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Cad. saúde pública ; 25(1): 97-104, jan. 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-505613

ABSTRACT

Classic and molecular (polymerase chain reaction - PCR) techniques were used to diagnose American cutaneous leishmaniasis in 149 dogs from an area in the northwest of Paraná State, Brazil, where an American cutaneous leishmaniasis outbreak occurred in 2002. The results were compared to a set of previously obtained results. Twenty-five dogs had positive indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) (titers > 40), including two animals with suggestive lesions. The percentage of dogs with positive IIF was similar to that found in a previous study. The cultures of the lesion, blood and bone marrow were negative for Leishmania. A direct search for the parasite in the lesions proved negative, although PCR tests were positive. The PCR did not detect the DNA of Leishmania (Viannia) in the blood, even for those that had positive PCR in a previous study. The follow up of the 27 dogs showed that the majority of them had maintained the same levels of antibodies that had been detected previously. There was a reduction in the number of dogs with lesions, probably due to the transmission control measures that were adopted after the outbreak.


Neste estudo, utilizaram-se técnicas clássicas e moleculares (reação em cadeia da polimerase - PCR) para o diagnóstico da leishmaniose tegumentar americana em 149 cães de uma área no noroeste do Estado do Paraná, Brasil, onde ocorreu um surto de leishmaniose tegumentar americana em 2002; os resultados foram comparados aos obtidos anteriormente. Vinte e cinco cães tiveram a imunofluorescência indireta (IFI) positiva (títulos > 40), incluindo dois animais com lesão sugestiva. O percentual de cães com IFI positiva foi semelhante aos encontrados nos inquéritos anteriores. As culturas dos materiais de lesão, sangue e medula óssea foram negativas para Leishmania. A pesquisa direta do parasito em lesão foi negativa, no entanto a PCR foi positiva. A PCR não detectou DNA de Leishmania (Viannia) no sangue dos cães estudados, mesmo naqueles que tiveram PCR positiva no estudo anterior. O acompanhamento de 27 animais mostrou que a maioria deles permaneceu com os mesmos níveis de anticorpos detectados anteriormente. Houve redução do número de cães com lesões, provavelmente em virtude das medidas de controle da transmissão adotadas após o surto de 2002.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Female , Male , Disease Reservoirs/veterinary , Dog Diseases/diagnosis , Leishmania braziliensis , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/veterinary , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Antibodies, Protozoan/genetics , Bone Marrow/parasitology , Bone Marrow/pathology , Brazil/epidemiology , Culture Media , DNA, Protozoan/blood , DNA, Protozoan/genetics , Disease Outbreaks/veterinary , Disease Reservoirs/parasitology , Disease Reservoirs/statistics & numerical data , Dog Diseases/epidemiology , Dog Diseases/parasitology , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect/veterinary , Leishmania braziliensis/genetics , Leishmania braziliensis/immunology , Leishmania braziliensis/isolation & purification , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/blood , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/epidemiology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary , Rural Population , Skin Ulcer/genetics , Skin Ulcer/pathology , Skin Ulcer/veterinary , Time Factors
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