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1.
Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery ; (12): 656-666, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1011025

ABSTRACT

Two children with late-onset congenital central hypoventilation syndrome were reported, one of whom was male and had no abnormal manifestations after birth, respiratory failure occurs at the age of 1 year and 6 months. After being hospitalized, he was treated with oxygen inhalation and non-invasive ventilation, but carbon dioxide retention could not be corrected. After one month of tracheal intubation, he was failure to wean from ventilator, so tracheostomy was performed. He needs a ventilator to help breath while sleeping, and can breath autonomously during the day without ventilator. The other case was a female, with no abnormalities after birth. At the age of 11 months, she developed respiratory failure. During sleep, the child needs non-invasive assisted ventilation through a nasal mask, and during the day, she breathed autonomously.Two patients were followed up forever 2 years and their growth and development were normal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Male , Female , Infant , Sleep Apnea, Central/therapy , Respiration, Artificial , Hypoventilation/congenital , Oxygen
2.
Chinese Medical Journal ; (24): 2721-2730, 2020.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-877868

ABSTRACT

Treatment-emergent central sleep apnea (TECSA) is a specific form of sleep-disordered breathing, characterized by the emergence or persistence of central apneas during treatment for obstructive sleep apnea. The purpose of this review was to summarize the definition, epidemiology, potential mechanisms, clinical characteristics, and treatment of TECSA. We searched for relevant articles up to January 31, 2020, in the PubMed database. The prevalence of TECSA varied widely in different studies. The potential mechanisms leading to TECSA included ventilatory control instability, low arousal threshold, activation of lung stretch receptors, and prolonged circulation time. TECSA may be a self-limited disorder in some patients and could be resolved spontaneously over time with ongoing treatment of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). However, central apneas persist even with the regular CPAP therapy in some patients, and new treatment approaches such as adaptive servo-ventilation may be necessary. We concluded that several questions regarding TECSA remain, despite the findings of many studies, and it is necessary to carry out large surveys with basic scientific design and clinical trials for TECSA to clarify these irregularities. Further, it will be vital to evaluate the baseline demographic and polysomnographic data of TECSA patients more carefully and comprehensively.


Subject(s)
Humans , Continuous Positive Airway Pressure , Lung , Respiration , Sleep Apnea, Central/therapy , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive
3.
J. bras. pneumol ; 40(5): 574-578, Sep-Oct/2014. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-728770

ABSTRACT

The Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) has been associated with sleep-disordered breathing, especially central sleep apnea syndrome. We report the case of a 44-year-old female with CM-I who was referred to our sleep laboratory for suspected sleep apnea. The patient had undergone decompressive surgery 3 years prior. An arterial blood gas analysis showed hypercapnia. Polysomnography showed a respiratory disturbance index of 108 events/h, and all were central apnea events. Treatment with adaptive servo-ventilation was initiated, and central apnea was resolved. This report demonstrates the efficacy of servo-ventilation in the treatment of central sleep apnea syndrome associated with alveolar hypoventilation in a CM-I patient with a history of decompressive surgery.


A malformação de Chiari tipo I (MC-I) tem sido associada a distúrbios respiratórios do sono, sobretudo à síndrome de apneia central do sono. Apresentamos o caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino de 44 anos de idade com MC-I que foi encaminhada à nossa unidade de sono por suspeita de apneia do sono. A paciente havia sido submetida a cirurgia descompressiva 3 anos antes. A gasometria arterial mostrou hipercapnia. A polissonografia revelou um índice de distúrbio respiratório de 108 eventos/h, sendo todos os eventos apneias centrais. Foi iniciado tratamento com servoventilação adaptativa e houve resolução da apneia central. Este relato demonstra a eficácia da servoventilação no tratamento da síndrome de apneia central do sono associada à hipoventilação alveolar em uma paciente com MC-I previamente submetida a cirurgia descompressiva.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Arnold-Chiari Malformation/complications , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Sleep Apnea, Central/etiology , Sleep Apnea, Central/therapy , Arnold-Chiari Malformation/diagnosis , Polysomnography , Sleep Apnea, Central/diagnosis
4.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-154404

ABSTRACT

Patients with idiopathic central sleep apnoea (ICSA) usually complain of poor quality sleep; yet many of them do not receive appropriate treatment because of poor recognition of ICSA by health professionals. We report the case of a patient with ICSA who was misdiagnosed and received treatment for seizures, depression or anxiety for a number of years and discuss the differential diagnosis and treatment options for ICSA.


Subject(s)
Adult , Delayed Diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , India , Polysomnography , Risk Assessment , Sleep Apnea, Central/diagnosis , Sleep Apnea, Central/etiology , Sleep Apnea, Central/therapy , Treatment Outcome
6.
Distúrb. comun ; 21(3): 385-389, dez. 2009.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1418570

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: relatar o caso de uma criança recém-nascida (RN) com comprometimento do sistema nervoso autônomo caracterizado por insensibilidade em detectar aumento de CO2 e diminuição de O2, denominado de Maldição de Ondina ou Síndrome da Hipoventilação Central Congênita ou Hipoventilação Alveolar Primária, com ênfase ao acompanhamento fonoaudiológico. Discussão: o diagnóstico de Maldição de Ondina deve ser aventado quando da presença de episódios de apneias em RN, sem que se consiga elucidar a causa e que seja afastada a possibilidade de crise epiléptica, distúrbio pulmonar e/ou cardíaco, lesão de tronco ou de outra região encefálica. A evolução respiratória desta criança foi de dependência do respirador por 24 horas até o final do terceiro mês de vida. Progressivamente, foi possível deixá-la com cateter nasal com fluxo contínuo de oxigênio enquanto se mantinha acordada, e respirador em modo controlado nos períodos de sono. O tratamento específico, com instalação de marca-passo diafragmático, é a única terapia existente até o momento.


Purpose: To report the case of a newborn (NB) with an autonomic nervous system disorder characterized by insensitivity to detect increased CO2 and decreased O2, referred to as Ondine's curse, Primary Hypoventilation Syndrome, or Congenital Central Alveolar Hypoventilation, with emphasis on speech therapy. Discussion: The diagnosis of Ondine's curse should be considered upon presence of episodes of apnea in newborns, with no clear indication of the cause and with no indications of seizures, severe pulmonary or cardiac injury of the brainstem or another cerebral region. The respiratory development characteristic of this child was being ventilator dependent for 24 hours a day until the end of the third month of life. Gradually, it was possible to leave the device with a continuous nasal oxygen flow while awake, and breathing with a ventilator under control during her periods of sleep. Specific treatment with installation of diaphragmatic pacemaker, is the only treatment available to date.


Objetivo: relatar el caso de un recién nacido (RN) con comprometimiento del sistema nervioso autónomo caracterizado por falta de sensibilidad para detectar el aumento de la emisión de CO2 y la disminución de O2, conocido como La Maldición de Ondina, o Síndrome de Hipoventilación Central Congénita o Hipoventilación Alveolar Primaria, con énfasis al acompañamiento fonoaudiológico. Discusión: El diagnóstico de la Maldición de Ondine debe ser considerado en la presencia de episodios de apnea en recién nacidos, sin que se pueda aclarar la causa y que sea rechazada la posibilidad de crisis epiléptica, trastorno pulmonar y/o cardiaco severo, lesión de tronco o otra región encefálica. El desarrollo respiratorio de este niño fue de dependencia del respirador por 24 horas hasta el final del tercer mes de vida. Progresivamente fue posible dejarla con un flujo nasal continuo de oxígeno mientras se mantenía despierta, y con respirador en forma controlada durante los períodos de sueño. El tratamiento específico con la instalación de un marcapasos diafragmático, es el único tratamiento disponible hasta la fecha.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Sleep Apnea, Central/diagnosis , Sleep Apnea, Central/therapy , Oxygen Inhalation Therapy/methods , Congenital Abnormalities , Respiratory Muscles , Breathing Exercises , Respiratory System Abnormalities/etiology
7.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 62(2b): 523-527, jun. 2004. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-362222

ABSTRACT

Relatamos e discutimos o caso de um paciente de 55 anos de idade que apresentara história de acidente vascular cerebral e doença broncopulmonar obstrutiva crônica. Quando admitido no setor de emergência, foi diagnosticado como vítima de síndrome vértebro-basilar. A ressonância magnética mostrou hiperintensidade no tronco inferior à direita ao nível do bulbo, o que corresponde a área das vias descendentes do centro do controle respiratório automático. Durante a hospitalização o paciente teve vários episódios de apnéia prolongada, especialmente durante o sono, tendo sido freqüentemente "lembrado" a respirar pela equipe médica e enfermagem. A traqueostomia foi então realizada, com o paciente inicialmente mantido em ventilação mecânica. Tratamento com medroxiprogesterona, fluoxetina e acetazolamida foram também iniciados de forma escalonada. Foi liberado após 64 dias, respirando ao ar ambiente sem epsiódios aparentes de apnéia. Retornou à emergência no dia seguinte com quadro clínico compatível com broncopneumonia aspirativa, seguida por choque séptico e morte. CONCLUSAO: a Maldição de Ondina é uma das formas de apresentação de um acidente vascular encefálico de circulação posterior, marcada por perda da respiração automática e pela imprevisibilidade da evolução clínica e prognóstico. Tal situação foi raramente descrita em adultos e os critérios diagnósticos não são um consenso na literatura revisada, devendo haver flexibilidade na determinação desta entidade. Existem várias opções terapêuticas sintomáticas no manejo dos pacientes com esta síndrome, indo desde a abordagem farmacológica, uso do BIPAP (bilevel positive airway pressure) até a colocação do marcapasso.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery/complications , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications , Sleep Apnea, Central/etiology , Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis , Respiration, Artificial , Sleep Apnea, Central/diagnosis , Sleep Apnea, Central/therapy , Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency/complications , Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency/diagnosis
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