Investigation on secondary metabolites of endophytic fungus Talaromyces purpurogenus hosted in Tylophora ovate / 中国中药杂志

Eight compounds,(R)-2-[5-(methoxycarbonyl)-4-methyl-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]acetic acid(1),(3S,4R)-3,4-dihydro-3,4-epoxy-5-hydroxynaphthalen-1(2H)-one(2),(-)-mitorubrinol(3),(-)-mitorubrin(4),(±)-asperlone A(5), terreusinone(6), verrucisidinol(7) and cerebroside C(8) were isolated from the endophytic fungus Talaromyces purpurogenus by using various column chromatographic techniques. Their structures were identified by NMR, MS, CD and optical rotation. Compounds 1 and 2 were new compounds. Their anti-diabetic activities in vitro were evaluated, and compound 1 showed moderate inhibitory activity toward XOD at 10 μmol·L~(-1) with the inhibition rate of 69.9%.

Antimicrobial activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibition by extracts from chromatin modulated fungi

ABSTRACT Major health challenges as the increasing number of cases of infections by antibiotic multiresistant microorganisms and cases of Alzheimer's disease have led to searching new control drugs. The present study aims to verify a new way of obtaining bioactive extracts from filamentous fungi with potential antimicrobial and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities, using epigenetic modulation to promote the expression of genes commonly silenced. For such finality, five filamentous fungal species (Talaromyces funiculosus, Talaromyces islandicus, Talaromyces minioluteus, Talaromyces pinophilus, Penicillium janthinellum) were grown or not with DNA methyltransferases inhibitors (procainamide or hydralazine) and/or a histone deacetylase inhibitor (suberohydroxamic acid). Extracts from T. islandicus cultured or not with hydralazine inhibited Listeria monocytogenes growth in 57.66 ± 5.98% and 15.38 ± 1.99%, respectively. Increment in inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity was observed for the extract from P. janthinellum grown with procainamide (100%), when compared to the control extract (39.62 ± 3.76%). Similarly, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity increased from 20.91 ± 3.90% (control) to 92.20 ± 3.72% when the tested extract was obtained from T. pinophilus under a combination of suberohydroxamic acid and procainamide. Concluding, increases in antimicrobial activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibition were observed when fungal extracts in the presence of DNA methyltransferases and/or histone deacetylase modulators were tested.