Sleep quality is inversely related to body mass index among university students

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity and its association with sleep quality in university students from the Anhui province in China. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in China with 1328 participants. The prevalence of underweight and obesity in university students was estimated according to the reference working group on obesity in China. The sleep quality was evaluated using the standard PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index). RESULTS: This study included 470 male and 858 female students from a university in Anhui; 4.4% of the females and 17.7% of the males were overweight or obese. The prevalence of obesity in males was significantly higher than in females, and the prevalence of obesity in higher years was greater than in other years (p<0.05). In general, the mean score for sleep quality was 4.91±2.67; 36.5% of male and 39.1% of female students had poor sleep quality (PSQI score >5). Among the seven components of sleep quality, sleep duration and the use of sleep medication showed significant differences between male and female students and different years (p<0.05). An obvious correlation was found between sleep quality and body mass index (BMI)(p<0.000) in females who took hypnotic drugs. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the sleep quality of females is probably associated with their BMI. College students are a special group of young adults whose cause of poor sleeping quality and BMI may be significant to study, so the health status of university students can be improved.

RESUMO OBJETIVO: O objetivo do estudo era investigar a prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade e sua relação com a qualidade do sono em estudantes universitários da província de Anhui, China. METODOLOGIA: Um estudo transversal foi realizado na China com 1328 participantes. A prevalência de baixo peso e obesidade em estudantes universitários foi estimada com base nas referências do Grupo de Trabalho sobre Obesidade da China. A qualidade do sono foi avaliada utilizando o padrão PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index). RESULTADOS: O estudo incluiu 470 homens e 858 mulheres, todos estudantes universitários de Anhui; 4,4% das mulheres e 17,7% dos homens foram classificados com sobrepeso ou obesidade. A prevalência da obesidade em homens foi significativamente maior do que em mulheres, e a prevalência da obesidade nos últimos anos foi maior do que em outras categorias (P < 0, 05). Em geral, a pontuação média de qualidade do sono foi 4,91 ± 2,67; 36,5% dos homens e 39, 1% das mulheres tiveram uma qualidade de sono ruim (PSQI > 5). Considerando os sete componentes da qualidade do sono, a duração do sono e o uso de medicação para dormir apresentaram diferenças significativas entre estudantes homens e mulheres de anos diferentes (P < 0,05). Uma clara correlação foi encontrada entre a qualidade do sono e o Índice de Massa corporal (IMC) (P < 0.0000) em mulheres que usavam drogas hipnóticas. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo sugere que a qualidade do sono das mulheres está provavelmente associada com o IMC. Os universitários são um grupo especial de jovens adultos, por isso é importante para estudar a causa da sua má qualidade do sono e sua relação com o IMC, para que seja possível melhorar a saúde dos estudantes universitários.

Caries Dental su Asociación con el Índice de Masa Corporal en una Población Joven Adulta / Dental Caries its Association with Body Mass Index in a Young Adult Population

RESUMEN: Este estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la distribución del Índice de Masa Corporal y su asociación con la caries dental en estudiantes de primer ingreso período 2016 de la carrera de Cirujano Dentista de la Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza UNAM. El estudio fue transversal, descriptivo y observacional, en una muestra por conveniencia de 335 estudiantes que entregaron su consentimiento firmado para participar en este estudio. El bajo peso, sobrepeso y obesidad se midió a través del Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC), e interpretado por los criterios establecidos en la Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-008-SSA3-2010, para el tratamiento integral del sobrepeso y la obesidad y la caries dental por el indicador epidemiológico de Dientes cariados, perdidos y obturados (CPOD). La información se capturó en el Programa Estadístico SPSS versión 17.0. El 3,3 % de esta población presentó bajo peso con un promedio de caries dental de 6,3±5. El 54 % normal con un CPOD de 7,6±4,8. El 31 % con sobrepeso y un promedio de caries de 7,0±5,1. El 9,3 % con obesidad grado 1 y 7,3±3,6 dientes cariado y el 2,4 % con obesidad grado 2 y 5,2±4,1 con historia de caries dental. El 31 % de los estudiantes que participaron en este estudio presentaron sobrepeso, por lo que existe un riesgo muy elevado si no se actúa con medidas preventivas y de promoción de la salud, de que estos alumnos en un futuro se conviertan en obesos y con ello tener repercusiones en su salud general.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study is to determine the body mass index and its association with dental caries, in first-year students of the dental surgeon degree program for the 2016 school term, Zaragoza College for Higher Education, UNAM. This was a cross, descriptive and observational study, in a sample of 335 students. Low weight, overweight and obesity were measured through body mass index and interpreted with the official Mexican Norm NOM008-SSA3-2010, for integral treatment of overweight, obesity and dental caries. The measures were taken according to the epidemiologic indicator of decayed, lost and sealed teeth (dlst). We used statistical program SPSS version 17.0 for the information. In the studied population, 3.3 % presented low weight, with an average of dental caries of 6.3±5; 54 % presented normal weight with a DLST of 7.6±4.8; 31 % presented with overweight and an average of caries of 7.0±5.1; 9.3 % with obesity grade 1 and 7.3±3.6 tooth decay and lastly 2.4 % with obesity grade 2 and 5.2±4.1 with a history of dental caries. Of the students participating in this study, 31 % presented overweight, indicating a high risk of poor oral health. If preventive measures in their overall health are not implemented early on, these students are at risk of obesity and general health repercussions in the future.

Underweight Body Mass Index as a Predictive Factor for Surgical Site Infections after Laparoscopic Appendectomy

PURPOSE: Analyses of risk factors associated with surgical site infections (SSIs) after laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) have been limited. Especially, the association of an underweight body mass index (BMI) with SSIs has not been clearly defined. This study aimed to identify the impact of underweight BMI in predicting SSIs after LA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The records of a total of 101 consecutive patients aged > or =16 years who underwent LA by a single surgeon between March 2011 and December 2012 were retrieved from a prospectively collected database. The rate of SSIs was compared among the underweight, normal and overweight and obese groups. Also, univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the factors associated with SSIs. RESULTS: The overall rate of SSIs was 12.8%. The superficial incisional SSI rate was highest in the underweight group (44.4% in the underweight group, 11.0% in the normal group, and 0% in the overweight and obese group, p=0.006). In univariate analysis, open conversion and being underweight were determined to be risk factors for SSIs. Underweight BMI was also found to be a significant predictor for SSIs in multivariate analysis (odds ratio, 10.0; 95% confidence interval, 2.0-49.5; p=0.005). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated underweight BMI as being associated with SSIs after LA. Surgeons should be more cautious to prevent SSIs in patients that are underweight when performing LA.

Association between intestinal helminth infections and underweight among school children in Tikur Wuha elementary school, Northwestern Ethiopia

The association of intestinal helminths with under nutrition varies by locality. The objective of this study was to investigate the nature of the association of helminth infection with the nutritional status of school children in Tikur Wuha Elementary School, northwestern Ethiopia. A total of 403 school children were examined for intestinal helminth infection [stool samples] and nutritional status, thick Kato-Katz and anthropometric techniques, respectively during a baseline survey. Among these children, 235 were treated for helminth infection and re-examined for weight changes four weeks after treatment. Among the 403 study participants, 29.3%, 28.3% and 58.3% were stunted, underweight and infected with intestinal helminths, respectively. In the multivariate regression model, the probability of being underweight was significantly higher in children who were infected with intestinal helminths, aged 5-10 years and male compared with children who were without helminth infection, aged 11-15 years and female, respectively. The association of helminths with low body mass was strong in the case of hookworm infection, and the probability of being underweight significantly decreased with every one-year increase in the age of the children. The means for weight, weight-for-age z-scores and body mass index-for-age z-scores of the children significantly increased four weeks after treatment for helminth infection, with a single dose of albendazole and/or praziquantel. Helminth-infected male children in the 5- to 10-year-old age group were more vulnerable to undernutrition, which decreased four weeks after treatment. Thus, deforming of children living in the area might be important for improving their nutritional status

Relationship between childhood underweight and dental crowding in deciduous teething / Associação entre déficit de peso e apinhamento na dentição decídua

OBJETIVO: Investigar a relação entre o déficit antropométrico infantil e apinhamento dentário na dentição decídua. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliadas 794 crianças de 3 a 5 anos de idade, de ambos os sexos, matriculadas em pré-escolas públicas da cidade de São Luís (MA). Realizou-se amostragem probabilística por conglomerado em único estágio. Desenvolveu-se estudo transversal com aplicação de questionário, exame de oclusão dentária e avaliação antropométrica na população do estudo. O apinhamento dentário, caracterizado pela deficiência de espaço para a erupção dos dentes na linha do rebordo alveolar, constituiu a variável dependente. Para as avaliações antropométricas, empregaram-se os indicadores peso/idade (P/I) e altura/idade (A/I). Efetuou-se análise de regressão logística multivariada, bem como análise descritiva das variáveis do estudo. As associações foram estimadas por meio da razão de chances (odds ratio, OR) e a inferência estatística foi baseada em intervalos de confiança (IC95%), considerando-se erro tipo I de 5% (alfa = 5%). RESULTADOS: A associação entre déficit antropométrico e apinhamento dentário mostrou-se estatisticamente significante apenas ao se considerar o indicador P/I e no estrato das crianças que não tinham o hábito de chupar chupeta, havendo 2,19 crianças com apinhamento e desnutridas para cada criança sem apinhamento e desnutrida (OR = 2,19; IC95% 1,18-4,04). CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo sugere que o déficit antropométrico esteja associado ao apinhamento na dentição decídua entre crianças que não usam chupeta. No entanto, outros estudos são necessários para investigar possíveis relações de causalidade entre desnutrição e apinhamento dentário.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between low anthropometric indices and dental crowding in deciduous teething. METHODS: We assessed 794 children from 3 to 5 years old, both boys and girls, enrolled in public preschools in the city of São Luís, state of Maranhão, Brazil. Single-stage cluster sampling was used. This is a cross-sectional study, including the administration of a questionnaire, evaluation of dental occlusion and anthropometric assessment. Dental crowding, which is characterized by lack of space for the eruption of teeth in the line of the alveolar crest, is the dependent variable. Weight-for-age (W/A) and height-for-age (H/A) indices were used for anthropometric assessments. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and descriptive analysis of the variables were used. Associations were estimated using odds ratio (OR), and the statistical inference was based on confidence intervals (95%CI). Type I error was set at 5%(alpha = 5%). RESULTS: The association between low anthropometric measures and dental crowding was statistically significant only when considering the weight-for-age index and among those children who did not use pacifiers. We found 2.19 children with dental crowding and malnutrition for each children without dental crowding and with malnutrition (OR = 2.19; 95%1.19-4.04). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that low anthropometric measures are associated with dental crowding in deciduous teething among children who do not use pacifiers. However, further studies are needed to investigate possible causal relations between malnutrition and dental crowding.

Gestational weight gain and fetal birth weight in rural regions of Rasht / Iran

Proper nutrition during pregnancy is essential for optimal fetal growth. Investigation of the relation between pregnancy weight gain and birth weight in rural regions of Rasht, center of Guilan Province in Iran, was the purpose of this study. In this cohort study, prenatal data of 918 women who attended local health centers with singleton term pregnancies were recorded. Maternal demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, total pregnancy weight gain and birth weight were recorded by health workers. The women were stratified based on their pre-pregnancy body mass index [BMI] into four groups: underweight women, women with normal weight, overweight women and obese women. The relation between weight gain and low birth weight [LBW, birth weight <2500 g] and macrosomia [birth weight >4000 g] was studied in these four groups. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test, independent t-test, Pearson correlation and logistic regression with 95% confidence intervals. More than 50% of underweight women and women with normal weight and almost 30% of overweight and obese women gained weight less than what is mentioned in the Institute of Medicine [IOM] recommendations. The incidence rate of LBW was 7.1% and that of macrosomia was 5%. Mean weight gain of women with LBW was significantly less than mean weight gain of women who had an infant with a birth weight more than 2500 g [P=0.002]. Women who gained weight less than the recommended range had higher rate of LBW in their infants [P=0.01] and the incidence of macrosomia in women with a weight gain above the recommended weight was higher than that in others [P=0.012]. Pregnancy weight gain less than what is mentioned in the IOM guideline was the only predictor for LBW [OR=2.79, CI=1.16-6.73, P=0.02]. Pregnancy weight gains less than what is mentioned in the IOM recommendation was a significant predictor of LBW, regardless of pre-pregnancy BMI

A study of Body Mass Index (BMI) of Nepalese women attending gynaecology clinic.

This prospective study was carried out to find out the body mass index (BMI) of all the women attending a gynaecological clinic at Kathmandu Valley. Total of 1450 women attended this clinic over the study period. After excluding few hundreds of women, one thousand women of reproductive age (15-49) were enrolled. Detail history was taken, general, systemic and pelvic examinations were performed and a provisional diagnosis was made on the clinical ground. In this process height and weight of each patient was measured then Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated. Eight percent (8%) of women were underweight and equal numbers of them were obese too. Forty-four point six percent were healthy and 37.3 were overweight. Most of them were diagnosed vaginitis, urinary tract infection (UTI), pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), subfertility, menstrual disorders, and cervical conditions. In eleven percent no gynaecological abnormalities were detected (NAD). Commonly diagnosed conditions were vaginitis, UTI, PID, primary subfertility and menstrual disorders were the commonly diagnosed conditions.