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1.
Rev. enferm. UERJ ; 27: e38987, jan.-dez. 2019. tab
Article in Portuguese | BDENF, LILACS | ID: biblio-1005518

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: descrever a cessação do tabagismo entre usuários da estratégia saúde da família. Método: estudo longitudinal realizado em duas unidades de atenção básica no período de junho a dezembro de 2016 com usuários tabagistas participantes do Programa de Tratamento do Tabagismo. A cessação do tabagismo foi descrita segundo variáveis sociodemográficas e variáveis relacionadas à história tabagística e à participação no Programa. As análises bivariadas se basearam no teste exato de Fisher, nos testes não paramétrico U de Mann-Whitney e Correlação de Spearman); foi adotado nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: verificou-se que sexo masculino, uso de medicamento e número de sessões que o indivíduo participou relacionaram-se estatisticamente à cessação do tabagismo. Conclusão: O presente estudo evidenciou que a cessação do tabagismo é influenciada pelo sexo masculino, participação nas sessões propostas pelo programa de tabagismo e uso de medicamentos oferecidos pelo Sistema Único de Saúde.


Objective: to describe the cessation of smoking among Family Health Strategy users. Method: this longitudinal study was conducted at two primary care units from June to December 2016 with smokers participating in the Smoking Treatment Program. Cessation was described according to sociodemographic, smoking history and program participation variables. The bivariate analyzes were based on Fisher's exact test, non-parametric Mann-Whitney U tests, and Spearman's correlation; a 5% significance level was adopted. Results: cessation of smoking was found to be statistically related to male sex, medication use, and number of program sessions that the individual attended. Conclusion: this study showed that cessation of smoking is influenced by male sex, participation in smoking treatment program sessions, and use of medications offered by the Unified Health System.


Objetivo: describir el cese del tabaquismo entre usuarios de la estrategia de salud familiar. Método: estudio longitudinal realizado en dos unidades de atención básica en el período de junio a diciembre de 2016 junto a fumadores participantes del Programa de Tratamiento del Tabaquismo. El cese del tabaquismo se describió según variables sociodemográficas y variables relacionadas con la historia del fumador y la participación en el Programa. Los análisis bivariados se basaron en la prueba exacta de Fisher, en las pruebas no paramétricas U de Mann-Whitney y la Correlación de Spearman); se adoptó un nivel de significancia del 5%. Resultados: se verificó que el sexo masculino, el uso de remedios y el número de sesiones en que el individuo participó están relacionados estadísticamente al cese de fumar. Conclusión: el presente estudio evidenció que el cese del tabaquismo es influenciado por el sexo masculino, la participación en las sesiones propuestas por el programa de tabaquismo y el uso de remedios ofrecidos por el Sistema Único de Salud.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Public Health Nursing , Tobacco Use Disorder , Smoking Cessation/psychology , Smoking Prevention , Tobacco Use Disorder/prevention & control , Tobacco Use Disorder/rehabilitation , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Longitudinal Studies
2.
Cad. Saúde Pública (Online) ; 33(2): e00178215, 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-839649

ABSTRACT

Resumo: Aplicativos de smartphones estão sendo desenvolvidos como uma forma complementar ao tratamento do tabagismo. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar o conteúdo de aplicativos disponíveis na língua portuguesa em dois sistemas operacionais: Android e iOS. Cinquenta e um aplicativos foram encontrados no iTunes e 600 no Google Play. Foram incluídos na avaliação do conteúdo aqueles aplicativos que tivessem como foco a cessação do tabagismo, com um total de 12 no iOS e 3 no Android. Cada aplicativo foi categorizado por meio da sua abordagem na cessação de tabagismo e pontuado de acordo com o seu nível de aderência às diretrizes de tratamento de tabagismo do Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence. Em relação às categorias, 9 foram classificados como calendário, 8 como informativo, 6 como calculadora, 3 como medidor de cigarros fumados e 1 como hipnose. Os aplicativos apresentaram baixo nível de aderência às diretrizes, com uma média de 12,8. Recomenda-se que os aplicativos disponíveis sejam revisados e que futuros aplicativos sejam desenvolvidos utilizando práticas baseadas em evidência para a cessação do tabagismo.


Resumen: Aplicaciones para smartphones se están desarrollando como un complemento al tratamiento del tabaquismo. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el contenido de aplicaciones disponibles en el idioma portugués en dos sistemas operativos: Android y iOS. Cincuenta y un aplicaciones fueron encuentradas en iTunes y 600 en Google Play. Se incluyeron en la evaluación las aplicaciones que se han centrado en dejar de fumar, con un total de 12 en iOS y 3 en Android. Se clasificó cada aplicación de acuerdo a su enfoque para el abandono del hábito de fumar y se anotó de acuerdo con el nivel de adherencia a la guía de tratamiento del Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence. Nueve aplicaciones se clasificaron como calendarios, 8 como herramientas de información, 6 como calculadoras, 3 como seguidores de cigarrillos y 1 como hipnosis. Las aplicaciones mostraron un bajo nivel de adherencia a la guía de tratamiento, con una puntuación media de 12,8. Recomendamos que se revisen las aplicaciones disponibles y que las aplicaciones futuras se desarrollen utilizando prácticas basadas en la evidencia para dejar de fumar.


Abstract: Smartphone apps are being developed as a complement to smoking cessation treatment. The current study aimed to analyze the content of available apps in Portuguese in two operational systems, Android and iOS. Fifty-one apps were found in iTunes and 600 in Google Play. Content evaluation included apps that focused on smoking cessation, with a total of 12 apps in iOS and 3 in Android. Each app was categorized according to its approach to smoking cessation and scored according to level of adherence to the Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence smoking cessation treatment guideline. Nine apps were classified as calendars, 8 as information tools, 6 as calculators, 3 as cigarette trackers, and 1 as hypnosis. The apps showed low level of adherence to the guideline, with a mean score of 12.8. We recommend that the available apps be revised and that future apps be developed using evidence-based practices for smoking cessation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Tobacco Use Disorder/rehabilitation , Smoking Cessation/methods , Mobile Applications , Smartphone , Self Care/instrumentation , Brazil , Evidence-Based Practice , Mobile Applications/classification , Language
3.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 48(5): 447-457, 05/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-744369

ABSTRACT

The parasympathetic nervous system is important for β-cell secretion and mass regulation. Here, we characterized involvement of the vagus nerve in pancreatic β-cell morphofunctional regulation and body nutrient homeostasis in 90-day-old monosodium glutamate (MSG)-obese rats. Male newborn Wistar rats received MSG (4 g/kg body weight) or saline [control (CTL) group] during the first 5 days of life. At 30 days of age, both groups of rats were submitted to sham-surgery (CTL and MSG groups) or subdiaphragmatic vagotomy (Cvag and Mvag groups). The 90-day-old MSG rats presented obesity, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and hypertriglyceridemia. Their pancreatic islets hypersecreted insulin in response to glucose but did not increase insulin release upon carbachol (Cch) stimulus, despite a higher intracellular Ca2+ mobilization. Furthermore, while the pancreas weight was 34% lower in MSG rats, no alteration in islet and β-cell mass was observed. However, in the MSG pancreas, increases of 51% and 55% were observed in the total islet and β-cell area/pancreas section, respectively. Also, the β-cell number per β-cell area was 19% higher in MSG rat pancreas than in CTL pancreas. Vagotomy prevented obesity, reducing 25% of body fat stores and ameliorated glucose homeostasis in Mvag rats. Mvag islets demonstrated partially reduced insulin secretion in response to 11.1 mM glucose and presented normalization of Cch-induced Ca2+ mobilization and insulin release. All morphometric parameters were similar among Mvag and CTL rat pancreases. Therefore, the higher insulin release in MSG rats was associated with greater β-cell/islet numbers and not due to hypertrophy. Vagotomy improved whole body nutrient homeostasis and endocrine pancreatic morphofunction in Mvag rats.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Smoking Cessation/methods , Smoking/prevention & control , Substance-Related Disorders/rehabilitation , Ambulatory Care/methods , Opiate Substitution Treatment/methods , Opioid-Related Disorders/rehabilitation , Self Report , Smoking Cessation/psychology , Smoking/epidemiology , Smoking/psychology , Tobacco Use Disorder/rehabilitation
5.
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing ; : 1362-1370, 2005.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-206235

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the degree of attaining a smoking cessation goal when an agreement on means to achieve smoking cessation among male college student smokers was established. METHOD: This study was planned as a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design and the sample was divided into an agreement group and a comparison group by convenience sampling in a college of G city. The data was analysed with SPSS Win10.0 using a Likelihood chi2-test, Odds ratio, Paired t-test and ANCOVA. RESULT: The theory that the degree of smoking cessation will be higher in the agreement group than the Comparison group was rejected (delta = 2.567, p = .055). The theory that nicotine dependency will be lower in the agreement group than the comparison group was supported (F = 3.965, p = .049); however, the theory that the number of cigarettes smoked per day will be lower in the agreement group than the comparison group was rejected (F = 1.342, p = .252). CONCLUSION: It has been shown that an agreement on means to achieve smoking cessation goals is a key factor to success in quitting smoking.


Subject(s)
Male , Humans , Adult , Universities , Tobacco Use Disorder/rehabilitation , Students/psychology , Smoking Cessation/psychology , Motivation
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