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1.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 84(3): 267-270, May-June 2021. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1248958

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT We report the case of an eight-year-old male patient with a four-month history of unilateral anterior chronic uveitis, associated with a pigmented lesion surrounded by fibrinoid material in the inferior camerular angle and with a fibrotic lesion in the extreme periphery of the inferior retina. The patient had no history of trauma or any other clinical symptoms. Although the patient was suspected of having toxocariasis, serological tests were negative. Partial symptomatic improvement was achieved using both orally and topically administered corticosteroids. In addition, a decrease in fibrinoid material around the pigmented camerular lesion revealed it to be regular and cylindric. Computed tomography of the orbits revealed a metallic foreign body in the topography of the inferior camerular angle. The patient underwent removal of the foreign body through a corneal incision and photocoagulation around the inferior retinal traction. Excellent visual and anatomical results were obtained.(AU)


RESUMO Os autores relatam o caso de paciente do sexo masculino, 8 anos de idade, com história de uveíte crônica anterior unilateral há quatro meses, associada a lesão pigmentada envolvida por material fibrinóide em ângulo camerular inferior e a lesão fibrótica em extrema periferia de retina inferior. Não havia histórico de trauma ou outros sintomas clínicos. A hipótese de toxocaríase foi afastada diante de testes sorológicos negativos. Melhoria sintomática parcial foi alcançada com administração de corticosteróide vias oral e tópica. Ademais, redução na quantidade de material fibrinóide ao redor da lesão camerular a revelou regular e cilíndrica. Foi realizada tomografia computadorizada de órbitas, permitindo a detecção de corpo estranho metálico na topografia de ângulo camerular inferior. O paciente foi submetido a remoção do corpo estranho através de incisão corneana e a fotocoagulação ao redor da tração retiniana inferior. Excelentes resultados visual e anatômico foram obtidos.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Toxocariasis/pathology , Corneal Edema/pathology , Uveitis, Anterior/diagnosis , Eye Foreign Bodies , Uveitis, Intermediate
2.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 56(4): 347-352, Jul-Aug/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-716425

ABSTRACT

Experimental inoculations of approximately 100,000 infective Toxocara cati larval eggs were done in twelve pigs. The T. cati eggs used for inoculation were collected from cat's feces. Another group of three pigs served as an uninfected control. Groups of infected pigs were euthanized at seven, 14, 21, and 28 days post-inoculation (dpi). Tissue samples were taken for digestion and histopathology changes in early phase. The number of larvae recovered from the lungs peaked at seven and 14 dpi and were also present at 21, and 28 dpi. Larvae of T. cati were present in the lymph nodes of the small and large intestine at seven, 14, and 28 dpi and at seven, 14, 21, and 28 dpi respectively. In other studied tissues, no larvae or less than one larva per gram was detected. The pathological response observed in the liver and lungs at seven and 14 dpi, showed white spots on the liver surface and areas of consolidation were observed in the lungs. The lungs showed an inflammatory reaction with larvae in center at 28 dpi. In the liver we observed periportal and perilobular hepatitis. The lymph nodes of the intestines displayed eosinophil lymphadenitis with reactive centers containing parasitic forms in some of them. The granulomatous reaction was not observed in any tissues. The role of the other examined tissues had less significance. The relevance of this parasite as an etiological agent that leads to disease in paratenic hosts is evident.


Se realizó la infección experimental de doce cerdos con aproximadamente 100.000 huevos infectivos de Toxocara cati. Los huevos de T. cati utilizados en la inoculación fueron recolectados de heces felinas. Otro grupo de tres cerdos no infectados se utilizó como control. Grupos de cerdos infectados se eutanaciaron a los 7,14,21 y 28 días posinoculación (pi). Se tomaron muestras de tejidos para digestión y evaluación de cambios histopatológicos en la etapa temprana de la infección. El número de larvas recuperadas de los pulmones se incrementó en los días 7 y 14 pi, recuperándose también los días 21 y 28 pi. Se encontraron larvas de T. cati en los linfonódulos del intestino delgado y grueso los días 7,14 y 28 pi y los días 7,14,21 y 28 pi respectivamente. En los restantes tejidos estudiados o no se recuperaron larvas o los valores fueron menores a una larva por gramo de tejido. La respuesta patológica observada en el hígado y los pulmones a los 7 y 14 días posinoculación, mostró en la superficie del hígado manchas blancas y en los pulmones áreas de consolidación. Los pulmones presentaron una reacción inflamatoria con presencia de larva en el centro en el día 28 pi. En el hígado se observó una hepatitis periportal y perilobular. Los linfonódulos del intestino presentaron una linfoadenitis eosinofílica con un centro reactivo conteniendo formas parasitarias en algunos de ello. En ninguno de los tejidos se observó la típica reacción granulomatosa. El rol de los restantes tejidos examinados fue de menor significancia. Queda evidenciada la importancia de éste parasito como un agente etiológico que desarrolla la enfermedad en hospederos paraténicos.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Female , Male , Toxocara/growth & development , Toxocariasis/parasitology , Disease Models, Animal , Swine , Time Factors , Toxocara/physiology , Toxocariasis/pathology
4.
Kasmera ; 41(1): 27-41, ene. 2013. ilus, graf, mapas, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-698176

ABSTRACT

Para determinar la prevalencia de parasitosis intestinales y tisulares y su relación con la eosinofilia en una comunidad indígena Yukpa, se analizaron 91 muestras fecales y sanguíneas. A las muestras fecales se les practicó examen coproscópico y concentrado. Se realizó hematología completa para determinar cuenta blanca y porcentaje de eosinófilos, y en suero se efectuó un test de ELISA para la detección de anticuerpos anti- Toxocara canis y anti- Toxoplasma gondii. Se observó una elevada prevalencia de parasitosis intestinales (90,10%). Se apreció predominio de protozoarios sobre helmintos, siendo para los primeros el más prevalente Blastocystis sp. (51,64%) y para los segundos Ascaris lumbricoides (38,46%). La seroprevalencia de anticuerpos anti-Toxocara canis fue de 24,17% y anti-Toxoplasma gondii de 43.95%. No se observó diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos de edad y sexo en las diferentes parasitosis intestinales y tisulares. No se encontró asociación entre la seroprevalencia para Toxocara canis y la eosinofilia. Se apreció una asociación estadística significativa entre la presencia de eosinofilia y las helmintiasis. Estos resultados sugieren que existe una alta prevalencia de infecciones parasitarias en estas comunidades debido probablemente a sus costumbres y las condiciones sanitarias en las que habitan.


To determine the prevalence of intestinal and tissue parasites and their relationship with eosinophilia in Yukpa Amerindians, 91 fecal and blood samples were analyzed. The fecal samples underwent microscopic and concentrated examinations. Complete hematology was performed to determine white count and percentage of eosinophils; and ELISA tests were performed on the serum to detect anti-Toxocara canis and anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies. A high prevalence of intestinal parasites (90.10%) was observed. The predominance of protozoa over helminths was noted; for the first, the most prevalent were Blastocystis hominis (51.64%), and for the second, Ascaris lumbricoides (38.46%). Seroprevalence of anti-Toxocara canis antibodies was 24.17% and for anti-Toxoplasma gondi, 43.95%. No statistically significant differences were observed between age and sex groups for the different intestinal and tissue parasites. No association between seroprevalence for Toxocara canis and eosinophilia was found. A statistically significant association between the presence of eosinophilia and helminthiasis was observed. These results suggest that there is a high prevalence of parasitic infections in these communities due probably to their customs and the sanitary conditions in which they live.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Eosinophilia/parasitology , Eosinophilia/pathology , Indigenous Peoples , Protozoan Infections/pathology , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/diagnosis , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/epidemiology , Toxocariasis/parasitology , Toxocariasis/pathology , Toxoplasmosis/parasitology , Toxoplasmosis/pathology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods , Hematology/methods
5.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 44(4): 319-326, Apr. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-581491

ABSTRACT

It is well known that eosinophilia is a key pathogenetic component of toxocariasis. The objective of the present study was to determine if there is an association between peritoneal and blood eosinophil influx, mast cell hyperplasia and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) production after Toxocara canis infection. Oral inoculation of 56-day-old Wistar rats (N = 5-7 per group) with 1000 embryonated eggs containing third-stage (L3) T. canis larvae led to a robust accumulation of total leukocytes in blood beginning on day 3 and peaking on day 18, mainly characterized by eosinophils and accompanied by higher serum LTB4 levels. At that time, we also noted increased eosinophil numbers in the peritoneal cavity. In addition, we observed increased peritoneal mast cell number in the peritoneal cavity, which correlated with the time course of eosinophilia during toxocariasis. We also demonstrated that mast cell hyperplasia in the intestines and lungs began soon after the T. canis larvae migrated to these compartments, reaching maximal levels on day 24, which correlated with the complete elimination of the parasite. Therefore, mast cells appear to be involved in peritoneal and blood eosinophil infiltration through an LTB4-dependent mechanism following T. canis infection in rats. Our data also demonstrate a tight association between larval migratory stages and intestinal and pulmonary mast cell hyperplasia in the toxocariasis model.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Eosinophilia/parasitology , /biosynthesis , Lung/parasitology , Mast Cells/parasitology , Toxocara canis , Toxocariasis/parasitology , Eosinophilia/immunology , Hyperplasia/parasitology , Hyperplasia/pathology , Intestines/parasitology , Intestines/pathology , Lung/pathology , Mast Cells/pathology , Peritoneal Cavity , Rats, Wistar , Toxocariasis/immunology , Toxocariasis/pathology
6.
Kasmera ; 38(2): 138-146, jul.-dic. 2010. mapas, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-654054

ABSTRACT

El propósito de este estudio fue determinar la seroprevalencia de infección por Toxocara spp en una comunidad indígena de la sierra de Perijá, al occidente de Venezuela, identificando el efecto de los cambios socioculturales sobre los factores de riesgo. Se estudió el 75,4% del total de la comunidad (110 individuos). La determinación de anticuerpos anti-Toxocara spp se realizó a través de una técnica de ELISA comercial. El análisis estadístico se realizó a través de la prueba de Chi cuadrado y la correlación de Spearman. El porcentaje general de infección fue de 21,7%, la más alta prevalencia se observó en el grupo de mayores de 50 años (37,5%). No se apreciaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas con relación al sexo. La prevalencia encontrada fue más alta que la apreciada en poblaciones urbanas y más baja que en otras comunidades indígenas. El proceso de transculturización en esta comunidad indígena es un factor de riesgo para la infección por Toxocara spp


The aim of this study was to determine the Toxocara spp infection seroprevalence in an Amerindian community from western Venezuela, identifying the effect of socio-cultural changes on the risk factors. 75.4% of the community, 110 individuals, were studied. Blood samples were gathered by venous puncture. Determination of anti-Toxocara spp antibodies was carried out using a commercial ELISA technique. The overall prevalence was 21.7%. Higher prevalence was observed in the age group >50 years old (37.5%). There were no statistically significant differences with regard to sex. The prevalence found was higher than that of an urban population and lower than in other indigenous communities. The transculturization process in this indigenous community is a risk factor for Toxocara spp infection


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods , Indigenous Peoples , Toxocara/pathogenicity , Toxocariasis/epidemiology , Toxocariasis/pathology
7.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 42(5): 339-346, 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-433203

ABSTRACT

A contaminação do solo por ovos de Toxocara sp. é um importante fator de risco que favorece o surgimento da toxocariase humana. A infecção se dá através da ingestão destes ovos, embrionados, presentes na água, alimentos ou mãos contaminadas. O risco da infecção é maior em crianças. O objetivo desse trabalho é determinar a ocorrência de contaminação do solo por ovos de Toxocara sp. na localidade Cidade Evangélica dos Órfãos, pertencente ao município de Moreno-PE, que apresenta casos humanos com sorologia positiva, condições ambientais e sócioeconômicas que favorecem a manutenção do ciclo do Toxocara. Para tal, foram coletadas, por raspagem superficial, 25 amostras de solo, com cerca de 500 g cada. As amostras foram submetidas à técnica de centrífugo-flutuação em solução de sulfato de zinco a 33%, sendo confeccionadas cinco lâminas por amostra para pesquisa de ovos em microscópio óptico. Das 25 amostras analisadas, 12% estavam contaminadas com ovos de Toxocara sp. Esses dados demonstram que nesta localidade seus habitantes correm o risco de contrair toxocaríase, requerendo a adoção de medidas que evitem a transmissão entre os animais e entre estes e o homem.


Subject(s)
Epidemiology , Parasite Egg Count , Toxocara canis/isolation & purification , Toxocara/isolation & purification , Toxocariasis/pathology
8.
Rev. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Córdoba) ; 60(1): 61-66, 2003. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-441451

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Presentar un reporte clínico-patológico de toxocariasis ocular en un paciente de nueve años de edad con una membrana fibrovascular submacular, que fue tratado mediante cirugía submacular. Materiales y Métodos: Un niño de nueve años de edad afectado por toxocariasis crónica en su ojo derecho recibió tratamiento. El examen de fondo de ojos reveló múltiples bandas vítreas adheridas a la retina en el cuadrante Inferonasal y una membrana submacular, rodeada por un desprendimiento macular exudativo. Se llevó a cabo una vitrectomía con remoción de la membrana submacular. Resultados: La agudeza visual mejoró de movimientos de manos a 20/400 luego de dos meses de seguimiento. Los hallazgos anatomopatológicos revelaron una cicatriz fibrovascular sin restos parasitarios en los cortes seriados del tejido. Conclusión: En este caso de toxocariasis ocular la cirugía submacular resultó ser una buena alternativa para mejorar la visión del paciente. Mediante este tipo de cirugía seria posible no sólo tratar las complicaciones vitreoretinlanas de esta enfermedad sino también resecar membranas submaculares y reaplicar la retina en el área macular.


Purpose: To present a clinico-pathologic report on ocular toxocariasis in a nine-year-old boy with a submacular fibravascular membrane who underwent submacular surgery. Materials And Methods: A nine-year-old boy affected by chronic ocular toxocariasis in his right eye was treated. Fundus examination disclosed multiple vitreous strands attached to the retina in the inferonasal quadrant and a submacular membrane with a surrounding exudative macular detachment. Vitrectomy surgery with submacular membrane removal was performed. Results: Visual acuity improved from hand motion to 20/400 after two months of follow-up. The pathological findings revealed a fibrovascular scar without parasitic remnants in the serial section of the tissue. Conclusion: In this case of ocular toxocariasis, submacular surgery turned out to be a good alternative treatment to improve the patient's visual acuity. Through this kind of surgery it could be possible not only to treat vitreoretinal complications of the disease but also to excise submacular membranes and reattach the retina in the macular area.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Eye Infections, Parasitic/surgery , Macula Lutea/surgery , Toxocariasis/surgery , Vitrectomy , Eye Infections, Parasitic/parasitology , Eye Infections, Parasitic/pathology , Fundus Oculi , Pigment Epithelium of Eye , Toxocariasis/pathology , Visual Acuity
9.
Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam ; 28(2): 257-62, jun. 1994. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-141107

ABSTRACT

Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico-clínico de toxocariasis en humanos, en la ciudad de Bahía Blanca, Provincia de Buenos Aires, República Argentina. A tal fin se procesaron 690 muestras para investigar la seroprevalencia de Anticuerpos Anti-Toxacara canise. Se halló una positividad global del 33 por ciento(en adultos 26,4 por ciento y en población pediátrica 44,2 por ciento de positividad). No se encontraron diferencias significativas al evaluar la población céntrica y periférica, ni tampoco entre aquellas personas con caninos en su habitat y sin ellos. Se confirmó que la eoosinofilia tiene un importante valor predictivo. Para el procesamiento de las muestras, se desarrolló en nuestro laboratorio un enzimoinmunoensayo, cuyos resultados se compararon con los obtenidos con un kit comercial


Subject(s)
Female , Male , Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Toxocariasis/epidemiology , Antigens, Helminth , Eosinophilia/complications , Eosinophilia/epidemiology , Sex Factors , Toxocariasis/diagnosis , Toxocariasis/pathology
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