ABSTRACT
Abstract Background: The indiscriminate use of blood transfusion in surgery has been associated with increased risk of infection and increased length of hospital stay. Objective: To identify the average amount of bleeding and rates of transfusion of blood products in the postoperative period of patients undergoing cardiac surgery in a cardiology center. Methods: Medical records of patients who underwent myocardial revascularization surgery and/or heart valve replacement with use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were analyzed. Perioperative data such as CPB time, hematocrit and hemoglobin values were collected after surgery. The amount of bleeding (mL), blood transfusion (IU), clinical complications and time of hospitalization were also recorded. The correlation between bleeding in the postoperative period and blood transfusion was performed using the Spearman correlation. A p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 423 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (51.5%) or heart valve replacement (33.6%) were included. During the first 24 hours, the average bleeding volume was 353.3 ± 268.3 mL. Transfusion of blood products was required in 40.1% of cases, most frequently (70.6%) in the immediate postoperative period. Red blood cell concentrate was the most frequently used product (22.9% and 60%). Conclusion: The occurrence of bleeding in the cases was low, and when transfusion of blood components was indicated, red blood cell concentrates were the most widely used component. (Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2021; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Postoperative Care/methods , Blood Transfusion/methods , Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement/methods , Myocardial Revascularization/methods , Retrospective Studies , Extracorporeal Circulation , Transfusion Reaction/complications , Hemorrhage , Length of StayABSTRACT
El daño pulmonar agudo relacionado con la transfusión o TRALI, como más comúnmente se le conoce, por definición no se diferencia de otros tipos de distrés respiratorios, salvo por su origen demostrable y su estrecha relación temporal con la transfusión. Constituye una de las reacciones adversas más peligrosas del uso de productos sanguíneos y sus peculiares características le permiten enmascararse entre los muchos factores que pueden desencadenar un daño pulmonar agudo, especialmente en algunos pacientes que resultan más susceptibles a su desarrollo. El propósito de esta revisión es hacer un recordatorio de su existencia, sobre todo a aquellos médicos que manejan cotidianamente pacientes demandantes de componentes sanguíneos y cuya condición clínica favorece su aparición. Sus principales variables epidemiológicas (ej: incidencia y mortalidad) varían, a veces de manera notable, entre los distintos informes. La heterogeneidad de criterios aun después de la consecución de consensos internacionales para su diagnóstico, dificulta aprovechar al máximo los datos obtenidos de los distintos estudios realizados sobre su comportamiento y ha promovido la aparición de no pocos resultados contradictorios. Su diagnóstico clínico representa un reto al presentarse en medio de contextos clínicos que hacen plantear otras causas para la aparición del distrés respiratorio. Por ello, muchas veces pasa inadvertido o es mal identificado(AU)
Transfusion-related acute lung injury better known as TRALI, has not differences with other kinds of acute respiratory distress, except for its close relation with transfusion. It is considered among the greatest hazards on blood products use. With its peculiar characteristics it mimics within the many factors that may trigger an acute respiratory distress, especially among those patients at high risk for suffering lung damage after transfusion. The main purpose of this review is to make a recall of the existence of TRALI for those physicians who deal with high transfusion-demanding patients or those with conditions which could represent a risk for its development. TRALI´s main epidemiological variables (such as incidence and mortality) show important variations among different investigations. The criteria heterogeneity, even after the consecution of international diagnostic consensus, has made it difficult to take advantage of the data arose from multiple studies about its behavior, promoting the report of not a few contradictory results on worldwide publications. Diagnosing TRALI represents a real challenge for the clinician since it often appears within the context of various possible causes for an acute respiratory distress. This is why TRALI is frequently overlooked or misdiagnosed(AU)