Herpes simplex virus: isolation, cytopathological characterization and antiviral sensitivity

BACKGROUND: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is an endemic disease and it is estimated that 6095% of the adult population are infected with symptoms that are usually self-limiting, though they can be serious, extensive and prolonged in immunocompromised individuals, highlighted by the emergence of drug-resistant strains. The study of the wild-type HSV strains based on the cytopathogenic features and its antiviral sensitivity are important in the establishment of an antivirogram for controlling the infection. OBJECTIVE: This study sought to isolate and examine the cytopathological characteristics of circulating strains of the Herpes simplex virus, from clinical specimens and their sensitivity to commercially available antiherpesvirus drugs, acyclovir, phosphonophormic acid and trifluridine. METHODS: Herpes simplex virus isolation, cytopathological features and antiviral sensitivity assays were performed in cell culture by tissue culture infectious dose or plaque forming unit assay. RESULTS: From twenty-two clinical specimens, we isolated and adapted nine strains. Overall, the cytopathic effect was detected 24 h post-infection (p.i.) and the presence of syncytia was remarkable 48 h p.i., observed after cell staining. Out of eight isolates, four developed plaques of varying sizes. All the isolates were sensitive to acyclovir, phosphonophormic and trifluridine, with the percentage of virus inhibition (%VI) ranging from 49.7-100%. CONCLUSIONS: The methodology for HSV isolation and characterization is a straightforward approach, but the drug sensitivity test, regarded as being of great practical importance, needs to be better understood. .

Infecciones por virus herpes: drogas antiherpéticas: I / Herpesvirus infections: antiherpetic drugs: I

Aunque los antivirales sintéticos inhiben in vitro casi todos los virus del grupo herpes la terapia está virtualmente restringida a las infecciones por el virus herpes simplex y varicela zoster. Ninguna de estas drogas es realmente eficaz contra citomegalovirus; algunas tendrían cierta acción contra el virus Epstein-Barr. Las drogas antiherpéticas sólo actúan sobre el virus que replica, sin alcanzar al virus en estado de latencia. Deben ser usadas con precaución ya que aún no se han valorado sus efectos colaterales cuando se suministran por largos períodos. Las drogas antiherpéticas autorizadas por la FDA son: 1) la iododeoxiuridina en solución (0,1 por ciento) o unguento (0,5 por ciento) para uso oftálmico; 2) la trifluorotimidina en solución oftálmica (0,1 por ciento); 3) la adenina arabinosido en frasco ampolla de 1 gramo para uso intravenoso y 4) el aciclovir como unguento oftálmico (0,3 por ciento), crema dérmica (5 por ciento en base de propilenglicol al 40 por ciento), tabletas (400 y 200 mg) o jarabe para uso oral, frascos ampolla de 250 mg para uso intravenoso. El unguento dérmico es poco efectivo