Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Chagas Disease/prevention & control , Blood Transfusion/adverse effects , Trypanosoma cruzi/radiation effects , Amphotericin B/pharmacology , Antiprotozoal Agents/pharmacology , Chagas Disease/transmission , Radiation Dosage , Gamma Rays , Trypanosoma cruzi/drug effectsABSTRACT
The present measures adopted to prevent transfusion-associated Chagas' disease include screening of blood donors, and/or the inactivation of T. cruzi in collected blood using gentian violet (GV), as a trypanocidal agent. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of the combined use of AMT and UV-A in inactivating T. cruzi in infected human platelet concentrates. Human platelet concentrates were infected with T. cruzi (2 x 10(8)/ml) of the Y strain, transfered to PL 269 (Fenwal Laboratories) containers, and treated with GV (250 micrograms/ml), and ascorbic acid (1 mg/ml); GV, ascorbic acid and UV-A; GV and UV-A; AMT (40 microG/ml) and ascorbic acid; AMT, ascorbic acid and UV-A; AMT and UV-A; UV-A alone; and untreated (control). All UV-A treated platelet concentrates were exposed to UV-A doses of 24, 92, 184, 276, 368 and 644 kJ/m2, and the microscopical research of active T. cruzi was performed, using the microhematocrit technique, 1, 6 and 24 hours after each treatment. A high number of active forms of T. cruzi was observed in all condictions, except when GV was used as the trypanocidal agent, providing evidence of the failure of AMT and UV-A in inactivating T. cruzi in infected human platelet concentrates.
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Blood Platelets/parasitology , Chagas Disease/therapy , PUVA Therapy , Trypanosoma cruzi/drug effects , Blood Platelets/drug effects , Blood Platelets/radiation effects , Cells, Cultured , Chagas Disease/parasitology , Chagas Disease/blood , Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation , Time Factors , Trypanosoma cruzi/radiation effectsABSTRACT
Habiendo tenido la oportunidad de estudiar a pobladores de una colonia de origen japonès y sus descendientes hemos realizado un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal cuyo objetivo fuè estimar la prevalencia de anticuerpos anti-T.cruzi, anti - T.gondii y Hbs Ag, empleando las tècnicas de inmunofluorescencia indirecta y ELISA, para conocer la respuesta inmune humoral a la enfermedad de chagas, hepatitis B y toxoplasmosis de esta poblaciòn de caracterìsticas muy diferentes al resto de la poblaciòn paraguaya. De la poblaciòn estudiada (63 muestras) se obtuvieron: a. Una prevalencia de HBs Ag de 6.4 por ciento, lo que nos indica que a la zona le corresponde una endemicidad intermedia. b. Una prevalencia de 4.7 por ciento de anticuerpos anti - T-cruzi, lo que serìa de no endèmica y c. Una prevalencia de anticuerpos anti - T.gondii de 79.4 por ciento que es similar a las obtenidas en otras zonas del Paraguay
Subject(s)
Toxoplasma , Trypanosoma cruzi/radiation effects , Trypanosoma cruzi/immunology , Trypanosoma cruzi/parasitology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/immunology , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , ParaguayABSTRACT
Amostras de sangue de animais infectados com cepa Y de Trypanosoma cruzi foram submetidas, respectivamente, a 200 e 300 krad de radiaçäo gama. Para verificar a eficácia do método na eliminaçäo do parasita, o material foi inoculado em camundongos e os parâmetros utilizados na avaliaçäo foram: parasitemia, cultura, xenodiagnóstico, subinoculaçäo, reinoculaçäo com cepa virulenta e exame anátomo-patológico das vísceras. Os sangues expostos às duas diferentes intensidades de radiaçäo e inoculados em dois períodos após o processo, mostraram-se inócuos quanto a capacidade de produzir infecçäo nos animais