Bilateral Origin of the Testicular Arteries from the Lower Polar Accessory Renal Arteries / Origen Bilateral de las Arterias Testiculares desde las Arterias Renales Polares Inferiores Accesorias

The gonadal arteries (testicular or ovarian arteries) emerge normally from the lateral aspect of the abdominal aorta, a little inferior to the renal arteries. Several other sites of origin of these arteries have been recorded with the renal and accessory renal arteries being the most common. In the present case report, the testicular arteries originated from the lower polar accessory renal arteries in both sides. The testicular veins followed had the usual origin and course, while an accessory renal vein was observed only in the right side. These anomalies were combined with an abnormal left ureter exiting from the lower pole of the kidney. Only one male cadaver among 77 adult human cadavers of Caucasian origin presented this set of variations (frequency: 1.3%). Variations of renal and gonadal vessels are important, as their presence could result in vascular injury of any accessory or aberrant vessel if the surgeon does not identify them.

Las arterias gonadales (testiculares o ováricas) se originan normalmente de la parte lateral de la parte abdominal de la aorta, distal a las arterias renales. Se han registrado otros lugares de origen de estas arterias, entre ellos, los más comunes en las arterias renales y renales accesorias. En el presente caso, las arterias testiculares se originaron bilateralmente desde las arterias renales polares inferiores accesorias. Las venas testiculares siguieron el origen y curso habitual, mientras que una vena renal accesoria sólo se observó en el lado derecho. Estas anomalías se combinaron con un uréter izquierdo anormal que salía desde el polo inferior del riñón. Sólo un cadáver de sexo masculino, de origen caucásico, entre los 77 cadáveres humanos adultos, presentaba este conjunto de variaciones (frecuencia: 1,3%). Las variaciones de los vasos renales y gonadales son importantes. Su presencia, si el cirujano no los identifica, puede resultar en lesiones vasculares de algún vaso accesorio o aberrante.

Chronic Post-thrombotic Obstruction of the Inferior Vena Cava: Both Renal Veins being the Cause of Painless Gross Hematuria from Pelviureteral Mucosal Varices in Normal Functioning Kidney

A 31-year-old man presented with painless gross hematuria. His serum-creatinine level was within the normal range. Abdominopelvic CT showed an infrahepatic calcified fibrous cord, which was suggestive of inferior vena cava (IVC) remnant. Extensive venous collateralization around both kidneys and venous drainage of the extremities via the inferior epigastric and internal thoracic veins were shown. We report a case of chronic post-thrombotic obstruction of the IVC, involving both renal veins, which was believed to be the cause of painless gross hematuria from mucosal varices of the pelviureteral system in normal functioning kidney.

Chronic Post-thrombotic Obstruction of the Inferior Vena Cava: Both Renal Veins being the Cause of Painless Gross Hematuria from Pelviureteral Mucosal Varices in Normal Functioning Kidney

A 31-year-old man presented with painless gross hematuria. His serum-creatinine level was within the normal range. Abdominopelvic CT showed an infrahepatic calcified fibrous cord, which was suggestive of inferior vena cava (IVC) remnant. Extensive venous collateralization around both kidneys and venous drainage of the extremities via the inferior epigastric and internal thoracic veins were shown. We report a case of chronic post-thrombotic obstruction of the IVC, involving both renal veins, which was believed to be the cause of painless gross hematuria from mucosal varices of the pelviureteral system in normal functioning kidney.

Contribuiçäo ao estudo experimental do peristaltismo ureteral / Experimental study of ureteral peristalsis

Foi realizado um estudo sobre o peritaltismo uretral, pressäo arterial e fluxo urinário em cäes, transportando a urina da pelve renal para a bexiga, com objetivo de verificar os efeitos da enervaçäo (periférica, central e bloqueio ganglionar), a açäo das drogas adrenérgicas e medicamentos vasoativos. Concluiu-se que a enervaçäo näo alterou o peristaltismo ureteral, já as drogas adrenérgicas promoveram importantes variaçöes, similares as provocadas por medicamentos vasoativos, sugerindo que no controle do peritaltismo ureteral as mudanças no fluxo urinário säo mais importantes que os efeitos dos medicamentos empregados