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1.
Asian Journal of Andrology ; (6): 60-63, 2020.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1009774

ABSTRACT

The use of artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence has become more prevalent, especially in the "prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-era", when more patients are treated for localized prostate cancer. The first widely accepted device was the AMS 800, but since then, other devices have also entered the market. While efficacy has increased with improvements in technology and technique, and patient satisfaction is high, AUS implantation still has inherent risks and complications of any implant surgery, in addition to the unique challenges of urethral complications that may be associated with the cuff. Furthermore, the unique nature of the AUS, with a control pump, reservoir, balloon cuff, and connecting tubing, means that mechanical complications can also arise from these individual parts. This article aims to present and summarize the current literature on the management of complications of AUS, especially urethral atrophy. We conducted a literature search on PubMed from January 1990 to December 2018 on AUS complications and their management. We review the various potential complications and their management. AUS complications are either mechanical or nonmechanical complications. Mechanical complications usually involve malfunction of the AUS. Nonmechanical complications include infection, urethral atrophy, cuff erosion, and stricture. Challenges exist especially in the management of urethral atrophy, with both tandem implants, transcorporal cuffs, and cuff downsizing all postulated as potential remedies. Although complications from AUS implants are not common, knowledge of the management of these issues are crucial to ensure care for patients with these implants. Further studies are needed to further evaluate these techniques.


Subject(s)
Humans , Atrophy , Postoperative Complications/therapy , Prosthesis Failure , Prosthesis Implantation , Prosthesis-Related Infections/therapy , Urethra/pathology , Urethral Diseases/therapy , Urethral Stricture/surgery , Urinary Incontinence, Stress/surgery , Urinary Sphincter, Artificial
2.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 52(10): e8823, 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1039246

ABSTRACT

This is a case report of lichen planus (LP) with multiple system involvement. A 35-year-old female patient was admitted in November 2014 with a 5-year history of painful/difficult sexual intercourse and loss of oral mucosa, and an 8-year history of focal hair loss. Earlier, the patient had been unable to adhere to corticosteroid therapy because of severe adverse side effects. In September 2014, labia minora mucosa defects and stricture of the urethral orifice (with dysuria), vaginal orifice, and vagina were identified. Biopsy was performed and a diagnosis of erosive LP was made. The patient was treated with an oral immunosuppressant (cyclosporine A) and urethral/vaginal dilatation. Urine flow rate and sex life were improved after 6 months and she discontinued medication. Four years later, the patient reported a good overall treatment efficacy. LP can involve multiple systems and should be considered in patients with dyspareunia. Immunosuppressive agents can achieve a satisfactory effect in patients with contraindication to corticosteroid.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Scalp Dermatoses/diagnosis , Urethral Diseases/diagnosis , Vaginal Diseases/diagnosis , Lichen Planus/diagnosis , Scalp Dermatoses/pathology , Scalp Dermatoses/therapy , Urethral Diseases/pathology , Urethral Diseases/therapy , Vaginal Diseases/pathology , Vaginal Diseases/therapy , Lichen Planus/pathology , Lichen Planus/therapy
3.
Medical Forum Monthly. 2012; 23 (1): 68-70
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-124965

ABSTRACT

To assess the complications of suprapubic cystolitholapaxy as an alternative procedure for bladder stones in pediatric age group. Prospective analystical study. This study was carried out in Department of Urology, University of Medical and health sciences Jamshoro from May 2006 to December 2010. this study consisted of 148 patients admitted though the outpatient department of Liaquat University Hospital Jamshoro/Hyderabad. All patients underwent base line and specific investigations especially ultrasound of abdomen and pelvis as diagnostic modality for assessment of bladder stones. Inclusion criteria were all these patients who after counseling for this study and gave written consent parents. Irrespective of their sex and age < 12 years of age presented with bladder stone of < 3cm. Exclusion criteria included were patients having history of previous surgery, posterior urethral valves, stricture urethra and stone > 3 cm were excluded from the study. Results were prepared with help of tables and graphs. Data was analyzed through SPSS software. 148 patients, 124 [83.78%] were boys and 24 [16.21%] were girls with ratio 5.1:1 respectively. Mean age of the patients was 5.3 years with range from 1 to 11 years. Twelve [8.1%] patients presented with retention of urine due to impacted stone at bladder neck or prostatic urethra while 16 [10.81%] patients had coexisting renal stones. The mean size of the stones was 1.9 cm with range from 1.1 to 2.8 cm. Total operative time ranged from 25 to 40 minutes. Patients were discharged after observing first void on 2[nd] post-operative day 136 [91.89%] while twelve [8.11%] patients required further stay due to either suprapubic urinary leakage in 5[3.37%] or urinary retention in 7[4.72%] patients. Percutaneous suprapubic cystolitholapaxy is safe and cost-effective alternative to open surgery in children with

Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Urinary Bladder Calculi/surgery , Urethral Diseases/therapy , Urinary Retention , Pediatrics
4.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 27(3): 149-154, mar. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-405448

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: avaliar a eficácia, a segurança e os benefícios do uso do cateter de derivação vésico-amniótico no tratamento intra-uterino das uropatias obstrutivas. MÉTODOS: análise retrospectiva dos registros de 35 fetos portadores de uropatia obstrutiva, acompanhados em um centro de Medicina Fetal, no período compreendido entre 1990 e 2004, tratados pela insersão do cateter de derivação vésico-amniótica. As pacientes consentiram em submeter-se ao procedimento. Os casos selecionados seguiram os seguintes critérios de inclusão: gestação única; idade gestacional até 32 semanas; ausência de outras malformações; cariótipo normal; ultra-sonografia mostrando lesão obstrutiva no trato urinário, bilateral ou unilateral com comprometimento do rim contralateral, caracterizando hidronefrose (diâmetro ântero-posterior da pelve maior que 10 mm), associada ou não a megaureter e megabexiga; oligoâmnio, dado por índice de líquido amniótico menor que 8; função renal normal, dada por critério ecográfico (aspecto dos rins à ecografia) e por estudo bioquímico da urina fetal (osmolaridade). Considerou-se normal a osmolaridade de até 210 mOsm como indicativo de função renal preservada. Após o nascimento foram acompanhados pelo setor de Nefrologia Pediátrica do Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG. Os neomortos ou natimortos foram encaminhados para o setor de Anatomia Patológica. Foi realizada análise descritiva dos seguintes parâmetros: diagnóstico pré-natal da uropatia, idade gestacional à insersão do cateter, tempo de permanência do cateter, complicações pós-procedimento, mortalidade perinatal e sobrevida neonatal. RESULTADOS: a válvula de uretra posterior foi a uropatia mais freqüente (62,8 por cento). A idade gestacional média da insersão do cateter foi 26,1 semanas. O tempo médio de permanência do cateter após a colocação até o parto foi de 46 dias (variando entre um e 119 dias). Ocorreram 4 mortes fetais e 17 mortes neonatais (mortalidade perinatal de 60 por cento). A principal causa dos óbi...


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Pregnancy , Humans , Urethral Diseases/therapy , Fetus , Prenatal Diagnosis , Urinary Diversion , Fetal Diseases
5.
Femina ; 31(10): 851-854, nov.-dez. 2003.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-405981

ABSTRACT

Incontinência urinária de esforço (IUE) é conceituada como toda observação de perda involuntária de urina pelo óstio uretral externo, sincrônica ao esforço, espirro ou tosse. (Abrams et al., 2002). Tem causa multifatorial sendo elemento gerador de exclusão social, interferindo na saúde física e mental da paciente e comprometendo sua qualidade de vida. O diagnóstico da enfermidade é essencial, uma vez que a incontinência de esforço pode ser causada por deficiência esfincteriana ou por hipermobilidade da uretra. Sua diferenciação é prioridade antes de se propor tratamento cirúrgico, visto que os procedimentos de colpossuspenção retropúbicos tradicionais podem ter índices de falha de até 35 porcento em pacientes com defeito esfincteriano (Raz et al., 1992). Embora esta classificação permita distinguir duas bases fisiopatológicas distintas, é importante enfatizar que esta divisão não é absoluta. Existe espectro no qual os dois tipos podem co-existir independentemente. O termo "deficiência esfincteriana uretral intrínseca" refere-se ao subtipo de incontinência urinária de esforço causada pela inabilidade do mecanismo esfincteriano uretral em manter a coaptação da mucosa tanto no repouso quanto ao esforço físico. Difere da hipermobilidade do colo vesical por fatores de risco diferentes, maior gravidade dos sintomas e pior resposta ao tratamento (Bump et al., 1997). Esforços têm sido feitos na definição, reconhecimento, demonstração objetiva e manejo da deficiência esfincteriana intrínseca (Blaivas, 1991). Assim, a identificação pré-operatória destas pacientes é parte fundamental da propedêutica uroginecológica para o sucesso cirúrgico


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Urethral Diseases/diagnosis , Urethral Diseases/etiology , Urethral Diseases/physiopathology , Urethral Diseases/therapy , Urinary Incontinence, Stress/diagnosis , Urinary Incontinence, Stress/etiology , Urologic Surgical Procedures
7.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-43485

ABSTRACT

Bladder stones in children have decreased now compared with the previous decade. If we promote good nutrition for children, bladder stones will decrease and might be eradicated in the future. A seminar of doctors and health personnel from 19 hospitals in the north-eastern provinces of Thailand was conducted to survey bladder stones in children by weighting and interviewing bladder stone symptoms then giving supplementary diet milk and vitamins and teaching health education about nutrition and urinary stones through referring children with bladder stones to hospitals in north-eastern Thailand for surgery. The findings of the stone patients from October 1995 to June 1996 from hospitals in northern Thailand were: Total number of patients was 6671 of which 287 patients (4.3%) were 10 years old or younger. Of these children there were 135 renal stone operations (2.0%), 29 ureteric stone operations (0.4%), 106 bladder stone operations (1.6%) and 17 urethral stone operations (0.3%). There were 6384 patients aged more than 10 years. (95.7%) The total number of operations was 5373.


Subject(s)
Humans , Kidney Calculi/therapy , Thailand , Ureteral Calculi/therapy , Urethral Diseases/therapy , Urinary Bladder Calculi/therapy , Urinary Calculi/therapy
8.
Rev. cuba. obstet. ginecol ; 24(3): 151-5, sept.-dic. 1998. graf, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-254812

ABSTRACT

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de un grupo de 9 pacientes con diagnóstico de endometriosis urogenital, atendidos en el Servcio de Urología del Hospital Universitario "General Calixto García" en los años 1990-1995. Éste incluyó: edades, síntomas y signos, hallazgos imagenológicos, tratamiento y evolución. Se observó que la endometriosis se presenta en edades fértiles de la vida, y sus síntomas predominantes son secundarios a la afección de la porción intramural del uréter. El tratamiento quirúrgico se realizó en caso de complicaciones. Es poco frecuente la transformación maligna


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Endometriosis/therapy , Ureteral Diseases/therapy , Urethral Diseases/therapy
10.
Maghreb Medical. 1994; (277): 36-8
in French | IMEMR | ID: emr-33236
11.
New Egyptian Journal of Medicine [The]. 1992; 6 (5): 1589-1592
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-25524

ABSTRACT

A total of seven patients with recurrent anterior urethral strictures were treated by endoscopic implantation of end urethral wallstent prosthesis. The stent is a selfexpanding stainless steel tubular mesh which, when implanted in the urethra, creates an open lumen by pressing against the urethral wall. Patients ages ranged from 28 to 67 years [mean age 47.1 years]. The follow-up period ranged from six to fifteen months [mean nine months]. Peak flow rate improved from 7.5 +/- 2 ml/sec [mean +/- S.D.] preoperatively to 22.6 +/- 6.7 ml/sec [mean +/- S.D.] six months after the procedure. Urethroscopy demonstrated complete epithelial covering of the stent within 6 months. The technique is simple and offers an effective and attractive form of treatment for selected urethral strictures. A longer follow-up is necessary


Subject(s)
Endoscopy/methods , Urethral Diseases/therapy
12.
Rev. paul. med ; 108(5): 230-5, set.-out. 1990.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-92990

ABSTRACT

Os distúrbios do trato urinário na mulher pós-menopausada têm importância por sua alta incidência e pela influência negativa na qualidade de vida dessas mulheres. Os autores fazem uma revisäo sobre a fisiopatologia desses distúrbios, salientando os efeitos significativos da queda dos estrogênios, nesse período da vida, sobre o trato geniturinário inferior. Abordam os aspectos diagnósticos e terapêuticos atuais, da incotinência urinária, das infecçöes da svias urinárias e da síndrome uretral. Enfatizam a importância da estrogenioterapia sistêmica e/ou local, nessas diferentes entidades, lembrando os benefícios e os cuidados com essa modalidade terpaêutica. Tecem ainda consideraçöes acerca do tratamento com antibióticos, com drogas adrenérgicas e/ou anticolinérgicos, do tratamento cirúrgico e das técnicas de reeducaçäo vesical nos casos de instabilidade do músculo detrusor. Recomendam, ainda, que os médicos informem e ofereçam os recursos às suas pacientes, propiciando a cura e/ou melhoria dos sintomas urinários dessas mulheres, com expectativa de vida cada vez mais longa


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Menopause , Estrogens/blood , Urethral Diseases/therapy , Urinary Incontinence/therapy , Estrogens/therapeutic use , Urologic Diseases/physiopathology , Urologic Diseases/therapy , Urinary Tract Infections/therapy
13.
Rev. cuba. cir ; 24(3): 264-70, mayo-jun. 1985.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-40533

ABSTRACT

Se presentan 3 pacientes qu padecen de divertículo uretral femenino, tratadas en nuestro servicio. Se exponen su historia clínica y los estudios complementarios. Se realiza una revisión bibliográfica de la enfermedad destacando la mayor frecuencia de la misma que lo creído habitualmente, así como los criterios de su diagnóstico destacándose la importancia de la presencia de tumoración vaginal que desaparece a la presión, la uretrocistografía con doble balón, todo lo cual está influenciado por el calibre del orificio de comunicación. Se señala la conducta terapéutica más utilizada


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Female , Diverticulum/diagnosis , Urethral Diseases/diagnosis , Diverticulum/therapy , Urethral Diseases/therapy
14.
J. bras. urol ; 6(2): 142-5, abr.-jun. 1980. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-100101

ABSTRACT

Dentre as afecçöes do trato urinário baixo no sexo feminino, a infecçäo urinária recorrente e a síndrome uretral, cujo quadro é semelhante a suas manifestaçöes, porém com uma cultura negativa ou, às vezes, pequienas alteraçöes no sedimento urinário, säo uma patologia freqüente em clínicas especializadas. Säo apresentados pacientes acometidos por estas patologias, métodos de diagnóstico, tratamento clínico e cirúrgico e evoluçäo pós-tratamento no último trênio. A conduta diante das patologias citadas é, até o momento, uma conduta discutida e divergente entre os estudiosos


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Female , Urethral Diseases/therapy , Urinary Tract Infections/epidemiology
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