Estimated cost of overactive bladder in Thailand.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the annual direct and indirect costs of overactive bladder (OAB) in indigenous Thai people aged 18 years and over in the year 2005. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Economically based models using diagnostic and treatment algorithms from clinical practice guidelines and current disease prevalence data were used to estimate direct and indirect costs of OAB. Prevalence and event probability estimates were obtained from the literature, national data sets, and expert opinion. Costs were estimated from a small survey using a cost questionnaire and from unit costs of King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. RESULTS: The annual cost of OAB in Thailand is estimated as 1.9 billion USD. It is estimated to consume 1.14% of national GDP The cost includes 0.33 billion USD for direct medical costs, 1.3 billion USD for direct, nonmedical costs and 0.29 billion USD for indirect costs of lost productivity. The largest costs category was direct treatment costs of comorbidities associated with OAB. Costs of OAB medication accountedfor 14% of the total costs ofOAB.

Estimating the annual cost of overactive bladder in Indonesia.

AIM: to estimate the annual economic cost and quality of life related to OAB in Indonesia population by taking into account the direct cost, value of lost productivity and cost consequences associated with OAB. METHODS: cross sectional study was done in Geriatric Clinic and Urogynaecology Clinic in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta from July 2005 to March 2006. Primary outcome of this study was annual cost of OAB, symptom and quality of life of OAB patients. Cost data related to personal routine care of OAB and transportation expenditures were obtained by using questionnaires modified from Dowell Bryant incontinence cost index validated questioner. Data related to quality of life were obtained by OAB-q questioner. Subjects included 30 male and female OAB patients aged 18-100 years. RESULTS: most of patients were female (96.7%). Median of age was 62.5 (30-93) years old, 56.7% patients were elderly (age more than 60 years). Median of total annual cost of OAB was Rp. 2,850,000,-. Median of total personal cost which consist of routine personal care costs and treatment costs were Rp. 2,850,000. Median of total cost which is expended by government for routine personal and treatment of OAB was Rp.2,500,000,- . Median score of symptom severity was 62.5. Quality of life score was divided into coping, concern, sleep, and social item. Median of coping score was 50.0, concern score was 43.1, sleep score was 50.8, and social score was 38.8. Median of total quality of life score was 44.7. Maximum score of symptom severity and quality of life should be 98.8. The higher the score, the more severe the symptom, but the better is the quality of life. CONCLUSION: total annual cost of OAB was Rp. 2,850,000, Quality of life of OAB patient was somewhat poor.