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1.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 31(3): 206-212, Mar. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-582681

ABSTRACT

Diversos fatores podem contribuir para a formação de cálculos urinários, dentre estes, o desequilíbrio nutricional e a dureza da água consumida pelos ruminantes. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as características de propriedades que predispõem à urolitíase, através da avaliação da água, da dieta e determinações séricas e urinárias de cálcio, fósforo, magnésio, cloretos, sódio, potássio, cálculo da excreção fracionada (EF) dos eletrólitos, e da creatinina, proteína total, albumina e globulinas séricas. Foram colhidas amostras de sangue e urina de bovinos, Guzerá, criados semi intensivamente, distribuídos por dois grupos. O primeiro denominado grupo urolitíase (Gu), composto de animais com histórico, sinais clínicos e confirmação ultrassonográfica que apresentavam urolitíase; o segundo: grupo controle (Gc), sem histórico, nem sintomas da doença. Os bovinos do grupo urolitíase consumiam água com dureza total na concentração de 166,0mg CaCO3/L. A dieta dos animais do Gu apresentava maior concentração de fósforo e relação Ca:P inadequada. Os teores de fósforo sérico e urinário dos animais do Gu foram maiores do que os do Gc, assim como a concentração sérica de magnésio (p<0,05). Não houve aumento nas concentrações de creatinina no grupo urolitíase, mas ocorreu hipoproteinemia por hipoglobulinemia (p<0,05). As EFs de cálcio, fósforo e sódio não diferiram entre os grupos (p>0,05), mas houve diminuição significativa nas EFs de magnésio, cloretos e de potássio do grupo urolitíase (p<0,05). A união destes fatores contribuiu para a ocorrência da urolitíase, sendo dureza total da água e a alta concentração de fósforo na dieta os principais fatores na gênese dos cálculos em bovinos.


Many factors can contribute to the formation of urinary calculi, amongst these, the nutritional imbalances and the hardness of the water consumed by ruminants. The objective of this study was to identify the characteristics of properties which predispose to urolithiasis, through the evaluation in rural properties of the water, diet, and serum and urinary determinations of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, chlorides, sodium, potassium, calculation of the fractional electrolyte excretion (FE), and creatinine, total protein serum levels, albumin and globulins. Samples of blood and urine of bovines, Guzerá, reared semi intensively, distributed for two groups, the first one, called urolithiasis group (Gu), composed by animals with history, clinical signals and ultrasonography confirmation of urolithiasis; the second one: controlled group (Gc), without history, nor signs of the illness. The bovines of the urolithiasis group consumed water with total hardness in the concentration of 166.0mg CaCO3/ L. The diet of the animals of the Gu presented greater phosphorus concentration and inadequate Ca:P relation. The levels of serum and urinary phosphorus of the animals of the Gu were higher of the Gc, as well as the serum magnesium concentration (p<0,05). The creatinine concentrations didn’t have an increase in the urolithiasis group, but occurred hypoproteinemia for hypoglobulinemia in the Gu (p<0,05). The FEs of calcium, phosphorus and sodium had not differed between the groups (p>0,05), but had significant reduction in the FEs of magnesium, chlorides and potassium of the urolithiasis group (p<0.05). The union of these factors contributed for urolithiasis occurrence, being the total hardness of the water and the high phosphorus diet concentration the major factors in genesis of the calculations in bovines.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle/classification , Urinary Bladder Calculi/veterinary , Water/analysis , Phosphorus/analysis , Magnesium/analysis
2.
Rev. cient. (Maracaibo) ; 18(4): 358-367, jul.-ago. 2008. ilus, tab, mapas
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-548622

ABSTRACT

Fue realizada una investigación documental a 63 propietarios y gerentes de explotaciones bovinas con antecedentes de intoxicación animal por ingestión de genotipos del Pteridium de los municipios Sapopema y São Jerónimo da Serra en el estado de Paraná, Brasil, con la finalidad de conocer, evaluar y analizar las actitudes, comportamientos y nivel de conocimientos de los productores rurales en relación a los síndromes crónicos de la toxicosis y la maleza, a propósito de diseñar estrategias dirigidas a minorizar las pérdidas económicas y viabilizar la permanencia del hombre en esas áreas geográficas. El 1,6 por ciento de los animales de las fincas visitadas presentaron episodios clínicos de la toxicosis, siendo las hembras con edades de 2 a 5 años las más afectadas. De los animales clínicamente enfermos 96,1 por ciento presentaron signos de hematuria enzoótica bovina (HEB), incluso animales menores a los dos años de edad; y, 3,9 por ciento fueron identificados con síndrome digestivo anterior (SDA). El 10,3 por ciento de los productores entrevistados reconoció que regularmente ordeñan a las vacas con HEB, lo cual junto a otros factores evidenciados, se traduce en un alerta en materia de salud humana. El 61,9 por ciento de los propietarios intentan algún tipo de paliativo, en la creencia de lograr la recuperación de los animales afectados para después venderlos. Por otro lado, se determinó que no se hacen importantes reformas dirigidas al establecimiento y mejoramiento de campos de pastoreo, ni se establecen estrategias de alimentación suplementarias, pese a que la intoxicación preocupa a los propietarios rurales por sus graves consecuencias económicas, aunque declaran desconocer las repercusiones para la salud pública. Tal comportamiento obedece a razones culturales, desinformación y limitaciones financieras.


A documental research of 63 livestock owners and managers with chronic poisoning by Pteridium’ genotypes of the Municipalities of Sapopema and Sâo Jerónimo da Serra, Paraná State, Brazil, was carried out with the purpose of evaluating the attitudes, behavior and knowledge level of rural producers of the chronic toxicosis and weed syndromes, in order to design strategies focused minimizing on economical features in those geographical areas. In the farms visited, the 1.6% of the animals showed clinical sings of the losses, being females 3 to 5 years old the most affected. Of the clinically sick animals, 96.1% showed bovine enzootic hematuria (BEH) symptoms, including animals not older than 2 years old and 3.9% were identified with upper alimentary syndrome (UAS). The 10.3% of producers admitted that cows with BEH were regularly milked. This and other observed facts were a cause of growing concern in public health issues. 61.9% of the owners used various paliatives because hey have strong believes in recovering the affected animals and selling them, because they have strong believes in recovering the affected animals and selling them afterwards. On the other hand, it is clear that important reforms heading to the establishment and improvement of the pasturing fields are absent, for strategies of supplementary feeding are not being planned, although rural owners are concern about poisoning because of its serious economic consequences, effects on public health, not with standing. Such behavior obeys to cultural reasons, lack of information and financial conditions. This compromising result require the urgent intervention of the public sector to adopt educative actions that can modify in an effective way the today’s behavior and also begin an integrated program to control the problematic situation.


Subject(s)
Animals , Urinary Bladder Calculi/veterinary , Foodborne Diseases/epidemiology , Foodborne Diseases/veterinary , Digestive System Diseases/veterinary , Hematuria/veterinary , Pteridium/adverse effects , Veterinary Medicine
3.
Vet. Méx ; 27(1): 41-8, ene.-mar. 1996. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-208031

ABSTRACT

La litotripsia extracorporal por ondas de choque ha sido usada con éxito para fragmentar cálculos renales y ureterales en humanos desde 1980. En este artículo se informa de un tratamiento de litotripsia estracorporal en un perro con un cálculo no inducido implantado en la vejiga, usando un generador de ondas de choque experimental hecho en el país. Después de dos tratamientos el perro eliminó todos los fragmentos y las arenillas del cálculo. Este artículo puede representar la base para el desarrollo de la litrotipsia extracorporal para animales usando equipos relativamente baratos y fáciles de construir


Subject(s)
Dogs , Animals , Lithotripsy/veterinary , Dog Diseases/therapy , Ampicillin , Acetaminophen , Urinary Bladder Calculi/veterinary , Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination/administration & dosage
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