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1.
An. bras. dermatol ; 89(6): 985-987, Nov-Dec/2014. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-727625

ABSTRACT

Herpes zoster-associated urinary retention is an uncommon event related to virus infection of the S2-S4 dermatome. The possible major reasons are ipsilateral hemicystitis, neuritis-induced or myelitis-associated virus infection. We report a case of a 65-year-old immunocompetent female patient who presented an acute urinary retention after four days under treatment with valacyclovir for gluteal herpes zoster. The patient had to use a vesical catheter, was treated with antibiotics and corticosteroids and fully recovered after eight weeks.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Exanthema/virology , Herpes Zoster/complications , Immunocompetence , Urinary Retention/virology , Acyclovir/analogs & derivatives , Acyclovir/therapeutic use , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Exanthema/drug therapy , Herpes Zoster/drug therapy , Herpes Zoster/immunology , Immunocompetence/immunology , Treatment Outcome , Valine/analogs & derivatives , Valine/therapeutic use
2.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 25(5): 390-394, oct. 2008. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-495874

ABSTRACT

Dealing with varicella often causes doubts to general practitioners and pediatricians. In this article the author summaries guidelines based on solid evidence to treat varicella and prevent the disease in susceptible contacts in different clinical scenarios and presents his personal point of view in those controversial aspects commonly resolved by the authorized opinión of experts.


El manejo de la varicela despierta, con alta frecuencia, dudas en los médicos generales y pediatras. En este artículo, el autor resume aquellas recomendaciones basadas en sólida evidencia, para tratar la varicela y prevenir la enfermedad en los contactos susceptibles de un caso índice, en diferentes situaciones clínicas. Además emite su personal punto de vista en aquellos aspectos que despiertan controversia y comúnmente son resueltos en base a la opinión de reconocidos expertos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Chickenpox/therapy , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Acyclovir/analogs & derivatives , Acyclovir/therapeutic use , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Contact Tracing , Chickenpox/prevention & control , Chickenpox/transmission , Environmental Exposure , Evidence-Based Medicine , Risk Factors , Valine/analogs & derivatives , Valine/therapeutic use
3.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 73(6): 402-405, 2008.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-549997

ABSTRACT

La infección por citomegalovirus es la infección congénita más frecuente, presentando morbimortalidad perinatal y secuela neurológica tanto en primoinfección como en reactivación durante el embarazo. Se presenta el caso de una embarazada con lupus eritematoso sistémico, en tratamiento inmunosupresor, que presentó reactivación de infección por citomegalovirus. Se discuten los mecanismos de transmisión y de diagnóstico prenatal, así como nuevas alternativas terapéuticas in útero.


Cytomegalovirus infection is the most common congenital infection, causing perinatal morbidity and neurological sequel in both primary infection and reactivation during pregnancy. A case of a pregnant woman with lupus, in immunosuppressive therapy that suffered reactivation of the cytomegalovirus infection is presented. We discuss the mechanisms of transmission and prenatal diagnosis, as well as new therapeutic alternatives wail in uterus.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/etiology , Cytomegalovirus Infections/diagnosis , Cytomegalovirus Infections/pathology , Cytomegalovirus Infections/drug therapy , Acyclovir/analogs & derivatives , Acyclovir/therapeutic use , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Cytomegalovirus Infections/transmission , Pregnancy Outcome , Pregnancy Trimester, Third , Prenatal Diagnosis , Recurrence , Valine/analogs & derivatives , Valine/therapeutic use
4.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 24(2): 106-110, abr. 2007. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-471959

ABSTRACT

Medical prescription errors are frequent in community settings and information exploring its magnitude during antiviral treatment of herpes zoster is scarce. A questionnaire was applied to 31 physicians working in hospital- or community-based settings in Santiago, Chile in order to characterize their dosing and timing preferences for aciclovir or valaciclovir prescriptions. Aciclovir was more often prescribed than valaciclovir (71.9 and 28.1 percent, respectively), but less than a third of prescription (27.3 percent) fulfilled the minimal aciclovir dosing and timing criteria for clinical efficacy (4 gr per day and < 72 hours since rash initiaton). The limited size of the simple prevented exploring factors linked to a misleading prescription. Appropriate knowledge on dosing and timing of aciclovir/valaciclovir therapy for herpes zoster was infrequent in a sample of physicians working in various clinical settings in Chile.


Los errores en la prescripción de medicamentos son frecuentes en escenarios ambulatorios y no hay información disponible sobre el uso de antivirales en el tratamiento del herpes zoster. Para conocer la dosis y oportunidad en la prescripción de aciclovir o valaciclovir se aplicó un cuestionario a 31 médicos que trabajan en hospitales o sitios de atención primaria en Santiago y que declararon haber atendido este tipo de pacientes. El compuesto aciclovir fue más indicado que valaciclovir (71,9 vs 28,1 por ciento) pero menos de un tercio de las prescripciones (27,3 por ciento) cumplieron simultáneamente con una dosis mínima (4 g/día) y ventanas de tiempo apropiadas de aciclovir (hasta 72 horas del rash). El reducido tamaño de la muestra impidió efectuar un análisis de los factores ligados a este fenómeno. El conocimiento apropiado sobre dosis y oportunidad de aciclovir o valaciclovir fue infrecuente en un grupo de médicos que declararon atender pacientes con herpes zoster en Santiago.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Acyclovir/analogs & derivatives , Acyclovir/therapeutic use , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Herpes Zoster/drug therapy , Medication Errors/statistics & numerical data , Valine/analogs & derivatives , Acyclovir/administration & dosage , Surveys and Questionnaires , Valine/administration & dosage , Valine/therapeutic use
5.
Acta gastroenterol. latinoam ; 36(2): 76-80, jun. 2006. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-440722

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: estudiar en grupos aleatorios de ratas Wistar el efecto antiinflamatorio y citoprotector gástrico de los antagonistas de los receptores AT 1 de la angiotensina II como candesartan, losartan y valsartan. Material y métodos: los animales fueron asignados en forma aleatoria a recibir: 1) etanol al 96% intragástrico 2) indometacina oral, 3) una comida sólida (pellets) durante dos horas e indometacina subcutánea (producción de úlceras del antro gástrico), 4) el edema plantar por carragenina. Resultados: los tres antagonistas de los receptores AT 1 de la angiotensina II dieron citoprotección gástrica ante el etanol 96º, con protección casi total de la mucosa gastrointestinal ante la indometacina oral, impidieron la producción de úlceras del antro gástrico inducidas por indometacina subcutánea, dando marcada respuesta antiinflamatoria ante el infiltrado de neutrófilos en la mucosa gastrointestinal (MPO), y tuvieron efecto antiinflamatorio en el modelo del edema plantar por carragenina. Conclusiones: los antagonistas de los receptores AT 1 de la angiotensinaII tienen un efecto citoprotector gástrico y antiinflamatorio.


Background: The antiinflammatory and gastric cytoprotector effect of angiotensin II AT1 receptor antagonist, such as candesartan, losartan and valsartan was studied. Material and methods: Wistar rats were ramdomly assigned to receive: 1) 96º ethanol; 2) oral indometacin, 3) solid food (pellets) during two hours and subcutaneous indometacin (production of ulcers in the gastric antrum), 4) Carrageen footpad edema. Results: The three AT1 receptor angiotensin antagonists yielded gastric cytoprotection against 96° ethanol, almost total gastrointestinal protection against oral indometacin, prevented gastric ulcers formation in the antrum induced by subcutaneous indometacin, remarkable antiinflammatory response against neutrophil infiltration on the gastrointestinal mucosa, and anti-inflammatory effect in carrageen footpad edema. Conclusions: The AT1 receptor antagonists of angiotensin II are gastric cytiprotectors with a remarkable antiinflammatory effect.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers/therapeutic use , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Edema/drug therapy , Gastric Mucosa/drug effects , Stomach Ulcer/prevention & control , Benzimidazoles/therapeutic use , Carrageenan/therapeutic use , Disease Models, Animal , Gastric Mucosa/pathology , Indomethacin/therapeutic use , Losartan/therapeutic use , Rats, Wistar , Tetrazoles/therapeutic use , Valine/analogs & derivatives , Valine/therapeutic use
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