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1.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 79(2): 185-190, jun. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1014436

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La insuficiencia velofaríngea (IVF) corresponde a cualquier defecto estructural del paladar blando o de las paredes de la faringe, caracterizado por la ausencia de tejido suficiente para lograr un cierre adecuado del mecanismo velofaríngeo durante el habla, lo que genera resonancia hipernasal y emisión nasal. En los casos de fisura con compromiso de paladar, el tratamiento para corregir la IVF puede ser quirúrgico o protésico, acompañado de intervención fonoaudiológica, pues la corrección física no elimina las alteraciones funcionales. Se presentan los resultados de habla obtenidos en un adulto hablante chileno diagnosticado con IVF secundaria a fisura palatina, rehabilitado en Fundación Gantz con prótesis de paladar obturadora y tratamiento fonoaudiológico. La evaluación mediante análisis perceptivo auditivo y nasometría evidencia una mejora del mecanismo velofaríngeo durante el habla.


ABSTRACT The velopharyngeal insufficiency (IVF) corresponds to any structural defect of the soft palate or the walls of the pharynx, where there is not enough tissue to achieve an adequate closure of the velopharyngeal mechanism during speech, generating hypernasal resonance and nasal emission. In cases of cleft palate, the treatment to correct IVF may be surgical or prosthetic, accompanied by speech therapy. The speech results obtained in a native speaker of Chilean Spanish diagnosed with IVF secondary to cleft palate, rehabilitated in Fundación Gantz with a palatal obturator (speech bulb) and speech therapy are presented. The evaluation by auditory perceptual analysis and nasometry show an improvement of the velopharyngeal mechanism during speech.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Young Adult , Prostheses and Implants , Speech/physiology , Velopharyngeal Insufficiency/etiology , Velopharyngeal Insufficiency/rehabilitation , Palatal Obturators , Auditory Perception , Cleft Palate/complications , Treatment Outcome
2.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 33(2): 196-203, abr.-jun. 2018. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-909405

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O retalho miomucoso de músculo bucinador, descrito em 1989, pode ser utilizado para corrigir fístulas palatinas, fissuras com alongamento do palato mole ou cobrir áreas cruentas após ressecções de tumores. Métodos: Trata-se da análise do resultado após 27 anos de 6 casos de pacientes operados no Hospital de Base e na Santa Casa de São José do Rio Preto, no período de 1984 a 1989, e reavaliados em 2016, nos quais foram realizados retalhos miomucosos de bucinador para correção de fissura palatina. Resultados: Dos 36 casos operados, 6 foram reavaliados após 27 anos, dos quais 5 trataram-se de correção primária e 1 de correção secundária (fístula após fechamento de fissura palatina). Todos os casos obtiveram resultados satisfatórios no crescimento maxilar, na correção da fistula palatina e na função da fala. Conclusão: Apesar de estatisticamente não significativo, o presente estudo demonstrou que o retalho miomucoso de músculo bucinador para correção e alongamento do palato é um procedimento adequado, com resultados de crescimento maxilar normal ou próximo disso e fala praticamente normal, mesmo sem adequado tratamento fonoaudiológico.


Introduction: The buccal musculo-mucosal patch, described in 1989, can be used to correct palatine fistulas and fissures with stretching of the soft palate, or to cover bloody areas after tumor resection. Methods: This is an analysis of the 27-year postoperative results for 6 patients who underwent operation at Base Hospital and Santa Casa de São José do Rio Preto between 1984 and 1989, and reassessed in 2016, when a myo-buccinator mucosa was used for cleft palate correction. Results: Of the 36 operated cases, 6 were reevaluated after 27 years, of which 5 had primary correction and 1 had a secondary correction (fistula after cleft palate closure). All the cases had satisfactory results in terms of maxillary growth, correction of the palatine fistula, and speech function. Conclusion: Although not statistically significant, the present study demonstrated that the buccal musculo-mucosal flap is an adequate procedure for correction and stretching of the palate, with normal or near-normal maxillary growth and practically normal speech even without adequate phono-audiological treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , History, 21st Century , Palate, Soft , Surgical Flaps , Velopharyngeal Insufficiency , Cleft Lip , Cleft Palate , Oral Surgical Procedures , Fistula , Palate, Soft/anatomy & histology , Palate, Soft/abnormalities , Palate, Soft/surgery , Surgical Procedures, Operative/adverse effects , Surgical Flaps/surgery , Velopharyngeal Insufficiency/surgery , Velopharyngeal Insufficiency/complications , Velopharyngeal Insufficiency/rehabilitation , Cleft Lip/surgery , Cleft Lip/complications , Cleft Palate/surgery , Oral Surgical Procedures/methods , Fistula/surgery , Fistula/complications , Fistula/rehabilitation
3.
CoDAS ; 28(3): 289-294, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-788076

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar a influência do tipo de amostra de fala, conversa espontânea ou repetição de sentenças, sobre o índice de concordância intra e interavaliadores obtido na classificação perceptiva da hipernasalidade. Métodos Foram selecionadas e editadas 120 amostras de fala gravadas em áudio (60 contendo trechos de conversa espontânea e 60 contendo repetição de sentenças) de indivíduos com fissura de palato±lábio reparada, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 6 e 52 anos (média=21±10 anos). Três fonoaudiólogas experientes, utilizando seus critérios internos, classificaram a hipernasalidade em escala de 4 pontos: 1=ausente, 2=leve, 3=moderada e 4=grave, primeiramente na amostra de conversa espontânea e, 30 dias depois, na repetição de sentenças. Os índices de concordância intra e interavaliadores foram estabelecidos para ambos os tipos de amostra de fala e comparados entre si por meio do Teste Z com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados A comparação dos índices de concordância intra-avaliadores entre os dois tipos de amostra de fala mostrou aumento dos coeficientes obtidos na análise da repetição de sentenças em relação aos obtidos na conversa espontânea, já a comparação entre os índices de concordância interavaliadores não mostrou diferença significante entre as três avaliadoras para os dois tipos de amostras de fala. Conclusão A repetição de sentenças favoreceu a confiabilidade do julgamento perceptivo da hipernasalidade de um mesmo avaliador, visto que a concordância intra-avaliadores na análise desta amostra de fala foi maior. No entanto, o tipo de amostra de fala não influenciou a concordância entre diferentes avaliadores.


ABSTRACT Purpose To investigate the influence of speech sample of spontaneous conversation or sentences repetition on intra and inter-rater hypernasality reliability. Methods One hundred and twenty audio recorded speech samples (60 containing spontaneous conversation and 60 containing repeated sentences) of individuals with repaired cleft palate±lip, both genders, aged between 6 and 52 years old (mean=21±10) were selected and edited. Three experienced speech and language pathologists rated hypernasality according to their own criteria using 4-point scale: 1=absence of hypernasality, 2=mild hypernasality, 3=moderate hypernasality and 4=severe hypernasality, first in spontaneous speech samples and 30 days after, in sentences repetition samples. Intra- and inter-rater agreements were calculated for both speech samples and were statistically compared by the Z test at a significance level of 5%. Results Comparison of intra-rater agreements between both speech samples showed an increase of the coefficients obtained in the analysis of sentences repetition compared to those obtained in spontaneous conversation. Comparison between inter-rater agreement showed no significant difference among the three raters for the two speech samples. Conclusion Sentences repetition improved intra-raters reliability of perceptual judgment of hypernasality. However, the speech sample had no influence on reliability among different raters.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Speech/physiology , Speech Perception , Speech Production Measurement/standards , Velopharyngeal Insufficiency/surgery , Cleft Palate/surgery , Speech Disorders/diagnosis , Velopharyngeal Insufficiency/rehabilitation , Observer Variation , Cleft Palate/rehabilitation , Middle Aged
4.
J. appl. oral sci ; 19(6): 616-622, Nov.-Dec. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-610876

ABSTRACT

The use of prosthetic devices for correction of velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) is an alternative treatment for patients with conditions that preclude surgery and for those individuals with a hypofunctional velopharynx (HV) with a poor prognosis for the surgical repair of VPI. Understanding the role and measuring the outcome of prosthetic treatment of velopharyngeal dysfunction requires the use of tools that allow for documenting pre- and post-treatment outcomes. Experimental openings in speech bulbs have been used for simulating VPI in studies documenting changes in aerodynamic, acoustic and kinematics aspects of speech associated with the use of palatal prosthetic devices. The use of nasometry to document changes in speech associated with experimental openings in speech bulbs, however, has not been described in the literature. Objective: This single-subject study investigated nasalance and nasality at the presence of experimental openings drilled through the speech bulb of a patient with HV. Material and Methods: Nasometric recordings of the word "pato" were obtained under 4 velopharyngeal conditions: no-opening (control condition), no speech bulb, speech bulb with a 20 mm² opening, and speech bulb with 30 mm² opening. Five speech-language pathologists performed auditory-perceptual ratings while the subject read an oral passage under all conditions. Results: Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant difference among conditions (p=0.0002), with Scheffé post hoc test indicating difference from the no-opening condition. Conclusion: The changes in nasalance observed after drilling holes of known sizes in a speech bulb suggest that nasometry reflect changes in transfer of sound energy related to different sizes of velopharyngeal opening.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Cleft Palate/rehabilitation , Palatal Obturators , Palate , Speech/physiology , Velopharyngeal Insufficiency/rehabilitation , Cleft Palate/physiopathology , Nasal Cavity/physiopathology , Phonetics , Prosthesis Design/methods , Reference Values , Treatment Outcome , Velopharyngeal Insufficiency/physiopathology , Voice Quality/physiology
5.
In. Barros, Ana Paula Brandäo; Arakawa, Lica; Tonini, Monique Donata; Carvalho, Viviane Alves de. Fonoaudiologia em cancerologia. Säo Paulo, Fundaçäo Oncocentro, 2000. p.93-8.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-281509
6.
An. otorrinolaringol. mex ; 40(1): 36-9, dic.-feb. 1995.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-149518

ABSTRACT

El resultado final del tratamiento de pacientes con paladar hendido depende principalmente de dos elementos; la normalización de la resonancia nasal y la corrección de la articulación compensatoria. El propósito de este estudió es demostrar si la corrección quirúrgica de la insuficiencia velofaríngea efectuada tempranamente, es capaz de reducir el tiempo total de terapia de articulación que estos pacientes requieren. Se seleccionaron 25 casos de paladar hendido. Diez pacientes fueron seleccionados aleatoriamente, y fueron sometidos a corrección quirúrgica de la insuficiencia velofáringea tan pronto como el punto y modo de articulación durante la producción de fonemas aislados hubiera sido corregida. El procedimiento quirúrgico empleado en todos los casos fue colgajo faríngeo diseñado específicamente a los hallazgos de la visualización directa del esfínter velofaríngeo de cada paciente mediante videonasofaringoscopía y videofluoroscopía de incidencia múltiple. Los otros 15 pacientes recibieron terapia de articulación encaminada a corregir la articulación compensatoria y fueron seguidos hasta que la articulación fuera normal durante la producción de habla espóntanea-conectada y hasta este momento fueron sometidos a corrección quirúrgica de la insuficiencia velofáringea después de la operación no varió significativamente en ambos grupos (93 por ciento). No existió diferencia significativa en el tiempo total de terapia de articulación de ambos grupos. Se concluye que la normalización de la resonancia nasal antes de que la articulación sea completamente corregida durante la producción de habla espóntanea-conectada no parece reducir el tiempo tal de terapia de articulación necesario para corregir la articulación compensatoria de pacientes con paladar hendido e insuficiencia velofáringea


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Child , Humans , Male , Female , Cleft Palate/surgery , Cleft Palate/therapy , Velopharyngeal Insufficiency/surgery , Velopharyngeal Insufficiency/rehabilitation , Rehabilitation of Speech and Language Disorders
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