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1.
s.l; Organización Panamericana de la Salud; ago. 11, 2020. 32 p.
Non-conventional in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1117100

ABSTRACT

A la fecha, se reportan 22.450 pacientes (29,4%) en aislamiento domiciliario, 1.669 pacientes (2,2%) se encuentran hospitalizados (1.509 en sala general y 160 en Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo -UCI). Se informan 50.665 casos (66,3%) como recuperados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , Ventilators, Mechanical/statistics & numerical data , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Pandemics/statistics & numerical data , Betacoronavirus , Hospital Bed Capacity/statistics & numerical data , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data , Panama/epidemiology
2.
Rev. SOBECC ; 19(2): 87-91, abr.-jun. 2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-723602

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: buscar as evidências do processamento de artigos de terapia ventilatória nas publicações nacionais de Enfermagem. Método: estudo de levantamento bibliográfico, com recorte temporal de dez anos, nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE, BDENF e SCIELO, em que foram analisados seis artigos científicos e 12 manuais técnicos. Resultados: tanto a literatura nacional quanto os manuais técnicos publicados recomendam, para o processamento dos artigos de assistência ventilatória, a realização da limpeza, seguida da desinfecção de alto nível pelo calor úmido em temperaturas superiores a 70 graus C, pelo período de 30 minutos; a esterilização a vapor saturada sob pressão para os artigos termorresistentes ou a esterilização à baixa temperatura para os artigos termossensíveis. Conclusão: dado o número reduzido de publicações sobre o tema, as informações colhidas nos revelam a necessidade de um melhor controle dos processos de limpeza e termodesinfecção, uma vez que as tecnologias disponíveis nos permitem chegar a um índice relevante no impacto da qualidade e da segurança do material processado.


Subject(s)
Humans , Databases as Topic/statistics & numerical data , Disinfection/statistics & numerical data , Disinfection/trends , Sterilization/statistics & numerical data , Ventilators, Mechanical/statistics & numerical data
3.
Yonsei Medical Journal ; : 1729-1735, 2014.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-180221

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To survey the use of invasive and noninvasive home mechanical ventilation (HMV) methods in South Korea from the perspective of physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R). MATERIALS AND METHODS: For 413 users of HMV, retrospective reviews of PM&R interventions and survey of HMV methods employed from Mar 2000 to Dec 2009. RESULTS: Of the 413 users, the majority of whom with progressive neuromuscular disorders (NMDs) (n=358), 284 patients initially used noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV), while 63 others who were using tracheostomy mechanical ventilation switched to NIV as part of their rehabilitation. The NMD patients began HMV at an earlier age (34.9+/-20.3 yrs), and used for longer (14.7+/-7.5) hours than patients with non-neuromuscular causes of respiratory impairment. CONCLUSION: Noninvasive management was preferred over invasive ones, and transition to the former was a result of PM&R interventions.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Health Care Surveys , Home Care Services/statistics & numerical data , Muscular Dystrophies/therapy , Neuromuscular Diseases/therapy , Republic of Korea , Respiration, Artificial/statistics & numerical data , Retrospective Studies , Ventilators, Mechanical/statistics & numerical data
4.
J. bras. pneumol ; 39(5): 595-603, Sep-Oct/2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-695172

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of manual resuscitators (MRs) used in Brazil in accordance with international standards. METHODS: Using a respiratory system simulator, four volunteer physiotherapists employed eight MRs (five produced in Brazil and three produced abroad), which were tested for inspiratory and expiratory resistance of the patient valve; functioning of the pressure-limiting valve; and tidal volume (VT) generated when the one-handed and two-handed techniques were used. The tests were performed and analyzed in accordance with the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) F920-93 criteria. RESULTS: Expiratory resistance was greater than 6 cmH2O . L−1 . s−1 in only one MR. The pressure-limiting valve, a feature of five of the MRs, opened at low pressures (< 17 cmH2O), and the maximal pressure was 32.0-55.9 cmH2O. Mean VT varied greatly among the MRs tested. The mean VT values generated with the one-handed technique were lower than the 600 mL recommended by the ASTM. In the situations studied, mean VT was generally lower from the Brazilian-made MRs that had a pressure-limiting valve. CONCLUSIONS: The resistances imposed by the patient valve met the ASTM criteria in all but one of the MRs tested. The pressure-limiting valves of the Brazilian-made MRs usually opened at low pressures, providing lower VT values in the situations studied, especially when the one-handed technique was used, suggesting that both hands should be used and that the pressure-limiting valve should be closed whenever possible. .


OBJETIVO: Avaliar o desempenho de reanimadores manuais (RMs) utilizados no Brasil conforme critérios definidos por uma norma internacional. MÉTODOS: Utilizando um simulador do sistema respiratório, oito RMs manuais (cinco produzidos no Brasil e três importados) foram avaliados em relação a resistência inspiratória e expiratória da válvula para o paciente; funcionamento da válvula limitadora de pressão; e volume corrente (VT) gerado por quatro fisioterapeutas voluntários, utilizando uma ou duas mãos. Para a realização e análise dos testes, foram utilizados critérios sugeridos pela norma da American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) F920-93. RESULTADOS: A resistência expiratória foi superior a 6 cmH2O . L−1 . s−1 em apenas um dos RMs testados. A válvula limitadora de pressão, presente em cinco RMs, abriu em baixas pressões (< 17 cmH2O), e a pressão máxima variou de 32,0-55,9 cmH2O. Houve grande variação da média de VT obtido pelos diferentes RMs. Os valores médios de VT utilizando uma mão foram inferiores ao sugerido pela ASTM (600 mL). O VT médio, nas situações estudadas, foi geralmente menor nos RMs nacionais com válvula limitadora de pressão. CONCLUSÕES: As resistências impostas pela válvula do paciente estão de acordo com os critérios da ASTM, com exceção de um RM. As válvulas limitadoras de pressão dos RMs nacionais geralmente abrem em baixas pressões, determinando o fornecimento de um menor VT nas situações estudadas, principalmente com o uso de uma mão, o que sugere que a ventilação deva ser feita com as duas mãos e a válvula limitadora de pressão deva ser fechada sempre que possível. .


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Intensive Care Units , Resuscitation/instrumentation , Ventilators, Mechanical/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Comparative Effectiveness Research/methods , Computer Simulation/standards , Observer Variation , Respiratory Mechanics/physiology , Tidal Volume , Ventilators, Mechanical/standards
5.
Journal of Infection and Public Health. 2013; 6 (2): 98-107
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-142706

ABSTRACT

This study sought to assess the effect of the multidimensional approach developed by the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium [INICC] on the reduction of ventilator-associated pneumonia [VAP] rates in patients hospitalized in an adult intensive care unit [AICU] in an INICC member hospital in Havana, Cuba. We conducted a prospective surveillance pre-post study in AICU patients. The study was divided into two periods: baseline and intervention. During the baseline period, we conducted active prospective surveillance of VAP using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] National Health Safety Network [NHSN] definition and INICC methods. During the intervention period, we implemented the INICC multidimensional approach for VAP, in addition to performing active surveillance. This multidimensional approach included the following measures: a bundle of infection control interventions, education, outcome surveillance, process surveillance, feedback of VAP rates and performance feedback of infection control practices. The baseline rates of VAP were compared to the rates obtained after intervention, and we analyzed the impact of our interventions by Poisson regression. During the baseline period, we recorded 114 mechanical ventilator [MV] days, whereas we recorded 2350 MV days during the intervention period. The baseline rate of VAP was 52.63 per 1000 MV days and 15.32 per 1000 MV days during the intervention. At the end of the study period, we achieved a 70% reduction in the rate of VAP [RR, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.12-0.7; P value, 0.003.]. The implementation the INICC multidimensional approach for VAP was associated with a significant reduction in the VAP rate in the participating AICU of Cuba


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infection Control/methods , Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated/epidemiology , Prospective Studies , Cross Infection/prevention & control , Developing Countries , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data , Poisson Distribution , Population Surveillance , Program Evaluation , Regression Analysis , Ventilators, Mechanical/statistics & numerical data
6.
Investig. andin ; 7(11): 5-15, sept. 2005. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-475942

ABSTRACT

El perfil epidemiológico es una herramienta que se utiliza generalmente para orientar los planes de salud pública, identifica la morbilidad y mortalidad en grupos específicos, entre otras variables, y describe como está la población en general frente a la salud, con el fin de dictaminar políticas en este aspecto. En la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos UCI, el registro epidemiológico y bioestadística se hace obligatorio y de forma somera; se incluye mortalidad e infecciones nosocomiales. De esta manera se planteó describir el perfil epidemiológico del paciente críticamente enfermo que ingresa a la Unidad de Cuidado Intensivo de una institución de tercer grado de complejidad, en la ciudad de Pereira, siendo éste el primer escalón en el planteamiento de investigación epidemiológica clínica. Se aplicó un instrumento de recolección de la información a las historias clínicas de la totalidad de pacientes, quienes ingresaron a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos entre agosto-noviembre de 2004, indagándose aspectos como datos demográficos, fecha de ingreso, diagnóstico y estado de egreso, entre otros. Se analizaron 145 pacientes que correspondieron a un porcentaje de 59.3 por cien para el género masculino (86 pacientes). La edad tuvo una distribución normal con una media de 50.7 ± 21.04 de desviación estándar; la mediana de los días de estancia fue 7 días; la mortalidad global de la Unidad fue de un 26.9 por cien; la patología que presentó mayor mortalidad fue la sepsis de origen abdominal, con un 44.4 por cien. La mortalidad que se observó es menor comparada con un estudio colombiano que reporta hasta un 31 por cien de mortalidad; el diagnóstico de infarto agudo del miocardio en la admisión fue similar a la de otros estudios, pero no representó igual mortalidad.


Subject(s)
Humans , Critical Care/classification , Critical Care , Critical Care/organization & administration , Critical Care , Respiration, Artificial , Ventilators, Mechanical/classification , Ventilators, Mechanical/statistics & numerical data , Ventilators, Mechanical
7.
Bulletin of Alexandria Faculty of Medicine. 1992; 28 (1): 181-189
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-120815

ABSTRACT

The effects of high frequency positive pressure ventilation [HFPPV] by using the conventional Servo 900 C ventilator on the lung mechanics, pulmonary gas exchange and hemodynamics, were studied in 20 patients with acute respiratory failure [ARF]. In comparison with continuous mandatory [CMV], HFPPV showed significant increase in peak airway pressure and expiratory airway resistance, while it decreased the compliance and inspiratory airway resistance significantly. The PaCO2 showed a significant increase, while no significant changes were found in oxygenation during HFPPV. No significant changes were observed in hemodynamic parameters. The use of conventional ventilator to give HFPPV offer no substantial improvement over CMV and can not be recommended as a primary form of therapy in patients with ARF. A specially designed ventilator to give this pattern may be useful in this regard


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Ventilators, Mechanical/statistics & numerical data
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