ABSTRACT
Vibrio vulnificus cytolysin forms transmembrane pores that are permeable to calcium ions in pulmonary endothelial cells, and has been suggested as an important virulence factor that sequestrate neutrophils primarily in the lung. To elucidate the mechanism we investigated whether the cytolysin affect the expression of endothelial P-selectin and adhesiveness of pulmonary endothelial cells for neutrophils. The cytolysin increased the adhesiveness of CPAE cell, a pulmonary endothelial cell line, for neutrophils in a concentrationand time-dependent manner. The increase of adhesiveness occurred within several minutes after the cytolysin exposure, persisted up to 90 min, and was not affected by cycloheximide. Furthermore, flow cytometric analyses showed that cytolysin enhanced the level of P-selectin on CPAE cell surface. Therefore, these results suggest that the cytolysin-induced hyperadhesiveness of pulmonary endothelial cells for neutrophils is mediated by the mobilization of endothelial P-selectin to the cell surface.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Rats , Cell Adhesion/drug effects , Cell Line , Cycloheximide/pharmacology , Cytotoxins/toxicity , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Endothelium, Vascular/cytology , Kinetics , Neutrophils/drug effects , P-Selectin/metabolism , Protein Synthesis Inhibitors/pharmacology , Pulmonary Artery/cytology , Vibrio Infections/etiology , Vibrio vulnificus/pathogenicityABSTRACT
Vibrio vulnificus cytolysin forms transmembrane pores that are permeable to calcium ions in pulmonary endothelial cells, and has been suggested as an important virulence factor that sequestrate neutrophils primarily in the lung. To elucidate the mechanism we investigated whether the cytolysin affect the expression of endothelial P-selectin and adhesiveness of pulmonary endothelial cells for neutrophils. The cytolysin increased the adhesiveness of CPAE cell, a pulmonary endothelial cell line, for neutrophils in a concentrationand time-dependent manner. The increase of adhesiveness occurred within several minutes after the cytolysin exposure, persisted up to 90 min, and was not affected by cycloheximide. Furthermore, flow cytometric analyses showed that cytolysin enhanced the level of P-selectin on CPAE cell surface. Therefore, these results suggest that the cytolysin-induced hyperadhesiveness of pulmonary endothelial cells for neutrophils is mediated by the mobilization of endothelial P-selectin to the cell surface.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Rats , Cell Adhesion/drug effects , Cell Line , Cycloheximide/pharmacology , Cytotoxins/toxicity , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Endothelium, Vascular/cytology , Kinetics , Neutrophils/drug effects , P-Selectin/metabolism , Protein Synthesis Inhibitors/pharmacology , Pulmonary Artery/cytology , Vibrio Infections/etiology , Vibrio vulnificus/pathogenicityABSTRACT
Los vibrios halofílicos son bacterías gram-negativas en forma de bacilos curvos que requieren altas concentraciones de sal para sobrevivir. Usualmente se encuentran en el medio ambiente marino a través del mundo. Las infeccioens causadas por estos organismos están usualmente asociados con la ingesta de marisco o la exposición de alguna herida a agua de mar. La presentación clínica y severidad de estas infecciones es muy variada. La presentación más común son síntomas no muy severos de gastroenteritis, pero puden ocurrir infecciones de tejido blando y septicemias presentando mortalidad elevada especialmente en pacientes con condiciones hepáticas pre-existentes. La detección temprana e inicio de tratamiento adequado con tetraciclina es de suma importancia debido a la rápida progresión de esta infección