Características fenotípicas y factores de riesgo de síndrome de ovario poliquístico en estudiantes enfermeras / Phenotype characteristics and risk factors of polycystic ovarian syndrome among nursing students

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine condition that occurs in women and is associated with problems such as menstrual irregularities; hirsutism; obesity; insulin resistance; acne; and later life with diabetes mellitus and uterine cancer. The study aim was to assess phenotype characteristics and risk factors of polycystic ovarian syndrome among nursing students. Cross sectional study (descriptive) included a sample of 400 females from Faculty of Nursing, Zagazig University, Egypt.Tools were used for data collection; structured-interviewing questionnaire sheet, data related to anthropometric measures, risk factors about PCOS and observational check list about phenotype characteristics of PCO. The results showed that, (6%) of the studied student females had family history of PCO, nearly half of them had fast food, more than half of studied student females had hirsutism, more than one quarter had acne, (14.5%) had menstrual irregularity and one third of them had continuous abnormal weight gain. Also, this study showed that lack of awareness were found among majority of girls about PCOS. Therefore, it could be concluded that, family history of PCOS, obesity and fast food diet habits are found to be the predisposing factors for development of PCOS. The risk of PCOS increases with presence of one or more identified predisposing factors. Most of the factors tested as predisposing factors in our study are interlinked to each other and are mostly modifiable Although that PCOS is prevalent endocrine disorder, there was poor knowledge among student females in Faculty of Nursing Zagazig University. The study recommended screening program from ministry of health for early detection of predisposing factors of PCOS including the secondary school students and faculties students through educational programs and messages through the counseling, brochures, to increase student's awareness about PCOS symptoms. Further research on larger sample size to identify how the problem is risky and how to deal it. Including the problem in social media and healthy channels. K

Infants' growth charts in Jahrom, Iran

This study was performed to provide the curves of weight and height of 0-2 year-old children in Jahrom, Southeastern Iran. In a prospective study, 597 children born in Jahrom entered our study from April 2001 to December 2002. The height and weight of these children were recorded 18 times from one month to two years of age. Healy-Rasbash-Yang [HRY] method was used to estimate age related smoothed centiles. This method was implemented for the World Health Organisation as GROSTAT computer package. The mean weight of male newborns, except for one-month olds, was more than that of females. Before two months of age and among 2-year-olds, there was no significant difference between the weight of males and females. The mean height of male newborns, except for one month of age, was more than that of females. No more than cubic polynomials were needed to smoothly fit height for age and weight for age of children. The height of male and female children showed an increase by age up to two years. The weight of male and female children also increased by age but the speed of increase to six months was more than that of six months to two years of age. Our findings show that height and weight of children under two years of age in Jahrom were lower than those of National Center for Health Statistics [NCHS]. It is therefore deemed necessary to provide and establish a corresponding standard curve for this region. According to the NCHS measurements, some children may be considered thinner or shorter for no obvious reason

Excessive weight gain after pregnancy in urban areas: one important area to prevent diabetes.

Diabetes has been found to be common in people, including the women of child bearing age, in urban Nepal. There is a custom of feeding the women with foods rich in calories and fats, as much as possible, after delivery. Weights of 200 women of urban Kathmandu before the first pregnancy and 6 months and 1 year after delivery were studied. The mean + SD of weights before pregnancy, six months after delivery and one year after delivery were 51.3 + 4.9, 67.2 + 6.3 and 63.4 + 6.4 respectively. Similarly, the mean + SD of body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy, six months after delivery and one year after delivery were 21.3 + 1.8, 27.9 + 2.5 and 26.7 + 2.8 respectively. The average increases in weight and BMI six months after delivery were 15.9 kg and 6.6; the increases from the basal values were statistically significant (p<0.01). Six months later the average increased weight and BMI decreased by 3.8 kg and 1.2 respectively. Thus, the average increases in weight and BMI one year after first pregnancy were 12.1 kg and 5.4; the increases from the basal values were statistically significant (p<0.01). The women seemed to have difficulty in losing weight gained. In view of the problem of overweight, the custom of excess feeding after delivery seems required to be discouraged in urban areas to prevent subsequent gestational and type 2 diabetes in women and the population.