Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 8 de 8
Filter
1.
Prensa méd. argent ; 105(5): 259-269, jun 2019. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1024538

ABSTRACT

El virus Zika, es un arbovirus del género flavivirus (familia Flaviviridae), muy cercano filogenéticamente a virus como el dengue, fiebre amarilla, la encefalitis japonesa, o el virus del Nilo Occidental. El presente estudio es de tipo exploratorio con base en el registro de casos de recién nacidos y lactantes hijos de mujeres embarazadas con infección de virus Zika en la Unidad de Medicina Familiar Nº 60 de Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz, dentro del período de diciembre del 2016 a julio del 2017. Se realizó un estudio polietápico que constó de revisión de casos por medio de uso de expediente clínico en la Consulta Externa en la Unidad Médico Familiar Nº 60 del IMSS de Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz. como primera aproximación epidemiológica en esta región en recién nacidos y lactantes hijos de madres con infección por virus Zika, que posteriormente fueron sometidos a estudios de valoración oftalmológica, neurológica y somatométrica; con ayuda del servicio de Salud Pública de dicha unidad (AU)


Zika virus is an arbovirus of the genusflavivirus (family Flaviviridae), very close phylogenetically to viruses such as denque, yellow fever, japanese encephalitis, or West Nile virus. The present study is exploratory based on the registry of cases of newborns and infants born to pregnant women with zika virus infection in the Family Medicine Unit Nº 60 of Coatzacalcos, Veracruz, within the period of December 2016 to July 2017. A multistage study was carried out that consisted of the review of cases through the use of a clinical file in the Outpatient Consultation in the Family Medical Unit Nº 60 of the IMSS. of Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz. As a first epidemiological approach in this region in newborns and infants born to mothers with Zika virus infection, who were subsequently subjected to ophtalmological, neurological and somatometric assessment studies; with the help of the Public Health service of said unit (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies/statistics & numerical data , Gestational Age , Validation Studies as Topic , Zika Virus/immunology , Zika Virus Infection/diagnosis , Zika Virus Infection/prevention & control
2.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 78(1): 23-28, feb. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-894542

ABSTRACT

Dengue (DENV), zika (ZIKV) y chikungunya (CHIKV), tres arbovirosis transmitidas por mosquitos Aedes, se han propagado en las últimas décadas en zonas tropicales y subtropicales húmedas. El dengue es epidémico en áreas subtropicales de la Argentina. Después de la infección por DENV hay inmunidad duradera contra el serotipo infectante, pero aumenta el riesgo de enfermedad grave por los otros tres. La vacuna recombinante tetravalente, Dengvaxia® previene el dengue grave y la hospitalización en sujetos seropositivos. En 2017 se aprobó Dengvaxia en Argentina, para edades de 9 a 45 años, sin incluirla en el calendario nacional de vacunación. Otras dos vacunas se hallan en evaluación Fase III: la desarrollada por NIAID/ Instituto Butantan y la vacuna Takeda. ZIKV, virus asociado a microcefalia en recién nacidos en Brasil, circula desde 2016 en Argentina. Aún no existe vacuna de actividad comprobada contra ZIKV ni tratamiento eficaz. No se registró circulación activa de CHIKV en Argentina en 2017. Los brotes de fiebre CHIKV tienen una complicación: el desarrollo de reumatismo crónico post-enfermedad. No existen vacunas aprobadas para humanos ni terapias antivirales efectivas. La gravedad de estas virosis contribuyó a un rápido progreso en el conocimiento de los procesos de infección y de la respuesta inmune. Pero sus vectores, Aedes aegypti y A. albopictus, continúan expandiéndose, lo que indica que la vacuna será el medio más efectivo para el control. Se resume aquí información sobre estas arbovirosis en Argentina y Brasil, y se describen avances en el desarrollo y la evaluación de vacunas.


Dengue (DENV), zika (ZIKV) and chikungunya (CHIKV), three arbovirosis transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, have spread in recent decades in humid tropical and subtropical zones. Dengue is epidemic in subtropical areas of Argentina. DENV infection confers lasting immunity against the infecting serotype but increases the risk of serious disease upon reinfection by any of the other three. The recombinant tetravalent vaccine Dengvaxia® prevents severe dengue and hospitalization in seropositive subjects. In 2017, Dengvaxia was approved in Argentina, for ages 9 to 45, but is not included in the national vaccination calendar. Two other vaccines are in Phase III evaluation: one developed by NIAID / Instituto Butantan and the other by Takeda.ZIKV, a virus associated with microcephaly in newborns in Brazil, circulates since 2016 in Argentina. There is still not effective treatment nor vaccine with proven activity against ZIKV. There has been no active circulation of CHIKV in Argentina in 2017. Outbreaks of CHIKV fever have a complication: the development of chronic post-disease rheumatism. There are not approved vaccines for humans nor effective antiviral therapies. The seriousness of these virosis has contributed to a rapid progress in the knowledge of the infection processes and the immune response. For now, Aedes aegypti and A. albopictus vectors continue to expand, suggesting that the vaccine will be the most effective means of controlling these viruses. Here we summarize information about these arbovirosis in Argentina and Brazil and describe advances in the development and evaluation of vaccines.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Dengue/prevention & control , Chikungunya Fever/prevention & control , Zika Virus Infection/prevention & control , Argentina/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Viral Vaccines/administration & dosage , Chikungunya virus/immunology , Dengue/epidemiology , Dengue Virus/immunology , Dengue Vaccines/administration & dosage , Chikungunya Fever/epidemiology , Zika Virus/immunology , Zika Virus Infection/epidemiology
3.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 113(11): e170538, 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1040584

ABSTRACT

This study showed that laboratory markers of recent infection by dengue, Zika or chikungunya arboviruses were detected in the biological samples of approximately one-third of patients with encephalitis, myelitis, encephalomyelitis or Guillain-Barré syndrome, in a surveillance programme in Piauí state, Brazil, between 2015-2016. Fever and myalgia had been associated with these cases. Since in non-tropical countries most infections or parainfectious diseases associated with the nervous system are attributed to herpesviruses, enteroviruses, and Campylobacter jejuni, the present findings indicate that in tropical countries, arboviruses may now play a more important role and reinforce the need for their surveillance and systematic investigation in the tropics.


Subject(s)
Humans , Chikungunya virus/genetics , Chikungunya virus/immunology , Dengue Virus/genetics , Dengue Virus/immunology , Zika Virus/genetics , Zika Virus/immunology , Acute Disease , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Guillain-Barre Syndrome/diagnosis , Guillain-Barre Syndrome/virology , Encephalitis/diagnosis , Encephalitis/virology , Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated/diagnosis , Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated/virology , Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay , Myelitis, Transverse/diagnosis , Myelitis, Transverse/virology , Nervous System Diseases/diagnosis , Nervous System Diseases/virology
4.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 21(4): 481-483, July-Aug. 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1039199

ABSTRACT

Abstract A Zika virus seroepidemiology study was performed in 1084 blood donors collected from August to October 2015 in six sites of Cameroon representing a large panel of eco-environments. Samples were tested using an anti-NS1 IgG ELISA detection kit and positives were further confirmed by seroneutralization. The observed global seroprevalence was low (around 5%, peaking at 10% and 7.7% in Douala and Bertoua, respectively) with risk factors associated with seropositivity pointing to the existence of a local (peri-)sylvatic cycle of transmission. These results call attention to the potential introduction and subsequent spread in African urban areas of Asian genotype Zika virus currently circulating in the Americas and adapted to transmission by peri-domestic mosquitoes. They should leverage reinforced surveillance efforts in Africa.


Subject(s)
Humans , Blood Donors/statistics & numerical data , Zika Virus/isolation & purification , Zika Virus Infection/epidemiology , Cameroon/epidemiology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Zika Virus/immunology , Zika Virus Infection/diagnosis
6.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; 36(2): 303-308, jun. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1038786

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Aedes aegypti es el principal vector de fiebre amarilla urbana, dengue, chikungunya y zika. Se ha demostrado que la distribución biogeográfica de esta especie se ha expandido debido al calentamiento global y a factores socioeconómicos y culturales. Los cambios en los patrones de la distribución altitudinal de este vector y su infección con el virus son prioridades de la investigación encaminada a desarrollar estrategias de vigilancia entomológica y virológica en salud pública. Objetivo. Evaluar la presencia de A. aegypti y su infección natural por el virus del dengue en alturas superiores a los 1.800 msnm en dos municipios periféricos del Valle de Aburrá, Antioquia, Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se instalaron 21 ovitrampas en los municipios de Bello y San Pedro de los Milagros, en un rango altitudinal de 1.882 a 2.659 msnm. Los adultos que emergieron de las ovitrampas se evaluaron con reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en tiempo real (RT-PCR) para la detección del virus del dengue. Resultados. Se recolectaron 367 adultos de A. aegypti , siete de los cuales se encontraron a una altitud de 2.302 msnm en Tierradentro, Bello. Se detectaron 12 especímenes de A. aegypti positivos para dengue serotipo 2 en el barrio París de Bello, a 1.984 msnm. Conclusión. Por primera vez se registró A. aegypti a 2.302 msnm, la mayor altitud registrada para este vector en Colombia. De igual forma, se encontró infección con el virus del dengue a 1.984 msnm. Estos hallazgos son significativos, ya que determinan regiones de Colombia con riesgo potencial de transmisión autóctona de dengue y otros arbovirus por A. aegypti .


Introduction: Aedes aegypti is the main vector of urban yellow fever, dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses. The biogeographical distribution of this species has expanded due to global warming, and socioeconomic and cultural factors. The changes in the altitudinal distribution patterns of this vector and its natural infection are priority fields of research to develop entomological, virological and public health surveillance strategies. Objective: To evaluate the presence of A. aegypti and its natural infection with dengue virus in altitudes above 1.800 meters above sea level in two peripheral municipalities of the Valle de Aburrá, Antioquia, Colombia. Materials and methods: Twenty-one ovitraps were set in the municipalities of Bello and San Pedro de los Milagros, at altitudes ranging from 1.882 to 2.659 masl. Emerged adults caught in the ovitraps were tested by RT-PCR for dengue virus detection. Results: We collected 367 A. aegypti adults, seven of which were found as high as 2.302 masl in Tierradentro, Bello. We detected serotype 2 dengue infection in 12 A. aegypti specimens collected in the neighbourhood of París, in Bello, at 1.984 masl. Conclusion: We recorded A. aegypti at 2.302 masl, so far the highest altitudinal record in Colombia for this vector. Furthermore, mosquitoes collected at 1.984 masl were positive for dengue virus. These findings are significant as they identify regions in Colombia at risk of potential autochthonous transmission of dengue and other arboviruses by A. aegypti .


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Yellow Fever/transmission , Aedes/virology , Dengue/epidemiology , Dengue Virus , Zika Virus/immunology , Zika Virus Infection/epidemiology , Cities/statistics & numerical data , Colombia , Aedes/growth & development , Zika Virus/chemistry , Zika Virus Infection/immunology
7.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 76(2): 93-97, abr. 2016.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-841549

ABSTRACT

Los responsables de la actual pandemia de Chikungunya (alfavirus), dengue y Zika (flavivirus) son virus trasmitidos por artrópodos, arbovirus. Su importancia aumentó en las Américas en los últimos 20 años. Los vectores principales son Aedes aegypti y A. albopictus. La infección por dengue provee inmunidad duradera al serotipo específico y temporaria a otros tres. La posterior infección por otro serotipo determina mayor gravedad. Existe una vacuna contra dengue registrada, Dengvaxia (Sanofi Pasteur). Otras dos (Butantan y Takeda) comienzan la Fase III en 2016. La infección por Zika suele ser asintomática, o presentarse con exantema, conjuntivitis y fiebre no muy elevada. No existen vacunas ni tratamiento específico. Se puede transmitir por vía parental, sexual y por transfusión sanguínea. Se la ha asociado con microcefalia. Chikungunya causa artralgias prolongadas, con respuesta inmune persistente. Hay dos vacunas candidatas en Fase II. El diagnóstico directo del dengue se realiza por cultivo, RT-PCR y ELISA para detección del antígeno NS1; los métodos indirectos son ELISA-IgM (reacción cruzada con otros flavivirus), MAC-ELISA, y neutralización en placas, que diferencia los 4 serotipos DENV y otros flavivirus. Zika se diagnostica por RT-PCR y aislamiento del virus. El diagnóstico serológico presenta reacciones cruzadas con otros flavivirus. Para CHIKV se emplean cultivo y RT-PCR, MAC-ELISA y neutralización en placas. Contra Aedes se emplean larvicidas organofosforados (temefos), insecticidas organofosforados (malation y fenitrotion) y piretroides (permetrina y deltametrina). Puede haber resistencia. Los derivados vegetales son menos costosos y biodegradables, entre ellos el aceite de cetronela, que microencapsulado se preserva de la evaporación.


Arboviruses are transmitted by arthropods, including those responsible for the current pandemic: alphavirus (Chikungunya) and flaviviruses (dengue and Zika). Its importance increased in the Americas over the past 20 years. The main vectors are Aedes aegypti and A. albopictus. Dengue infection provides long lasting immunity against the specific serotype and temporary to the other three. Subsequent infection by another serotype determines more serious disease. There is a registered vaccine for dengue, Dengvaxia (Sanofi Pasteur). Other two (Butantan and Takeda) are in Phase III in 2016. Zika infection is usually asymptomatic or occurs with rash, conjunctivitis and not very high fever. There is no vaccine or specific treatment. It can be transmitted by parental, sexual and via blood transfusion. It has been associated with microcephaly. Chikungunya causes prolonged joint pain and persistent immune response. Two candidate vaccines are in Phase II. Dengue direct diagnosis is performed by virus isolation, RT-PCR and ELISA for NS1 antigen detection; indirect methods are ELISA-IgM (cross-reacting with other flavivirus), MAC-ELISA, and plaque neutralization. Zika is diagnosed by RT-PCR and virus isolation. Serological diagnosis cross-reacts with other flavivirus. For CHIKV culture, RT-PCR, MAC-ELISA and plaque neutralization are used. Against Aedes organophosphate larvicides (temephos), organophosphorus insecticides (malathion and fenitrothion) and pyrethroids (permethrin and deltamethrin) are usually employed. Resistance has been described to all these products. Vegetable derivatives are less expensive and biodegradable, including citronella oil, which microencapsulated can be preserved from evaporation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Dengue/diagnosis , Dengue/prevention & control , Dengue/transmission , Chikungunya Fever/diagnosis , Chikungunya Fever/prevention & control , Chikungunya Fever/transmission , Americas/epidemiology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Viral Vaccines/therapeutic use , Chikungunya virus/immunology , Aedes/virology , Dengue Virus/immunology , Dengue Vaccines/therapeutic use , Zika Virus/immunology , Zika Virus Infection/transmission , Insect Vectors/physiology , Insecticides
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL