ABSTRACT
A burn patient is a challenge for any anesthesiologist, undergoing several surgeries during admission, and requiring general anesthesia and muscle relaxation most of the times. The victim may have respiratory system impairment and a response to muscle relaxants that differs from the healthy patient, thus proper monitoring and reversal is crucial. We analyzed sugammadex effectiveness and safety in this population. It was a prospectively descriptive study, including 4 patients, and all of them were considered major burn patients, who underwent escharotomy with general anesthesia and neuromuscular relaxation. The main variable was the time for recovery of a TOF higher than 0.9 after the administration of sugammadex before extubation. Mean time of recovery from a TOF ratio higher than 0.9 following the administration of Sugammadex was of 4.95 min 95% CI (3.25-6.64, The reversion of neuromuscular relaxation with sugammadex appears to be effective and safe in the burn patient. More analytical, comparative studies of larger populations would be necessary to confirm these data.
O paciente queimado representa um desafio para o anestesiologista, pois se submete a várias intervenções cirúrgicas durante sua hospitalização e necessita de anestesia geral e relaxamento muscular na maior parte delas. Apresenta sistema respiratório comprometido e uma resposta aos relaxantes musculares que difere do paciente sadio; portanto, um monitoramento correto e reversão tornam-se imprescindíveis. Avaliamos a eficácia e segurança do sugamadex nessa população. Estudo descritivo com caráter prospectivo que inclui quatro pacientes, todos eles considerados grandes queimados, submetidos a escarectomia com anestesia geral e relaxamento neuromuscular. Como variável principal tomou-se o tempo de recuperação de TOF superior a 0,9 após a administração de sugamadex antes de extubação. O tempo médio de recuperação de uma razão TOF superior a 0,9 após a administração de sugamadex foi de 4,95 minutos (IC95% 3,25-6,64; p = 0,53). A reversão do relaxamento neuromuscular com sugamadex parece ser eficaz e segura no paciente queimado. Seriam necessários mais estudos analíticos, comparativos e de maior população para confirmar esses dados.
El paciente quemado supone un reto para el anestesista, pues se somete a varias intervenciones quirúrgicas durante su ingreso, requiriendo anestesia general y relajación muscular en la mayor parte de ellas. Presentan un sistema respiratorio comprometido y una respuesta a los relajantes musculares que difiere de la del paciente sano, por lo que se hace imprescindible una correcta monitorización y reversión. Valoramos la efectividad y seguridad del sugammadex en esta población. Estudio descriptivo con carácter prospectivo que incluyó a 4 pacientes, todos ellos considerados grandes quemados, sometidos a escarectomía con anestesia general y relajación neuromuscular. Como variable principal se tomó el tiempo de recuperación de un TOF superior a 0,9 tras la administración de sugammadex previa a extubación. El tiempo medio de recuperación de un TOF ratio superior a 0,9 tras la administración de sugammadex fue de 4,95 min, IC al 95% (3,25-6,64; p = 0,53). La reversión de la relajación neuromuscular con sugammadex parece ser efectiva y segura en el paciente quemado. Serían necesarios más estudios de índole analítica, comparativa y de mayor población para confirmar dichos datos.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Burns/surgery , Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents/administration & dosage , gamma-Cyclodextrins/administration & dosage , Anesthesia, General/methods , Burns/physiopathology , Prospective Studies , gamma-Cyclodextrins/adverse effects , Neuromuscular Monitoring/methods , SugammadexSubject(s)
Humans , Neuromuscular Blockade , Pharmacovigilance , gamma-Cyclodextrins/adverse effectsABSTRACT
This review outlines the basic pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of sugammadex for the cardiac anesthesiologist. It describes the different clinical scenarios when sugammadex can be used during cardiac surgery and gives clinical recommendations. Sugammadex is a unique reversal drug that binds a chemical complex with rocuronium and vecuronium, by which the neuromuscular blockade is quickly reversed. It is free of any clinical side-effects and doses of 2 mg/kg or more reliably reverse neuromuscular blockade within 5-15 min, depending on the depth of the neuromuscular blockade. Doses below 2 mg/kg should be avoided at any time because of the inherent risk of recurarization. Sugammadex should not replace good clinical practice - titration of neuromuscular blocking drugs to clinical needs and objective monitoring of neuromuscular blockade in the operating room or intensive care unit. Neuromuscular transmission should be determined in all patients before sugammadex is considered and 5 min after its administration to ensure that extubation is performed with normal neuromuscular transmission.