ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Background: An inverse association between circulating vitamin D and adenoma risk hasbeen reported, but less is known about proximal inflammatory-hyperplastic polyps.Purpose: To investigate circulating 25(OH)D3and risk factors of proximal inflammatory-hyperplastic and adenoma colorectal polyps.Methods: From January 2017 to June 2019, consecutive asymptomatic average-risk partic-ipants undergoing initial screening colonoscopy. Questionnaires provided information oncolorectal polyp risk factors, and plasma samples were assayed for 25-Hydroxyvitamin-D 25(OH)D3. The colorectal polyps were assessed, and medical history and demographic datawere obtained from each patient.Results: Of the 220 asymptomatic subjects, the prevalence of proximal inflammatory-hyperplastic polyps and adenoma polyps were 16.8%; 18.1% and 22.2%, respectively.Multivariate analysis revealed that low vitamin D (25(OH)D3< 18 ng/mL, OR = 3.94; 95%CI: 1.819.51) and current/former smoking (OR = 6.85; 95% CI: 2.9815.70), high bodymass index (BMI > 24, OR = 5.32, 95% CI: 2.624.71) were independent predictors forproximal inflammatory-hyperplastic colorectal polyps (non-adenoma). Low vitamin D(25(OH)D3< 18 ng/mL, OR = 7.75; 95% CI: 3.1918.80) and current/former smoking (OR = 3.75;95% CI: 1.3010.81), age over 60 years old (OR = 2.38, 95% CI: 1.025.57), were independentpredictors for adenoma colorectal polyps.Conclusion: Low vitamin D and smoking are common risk factors for both adenomatous andproximal inflammatory hyperplastic polyps. Old age and BMI are additional risk factors forthe development of adenomatous and non-adenomatous colorectal polyps.
RESUMO Background: An inverse association between circulating vitamin D and adenoma risk hasbeen reported, but less is known about proximal inflammatory-hyperplastic polyps.Purpose: To investigate circulating 25(OH)D3and risk factors of proximal inflammatory-hyperplastic and adenoma colorectal polyps.Methods: From January 2017 to June 2019, consecutive asymptomatic average-risk partic-ipants undergoing initial screening colonoscopy. Questionnaires provided information oncolorectal polyp risk factors, and plasma samples were assayed for 25-Hydroxyvitamin-D 25(OH)D3. The colorectal polyps were assessed, and medical history and demographic datawere obtained from each patient.Results: Of the 220 asymptomatic subjects, the prevalence of proximal inflammatory-hyperplastic polyps and adenoma polyps were 16.8%; 18.1% and 22.2%, respectively.Multivariate analysis revealed that low vitamin D (25(OH)D3< 18 ng/mL, OR = 3.94; 95%CI: 1.819.51) and current/former smoking (OR = 6.85; 95% CI: 2.9815.70), high bodymass index (BMI > 24, OR = 5.32, 95% CI: 2.624.71) were independent predictors forproximal inflammatory-hyperplastic colorectal polyps (non-adenoma). Low vitamin D(25(OH)D3< 18 ng/mL, OR = 7.75; 95% CI: 3.1918.80) and current/former smoking (OR = 3.75;95% CI: 1.3010.81), age over 60 years old (OR = 2.38, 95% CI: 1.025.57), were independentpredictors for adenoma colorectal polyps.Conclusion: Low vitamin D and smoking are common risk factors for both adenomatous andproximal inflammatory hyperplastic polyps. Old age and BMI are additional risk factors forthe development of adenomatous and non-adenomatous colorectal polyps.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Calcitriol , Adenoma/prevention & control , Colonic Polyps/prevention & control , Tobacco Use Disorder , Vitamin D , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Risk Factors , Colonoscopy , Adenomatous Polyps/prevention & controlABSTRACT
Os autores revisam e apresentam os principais métodos de rastreamento populacional para os adenomas colônicos e o câncer colorretal (CCR). A pesquisa de sangue oculto nas fezes pelo método guaiac é um procedimento sensível e específico de rastreamento, principalmente quando é utilizada a reidrataçäo das fezes. É um teste bem estudado em populaçöes assintomáticas, aplicável em nosso meio por ser de fácil utilizaçäo e baixo custo. A retossigmoidoscopia deve ser realizada a cada 3 anos, preferencialmente associada ao teste anual de pesquisa de sangue oculto nas fezes. O exame com aparelho flexível de 60 cm é preferível por ser menos incômodo ao paciente e oferecer alcance diagnóstico a cerca de metade dos CCR. A colonoscopia é um método eficaz e de baixo índice de morbidade, porém tem seu custo elevado, devendo ser indicada apenas em casos selecionados. O grande avanço alcançado nos últimos anos no campo da biologia molecular tornou possível, além do conhecimento do processo de carcinogênese do CCR, a detecçäo de células do epitélio colônico com alteraçöes genéticas descamadas nas fezes. Essas mutaçöes predispöem ao aparecimento do CCR. Os autores também mostram fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento do CCR, como idade acima de 50 anos, retocolite ulcerativa inspecífica, doença de Crohn, antecedentes familiares e pessoais de pólipos e CCR.