ABSTRACT
Abstract Objective The present study assesses the results of a minimally invasive surgical technique for acute and chronic ankle instability management. Methods The present case series study retrospectively evaluated 40 patients undergoing arthroscopic-assisted percutaneous ankle ligament reconstruction from 2013 to 2019. Results The present study included 17 males and 23 females with an average age of 38.3 years old. Postintervention follow-up using American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot scores identified improvement of > 30 points in function and pain control. The most frequently occurring associated injuries were osteochondral (35%). No patient required reintervention or had infection during follow-up. Conclusion The technique in the present study is easy and achieves satisfactory results for function and pain control. Level of Evidence IV.
Resumo Objetivo O presente estudo avalia os resultados de uma técnica cirúrgica minimamente invasiva para o manejo da instabilidade aguda e crônica do tornozelo. Métodos O presente estudo de uma série de casos avaliou retrospectivamente 40 pacientes submetidos à reconstrução percutânea assistida por artroscopia do ligamento do tornozelo entre 2013 e 2019. Resultados O estudo incluiu 17 homens e 23 mulheres com idade média de 38,3 anos. O acompanhamento pós-intervenção utilizou a pontuação American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS, na sigla em inglês). As pontuações do tornozelo-retropé identificaram melhora > 30 pontos na função e no controle da dor. As lesões associadas mais frequentes foram as osteocondrais (35%). Nenhum paciente precisou de reintervenção ou teve infecção durante o acompanhamento. Conclusão A técnica do presente estudo é fácil e consegue resultados satisfatórios para a função e o controle da dor. Nível de Evidência IV.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Arthroscopy/methods , Subtalar Joint , Joint Instability/therapy , Ligaments, Articular/physiopathology , Ankle Joint/surgeryABSTRACT
Introducción: Las fracturas del maleolo posterior son comunes y son resultado de lesiones por rotación del tobillo que se ignoran debido a la reducción espontánea de estos fragmentos después de la reducción abierta del maléolo lateral. La tendencia actual es realizar la corrección anatómica de la articulación y evitar un escalón intraarticular. Objetivo: Revisar el estado actual de los conocimientos y clasificación de las fracturas del maleolo tibial posterior y las tendencias de su tratamiento. Métodos: Se realiza una revisión de la literatura en PubMed de los trabajos publicados en inglés entre los años 2011-2021, con los siguientes términos de búsqueda: fracturas del maleolo tibial posterior, clasificación de las fracturas del maléolo tibial posterior", tratamiento de las fracturas del maleolo tibial posterior". También se revisaron artículos accesibles de forma libre, o a través del servicio ClinicalKey e Hinari. Conclusiones: La reposición anatómica del maleolo tibial posterior en fracturas de tobillo permite alcanzar mejores resultados. Las clasificaciones y el abordaje posterolateral contribuyen a lograrlo(AU)
Introduction: Fractures of the posterior malleolus are common and resulting from rotational injuries of the ankle, which are ignored due to the spontaneous reduction of these fragments after open reduction of the lateral malleolus. The current trend is to perform the anatomical correction of the joint and to avoid an intra-articular step. Objective: To review the current state of knowledge and classification of posterior tibial malleolus fractures and treatment trends. Methods: A review was carried out of the PubMed literature of papers published in English in the period 2011-2021; the search terms adopted were posterior tibial malleolus fractures, posterior tibial malleolus fracture classification, reatment of fractures of the posterior tibial malleolus. Articles freely accessible or through Clinical Key and Hinari service were also reviewed. Conclusions: The anatomical repositioning of the posterior tibial malleolus in ankle fractures allows to achieve better results. The classifications and the posterolateral approach help to achieve this(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Ankle Joint/anatomy & histology , Ankle Joint/surgeryABSTRACT
Abstract Objective To evaluate the results obtained from the surgical treatment of malleolar ankle fractures associated with distal tibiofibular syndesmosis (DTFS) injury submitted to conventional surgical procedure for fracture fixation and DTFS fixation by suture button (SB). Methods Forty-nine patients were retrospectively evaluated, with a mean age of 45 years old and a mean follow-up of 34.1 months. Clinical and functional evaluation was based on the visual analogue scale (VAS) and on the American Foot and Ankle Society Score (AOFAS) for ankle and hindfoot, return to routine activities, and return to sport. Results The postoperative mean AOFAS and VAS were, respectively, 97.06 (confidence interval [CI 95%: 95.31-98.81] and 0.16 [CI 95% 0,04 - 0,29]. All patients returned to previous daily activities, and only 12 showed some residual symptom. There was no postoperative instability in any patient. Forty-six patients returned to sports activities and, of these, only 1 did not return to the level prior to the injury. Only two patients presented SB-related alterations. There was no report of dissatisfaction. Conclusion In malleolar fractures of the ankle with DTFS injury, the fixation of syndesmosis with SB demonstrated excellent postoperative results. Level of Evidence IV, retrospective case series.
Resumo Objetivo Avaliar os resultados obtidos do tratamento cirúrgico das fraturas maleolares do tornozelo associadas a lesão da sindesmose tibiofibular distal (STFD) submetidas a procedimento cirúrgico convencional de fixação da fratura e fixação da STFD pelo suture button (SB). Métodos Avaliou-se retrospectivamente 49 pacientes com uma média de idade de 45 anos e seguimento médio de 34,1 meses. A avaliação clínica e funcional foi baseada na escala visual analógica (EVA) e na escala American Foot and Ankle Society Score (AOFAS, na sigla em inglês) para tornozelo e retropé, retorno às atividades da rotina e retorno ao esporte. Resultados As médias pós-operatórias das escalas AOFAS e EVA foram, respectivamente, 97,06 (índice de confiança [IC 95%: 95,31 - 98,81] e 0,16 [IC 95% 0,04 - 0,29]. Todos os pacientes retornaram às atividades prévias do cotidiano, sendo que apenas 12 apresentaram algum sintoma residual. Não se verificou instabilidade pós-operatória em nenhum paciente. Ao todo, 46 pacientes retornaram às atividades desportivas e, destes, apenas 1 não retornou ao nível prévio à lesão. Apenas dois pacientes apresentaram alterações relacionadas ao SB. Não houve relato de insatisfação. Conclusão Em fraturas maleolares do tornozelo com lesão da STFD, a fixação da sindesmose com o SB demonstrou excelentes resultados pós-operatórios. Nível de Evidência IV, série de casos retrospectiva.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Aftercare , Ankle Fractures/surgery , Ankle Fractures/rehabilitation , Ankle Joint/surgeryABSTRACT
Introducción: Las técnicas mínimamente invasivas son las preferidas para tratar las roturas agudas del tendón de Aquiles. Representan una opción para evitar las complicaciones tegumentarias, y la lesión del nervio sural es uno de sus principales problemas. El objetivo de este estudio fue comprobar la utilidad de la ecografía para prevenir la lesión del nervio sural durante la reparación del tendón de Aquiles con técnicas percutáneas. materiales y métodos: Estudio en 12 piezas cadavéricas. Se recreó una lesión en el tendón de Aquiles 5 cm proximales de su inserción distal. En uno de los miembros del cadáver, se identificó el nervio sural o su vena satélite mediante ecografía. Se reparó el nervio sural por vía percutánea con dos agujas proximales y dos agujas distales a la lesión, y se representó el recorrido del nervio sural. En el miembro contralateral, no se identificó el nervio sural mediante ecografía. Se efectuó la reparación percutánea de las lesiones mediante la técnica de Ma y Griffith. Resultados: En el grupo ecográfico, no se identificaron lesiones del nervio sural. En el grupo de control, se observaron dos lesiones del nervio sural (p = 0,6). En todos los casos, la identificación del nervio sural mediante ecografía fue correcta. Conclusión: La asistencia ecográfica en el tratamiento percutáneo de las lesiones del tendón de Aquiles es un método eficaz y confiable para evitar las lesiones del nervio sural. Nivel de Evidencia: III
Introduction: Minimally invasive techniques are preferred to treat acute Achilles tendon ruptures. They represent an option to avoid integumentary complications, and sural nerve injury is one of its main problems. This study aims to verify the usefulness of ultrasound in preventing sural nerve injury during Achilles repair with percutaneous techniques. materials and methods: Study in 12 cadaveric pieces. We recreated an injury at the level of the Achilles tendon, 5 cm proximally to its distal insertion. In one of the cadaver limbs, the sural nerve and/or its satellite vein were identified by ultrasonography. We repaired the sural nerve percutaneously with two needles at the proximal level and two needles at the distal level of the lesion and represented the path of the sural nerve. In the contralateral limb, the sural nerve was not identified by ultrasound. We performed the percutaneous repair of the injuries using the Ma & Griffith technique. Results: In the ultrasound group, no sural nerve injuries were identified. In the control group, two sural nerve injuries were observed (p=0.6). In all cases, the identification of the sural nerve by ultrasound was correct. Conclusion: Ultrasound assistance in the percutaneous treatment of Achilles tendon injuries is an effective and reliable method to prevent sural nerve injuries. Level of Evidence: III
Subject(s)
Achilles Tendon/surgery , Achilles Tendon/injuries , Sural Nerve/injuries , Ultrasonography , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures , Ankle Joint/surgeryABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical results of modified medial incision in the treatment o f Pilon fracture with medial column compression and evaluate its safety.@*METHODS@#Thirty-one patients of Pilon fracture with medial column compressiom accepted surgical treatments in the Department of Foot and Ankle at Honghui Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2015 to January 2019. According to the imaging data at admission, 31 cases were diagnosed as closed Pilon fractures, and both preoperative X-ray and 3D CT scan were shown as medial column compressive fractures. All patients underwent modified medial incision with complete data, including 23 males and 8 females;ranging in age from 22 to 65 years old, with an average of (39.5±16.2) years old. All patients underwent modified medial approach combined with other approaches to expose the broken end of fracture. The time from trauma to operation ranging from 7 to 20 days, with a mean of(9.5±5.5) days. The incision and fracture healing were followed up regularly after operation.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up with an average of(15.7±5.5) months(ranged, 13 to 25 months). Preoperative and postoperative routine X-ray and 3D CT examination showed anatomical reduction in 8 cases, and the anatomical reduction rate was 25.81%. Up to the latest follow-up, all 31 fractures had achieved bone healing, and the healing time ranged from 11 to 22 weeks, with a mean of (14.3±4.7) weeks. At the latest follow-up, the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle and hindfoot scores ranged from 75 to 89, with a mean of 80.5±4.9, 24 patients got a good result, 7 fair.@*CONCLUSION@#The improved medial approach for Pilon fracture can directly expose the posterior medial, medial and anterior medial of the distal tibia. After reduction under direct vision, the medial compressed and collapsed articular surface are fixed. The clinical curative effect is satisfactory and the wound complications are less. It is recommended for Pilon fracture where compression of the medial articular surface is predominant.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Ankle Fractures/surgery , Ankle Joint/surgery , Female , Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Tibial Fractures/surgery , Treatment Outcome , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical efficacy of reconstruction the anterior talofibular ligament and calcaneofibular ligament with autologous peroneus brevis tendon for the treatment of chronic lateral ankle instability.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 42 patients with chronic lateral ankle instability treated by anatomical reconstruction of anterior talofibular ligament and calcaneofibular ligament with autologous peroneus brevis tendon from July 2016 to July 2019 was retrospectively analyzed. Including 30 males and 12 females, age ranged from 25 to 46 years old with an average of (37.6±12.4) years. There were 15 cases of left foot and 27 cases of right foot, the time from injury to operation was 3 to 12 months with a mean of (7.4±2.8) months. And 14 patients had tenderness in lateral collateral ligament area, 28 patients complained of multiple ankle sprains while walking on the flat ground. At 12 months after operation, the talar tilt angle and visual analogue scale(VAS)were observed, ankle joint varus stress and anterior drawer test were performed to check the mechanical stability of the ankle joint, American Orhopaedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS) was used to score the ankle and hindfoot functions and evaluate the curative effect.@*RESULTS@#Forty patients were followed up for 12 to 48 months with an average of (28.3±10.0) months, 2 cases were lost. The VAS decreased from(4.50±0.93) scores before surgery to (1.10±0.30) scores at 12 months after surgery;the talar tilt angle was reduced from (12.26±1.13)° before operation to (4.60±0.45)° at 12 months after operation;the AOFAS score increased from (65.10±7.50)scores before surgery to (84.40±3.95) scores at 12 months after surgery;all the differences were statically significant(P<0.05). According to the AOFAS score, 27 cases got excellent results, 7 good, 5 fair, and 1 poor. One patient had the symptoms of sural nerve injury after operation, and the symptoms were relieved after oral Mecobalamin for 3 months. The remaining patients had no complications such as nerve injury, infection, and skin necrosis. There was no instability of ankle joint, and both ankle varus stress test and drawer test were negative.@*CONCLUSION@#Autologous peroneal brevis tendon with double bone channel pass through the tendon (modified Chrisman-Snook operation) can anatomically reconstruct the anterior talofibular ligament and the calcaneofibular ligament, restore the stability of the patient's ankle joint, reduce postoperative complications, and restore ankle joint function well.
Subject(s)
Adult , Ankle , Ankle Joint/surgery , Female , Humans , Joint Instability/surgery , Lateral Ligament, Ankle/surgery , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , TendonsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore clinical effect of adult ankle fracture with Tillaux-Chaput fracture block.@*METHODS@#From January 2014 to December 2018, 15 patients with adult ankle fracture with Tillaux-Chaput fracture block were performed opertaion, including 9 males and 6 females, aged from 27 to 67 years old with an average of (45.6±14.3) years old, 8 patients on the left side and 7 patients on the right side. Fracture healing and complications were observed, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS) was used to evaluate recovery of ankle joint function.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up for 18 to 70 months with an average of (38.1±9.9) months. The incisions healed well at stageⅠ. X-ray reexamination showed all fractures healed well without loosening or breakage of internalfixation. Two patients had symptoms of superficial peroneal nerve injury and recovered gradually after nerve nourishing therapy. Three patients mainfested slightly limits of flexion and extension of ankle joint. AOFAS score of ankle and hind foot at the latest follow up was (85.6±7.9), 9 patients got excellent results, 4 good and 2 fair.@*CONCLUSION@#Fix Tillaux-Chaput fracture block with dentate steel plate has advantages of easy operation, stable fixation, and is beneficial to recovery of ankle function. It is not necessary to fix tibiofibular syndesmosis with screws.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Ankle Fractures/surgery , Ankle Joint/surgery , Female , Fracture Fixation, Internal , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To measure anatomical data of calcaneofibular ligament (CFL), relevant data of CFL attachment to provide an anatomical basis for CFL reconstruction.@*METHODS@#Twenty-seven adult ankle specimens were selected, including 11 males and 16 females, aged from 22 to 71 years old with an average of (41.6±17.2) years old;9 cases on the left side and 18 cases on the right side. The specimens reserved at least 20 cm above ankle joint and a complete foot, and exclude deformities, fractures, incomplete development and degenerative lesions. CFL was performed detailed anatomical observation, morphological parameters of CFL was measured, and coordinates of fibula side and calcaneal side of CFL in the coordinate axis were measured. The distance between fibula insertion of CFL and fibula tip, distance between calcaneal insertion of CFL and lateral calcaneal nodule, and Angle between CFL and long axis of fibula were also measured.@*RESULTS@#In these 27 specimens, CFL cases were all single bundles and the length of CFL was (32.83 ± 8.19) mm. The center point of fibula attachment in CFL was(2.87± 1.21) mm proximal with a coefficient of variation of 42.16% and (2.08±1.34) mm anteriorly with a coefficient of variation of 64.42%. The center point of calcaneal attachment region of CFL was located on coordinate axis on the distal end (15.32±5.33) mm, with a coefficient of variation of 34.79%, and the posterior part (6.38±2.15) mm, with a coefficient of variation of 33.86%. The distance between center point of fibula attachment and fibula tip was (4.81±0.82) mm. The distance between center point of calcaneal attachment area of CFL and lateral calcaneal nodules was(17.25±3.12) mm. Angle between CFL and fibula axis is (43 ±18)° .@*CONCLUSION@#According to anatomical studies, we could locate the fibula and calcaneal attachment of CFL by anatomical markers around ankle joint. However, the location of CFL attachment has a large variation, and the anatomical characteristics need to be considered in anatomical reconstruction.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Ankle Joint/surgery , Cadaver , Calcaneus/surgery , Female , Fibula/surgery , Humans , Lateral Ligament, Ankle/surgery , Male , Middle Aged , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore clinical effects of single-tunnel pullout structure fixation and anatomical reconstruction of lateral ligament complex in treating chronic lateral ankle instability.@*METHODS@#From January 2016 to December 2018, clinical data of 23 patients with chronic lateral malleolus instability who underwent anatomical reconstruction of lateral malleolus ligament complex with single-tunnel pullout structure fixation, were retrospectively studied. Among them, including 7 males and 16 females, aged from 17 to 33 years old with an avergae of (26.0±4.3) years old;16 patients classified to grage 0, and 7 patients classified to gradeⅠaccording to Kellgren-Lawrence(K-L) grading;the time of sprain ranged form 2 to 15 with an average of (5.7±2.9) times;the time from injury to operation ranged to 4 to 18 months with an average of (9.0±3.3) months. The range of movement of operative and uninjured ankle joints were measured at 24 months after opertaion, visual analogue scale (VAS) and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) were used to evaluate ankle joint function and improvement of pain, K-L grading and MRI scoring of osteoarthritis of ankle (MSOA) were used to evaluate degree of cartilage degeneration of ankle joint.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up from 24 to 48 months with an average of (33.4±6.7) months. All the anterior talofibular ligaments and calcaneofibular ligaments were dissected and reconstructed by single-tunnel pullout structure fixation. The range of motion of dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, varus, and valgus on the operative side of ankle joint were smaller than those on the healthy side. There were no statistically differences in dorsiflexion and eversion between operative side and healthy side of ankle joint (@*CONCLUSION@#Treatment of chronic lateral ankle instability with reconstruction of lateral ligament complex with single-tunnel pullout structure fixation could provide better tendon and bone healing conditions, improve surgical safety and could achieve satisfactory clinical outcomes.
Subject(s)
Aged , Ankle , Ankle Joint/surgery , Female , Humans , Infant , Joint Instability/surgery , Lateral Ligament, Ankle/surgery , Male , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Resumen: Introducción: El pinzamiento anterior de tobillo es una patología común. Se presenta con mayor frecuencia en deportistas, se caracteriza por dolor en la cara anterior acompañado de limitación funcional al realizar la dorsiflexión del tobillo. Se ha observado que la mayor parte de estas lesiones son generadas por un movimiento de inversión repetida y el deporte que más se ve involucrado es el fútbol. Material y métodos: Se trata de un estudio con diseño observacional, descriptivo, prospectivo y longitudinal de 52 pacientes consecutivos con síntomas de pinzamiento anterior de tobillo a quienes se les realizó tratamiento quirúrgico artroscópico. Su objetivo es conocer la evolución clínica con un año de seguimiento mínimo, se evaluaron variables de EVA del dolor, escalas funcionales y nivel de satisfacción personal. Resultados: Contamos con 52 pacientes, 36 pacientes masculinos y 16 femeninos. La valoración del dolor con EVA 5.75 pasó a 0.98; la valoración funcional mediante una escala AOFAS preoperatoria 73.65 puntos aumentó a 92.98 puntos y la escala SFMCP preoperatoria de 72.44 puntos subió a 95.48 puntos y 23 pacientes (44.23%) regresaron a realizar al mismo nivel previo a la lesión actividad deportiva dentro de cuatro a siete meses posteriores a la cirugía. Conclusiones: El tratamiento artroscópico del pinzamiento anterior de tobillo mostró mejoría significativa a 12 meses de seguimiento. La reincorporación a la actividad deportiva al mismo nivel previo a la lesión fue de cuatro a siete meses.
Abstract: Introduction: The anterior ankle impingement is a common pathology. It is mostly seen in athletes. Pain in the anterior portion of the ankle and limitation in the ankle's dorsiflexion are the most common symptoms. These lesions are commonly preceded by an inversion movement most commonly during soccer. Material and methods: This is a observational, descriptive, prospective and longitudinal study of 52 consecutive patients with anterior ankle impingement in whom an anterior ankle arthroscopy was perform. The objective is to know the clinical follow-up at least one year. We evaluated numeric pain scale, functional outcomes and personal satisfaction. Results: Of the 52 patients, we had 36 males, and 16 females. Pain scale moved from 5.75 to 0.98 points. The AOFAS scale moved from 73.65 preoperative to 92.98 postoperatively the SFMCP scale went form 72.44 preoperative to 94.48 postop. 23 patients (44.23%) returned to there previous level of sport with in four to seven months form the intervention. Conclusions: Arthroscopic treatment of the anterior ankle impingement showed significant improvement to 12 months of follow-up. The return to sports activity at the same level prior to the injury was four to seven months.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Ankle , Ankle Joint , Arthroscopy , Prospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Treatment Outcome , Ankle Joint/surgeryABSTRACT
La corrección de deformidades en extremidades inferiores del adulto sigue siendo un capítulo desafiante en ortopedia y traumatología. El conocimiento del alineamiento normal de las extremidades inferiores y su comportamiento son fundamentales para una adecuada planificación quirúrgica y éxito del tratamiento, especialmente en tobillo y retropié. El objetivo de esta revisión, es conocer los principios fundamentales de la corrección de deformidades, orientar en que factores fijarse al momento de corregir y poder dar una guía de cómo planificar la cirugía, particularmente en deformidades de tobillo y retropié. NIVEL DE EVIDENCIA: Nivel V.
Adult lower limb deformity corrections remain a challenging chapter in orthopedic surgery. The knowledge of the normal lower limb alignment and their behavior is essential for a proper surgical planning and treatment success, especially on foot and ankle surgery. The objective of this review is to show the main principles of deformity correction, to guide the factors to consider when correcting and to provide a surgical planning guide, particularly in the ankle and hind foot deformities.
Subject(s)
Humans , Osteotomy/methods , Foot Deformities/surgery , Ankle Joint/surgery , Orthopedic Procedures/methods , Lower Extremity/surgeryABSTRACT
Introducción: La artroscopia se ha convertido en una importante herramienta para tratar diversas afecciones del tobillo. El uso de portales anteriores y posteriores, asociados o no a distracción mecánica, permite una completa exploración de esta articulación. Como toda técnica quirúrgica, no está exenta de complicaciones. Objetivos: Evaluar las complicaciones tempranas de la artroscopia anterior de tobillo, sin distracción articular, y compararlas con las descritas en la bibliografía internacional. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo que evaluó a 198 pacientes sometidos a artroscopia anterior de tobillo por diversas patologías. Todos fueron operados por un único cirujano, en dos instituciones de salud, durante un período de 6 años, con un seguimiento posquirúrgico mínimo de 12 meses. Los pacientes fueron evaluados mediante el puntaje de la AOFAS y se consignaron las complicaciones intra y posoperatorias tempranas. Resultados: Se evaluó a 34 mujeres y 164 hombres (edad promedio 37.5 años). Hubo 23 complicaciones (11,61%): celulitis local (6 casos), parestesias transitorias del nervio peroneo superficial (4 casos), parestesia permanente del nervio peroneo superficial (1 caso), dolor residual en los portales (4 casos), artritis séptica (2 casos) y un caso de otras complicaciones. Conclusiones: Un conocimiento preciso de la anatomía, una asepsia y una técnica quirúrgica correctas, y los cuidados de manejo intraquirúrgico del instrumental permiten evitar la mayoría de las complicaciones. La artroscopia anterior de tobillo sin distracción por medio de los clásicos portales antero-lateral y antero-medial es una técnica segura, con un bajo índice de complicaciones y una muy baja morbilidad para el paciente. Nivel de Evidencia: IV
Introduction: Arthroscopy has become an important tool to treat various conditions of the ankle. The use of anterior and posterior portals, with or without mechanical distraction, allows for a complete exploration of this joint. Like all surgical techniques, it is not without complications. Objectives: To evaluate the early complications of anterior ankle arthroscopy with or without joint distraction, and to compare them with those described in the international literature. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study that evaluated 198 patients undergoing anterior ankle arthroscopy for various pathologies. All were operated on by a single surgeon, in two health centers, during a period of 6 years, with a postoperative follow-up of at least 12 months. Patients were evaluated by AOFAS score and early and postoperative complications were recorded. Results: 34 women and 164 men were evaluated (average age 37.5 years). There were 23 complications (11.61%): local cellulitis (6 cases), transient paresthesia of the superficial peroneal nerve (4 cases), permanent paresthesia of the superficial peroneal nerve (1 case), residual pain in the portals (4 cases), septic arthritis (2 cases) and one case of other complications. Conclusions: Most complications can be avoided by a precise knowledge of the anatomy and the aseptic techniques, as well as an adequate surgical approach and intra-operative management of the instrumentation. Anterior ankle arthroscopy without joint distraction through standard antero-lateral and antero-medial portals is a safe technique, having a low rate of complications and a very low morbidity for the patient. Level of Evidence: IV
Subject(s)
Adult , Postoperative Complications , Arthroscopy/methods , Ankle Joint/surgery , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to report the results of arthroscopic debridement of the subtalar joint in eight patients with Sinus Tarsi Syndrome (STS) refractory to conservative treatment. METHODS: This is a retrospective study of eight patients with STS who underwent subtalar arthroscopy for debridement of the sinus tarsi between January 2015 and January 2017 after six months of conservative treatment. All patients answered an epidemiological questionnaire and underwent functional evaluation with the Visual Analogue Pain Scale (VAS) and the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Score (AOFAS) in the preoperative and in the last evaluation (average of 12 months - 6-24 months). RESULTS: All patients showed severe synovitis in the region. Seven patients had remnants of the talocalcaneal ligaments and six of the cervical ligament. AOFAS increased by 30 points on average (51.75 in the preoperative period to 82.62 in the last follow-up) and the VAS decreased on average by 5 points (7.37 preoperatively to 2.12 in the last follow-up). These results were statistically significant with p = 0.043 and p = 0.032 respectively. Six patients described the result as excellent and two as good. No complications were reported. All patients returned to sports after six months of follow-up. CONCLUSION: The arthroscopic debridement of the subtalar joint is an effective and safe alternative in the treatment of STS refractory to conservative treatment. More studies, with a prospective methodology, are necessary to prove the results of this technique.
RESUMO OBJETIVO: O objetivo desse estudo é relatar os resultados do desbridamento artroscópico da subtalar em oito pacientes portadores da Síndrome do Seio do Tarso (SST) refratária ao tratamento conservador. MÉTODOS: Este é um estudo retrospectivo com oito pacientes com diagnóstico de STT que foram submetidos à artroscopia subtalar para desbridamento do seio do tarso entre janeiro de 2015 e janeiro de 2017, após seis meses de tratamento conservador. Todos os pacientes responderam questionário epidemiológico e foram submetidos à avaliação funcional com a Escala Visual Analógica de dor (EVA) e o American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Score (Aofas) no pré-operatório e na última avaliação, em uma média de 12 meses (6-24 meses). RESULTADOS: Todos os pacientes exibiram intensa sinovite na região. Sete pacientes tinham resquícios de ligamentos talocalcaneanos e seis do ligamento cervical. O Aofas aumentou 30 pontos em média (51,75 no pré-operatório para 82,62 no último seguimento) e a EVA diminuiu em média 5 pontos (7,37 no pré-operatório para 2,12 no último seguimento). Esses resultados foram estatisticamente significativos com p = 0,043 e p = 0,032, respectivamente. Seis pacientes descreveram o resultado como excelente e dois como bom. Nenhuma complicação foi relatada. Todos os pacientes retornaram ao esporte após seis meses de acompanhamento. CONCLUSÃO: O desbridamento artroscópico da subtalar é uma alternativa eficaz e segura no tratamento da SST refratária ao tratamento conservador. Mais estudos, com metodologia prospectiva, são necessários para comprovar os resultados da técnica.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Arthroscopy/methods , Subtalar Joint/surgery , Debridement/methods , Foot Diseases/surgery , Pain Measurement , Surveys and Questionnaires , Reproducibility of Results , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Foot Diseases/physiopathology , Joint Instability/surgery , Ankle/surgery , Ankle/physiopathology , Ankle Joint/surgery , Ankle Joint/physiopathology , Middle AgedABSTRACT
La sinovitis villonodular pigmentada es un tumor benigno del tejido sinovial de muy baja incidencia. El compromiso de tobillo es aún menos frecuente. Se requiere diagnóstico y manejo precoz para evitar secuelas funcionales y mecánicas irreversibles. Se manifiesta inicialmente con aumento de volumen de partes blandas, edema o derrame articular y puede evolucionar con dolor progresivo y daño articular avanzado. Existe una forma focal y una difusa, siendo esta última la de peor pronóstico. El examen diagnóstico de elección es la resonancia magnética, confirmándose por biopsia en la que se observa tejido sinovial inflamatorio con depósitos de hemosiderina. El tratamiento es quirúrgico y consiste en sinovectomía abierta o artroscópica. La recurrencia es de hasta un 40%, por lo que están descritas terapias coadyuvantes biológicas y radioterapia. Este artículo expone el caso de un hombre de 30 años que consulta por dolor y claudicación del tobillo izquierdo, encontrándose en el estudio imagenológico (resonancia magnética) hallazgos compatibles con sinovitis villonodular pigmentada difusa del tobillo, con extensión a la articulación subtalar, por lo que se realiza artroscopía para tratamiento y biopsia. En este reporte de caso se ilustran los resultados con este paciente y una revisión bibliográfica del tema.
Pigmented villonodular synovitis is a benign tumor of synovial tissue with a very low incidence. Ankle location is even less frequent. Early diagnosis and management are required to avoid irreversible functional and mechanical sequelae. The clinical presentation starts with edema or joint effusion and may progress with pain and advanced joint degenerative changes. Pigmented villonodular synovitis can be focal or diffuse, the latter being the type with the worst prognosis. When suspected, magnetic resonance imaging is performed, and the diagnosis confirmed with a biopsy in which synovial inflammatory tissue with hemosiderin deposits is observed. An open or arthroscopic synovectomy is preferred over surgical management. Recurrence is up to 40%, which is why biological coadjutant therapies and radiotherapy are described. This article presents the case of a 30-year-old man who presented with pain and claudication of the left ankle; the imaging study findings were compatible with diffuse pigmented villonodular synovitis of the ankle with extension to the subtalar joint, leading to arthroscopy for treatment and biopsy. This case report illustrates the results with this patient and a literature review of the subject.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Arthroscopy/methods , Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular/surgery , Ankle Joint/surgery , Pain/etiology , Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular/diagnosis , Biopsy , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Synovectomy/methods , Ankle Joint/pathologyABSTRACT
INTRODUCCIÓN: La artrodesis de tobillo es el tratamiento de elección para la enfermedad degenerativa del tobillo, dolorosa y que no mejora con tratamientos conservadores. La artrodesis de tobillo asistida por vía artroscópica, es una opción a las técnicas abiertas que si bien presentan resultados similares en cuanto a los índices de consolidación, la artrodesis artroscópica de tobillo presenta ventajas comprobadas y documentadas relacionadas con una menor morbilidad, menor estadía hospitalaria, más rápida rehabilitación y con tiempos de consolidación más rápidos. El objetivo del presente trabajo es presentar nuestra experiencia con una serie de pacientes que presentaban enfermedad degenerativa de la articulación del tobillo de diferentes causas, y que fueron tratados mediante artrodesis tibio-astragalina por asistencia artroscópica. Presentaremos las indicaciones, el detalle de la técnica quirúrgica y los resultados obtenidos. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Presentamos 11 pacientes a los cuales se les realizó una artrodesis artroscópica de tobillo. Un caso fue bilateral. Nueve fueron de sexo masculino y 2 de sexo femenino. La edad promedio al momento de la cirugía fue de 56.9 años. Los casos seleccionados fueron pacientes no fumadores y con patologías degenerativas del tobillo que presentaban dolor que no había mejorado con tratamientos conservadores y relacionadas en un caso con artritis reumatoidea (caso bilateral), cuatro casos de osteoartritis primarias y seis casos de osteoartritis de origen pós-traumático...
INTRODUCTION: Ankle arthrodesis is the treatment of choice for degenerative ankle disease, with pain and does not responded with conservative treatments. Ankle arthrodesis assisted through arthroscopy, is an option to open techniques that although they present similar results in terms of consolidation rates, arthrodesis arthroscopic ankle presents proven and documented advantages related to lower morbidity, shorter hospital stay, faster rehabilitation and faster consolidation times. The objective of this paper is to present our experience with a series of patients who presented degenerative disease of the ankle joint of different causes and who were treated by arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis. We will present the indications, the detail of the surgical technique and the results obtained. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We present eleven patients who underwent arthroscopic arthrodesis of the ankle. One case was bilateral. Nine were male and two female. The average age at the time of surgery was 56.9 years. The selected cases were non-smoking patients with degenerative ankle pathologies that presented pain that had not improved with conservative treatments and related in one case with rheumatoid arthritis (bilateral case), four cases of primary osteoarthritis and six cases of osteoarthritis of posttraumatic origin...
Subject(s)
Adult , Ankle Joint/surgery , Arthrodesis/methods , Arthroscopy/methods , Ankle Joint/pathology , Osteoarthritis/surgery , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Introducción: Las roturas del tendón de Aquiles son lesiones traumáticas frecuentes. El tratamiento generalmente es quirúrgico. La cirugía puede ser abierta o percutánea. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar los resultados clínico-funcionales en pacientes con roturas agudas del tendón de Aquiles tratados por técnica mínimamente invasiva de Dresden. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio prospectivo comparativo de 15 casos con roturas agudas del tendón de Aquiles. Se analizaron características del intraoperatorio, la hospitalización, los resultados funcionales y la evaluación de acuerdo con el puntaje de la AOFAS. El seguimiento promedio fue de 18 meses. Resultados: Se mencionan los resultados sobre la base del tiempo quirúrgico, la estadía hospitalaria, el tiempo hasta la cirugía, la carga del peso y el protocolo posoperatorio. El puntaje de la AOFAS a los 5 meses fue 94,66. El retorno a la actividad laboral fue, en promedio, a los 3.53 meses y el retorno a la actividad deportiva, a los 6.53 meses. Conclusiones: La técnica percutánea para la reparación de roturas agudas del tendón de Aquiles es una buena opción, los pacientes tienen una buena evolución y el índice de complicaciones es bajo. Nivel de Evidencia: IV
Introduction: The Achilles tendon ruptures are common traumatic injuries. Treatment is usually surgical. Surgery may be open or percutaneous. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical and functional outcomes in patients with acute Achilles ruptures treated by minimally invasive Dresden technique. Methods: Prospective study of 15 patients with acute Achilles tendon ruptures. Intraoperative characteristics, hospitalization, functional outcomes and evaluation according to AOFAS score were evaluated. The average follow-up was 18 months. Results: Results are listed based on the surgical time, hospital stay, time to surgery, weight load and postoperative protocol. The AOFAS score at five months was 94.66 points. Patients returned to work at 3.53 months on average and to their sport activities at 6.53 months Conclusions: The percutaneous technique for the repair of acute Achilles tendon rupture is a good choice. Patients have a good outcome and the rate of complications is low. Level of Evidence: IV
Subject(s)
Achilles Tendon/surgery , Achilles Tendon/injuries , Ankle Injuries/surgery , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures , Ankle Joint/surgery , Rupture , Prospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Resumen: Antecedentes: El dolor crónico de la región posterior del tobillo es generalmente debido a un conflicto entre estructuras capsuloligamentares y óseas. La presencia del os trigonum o una apófisis posterior del astrágalo pronunciada puede ocasionar por sí sola este pinzamiento. El propósito de este estudio es mostrar los resultados de la endoscopía del retropié por un pinzamiento posterior del tobillo. Material y métodos: Veinticuatro pacientes con diagnóstico de síndrome de pinzamiento posterior del tobillo fueron operados mediante técnica artroscópica posterior en el período comprendido entre 2008 y 2012. Se analizaron como variables el tipo de deporte, nivel deportivo según clasificación CLAS y retorno a la actividad deportiva. Fueron valorados según la EVA del dolor y las escalas AOFAS, SFMCP (Société Française de Médecine et Chirurgie du Pied) para el tobillo, y se evaluó la satisfacción personal con escala de Likert. Resultados: El seguimiento promedio fue de 27.13 ± 5.26 meses, con edad promedio de 31.8 ± 5.26 años; 19 fueron masculinos (79.2%) y cinco femeninos (20.8%). La valoración del dolor con EVA 5.75 pasó a 0.95; la valoración funcional mediante una escala AOFAS preoperatoria 76.22 ± 5.29 puntos aumentó a 97.21 ± 1.96 puntos y la escala SFMCP preoperatoria 77.16 ± 3.53 puntos subió a 98.54 ± 1.38 puntos. Se registró una inmovilización en promedio de 19.75 ± 2.48 días y un retorno a la actividad deportiva en promedio de 4.6 meses (± 1.27), con 66.7% (16 individuos) muy satisfechos, 29.2% (siete) satisfechos y 4.2% (uno) regularmente satisfecho. Se encontró un caso (4.2%) de distrofia simpático refleja como complicación y otro con eritema en el portal endoscópico. Conclusión: El conflicto posterior del tobillo es una patología cuyo diagnóstico es clínico y está muy relacionado con la presencia de unos trigonum o un proceso de Stieda grande, lo cual repercute con la actividad deportiva. El tratamiento artroscópico es una opción ideal para dicha patología por la adecuada evolución clínica y estética, así como un pronto retorno a una actividad deportiva.
Abstract: Background: Chronic pain on the posterior portion of the ankle is often due to posterior impingement between bony or soft tissue structures. The presence of an os trigonum or a prominent posterior apophysis of the talus can produce this impingement. The purpose of this study was to assess the outcome of hindfoot endoscopy in patients with a diagnosis of posterior ankle impingement. Material and methods: We studied 24 individuals who underwent a posterior ankle endoscopic procedure during the period between 2008 and 2012, with the diagnosis of posterior ankle impingement. We analyzed variables such as: sport, level of sports activity according to the CLAS classification, return to sport. All patients were classified in accordance to the AOFAS and SFMCP (Société Française de Médecine et Chirurgie du Pied) scores for ankle pathology. We measured patient satisfaction to the procedure with the Linkert scale. Results: The average follow-up was 27.13 ± 5.26 months. The average age of our patients was 31.8 ± 5.26 years. We had 19 male (79.2%) and five female (20.8%) patients. The average preoperative Visual Analog Scale of pain (VAS) 5.75 and postoperative was 0.95. The average preoperative AOFAS scale of 76.22 ± 5.29 rose to 97.21 ± 1.96. The average preoperative SFCMP scale of 77.16 ± 3.53 became 98.54 ± 1.38. Our patients had their ankles immobilized for an average of 19.75 ± 2.48 days. They returned to their sports activities at an average of 4.6 (± 1.27) months. Our patients rated their personal satisfaction as very satisfied in 16 cases (66.7%), satisfied in seven cases (29.2%), regular satisfaction in one case (4.2%). One patient developed a complex regional pain syndrome that was resolved with physical therapy and another had a wound erythema. Conclusion: The posterior ankle impingement is a pathology which diagnosis is mainly clinical, it is greatly associated with an os trigonum or a large Stieda process. It has a strong repercussion in the sports activities of the patients. The arthroscopic treatment is an ideal option for this pathology as it presents a good postoperative recovery with a swift return to patients preoperative sports activities.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Arthroscopy , Ankle Joint/surgery , Ankle Joint/pathology , Treatment Outcome , Endoscopy , Joint Diseases/surgeryABSTRACT
Objetivo: El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar los resultados funcionales y radiográficos a mediano plazo de la reconstrucción anatómica percutánea con injerto de semitendinoso autólogo de los ligamentos talofibular anterior (LTFA) y el ligamento calcaneofibular (LCF), más artroscopía de tobillo en los casos de inestabilidad crónica de tobillo. Materiales y métodos: Este estudio retrospectivo implicó una revisión de los registros de 20 pacientes con inestabilidad lateral crónica de tobillo, tratados desde el año 2010 hasta el año 2014. Se utilizaron la escala de puntuación VAS y de KarlssonPeterson. Se evaluó el grado de satisfacción de los pacientes. Radiográficamente se midieron ángulos de inclinación talar y cajón anterior, se evaluaron en posiciones de estrés pre y postoperatorio del tobillo. Resultados: La inestabilidad del tobillo evaluada radiográficamente mejoró significativamente: disminuyó la inclinación talar de11,5 º a 3,5º y la prueba de cajón anterior disminuyó de 7 mm preoperatoria a 3 mm postoperatoria. No hubo perdida de la movilidad articular postoperatoria: la dorsiflexión promedio, medida con un goniómetro, fue de 14,8°, en comparación con 15,1° en el tobillo no operados, y la flexión plantar promedio 46.0°, en comparación con 46.7° en el tobillo no operados. Discusión: El tratamiento combinado de reparación percutánea de los ligamentos laterales de tobillo y artroscopía es una opción viable para el tratamiento de la inestabilidad lateral crónica del tobillo y sus lesiones intrarticulares asociadas, proporcionando una fijación estable, disminuyendo los signos clínicos y radiológicos de inestabilidad, mejorando los síntomas y proporcionando resultados clínicos satisfactorios en el mediano plazo.
Objective:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the functional and radiographic results at medium term of the anatomic percutaneous reconstruction with autologus graft of the semitendinosus, of the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) and the calcaneofibular ligament (CFL), in addition to a arthroscopy in cases of chronic ankle instability. Materials and methods: This retrospective study involved a review of the records of 20 patients with chronic lateral ankle instability treated between 2010 to 2014. The KarlssonPeterson ankle rating score was used.Measured radiografically was the tilt angle and distance of the anterior drawer test, in stress positioning preoperative and postoperative of the ankle. Results: Ankle instability evaluated radiographically improved significantly decreased : talar tilt de11,5º about 3.5° and anterior drawer test decreased from 7 mm to 3 mm preoperative postoperative. There was no loss of joint mobility postoperative: The average dorsiflexion measured with goniometer was 14.8°, 15.1° compared to non-operated ankle and plantar flexion average 46.0°, compared with 46.7° ankle unoperated. Discussion: The combined treatment of percutaneous repair of the lateral ligaments and arthroscopy is a viable option for the treatment of chronic lateral instability of theankle and associated intra-articular injuries, providing a stable fixation, reducing the clinical and radiological signs of instability, improving symptoms and producing satisfactory clinical results in the medium term.
Subject(s)
Adult , Ankle Joint/surgery , Arthroscopy/methods , Joint Instability/surgery , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures , Transplantation, Autologous , Chronic Disease , Retrospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
La condromatosis sinovial es una enfermedad de etiología desconocida, poco frecuente, benigna, caracterizada por la formación de nódulos cartilaginosos metaplásicos dentro de la sinovial, bursa o vaina de tendones. Estos nódulos pueden desprenderse y convertirse en cuerpos libres dentro de la articulación. Afecta a los hombres dos veces más que las mujeres y, por lo general, ocurre entre la tercera y quinta década de la vida. Este proceso monoarticular afecta más comúnmente a la rodilla, seguido de la cadera, el codo, el hombro y tobillo. La afección extraarticular puede ocurrir si la proliferación de cuerpos libres rompen a través de la cápsula de la articulación o si las estructuras sinoviales fuera de la articulación (por ejemplo, vainas de los tendones, bursas) están involucradas. Se presenta un paciente de sexo masculino de 30 años de edad que acude por dolor en tobillo derecho, disminución del rango de movilidad y limitación progresiva para la deambulación de un año y medio de evolución. Al examen físico presentaba clínica de síndrome friccional anterior en tobillo, rango de movilidad limitado (flexión plantar 25º y dorsal 20º. No presenta antecedentes de inestabilidad previa ni comorbilidades. Con la presunción diagnóstica de condromatosis sinovial de tobillo se decidió llevar a cabo una artroscopia anterior de tobillo diagnóstica y terapéutica. Al año postoperatorio presentaba 30º de flexión plantar y 25º de flexión dorsal, sin dolor y sin recurrencia en las imágenes radiográficas. El escore del American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society mejoro de 49 puntos en el preoperatorio a 97 puntos en el postoperatorio. En el caso presentado la artrosocopía permitió el tratamiento de la condromatosis sinovial de tobillo con buen resultado al año.
Synovial chondromatosis is an uncommon, benign disease of unknown etiology characterized by the formation of metaplastic cartilaginous nodes within the synovial bursa or tendon sheath. These nodules may break off and become free in the articular joint. It affects men twice more than women and usually occurs between the third and fifth decade of life. This monoarticular process most commonly affects the knee, followed by the hip, elbow, shoulder and ankle. The extra-articular condition can occur if the proliferation of loose bodies break through the joint capsule or synovial structures outside the joint (eg, tendon sheaths, bursae) are involved. We present a male patient of 30 years old who consulted for right ankle pain, decreased range of motion and progressive ambulation limitation for a year and a half of evolution. Physical examination showed clinical anterior impingement, limited dorsal and plantar flexion (25 and 20 degrees respectively), without instability. No history of relevance. With the suspected diagnosis of synovial chondromatosis it was decided to carry out a diagnostic and therapeutic arthroscopy of the ankle. At a year postoperative showed 30 degrees plantar flexion and 25 degrees of dorsiflexion, painlessly and without recurrence in radiographic images. The American orthopaedic foot and ankle society score improves from 49 in the preop to 97 in the postop. Arthroscopic treatment for ankle synovial chondromatosis provides acceptable improvement of clinical symptoms and range of motion at a year postop.