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1.
Rev. cuba. med ; 61(2): e2590, abr.-jun. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1408999

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La fístula arteriovenosa por vía quirúrgica para hemodiálisis constituye el acceso vascular de elección, para ese proceder depurador, no obstante, repercute negativamente sobre el aparato cardiovascular. Objetivo: Actualizar aspectos conceptuales y conductuales relativos a la permanencia de la fístula arteriovenosa para hemodiálisis posterior al trasplante renal. Métodos: Se revisó la literatura publicada en los últimos cinco años en las bases de datos; PubMed/Medline y Scopus y las fuentes de información; Cochrane Library y Ebsco. Resultados: La repercusión de la fístula arteriovenosa sobre el sistema cardiovascular tiene una marcada incidencia en diferentes alteraciones estructurales y funcionales del corazón que requieren de la adopción de una conducta destinada a evitar el riesgo. Se examinan puntos de vista convergentes y divergentes relacionados con la pertinencia de la fístula arteriovenosa como acceso vascular creado para hemodiálisis y la posibilidad de mantenerla luego del trasplante renal. Conclusiones: La fístula arteriovenosa supone el acceso vascular de apropiado para la supervivencia en hemodiálisis, sin embargo, las consecuencias de su permanencia sobre el aparato cardiovascular implican riesgo añadido de morbilidad y mortalidad(AU)


Introduction: Surgical arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis is the vascular access of choice, this purifying procedure, however, has negative impact on the cardiovascular system. Objective: To bring up-to-date conceptual and behavioral aspects related to the permanence of the arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis after renal transplantation. Methods: The literature published in the last five years was reviewed in PubMed/Medline and Scopus and information sources; Cochrane Library and Ebsco databases. Results: The repercussion of the arteriovenous fistula on the cardiovascular system has a marked incidence in different structural and functional alterations of the heart that require the adoption of a behavior to avoid risks. Convergent and divergent points of view related to the relevance of the arteriovenous fistula as a vascular access created for hemodialysis and the possibility of maintaining it after renal transplantation are examined. Conclusions: The arteriovenous fistula is the appropriate vascular access for survival in hemodialysis, however, the consequences of its permanence on the cardiovascular system imply an added risk of morbidity and mortality(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Cardiovascular System , Arteriovenous Fistula/epidemiology , Renal Dialysis/methods , Kidney Transplantation , Cardiovascular Abnormalities/complications
2.
J. vasc. bras ; 21: e20210199, 2022. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1375804

ABSTRACT

Abstract Co-occurrence of acute limb ischemia (ALI) and arteriovenous fistula (AVF) as a manifestation of inadvertent arterial injury during percutaneous femoral vein dialysis catheter insertion is a rare and dangerous, but preventable complication. Iatrogenic femoral AVF commonly presents late, with leg swelling or high output cardiac failure. However, the co-occurrence of a femoral AVF with both progressive leg swelling, and acute thromboembolism has not been previously reported. We report the case of an iatrogenic femoral AVF with superficial femoral artery (SFA) thrombosis and distal embolism in a 53-year-old female who underwent percutaneous femoral access for temporary hemodialysis. Both the SFA and AVF were managed with open surgical repair.


Resumo A coocorrência de isquemia aguda de membro (IAM) e fístula arteriovenosa (FAV) como uma manifestação de lesão arterial inadvertida durante a inserção de cateter para hemodiálise por via femoral percutânea é uma complicação rara e perigosa, porém evitável. A FAV femoral iatrogênica geralmente tem apresentação tardia, com edema dos membros inferiores ou insuficiência cardíaca de alto débito. No entanto, a coocorrência de FAV femoral com edema progressivo dos membros inferiores e tromboembolismo agudo não foi previamente relatada. Relatamos o caso de uma FAV femoral iatrogênica com trombose da artéria femoral superficial (AFS) e embolia distal em uma paciente do sexo feminino, 53 anos, submetida à acesso femoral percutâneo para hemodiálise temporária. Tanto a AFS quanto a FAV foram manejadas com reparo cirúrgico aberto.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Arteriovenous Fistula/complications , Femoral Artery , Vascular Access Devices/adverse effects , Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia/complications , Thrombosis/surgery , Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects , Arteriovenous Fistula/surgery , Renal Dialysis , Femoral Vein
3.
J. vasc. bras ; 21: e20210130, 2022. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1365073

ABSTRACT

Resumo Contexto A maior sobrevida dos doentes dialíticos somada à incapacidade de obtenção de órgãos suficientes para atender a demanda, bem como à dificuldade de acesso aos serviços de saúde, levou ao aumento da fila para transplante e ao prolongamento do tempo de utilização do acesso venoso central para hemodiálise. A etiologia mais comum de estenose de veia central é o acesso venoso central prolongado, pelas lesões intimais decorrentes da presença do cateter. Objetivos Avaliar resultados de angioplastia para tratamento de doença oclusiva venosa central com fístula arteriovenosa periférica funcionante. Métodos Estudo tipo coorte retrospectivo com revisão de prontuários de 47 doentes com lesões estenóticas ou oclusivas. A avaliação dos doentes foi realizada em 30 dias, 6 meses e 1 ano após a recanalização ou correção da estenose com ATP ou ATP/aplicação de stent. Resultados Lesões estenóticas foram encontradas em 25 doentes (53%), e oclusões, em 22 (47%) doentes. A angioplastia percutânea transluminal (ATP) com stent foi utilizada em 64% dos doentes, e angioplastia isolada com balão, em 36% deles. A análise de resultados clínicos mostrou elevada taxa de melhora clínica precoce (30 dias) em 82% dos doentes (intervalo de confiança [IC] 71-93%). Após 1 ano de seguimento, a taxa de perviedade primária foi de 57%, e a taxa de perviedade primária assistida foi de 72% (IC 57-84%). Conclusão O tratamento endovascular das estenoses ou oclusões de veia central sugere melhora clínica dos sintomas e taxas adequadas de perviedade no período de 1 ano, apesar da limitação no tamanho amostral.


Abstract Background The increased survival of dialysis patients and the inability to obtain sufficient organs to meet demand for transplantation, compounded by poor access to health services, have caused the transplant waiting lists to grow, extending the time spent using central venous accesses for hemodialysis. The most common etiology of central vein stenosis is prolonged central venous access, due to intimal injuries caused by the presence of the catheter. Objectives To assess the results of angioplasty to treat central vein occlusion in patients with functioning peripheral arteriovenous fistulas. Methods Retrospective cohort study with review of medical records from 47 patients with stenotic or occlusive lesions. Patients were assessed at 30 days, 6 months, and 1 year after recanalization or correction of stenosis with transluminal percutaneous angioplasty (TPA) or TPA/stenting. Results Stenotic lesions were detected in 25 patients (53%) and occlusions were found in 22 (47%) patients. TPA with stenting was used in 64% of patients and balloon angioplasty in isolation was used in 36%. Analysis of clinical results showed a high rate of early clinical improvement (30 days), seen in 82% of patients (confidence interval [CI] 71-93%). After 1 year of follow-up, the primary patency rate was 57% and the assisted primary patency rate was 72% (CI 57-84%). Conclusions Endovascular treatment of central vein stenosis or occlusions suggests clinical improvement of symptoms and adequate rates of patency at 1 year, notwithstanding the limited sample size.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Arterial Occlusive Diseases/therapy , Arteriovenous Fistula/therapy , Angioplasty/methods , Constriction, Pathologic/therapy , Retrospective Studies , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Upper Extremity
4.
J. vasc. bras ; 21: e20190001, 2022. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1365069

ABSTRACT

Resumo A artéria femoral profunda, devido às suas características anatômicas, se encontra protegida da maioria dos traumatismos vasculares. Relatamos um caso de pseudoaneurisma de ramo perfurante da artéria femoral profunda, associado à fístula arteriovenosa, secundário a rotura completa do músculo vasto medial em paciente jogador de futebol. A ressonância magnética demonstrou lesão muscular associada a pseudoaneurisma, e a angiotomografia confirmou a presença de pseudoaneurisma associado a fístula arteriovenosa de ramo da artéria femoral profunda. Foi realizado tratamento endovascular da fístula através da embolização com micromolas fibradas e drenagem cirúrgica do hematoma muscular. O paciente evoluiu bem, sem queixas clínicas no 30º dia de pós-operatório e também após 1 ano.


Abstract Due to its anatomical characteristics, the deep femoral artery is protected from most vascular injuries. We report a case of a soccer player with pseudoaneurysm of a perforating branch of the deep femoral artery, associated with an arteriovenous fistula and secondary to complete rupture of the vastus medialis muscle. Magnetic resonance imaging showed muscle damage associated with a pseudoaneurysm and angiotomography confirmed the presence of a pseudoaneurysm associated with a deep arteriovenous fistula of a branch of the deep femoral artery. Endovascular treatment of the fistula was performed by embolization with fibrous microcoils and surgical drainage of the muscle hematoma. The patient recovered well, was free from clinical complaints on the 30th postoperative day and also after 1 year.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Arteriovenous Fistula/therapy , Aneurysm, False , Quadriceps Muscle/injuries , Femoral Artery/injuries , Rupture , Angiography , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Ultrasonography, Doppler , Embolization, Therapeutic , Femoral Artery/diagnostic imaging , Endovascular Procedures
5.
Acta de Otorrinolaringología Cir. Cabeza cuello. ; 50(2): 139-142, 20220000. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1382346

ABSTRACT

El tinnitus es una entidad común y al ser de características pulsátiles es importante identificar su etiología dado los riesgos y morbilidad que conlleva, como tumores de origen vascular o malformaciones arteriovenosas. Objetivo: se describe el caso de una paciente con tinnitus pulsátil asociado con un shunt arteriovenoso de origen dural que recibió tratamiento endovascular. Resultados: mostrar el seguimiento clínico y endovascular de una paciente con tinnitus pulsátil con malformación arteriovenosa y resolución de síntomas a los 18 meses de seguimiento. Discusión: la importancia de estudiar los pacientes con tinnitus pulsátil radica en determinar posibles causas de origen vascular que expliquen sus síntomas, las cuales, en su mayoría, no son evidentes en la valoración inicial. Conclusión: realizar un diagnóstico adecuado permite optimizar el tratamiento de cada paciente; en el tinnitus pulsátil asociado con shunts arteriovenosos la embolización selectiva suele ser exitosa y segura, y logra resolver por completo los síntomas.


Tinnitus is a commun entity, as it's pulsatile characteristics, it's important to identify its etiology given the risk and morbidity that entails, such as tumors of vascular origin or arteriovenous malformations. Objective: to describe the clinical case of a patient with pulsatile tinnitus associated with an arteriovenous shunt of dural origin, this patient received endovascular treatment. Results: To show the clinical followup and endovascular findings of a patient with pulsatile tinnitus with arteriovenous malformation who required endovascular treatment, the patient shows resolution of symptoms in the follow-up at 18 months. Discussion: The importance of studying patients with pulsatile tinnitus lies in determining possible causes of vascular origin that explain their symptoms, wich're mostly not evident in the initial evaluation. Conclusion: Making an adequate diagnosis allows optimizing the treatment of each patient, in pulsatile tinnitus associated with arteriovenous shunts, selective embolization's usually successful and safe, allowing the symptoms to be completely resolved.


Subject(s)
Humans , Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical , Tinnitus , Arteriovenous Fistula
6.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 40(4): 339-348, 26/11/2021.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362079

ABSTRACT

Introduction The middle meningeal artery (MMA) is an important artery in neurosurgery. As the largest branch of the maxillary artery, it provides nutrition to the meninges and to the frontal and parietal regions. Diseases, including dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF), pseudoaneurysm, true aneurysm, traumatic arteriovenous fistula (TAVF), Moya-Moya disease (MMD), recurrent chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH), migraine, and meningioma,may be related to the MMA. The aim of the present study is to describe the anatomy of the MMA and to correlate it with brain diseases. Methods A literature review was performed using the PubMed, Scielo, Scientific Direct, Ebsco, LILACS, TripDataBase and Cochrane databases, with the following descriptors: neurosurgery, neuroanatomy, meninges and blood supply. Discussion The MMA is embedded in a cranial groove, and traumatic or iatrogenic factors can result in MMA-associated pseudoaneurysms or arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs). In hemodynamic stress, true aneurysms can develop. Arteriovenous fistulas, pseudoaneurysms, and true aneurysms can be effectively treated by endovascular or surgical removal. In MMD, the MMA plays a role in the development and in the improvement of collateral circulation. Finally, in cases of CSDH, when standard surgery and drainage fail, MMA embolization can constitute a great alternative. Conclusion The MMA is a relevant structure for the understanding of neurosurgical diseases. In conclusion, every neurosurgeon must know the anatomy of the MMA sufficiently to correlate it with the diagnosed pathology, thus obtaining treatment effectiveness and preventing brain lesion.


Subject(s)
Craniocerebral Trauma/surgery , Meningeal Arteries/anatomy & histology , Meningeal Arteries/physiopathology , Intracranial Aneurysm/complications , Arteriovenous Fistula/surgery , Aneurysm, False/surgery , Embolization, Therapeutic/methods
7.
urol. colomb. (Bogotá. En línea) ; 30(4): 313-318, 15/12/2021. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1369062

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del presente artículo es mostrar una serie de alteraciones peneanas que, aunque frecuentes en la consulta de medicina sexual, son minimizadas, la mayoría de las veces por desconocimiento de los terapeutas, aunque para los pacientes que las padecen sean genuinas tragedias personales. Hemos revisado la literatura disponible sobre un grupo de seis patologías venosas especificas del pene que configuran el grupo más representativo. Se incluyen las frecuentes e indolentes venas superficiales tortuosas, los cirsoceles o flebectasias, las fugas venosas dorsales, que suelen ser una patología congénita, las deformantes malformaciones venosas del glande, la desconcertante y enigmática enfermedad de Mondor, y las fístulas arteriovenosas, con su riesgo de priapismo de alto flujo implícito. Todas se consideran alteraciones patológicas que requieren intervenciones menores en su tratamiento, excepto ciertos casos de fugas venosas y de fístulas, cuyo manejo es invasivo, y que, en conjunto, buscan una mejor comprensión de los hallazgos cotidianos en este órgano.


The objective of the present article is to describe a series of penile alterations that, although frequent in the sexual medicine consultation, are minimized, most of the time due to ignorance of the therapists, but, for the patients who suffer them, they are real personal tragedies. We have reviewed the literature available on a group of six specific venous pathologies of the penis that make up the most representative group. They include the frequent and indolent tortuous superficial veins, the cirsoceles or phlebectasias, the dorsal venous leaks, which are usually a congenital pathology, the deforming venous malformations of the glans, the enigmatic Mondor disease, and the arteriovenous fistulas, with their implicit risk of high-flow priapism. All are considered pathological alterations that require minor interventions in their treatment, except for certain cases of venous leaks and fistulas, whose management is invasive, and which together seek a better understanding of the common findings in this organ.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Penis , Congenital Abnormalities , Veins , Pathology , Priapism , Arteriovenous Fistula , Literature
9.
Rev. cuba. angiol. cir. vasc ; 22(2): e210, 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1289362

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Existe un incremento anual de pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica tributarios a hemodiálisis. Para la realización de esta se requiere de la correcta inserción de accesos vasculares que sean duraderos y funcionales. Objetivo: Caracterizar la durabilidad y funcionabilidad de las fístulas arterio-venosas en pacientes no diabéticos con enfermedad renal crónica. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio ambispectivo en 60 pacientes no diabéticos, con enfermedad renal crónica, portadores de una fístula arterio-venosa interna autóloga. Se describieron las variables: edad, sexo, grado de la enfermedad, lugar de confección, durabilidad, funcionabilidad, intentos, superficialización, uso de prótesis de poli-tetra-fluoro-etileno y complicaciones. Resultados: La edad media de los pacientes fue de 55,7 ± 12,7 años y la mitad estuvo entre 40 y 59 años. Los del sexo masculino ocuparon el 71,7 por ciento. Las fístulas duraderas (66,7 por ciento) y las funcionales (71,7 por ciento) se mostraron como las de mayor aparición. Los pacientes con la enfermedad en grado 4 ocuparon el 51,7 por ciento. Las fístulas en zonas radio-cefálica (43,3 por ciento) y húmero-cefálica (45 por ciento) primaron. Solo el 71,7 por ciento tuvo un intento de cirugía. Únicamente en el 20 por ciento se realizó superficialización y cuatro pacientes (6,4 por ciento) recibieron prótesis de poli-tetra-fluoro-etileno. La trombosis representó la complicación más frecuente (25 por ciento). Conclusiones: La durabilidad y la funcionabilidad de las fístulas elaboradas se asociaron con factores como el grado de la enfermedad, el número de intentos, el uso de prótesis vasculares y las complicaciones(AU)


Introduction: There is an annual increase of patients with chronic renal impairment who need haemodialysis. The correct insertion of vascular accesses that are durable and functional is required to perform haemodialysis. Objective: Characterize the durability and functionability of arterio-venous fistulas in non-diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease. Methods: An ambispective study was conducted in 60 non-diabetic patients, with chronic kidney disease carrying an autologous internal arterio-venous fistula. The described variables were: age, sex, stage of the disease, place of manufacture, durability, workability, attempts, superficialization, use of polytetrafluoroethylene prostheses, and complications. Results: The average age of patients was 55.7 ± 12.7 years and half were between 40 and 59 years old. Males were 71.7 percent. Durable (66.7 percent) and functional (71.7 percent) fistulas were shown as the most common ones. Patients with a grade 4 disease represented the 51.7 percent. Fistulas in radio-cephalic zones (43.3 percent) and humerus-cephalic zone (45 percent) prevailed. Only 71.7 percent had an attempt of surgery. Only 20 percent had superficialization and four patients (6.4 percent) received polytetrafluoroethylene prostheses. Thrombosis was the most common complication (25 percent). Conclusions: The durability and functionability of the prepared fistulas were associated with factors such as the stage of the disease, the number of attempts, the use of vascular prostheses, and the complications(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Arteriovenous Fistula/epidemiology , Renal Dialysis/methods , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/etiology
10.
rev. cuid. (Bucaramanga. 2010) ; 12(3): 1-16, 20210821.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1343784

ABSTRACT

Introdução: As complicações relacionadas ao acesso vascular para hemodiálise podem resultar em intervenções complexas, contudo, cuidados adotados pelos profissionais de saúde e pacientes adultos podem evitá-las. Objetivou-se analisar a produção científica acerca dos cuidados com acessos vasculares utilizados na hemodiálise para elaboração do conteúdo de uma cartilha educativa voltada ao autocuidado do paciente. Método: Revisão integrativa de literatura realizada nas bases de dados: LILACS, PUBMED, BDENF, SciELO e CINAHL. A busca dos estudos deu-se entre setembro e novembro de 2019, nos idiomas português, inglês ou espanhol, utilizando os termos dos DeCS e MeSH. A seleção dos artigos foi realizada por três pesquisadores e foram extraídas informações: país, ano de publicação, delineamento do estudo, número de pacientes, intervenções, desfechos e nível de evidência científica. Selecionaram-se 10 artigos processados no software IRAMUTEQ® e analisados descritivamente pelo modelo de Reinert. Resultados: Organizaram-se sete classes: Cuidados com o cateter após a hemodiálise; Cuidados com a FAV antes da hemodiálise; Cuidados com a FAV após a hemodiálise; Cuidados para evitar a interrupção do funcionamento da FAV; Autocuidado dos pacientes com a FAV; Cuidados realizados pela equipe de enfermagem; Conhecimento do paciente acerca dos cuidados com a pele e punção da FAV. Conclusão: Identificou-se que os cuidados com os acessos vasculares mais frequentes se relacionam com a fístula arteriovenosa, demonstrando sua grande representatividade no tratamento do paciente com doença renal crônica. A síntese do conhecimento proporcionada nesta revisão foi utilizada para a elaboração de uma cartilha educativa já validada por especialistas e por pacientes que realizam hemodiálise.


Introducción: Las complicaciones relacionadas con el acceso vascular a la hemodiálisis pueden resultar en intervenciones complejas, sin embargo, los cuidados prestados por los profesionales de la salud y los pacientes adultos pueden evitarlas. El objetivo es analizar la producción científica sobre los cuidados con accesos vasculares utilizados en la hemodiálisis para la elaboración del contenido de una cartilla educativa para el autocuidado del paciente. Método: Revisión integrativa de la literatura realizada en las bases de datos: LILACS, PUBMED, BDENF, SciELO y CINAHL. La búsqueda de los estudios se realizó entre septiembre y noviembre de 2019, en los idiomas portugués, inglés o español, utilizando los términos del DeCS y MeSH. La selección de los artículos fue realizada por tres investigadores y se extrajo la información: país, año de publicación, diseño del estudio, número de pacientes, intervenciones, resultados y nivel de evidencia científica. Se seleccionaron diez artículos procesados en el software IRAMUTEQ® y analizados descriptivamente mediante el modelo de Reinert. Resultados: Se organizaron siete clases: Cuidados del catéter después de la hemodiálisis; Cuidados de la FAV antes de la hemodiálisis; Cuidados de la FAV después de la hemodiálisis; Cuidados para evitar la interrupción del funcionamiento de la FAV; Autocuidado del paciente con la FAV; Cuidados realizados por el equipo de enfermería; Conocimiento del paciente sobre el cuidado de la piel y la punción de la FAV. Conclusión: Se identificó que los cuidados con los accesos vasculares más frecuentes se relacionan con la fístula arteriovenosa, y su gran representatividad en el tratamiento del paciente con enfermedad renal crónica. La síntesis del conocimiento proporcionada en esta revisión se utilizó para la elaboración de una cartilla educativa ya validada por especialistas y por pacientes que realizan hemodiálisis.


Introduction: Complications related to vascular access for hemodialysis can result in complex interventions, however, care taken by health professionals and adult patients can avoid them. The objective was to analyze the scientific production about care with vascular access used in hemodialysis for the development of the content of an educational booklet aimed at patient self-care. Method: Integrative literature review carried out in the following databases: LILACS, PUBMED, BDENF, SciELO and CINAHL. The search for studies took place between September and November 2019, in Portuguese, English or Spanish, using the terms of DeCS and MeSH. The selection of articles was performed by three researchers and information was extracted: country, year of publication, study design, number of patients, interventions, outcomes and level of scientific evidence. Ten articles processed in the IRAMUTEQ® software and descriptively analyzed using the Reinert model were selected. Results: Seven classes were organized: Catheter care after hemodialysis; Care of the AVF before hemodialysis; Care with AVF after hemodialysis; Care to avoid interruption of AVF operation; Self-care of patients with AVF; Care performed by the nursing team; Patient knowledge about skin care and AVF puncture. Conclusion: It was identified that the care with the most frequent vascular accesses is related to the arteriovenous fistula, demonstrating its great representation in the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease. The synthesis of knowledge provided in this review was used to prepare an educational booklet that has already been validated by specialists and by patients undergoing hemodialysis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Arteriovenous Fistula , Renal Dialysis , Adult , Central Venous Catheters , Nursing Care
11.
J. bras. nefrol ; 43(2): 263-268, Apr.-June 2021. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1365018

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The Fistula First Breakthrough Initiative, founded in 2003, was responsible for changing the access profile in the United States, increasing the prevalence of arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) by 50% and reducing that of arteriovenous grafts (AVGs). However, the concept that AVFs are always the best access for all patients has been challenged. Discussion points are: (1) the questionable survival benefit of AVFs over AVGs, if one takes into account the high rates of primary AVF failure; (2) the potential benefits of using AVGs for greater primary success; and (3) the questionable benefit of AVFs over AVGs in patients with shorter survival, such as the elderly. The high rate of primary failure and maturation procedures leads to prolonged use of catheters, and it is one of the weaknesses of the fistula first strategy. AVGs proved to be better than AVFs as a second access after the failure of a first AVF, and in patients with non-ideal vessels, with greater primary success and reduced catheter times. AVGs appear to have a similar survival to AVFs in patients older than 80 years, with less primary failures and interventions to promote maturation. The most recent KDOQUI guidelines suggest an individualized approach in access planning, taking into account life expectancy, comorbidities and individual vascular characteristics, with the aim of chosing adequate access for the right patient, at the right time, for the right reasons.


RESUMO A Fistula First Breakthrough Initiative, fundada em 2003, foi responsável pela mudança do perfil dos acessos nos Estados Unidos, aumentando em 50% a prevalência das fístulas arteriovenosas (FAVs) e reduzindo a de enxertos arteriovenosos (EAVs). No entanto, o conceito de que as FAVs são sempre o melhor acesso para todos os pacientes vem sofrendo questionamentos. São pontos de discussão: (1) o questionável benefício de sobrevida das FAVs sobre os EAVs, se levadas em conta as altas taxas de falência primária das FAVs; (2) os potenciais benefícios no uso de EAVs pelo maior sucesso primário; e (3) o benefício questionável das FAVs sobre os EAVs em pacientes com menor sobrevida, como os idosos. A alta taxa de falência primária e de procedimentos para maturação leva ao uso prolongado de cateteres e é um dos pontos fracos da estratégia "Fistula First". Os EAVs mostraram superioridade em relação às FAVs como segundo acesso após a falência de uma primeira FAV e em pacientes com vasos não ideais, com maior sucesso primário e redução dos tempos de cateter. Os EAVs parecem ter sobrevida semelhante à das FAVs nos idosos acima de 80 anos, com menos falências primárias e intervenções para maturação. As diretrizes mais recentes do KDOQUI sugerem uma abordagem individualizada no planejamento dos acessos, levando-se em conta expectativa de vida, comorbidades e características vasculares individuais, com o objetivo de indicar acesso adequado para o paciente adequado, no tempo adequado, pelos motivos adequados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical , Arteriovenous Fistula , Kidney Failure, Chronic , Retrospective Studies , Renal Dialysis , Treatment Outcome
12.
Rev. cuba. med ; 60(2): e1592,
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1280359

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La hemobilia es por definición una causa de hemorragia digestiva alta, donde existe una comunicación de la vía biliar en cualquiera de sus segmentos con vasos sanguíneos que desembocan a través de la ampolla de Vater. Su presentación es infrecuente y no sospechada en la práctica clínica diaria de gastroenterólogos, cirujanos, hepatólogos, clínicos e intensivistas, con un difícil manejo diagnóstico-terapéutico y una elevada morbi-mortalidad. Objetivo: Describir tres casos de pacientes con diagnóstico de hemobilia. Desarrollo: Se presentan tres casos con hemobilia que tuvieron una elevada mortalidad y con diferente etiología; en el primer caso por trombosis de la arteria hepática postrasplante hepático, el segundo secundario a un colangiocarcinoma de la unión hepatocística y el tercero con diagnóstico de un aneurisma de la arteria hepática derecha confirmado y parcialmente tratado por angiotomografía, posteriormente intervenido quirúrgicamente y único sobreviviente. Conclusiones: Resultaron tres casos con hemobilia de diferentes causas, con una elevada mortalidad por la intensidad de la hemorragia digestiva alta y las comorbilidades asociadas, además de señalar que ninguno de ellos presentó la tríada clásica reportada por Quincke(AU)


Introduction: Hemobilia is, by definition, a cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, where there is a communication of the bile duct in any of its segments with blood vessels that flow through the ampulla of Vater. It is rare and it is not suspected in the daily clinical practice of gastroenterologists, surgeons, hepatologists, clinicians and intensivists, hence the diagnostic-therapeutic management is difficult and it has high morbidity and mortality. Objective: To report three cases of patients with a diagnosis of hemobilia. Case report: We report three cases of hemobilia of high mortality and different etiology. The first case had post-liver transplantation hepatic artery thrombosis, the second had asecondary cholangiocarcinoma of the hepatocystic junction and the third had diagnosis of confirmed right hepatic artery aneurysm partially treated by CT angiography, subsequently operated on and the only survivor. Conclusions: These three hemobilia cases had different causes, and high mortality due to the intensity of the upper gastrointestinal bleeding and the associated comorbidities, in addition to noting that none of them exhibited the classic triad reported by Quincke(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Arteriovenous Fistula/epidemiology , Cholangiocarcinoma/epidemiology , Hemobilia/diagnosis , Hemobilia/etiology
13.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 119(3): 152-161, Junio 2021. tab, ilus
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1222429

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Las malformaciones vasculares cerebrales de alto flujo son poco comunes en la edad pediátrica. El objetivo del trabajo es diferenciar y agrupar estas enfermedades según edad de debut, manifestaciones clínicas y angioarquitectura.Población y método. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo y observacional. Se analizaron las historias clínicas, los estudios por imágenes y los protocolos de procedimientos de pacientes del Hospital J. P. Garrahan con diagnóstico de malformaciones vasculares cerebrales desde enero de 2010 hasta enero de 2020.Resultados. Ciento ochenta y tres pacientes cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Se identificaron 131 pacientes con malformaciones arteriovenosas con nido (MAV) y 52 con fístulas directas (sin nido), entre los que se hallaron 19 malformaciones aneurismáticas de vena de Galeno, 23 fístulas piales y 10 fístulas durales. La edad promedio fue de 105 meses para las MAV, 1,7 meses para las malformaciones aneurismáticas de vena de Galeno, 60,5 meses para fístulas piales y 41 meses para fístulas durales.Conclusión. Según su angioarquitectura, las malformaciones vasculares cerebrales de alto flujo tuvieron nido (MAV) o fueron fístulas directas (malformaciones aneurismáticas de vena de Galeno, fístulas piales y fístulas durales). Las MAV se manifestaron a partir de la primera infancia, sobre todo, por hemorragia intracraneana. Las fístulas directas se expresaron en la primera etapa de la vida, frecuentemente, con insuficiencia cardíaca.


Introduction. High-flow vascular malformations of the brain are uncommon in pediatrics. The objective of this study is to establish the differences among these pathologies and group them by age at onset, clinical manifestations, and angioarchitecture.Population and method. This was a retrospective and observational study. The medical records, imaging studies, and procedure protocols of patients seen at Hospital J. P. Garrahan diagnosed with vascular malformations of the brain between January 2010 and January 2020 were analyzed.Results. A total of 183 patients met the inclusion criteria. It was possible to identify 131 patients with arteriovenous malformations with a nidus (AVMs) and 52 with direct fistulas (without a nidus), including 19 vein of Galen aneurysmal malformations, 23 pial fistulas, and 10 dural fistulas. The average age of patients was 105 months for AVMs, 1.7 months for vein of Galen aneurysmal malformations, 60.5 months for pial fistulas, and 41 months for dural fistulas.Conclusion. Based on their angioarchitecture, high-flow vascular malformations of the brain presented a nidus (AVMs) or direct fistulas (vein of Galen aneurysmal malformations, pial fistulas, and dural fistulas). AVMs were observed in early childhood, especially due to intracranial hemorrhage. Direct fistulas occurred in the first stage of life, commonly with heart failure.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Arteriovenous Malformations/therapy , Arteriovenous Malformations/diagnostic imaging , Retrospective Studies , Arteriovenous Fistula/therapy , Arteriovenous Fistula/diagnostic imaging , Intracranial Hemorrhages , Vein of Galen Malformations/therapy , Vein of Galen Malformations/diagnostic imaging , Heart Failure
14.
J. bras. nefrol ; 43(2): 263-268, Apr.-June 2021. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1286944

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The Fistula First Breakthrough Initiative, founded in 2003, was responsible for changing the access profile in the United States, increasing the prevalence of arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) by 50% and reducing that of arteriovenous grafts (AVGs). However, the concept that AVFs are always the best access for all patients has been challenged. Discussion points are: (1) the questionable survival benefit of AVFs over AVGs, if one takes into account the high rates of primary AVF failure; (2) the potential benefits of using AVGs for greater primary success; and (3) the questionable benefit of AVFs over AVGs in patients with shorter survival, such as the elderly. The high rate of primary failure and maturation procedures leads to prolonged use of catheters, and it is one of the weaknesses of the fistula first strategy. AVGs proved to be better than AVFs as a second access after the failure of a first AVF, and in patients with non-ideal vessels, with greater primary success and reduced catheter times. AVGs appear to have a similar survival to AVFs in patients older than 80 years, with less primary failures and interventions to promote maturation. The most recent KDOQUI guidelines suggest an individualized approach in access planning, taking into account life expectancy, comorbidities and individual vascular characteristics, with the aim of chosing adequate access for the right patient, at the right time, for the right reasons.


RESUMO A Fistula First Breakthrough Initiative, fundada em 2003, foi responsável pela mudança do perfil dos acessos nos Estados Unidos, aumentando em 50% a prevalência das fístulas arteriovenosas (FAVs) e reduzindo a de enxertos arteriovenosos (EAVs). No entanto, o conceito de que as FAVs são sempre o melhor acesso para todos os pacientes vem sofrendo questionamentos. São pontos de discussão: (1) o questionável benefício de sobrevida das FAVs sobre os EAVs, se levadas em conta as altas taxas de falência primária das FAVs; (2) os potenciais benefícios no uso de EAVs pelo maior sucesso primário; e (3) o benefício questionável das FAVs sobre os EAVs em pacientes com menor sobrevida, como os idosos. A alta taxa de falência primária e de procedimentos para maturação leva ao uso prolongado de cateteres e é um dos pontos fracos da estratégia "Fistula First". Os EAVs mostraram superioridade em relação às FAVs como segundo acesso após a falência de uma primeira FAV e em pacientes com vasos não ideais, com maior sucesso primário e redução dos tempos de cateter. Os EAVs parecem ter sobrevida semelhante à das FAVs nos idosos acima de 80 anos, com menos falências primárias e intervenções para maturação. As diretrizes mais recentes do KDOQUI sugerem uma abordagem individualizada no planejamento dos acessos, levando-se em conta expectativa de vida, comorbidades e características vasculares individuais, com o objetivo de indicar acesso adequado para o paciente adequado, no tempo adequado, pelos motivos adequados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical , Arteriovenous Fistula , Kidney Failure, Chronic , Retrospective Studies , Renal Dialysis , Treatment Outcome
15.
Int. j. med. surg. sci. (Print) ; 8(1): 1-13, mar. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1151571

ABSTRACT

Las complicaciones cardiovasculares representan la principal causa de morbilidad y mortalidad en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica, por lo que el objetivo de este artículo es demostrar la influencia de la permanencia de la fístula arteriovenosa sobre variables eco cardiográficamente mensuradas en el corazón izquierdo. Para ello, se definió un estudio multivariable, longitudinal, prospectivo y controlado de grupos independientes después de una intervención que incluyó 39 pacientes a los que se le cerró el angioacceso (grupo de estudio) y 42 que no fueron expuestos a la cirugía (grupo control). Ambos grupos exhibían trasplante renal funcionante. Los principales resultados surgenal comparar el predominio entre el grupo de estudio con el de control, la edad promedio; 45,6 y 44,1 años, el sexo masculino, 24 (60%) y 23 (53,5%) y el color de la piel blanca; 33 (82,5%) y 32 (74,4%). La etiología de la nefropatía originaria más frecuente fue la nefropatía vascular hipertensiva; 12 (30%) vs 14 (32,6%). Entre las manifestaciones clínicas, en el grupo de estudio se evidenció remisión de las palpitaciones y la disnea de esfuerzo. Respecto a la tensión arterial, para la sistólica oscilaba; de 123 ±13,4 a 120,5 ±9,2 vs de 125,6 ±8,4 a 128 ±8,3 mm Hg (p= 0,000), mientras la diastólica variaba de; 76,8 ±7,5 a 76,3 ±6,2 vs 78,6 ±4,9 a 82,4 ±3,9 mm Hg (p= 0,000). El hematocrito comportaba valores equivalentes; 0,43 ±0,06 y 0,45 ±0,06 vs 0,42 ±0,05 y 0,42 ±0,06 l/l (p= 0,035) y la creatinina sérica mostró descenso en los pacientes intervenidos de; 106,8 ± 26,2 hasta 99,8 ±23,9 µ Mol/l vs 114 ±27,8 a 120,3 ±31 µ Mol/l (p= 0,002). Las variables ecocardiográficas mensuradas comparativamente según la localización de los angioaccesos a nivel del codo izquierdo; diámetro del ventrículo izquierdo: 3,12 ±4,08 vs 1,48 ±3,46 mms (p=0,001), fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo: 2,99 ±5,47 vs -1,98 ±6,23 % (p=0,018) y el volumen telediastólico: -23 ±33,41 vs 10,86 ±36,87 ml (p=0,006). El codo contralateral revelaba; para la fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo: 3,32 ±3,42 vs -2,18 ±4,78 % (p=0,037) y para el gasto cardíaco: -1,29 ±0,88 vs -0,26 ±0,86 l/min (0,020). Las conclusiones demuestran que el cierre del angioacceso a pacientes con trasplante renal funcionante respecto a los no intervenidos, contribuye a la regresión de las alteraciones morfológicas y hemodinámicas constatadas por ecocardiografía transtorácica en el corazón izquierdo a nivel de las diferentes localizaciones de los accesos vasculares.


Cardiovascular complications represent the main cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic renal disease, so the objective of this article is to demonstrate the influence of the patency of the arteriovenous fistula on echocardiographic variables measured in the left heart. For this, a multivariate study, longitudinal, prospective and controlled study of independent groups after an intervention that included 39 patients who had their angioaccess closed (study group) and 42 who were not exposed to surgery (control group). Both groups exhibited functional kidney transplantation. The main results emerge when comparing the prevalence between the study group and the control group, the average age; 45.6 and 44.1 years, the male sex, 24 (60%) and 23 (53.5%) and the white skin color; 33 (82.5%) and 32 (74.4%). The most frequent etiology of the original nephropathy was hypertensive vascular nephropathy; 12 (30%) vs 14 (32.6%). Among the clinical manifestations, remission of palpitations and dyspnea on exertion were evidenced in the study group. With regard to blood pressure, for the systolic it ranged from 123 ±13.4 to 120.5 ±9.2 vs. 125.6 ±8.4 to 128 ±8.3 mmHg (p= 0.000), while the diastolic varied from; 76.8 ±7.5 to 76.3 ±6.2 vs. 78.6 ±4.9 to 82.4 ±3.9 mmHg (p= 0.000). The hematocrit had equivalent values; 0.43 ±0.06 and 0.45 ±0.06 vs 0.42 ±0.05 and 0.42 ±0.06 l/l (p= 0.035) and the serum creatinine showed decrease in the operated patients from; 106.8 ±26.2 to 99.8 ±23.9 µMol/l vs 114 ±27.8 to 120.3 ±31 µMol/l (p= 0.002). The echocardiographic variables measured comparatively according to the location of the angioaccesses at the left elbow level; diameter of the left ventricle: 3.12 ±4.08 vs 1.48 ±3.46 mms (p=0.001), ejection fraction of the left ventricle: 2.99 ±5.47 vs -1.98 ±6.23 % (p=0.018) and the telediasolic volume: -23 ±33.41 vs 10.86 ±36.87 ml (p=0.006). The contralateral elbow revealed; for the left ventricular ejection fraction: 3.32 ±3.42 vs -2.18 ±4.78 % (p=0.037) and for cardiac output: -1.29 ±0.88 vs -0.26 ±0.86 l/min (0.020). The conclusions show that the our study has shown that closing the angioaccess to patients with functioning renal transplants with respect to those not operated, contributes to the regression of morphological and hemodynamic alterations observed by transthoracic echocardiography in the left heart at the different locations of the vascular accesses.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Arteriovenous Fistula/physiopathology , Renal Dialysis , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic , Longitudinal Studies , Arteriovenous Fistula/surgery , Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects , Kidney Diseases/complications
16.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 47(1): 149-158, Jan.-Feb. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1134310

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: Renal artery pseudoaneurysms (RAPs) and arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are rare but potentially life-threatening complications after partial nephrectomy (PN). Selective arterial embolization (SAE) is an effective method for controlling RAPs/AVFs. We assessed the clinical factors affecting the occurrence of RAPs/AVFs after PN and the effects of SAE on postsurgical renal function. Materials and Methods: Four hundred ninety-three patients who underwent PN were retrospectively reviewed. They were placed in either the SAE or the non-SAE group. The effects of clinical factors, including R.E.N.A.L. scores, on the occurrence of RAPs/AVFs were analyzed. The influence of SAE on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) during the first postoperative year was evaluated. Results: Thirty-three (6.7%) patients experienced RAPs/AVFs within 8 days of the median interval between PN and SAE. The SAE group had significantly higher R.E.N.A.L. scores, higher N component scores, and higher L component scores (all, p <0.05). In the multivariate analysis, higher N component scores were associated with the occurrence of RAPs/AVFs (Odds ratio: 1.96, p=0.039). In the SAE group, the mean 3-day postembolization eGFR was significantly lower than the mean 3-day postoperative eGFR (p <0.01). This difference in the eGFRs was still present 1 year later. Conclusions: Renal tumors located near the renal sinus and collecting system were associated with a higher risk for RAPs/AVFs after PN. Although SAE was an effective method for controlling symptomatic RAPs/AVFs after PN, a procedure-related impairment of renal function after SAE could occur and still be present at the end of the first postoperative year.


Subject(s)
Humans , Arteriovenous Fistula/etiology , Aneurysm, False/etiology , Kidney Neoplasms/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Nephrectomy/adverse effects
17.
J. vasc. bras ; 20: e20210098, 2021. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1356453

ABSTRACT

Resumo Contexto A insuficiência renal crônica é um problema de saúde pública mundial. A hemodiálise é a principal terapia renal substitutiva. As fístulas arteriovenosas (FAV) são uma possível escolha, mas apresentam altas taxas de falência. Objetivos Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a relação entre as variáveis hemodinâmicas ao ultrassom vascular com Doppler no intraoperatório e a perviedade precoce da FAV para hemodiálise. Métodos Tratou-se de um estudo prospectivo observacional. Os pacientes consecutivos foram submetidos a FAV com ultrassonografia vascular com Doppler em intraoperatório nos dias 1, 7, 30 e 60. Eles foram divididos em grupos quanto à presença ou não de perviedade primária e secundária, e o volume de fluxo (VF) e a velocidade de pico sistólico (VPS) foram comparados. Foram realizadas curvas receiver operating characteristic (ROC), com definição de valores de VPS e VF com sensibilidade (S) e especificidade (E). Resultados Foram analisados 47 pacientes, os quais preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Os valores de VPS e VF intraoperatório foram maiores nos pacientes com perviedade primária e secundária comparados àqueles com falência. Os seguintes valores apresentaram maiores sensibilidade e especificidade para predizer perviedade primária aos 30 dias: 106 cm/s para VPS venoso, S: 75%, E: 71,4%; e 290,5 mL/min para VF arterial, S: 80,6%, E: 85,7%. Para perviedade secundária aos 30 dias, foram observados: 106 cm/s para VPS arterial, S: 72,7%, E: 100%; e 230 mL/min para VF venoso, com S: 86,4%, E: 100%. Para a perviedade primária no 60º dia, foram observados: 106 cm/s para VPS venoso, S: 74,4%, E: 62,5%; e 290,5 mL/min para VF arterial, S: 80%, E: 75%. Conclusões A velocidade de pico sistólico e o VF ao ultrassom vascular com Doppler intraoperatório são preditores de perviedade precoce na FAV para hemodiálise.


Abstract Background Chronic kidney disease is a major public health problem. Hemodialysis is the most common renal replacement therapy. Arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) are a possible access option, but early failure rates remain high. Objectives to investigate the value of intraoperative vascular Doppler ultrasound for predicting early AVF patency. Methods Prospective observational study. Consecutive patients undergoing AVF were assessed with vascular Doppler ultrasonography intraoperatively and on days 1, 7, 30, and 60. Patients were divided into groups according to presence or absence of primary and secondary patency. Blood flow (BF) and peak systolic velocity (PSV) were compared. ROC curves were plotted and used to define the PSV and BF values that yielded greatest sensitivity (Sens) and specificity (Spec). Results 47 patients met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Higher intraoperative PSV and BF values were observed in patients who had primary and secondary patency than in patients with access failure. The values with greatest sensitivity and specificity for predicting 30-day primary patency were 106 cm/s for venous PSV (Sens: 75% and Spec: 71.4%) and 290.5 ml/min for arterial blood flow (Sens: 80.6% and Spec 85.7%). Values for 30-day secondary patency were 106 cm/s for arterial PSV (Sens: 72.7%, Spec: 100%) and 230 ml/min for venous blood flow (Sens: 86.4%, Spec100%). Values for 60-day primary patency were 106 cm/s for venous PSV (Sens: 74.4%, Spec: 62.5%) and 290.5 ml/min for arterial blood flow (Sens: 80%, Spec: 75%). Conclusions Peak systolic velocity and blood flow measured using intraoperative vascular Doppler ultrasound can predict early patency of hemodialysis arteriovenous fistulas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Vascular Patency , Arteriovenous Fistula/diagnostic imaging , Ultrasonography, Doppler/methods , Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical/adverse effects , Prospective Studies , Renal Dialysis , Hemodynamic Monitoring/methods , Intraoperative Care/methods
18.
J. vasc. bras ; 20: e20210016, 2021. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1356448

ABSTRACT

Resumo As fístulas arteriovenosas (FAVs) traumáticas envolvendo os vasos axilares e subclávios são incomuns e correspondem de 5 a 10% de todos os traumas arteriais. A anatomia complexa dessa região torna desafiador o tratamento desse segmento. Neste desafio terapêutico, descrevemos o caso de um homem de 73 anos, encaminhado por edema progressivo e úlcera no membro superior direito, com história pregressa de ferimento por arma de fogo na região infraclavicular direita há cerca de 50 anos. Foi realizada angiotomografia e identificou-se FAV axilo-axilar associada à tortuosidade e dilatação aneurismática de artéria subclávia a jusante. O paciente foi submetido à intervenção endovascular com endoprótese cônica (monoilíaca) 26 × 14 × 90 mm Braile® na artéria subclávia aneurismática, posterior à saída da artéria vertebral direita, e endoprótese monoilíaca 16 × 16 × 95 mm Excluder® com sobreposição na primeira prótese, apresentando resultado satisfatório. Portanto, descreve-se a possibilidade de utilização de endoprótese aórtica em situação incomum e de exceção, com sucesso.


Abstract Traumatic arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) involving the axillary and subclavian vessels are uncommon and account for 5 to 10% of all arterial traumas. The complex anatomy of this region makes treatment of this segment challenging. In this therapeutic challenge, we describe the case of a 73-year-old man, referred for progressive edema and ulceration involving the right upper limb and with a history of gunshot wound to the right infraclavicular region about 50 years previously. Angiotomography was performed and an axillary-axillary AVF was found, associated with tortuosity and aneurysmatic dilation of the subclavian artery downstream. He underwent endovascular intervention and a conical (monoiliac) 26 × 14 × 90 mm Braile® endoprosthesis was used in the aneurysmatic subclavian artery, posterior to the exit of the right vertebral artery and a 16 × 16 × 95mm Excluder® monoiliac endoprosthesis was placed overlapping the first prosthesis, showing a satisfactory result. Therefore, the possibility of successfully using aortic endoprostheses in an unusual and exceptional situation is described.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Arteriovenous Fistula/complications , Aneurysm/complications , Prostheses and Implants , Subclavian Artery/injuries , Axillary Artery/injuries , Wounds, Gunshot/complications , Upper Extremity , Vascular System Injuries , Endovascular Procedures
19.
J. vasc. bras ; 20: e20210042, 2021. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1340172

ABSTRACT

Resumo A oclusão arterial aguda do membro inferior continua sendo um grande desafio para o cirurgião vascular. A abordagem cirúrgica depende principalmente da gravidade da lesão tecidual e da duração dos sintomas. Diversas técnicas estão disponíveis no arsenal terapêutico atual; porém, independentemente da técnica escolhida, fatores pós-operatórios, como o escoamento arterial limitado e o baixo fluxo nos substitutos arteriais, podem contribuir negativamente no resultado da revascularização. Descrevemos um caso de oclusão arterial aguda de membro inferior, no pós-operatório de uma derivação femorotibial, que se encontrava ocluída devido a limitação de escoamento e a alta resistência vascular periférica. Foi submetido a nova revascularização femorotibial, associada à confecção de uma fístula arteriovenosa, seguido de amputação de antepé e enxerto parcial de pele. O investimento enérgico no membro em risco possibilita reduzir os desfechos desfavoráveis, como amputação e óbito, e acelera a recuperação dos tecidos acometidos pela isquemia aguda.


Abstract Acute arterial occlusion remains a major challenge for the vascular surgeon. The therapeutic approach depends mostly upon the severity of the tissue injury and the duration of symptoms. Several techniques are available in the current therapeutic arsenal, however, regardless of the technique chosen, postoperative factors frequently observed, such as poor outflow status, or even low graft flow, can contribute negatively to the outcome of revascularization. We describe a case of acute limb ischemia, in the postoperative period of a femoral-tibial bypass, which was occluded due to outflow limitation and high peripheral vascular resistance. The patient underwent a second tibial revascularization combined with construction of an arteriovenous fistula, followed by forefoot amputation and partial skin graft. An energetic approach to the at-risk limb makes it possible to reduce unfavorable outcomes, such as amputation and death, and accelerates recovery of tissues affected by acute ischemia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical , Arteriovenous Fistula , Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia/surgery , Vascular Resistance , Forefoot, Human/blood supply , Skin Transplantation , Amputation, Surgical
20.
J. vasc. bras ; 20: e20200055, 2021. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1287085

ABSTRACT

Resumo As fistulas arteriovenosas podem ser congênitas ou traumáticas, sendo as primeiras mais comuns e diagnosticadas na infância e as últimas mais raras e com diagnóstico mais tardio. Ambas necessitam de tratamento intervencionista, que pode ser endovascular ou correção cirúrgica, sendo que cada caso deve ser estudado individualmente. Este artigo apresenta o caso de um paciente de 46 anos, com fístula arteriovenosa na artéria temporal superficial esquerda com suas veias correspondentes decorrente de trauma contuso na região temporal na infância. O diagnóstico foi confirmado por exame de imagem, e o paciente foi submetido a tratamento cirúrgico convencional, apresentando melhora dos sintomas. O caso chama atenção para uma afecção rara, sua investigação diagnóstica e condutas terapêuticas. As fistulas arteriovenosas traumáticas apresentam baixa incidência, ocorrem em variadas localizações e podem causar sintomas, requerendo tratamento, às vezes desafiador, com melhora da qualidade de vida do paciente.


Abstract Arteriovenous fistulas can be congenital or traumatic, the former being more common and diagnosed in childhood, and the latter being rarer and diagnosed later in life. Both require interventional treatment, which may be endovascular, or surgical repair and each case must be studied individually. This article presents the case of a 46-year-old patient with an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) between the left temporal artery and its corresponding veins resulting from a blunt trauma to the parietal region during childhood. The diagnosis was confirmed by imaging examination and he underwent conventional surgical treatment with improvement of symptoms. The case calls attention to a rare condition, its diagnostic investigation, and therapeutic approaches. The incidence of traumatic arteriovenous fistulas is low. They can occur in a variety of ways and can cause symptoms, requiring treatment, which is sometimes challenging, resulting in improvement in the patient's quality of life.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Temporal Arteries/injuries , Arteriovenous Fistula/surgery , Wounds and Injuries , Arteriovenous Fistula/diagnostic imaging , Brain Contusion , Computed Tomography Angiography
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