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1.
Hematol., Transfus. Cell Ther. (Impr.) ; 46(1): 22-29, Jan.-Mar. 2024. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1557874

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction As 30 to 50% of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) cases remain idiopathic, an increased focus on hematologic variables may therefore reveal novel correlates of DVT. Very few studies have investigated the association of hematological parameters with DVT and the causal relationship between them is still to be elucidated. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between serial values of hematologic variables and DVT. Methods Complete blood count parameters were serially measured at baseline and then at approximately 3-month intervals for 12 months in 152 adults with the first episode of DVT and 152 age- and sex-matched controls. The odds ratio (OR) with the 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was calculated as a measure of association between hematological parameters and DVT. Results The red cell distribution width (RDW) was the only hematologic variable which showed an independent and consistent association with DVT at all time points (multivariable-adjusted OR [95%CI] 3.38 [1.28 - 8.91] at baseline, 2.24 [0.85 - 5.92] at 3 months and 2.12 [0.81 - 5.55] at 12 months for RDW > 14.0%). This association was higher for provoked DVT than unprovoked DVT and for DVT plus pulmonary embolism than DVT alone. No significant correlation was found between the high RDW and classical thrombotic risk factors, except malignancy. Conclusions We demonstrated an independent and consistent association of the high RDW with the first episode of DVT in adult patients. The study was probably underpowered to evaluate the association between the high RDW and recurrent DVT. Further large studies with long follow-up are needed to confirm this association.


Subject(s)
Venous Thrombosis , Association , Erythrocyte Indices , Venous Thromboembolism
2.
HSJ ; 14: 1-7, Março 2024.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1572984

ABSTRACT

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of hospitalizations due to COVID-19 and to investigate associated factors in adult patients in the city of Barbacena, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Method: This cross-sectional study included a sample of 248 community participants (≥18 years old) with post-COVID-19 complaints treated at an outpatient clinic of the Unified Health System. Data were collected between September 2021 and January 2022. The dependent variable was hospitalization due to COVID-19 (no/yes). The independent variables were operationalized as: age group (18-59/≥60 years), sex (female/male), race (white/other), education (higher/secondary/elementary education+illiterate), marital status (no/with partner), physical activity (active/sedentary), comorbidities (no/yes), systemic arterial hypertension (no/yes), diabetes mellitus (no/yes), use of medication as a treatment for COVID-19 (no/yes), and doses of COVID-19 vaccine (none or one/≥two or three). The prevalence of hospitalization was presented as a percentage. The association between the dependent and independent variables was assessed using binary logistic regression and expressed as odds ratio (OR). Result: The prevalence of hospitalizations due to COVID-19 was 41.5% (36.0% in women and 50.0% in men). Multivariate association analysis showed that age ≥60 years (OR=2.58 [1.41-4.73]), male sex (OR=1.98 [1.10-3.55]), physical inactivity (OR=2.24 [1.38-4.40]), presence of comorbidities (OR=3.15 [1.61-6.17]), and use of medication as a treatment for COVID-19 (OR=3.68 [1.78-7.59]) remained significantly and positively associated with greater odds of hospitalization. Conclusion: Four of 10 patients were hospitalized due to COVID-19. The burden of hospitalization was especially high among older patients, males, sedentary individuals, those with comorbidities, and those who used medication to treat COVID-19


Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência de hospitalizações por COVID-19 e investigar os fatores associados em pacientes adultos do município de Barbacena-MG. Método: Estudo transversal que incluiu uma amostra de 248 participantes comunitários (≥18 anos) com queixas pós-COVID-19 atendidos em um ambulatório do Sistema Único de Saúde. Os dados foram coletados entre setembro/2021 e janeiro/2022. A variável dependente foi a hospitalização por COVID-19 (não/sim). As variáveis independentes foram operacionalizadas como: faixa etária (18-59/≥60 anos), sexo (feminino/masculino), raça (branca/outras), escolaridade (ensino superior/médio/fundamental+analfabeto), estado civil (sem/com companheiro), atividade física (ativo/sedentário), comorbidades (não/sim), hipertensão arterial sistêmica (não/sim), diabetes mellitus (não/sim), uso de medicamentos como tratamento para a COVID-19 (não/sim) e doses de vacina contra a COVID-19 (nenhuma ou uma/≥duas ou três). A prevalência de hospitalizações foi fornecida em porcentagem. A associação entre as variáveis dependente e independentes foi avaliada por meio de regressão logística binária e expressa como odds ratio-OR. Resultado: A prevalência de hospitalizações por COVID-19 foi de 41,5% (36,0% em mulheres e 50,0% em homens). A análise de associação multivariada evidenciou que idade ≥60 anos (OR=2,58 [1,41-4,73]), sexo masculino (OR=1,98 [1,10-3,55]), sedentarismo (OR=2,24 [1,38-4,40]), presença de comorbidades (OR=3,15 [1,61-6,17]) e uso de medicamentos como tratamento para a COVID-19 (OR=3,68 [1,78-7,59]) mantiveram-se significativa e positivamente associadas com maior chance de hospitalização. Conclusão: Quatro em cada 10 pacientes avaliados foram hospitalizados devido à COVID-19. A carga de internações demonstrou-se especialmente elevada em indivíduos idosos, do sexo masculino, sedentários, com comorbidades e que usaram algum medicamento para tratar a COVID-19.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Association , Unified Health System , Drug Utilization , COVID-19 , Hospitalization , Men , Patients , Therapeutics , Women , Vaccines , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Education, Primary and Secondary , Racial Groups , Diabetes Mellitus , Educational Status , Sedentary Behavior , Ambulatory Care Facilities , COVID-19 Vaccines , Hypertension , Methods , Age Groups
3.
Acta Medica Philippina ; : 82-86, 2024.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1012457

ABSTRACT

@#Although melanoma only accounts for 1% of skin cancers, it is responsible for most skin cancer deaths. Glioblastoma multiforme, a high-grade astrocytoma, is the most aggressive and devastating primary brain tumor. These two diseases remain to be the biggest therapeutic challenge in both specialties of dermatology and neuro-oncology. A 53-year-old Filipino male who presented with a 2-year history of generalized dark brown and black patches on the body developed weakness and numbness of the left extremities. Biopsy and immunohistochemical staining of the skin revealed nodular melanoma with adjacent regressing melanoma. Biopsy of the intracranial mass showed glioblastoma multiforme. One month after the partial excision of the intracranial mass, the patient expired due to brain herniation. Nodular melanoma and glioblastoma multiforme may occur concomitantly in a patient. A review of the literature suggests a shared genetic predisposition. Its existence carries a poor prognosis and requires early detection to start aggressive treatment.


Subject(s)
Melanoma , Glioma , Glioblastoma , Association
4.
Health Sciences Journal ; : 38-44, 2024.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1036219

ABSTRACT

Introduction@#In the realm of education and professional licensure, the assessment of individuals’ competencies is pivotal in determining eligibility for entry into various fields of practice. Medical school assessments encompass cognitive and non-cognitive measures. The Philippines’ Physician Licensure Examination (PLE) relies solely on cognitive assessment. This study explored the predictive power of cognitive assessment in the passing the Physician Licensure Examinations.@*Methods@#A case-control study design was done. Cognitive examination grade was defined as the average cumulative grade of written examinations in specific subjects, while the dependent variable was PLE scores.@*Results@#The study revealed a positive association between failing written examinations and failing the Physician Licensure Examination. In all subjects, there is an observed association, but only Pharmacology reached statistical significance (OR: 2.30 CI:1.01,5.24). For the remaining subjects, although there is an association, it did not reach statistical significance (Biochemistry OR:1.42, CI: 0.43, 4.72; Medicine 3 OR:1.56, CI: 0.81, 3.0; Surgery 3 OR:1.28 CI: 0.63, 2.58). There was no association seen between failing the written examination and failing the PLE in Obstetrics (OR:0.98 CI: 0.47, 2.03). Furthermore, there was a weak positive correlation (0.18-0.31) between written examination grades and corresponding board exam subject grades for all subjects, highlighting the importance of cognitive assessments in predicting success. The research also found a statistically significant difference in PLE grades between those who failed the written examinations and those who passed.@*Conclusion@#These findings emphasized the crucial role of cognitive assessments in predicting success in the PLE and its associated board subjects. The study underscored the need for medical institutions to focus on strengthening cognitive competencies and to align the content and rigor of written examinations with the PLE. Addressing these issues would better prepare students for the licensure examination and enhance the quality of healthcare professionals entering the workforce. The results may contribute to the ongoing discussion on the effectiveness of assessment methods in medical education and licensure examinations.


Subject(s)
Association
5.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 44: e261225, 2024. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1564977

ABSTRACT

Sintomas de ansiedade e depressão na infância têm sido amplamente investigados na atualidade. Os estudos apontam que esses sintomas têm natureza multifatorial, sendo os fatores ambientais, como as caraterísticas do funcionamento familiar, alvo de atenção dos pesquisadores. Por isso, este estudo avaliou a correlação e o poder preditivo dos fatores da parentalidade e da coparentalidade em sintomas clínicos de ansiedade e depressão nos filhos. Os participantes, 50 indivíduos que vivem em coabitação com o parceiro e têm pelo menos um filho com idade entre 7 e 11 anos, preencheram um instrumento composto por seis escalas, que avaliaram a parentalidade, a coparentalidade e a sintomatologia na prole. Os resultados indicaram correlações baixas e moderadas entre os fatores da parentalidade e da coparentalidade e os sintomas emocionais e comportamentais dos filhos. O conflito familiar coparental e a supervisão do comportamento foram preditores de 16% dos sintomas de ansiedade generalizada na prole e a triangulação familiar de 17% dos sintomas de depressão. Evidencia-se, como indica a literatura, que os filhos são suscetíveis à qualidade do funcionamento dos subsistemas parental e coparental.(AU)


Anxiety and depression symptoms in the early childhood have been investigated extensively in current times. Studies have point out that these symptoms have a multifactorial nature, with environment factors, such as the characteristics of the familiar functioning, as the researchers' target. Therefore, this study evaluated the correlation and the predictive power of parenting and co-parenting factors on clinical symptoms of anxiety and depression in the children. The participants, 50 individuals who lived in cohabitation with their partners and that had at least one child aged between 7 and 11 years old, filled in a form composed of six scales; which evaluated the parenting, the coparenting, and the offspring symptomatology. The results revealed low and moderate correlations between the parenting and coparenting variables and the emotional and behavioral symptoms of the children. The coparental familiar conflict and the behavior monitoring were predictors of 16% of the generalized anxiety symptom in the offspring, and the familiar triangulation of 17% of the depression symptoms. It shows, as the literature suggests, that the children are vulnerable to the quality of the functioning of the parental and coparental subsystems.(AU)


Los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión en la infancia son ampliamente investigados en la actualidad. Los estudios demuestran que los síntomas son multifactoriales, de los cuales los factores ambientales y las características de funcionamiento de la familia están en el centro de la atención de los investigadores. Por lo tanto, este estudio evaluó la correlación y el poder predictivo de los factores de la parentalidad y de la coparentalidad en los síntomas clínicos de ansiedad y depresión en los niños. Los participantes, 50 individuos que conviven con su pareja y tienen al menos un hijo, de entre 7 y 11 años, completaron una herramienta que se compone de seis escalas que evaluaban la crianza, la coparentalidad y la sintomatología en sus hijos. Los resultados indicaron correlaciones bajas y moderadas entre los factores de la parentalidad y de la coparentalidad y los síntomas emocionales y conductuales de los niños. El conflicto familiar coparental y la supervisión del comportamiento fueron predictores del 16% de los síntomas de ansiedad generalizada en la descendencia y la triangulación familiar del 17% de los síntomas de depresión. Esto coincide con la literatura al indicar que los niños son susceptibles a la calidad del funcionamiento de los subsistemas parental y coparental.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Anxiety , Child , Parenting , Depression , Parent-Child Relations , Appetite , Psychology , Psychosocial Deprivation , Association , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity , Signs and Symptoms , Social Support , Socialization , Behavior , Behavioral Symptoms , Power, Psychological , Family , Child Abuse , Child Development , Child Rearing , Child Welfare , Causality , Conduct Disorder , Counseling , Psychosocial Impact , Genetic Load , Friends , Depressive Disorder , Diagnosis , Education, Nonprofessional , Environment , Family Conflict , Fear , Bullying , Specific Learning Disorder , Data Analysis , Interpersonal Relations , Anger , Learning Disabilities , Mental Disorders
6.
urol. colomb. (Bogotá. En línea) ; 33(2): 68-74, 2024. ilus
Article in English | COLNAL, LILACS | ID: biblio-1571304

ABSTRACT

Objective: Determine the association and utility of measuring estradiol-to-testosterone ratio on erectile dysfunction (ED) and libido. Materials and methods: This is a case­control study involving 32 adult male patients with chronic pathologies who consulted for sexual dysfunction. Cases defined as subjects with hypoactive sexual desire. Results: Diabetes mellitus showed a significant LR of 6.58. Testosterone levels differed between cases and controls, yet no differences emerged for estradiol or estradiol-to-testosterone ratio. Subgroups defined by testosterone and LH levels were established. Low testosterone and inappropriately normal LH showed an OR of 13 and significant LR. Analysis of normal and inappropriately normal LH categories revealed significant differences in E/T ratio and adjusted testosterone. ROC curves assessed E/T ratio effectiveness for diagnosing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and SD. A cutoff point of 5.98 for E/T ratio yielded 0.85 sensitivity and 0.79 specificity. Conclusions: No significant differences were observed between cases and controls. Differences were observed when analyzed in subgroups based on LH response, indicating estradiol-to-testosterone ratio may be useful in studying inappropriate LH response. A larger sample size is warranted to be able to extrapolate our results.


Objetivo: Determinar asociación y utilidad de medir la relación estradiol-testosterona en disfunción eréctil y libido. Método: Casos y controles, involucrando 32 pacientes con patologías crónicas que consultaron por disfunción sexual, definiendo casos como adultos con libido hipoactiva. Resultados: En los sujetos con diabetes mellitus se evidenció likelihood ratio (LR) significativo (6,58). Hubo diferencias significativas en testosterona entre casos y controles, sin diferencias en estradiol o la relación estradiol-testosterona. Se establecieron subgrupos según testosterona y hormona luteinizante (LH). Testosterona baja y LH inapropiadamente normal, mostraron una odds ratio (OR) de 13 y LR significativo. Análisis de LH normal e inapropiadamente normal, reveló diferencias significativas en la relación estradiol-testosterona y testosterona corregida. Curvas ROC evaluaron la eficacia de relación estradiol-testosterona para diagnosticar hipogonadismo hipogonadotrópico y disfunción eréctil (DE). Un punto de corte de 5,98 para la relación estradiol-testosterona arrojó una sensibilidad del 0,85 y una especificidad del 0,79. Conclusiones: Se observaron diferencias al analizar en subgrupos basados en la respuesta de LH, sugiriendo que medir la relación estradiol-testosterona puede ser útil para estudiar la respuesta inapropiada de LH. Se requiere un tamaño de muestra más grande para extrapolar nuestros


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Association , Testosterone , Erectile Dysfunction , Libido , Chronic Disease
7.
urol. colomb. (Bogotá. En línea) ; 33(3): 131-141, 2024. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1573116

ABSTRACT

Existe controversia y escasa literatura sobre las pautas de manejo del ureterocele y sus desenlaces, debido a que el abordaje varía desde procedimientos endoscópicos hasta reconstrucción completa. Nuestro objetivo es evaluar la efectividad y seguridad de los diferentes abordajes terapéuticos del ureterocele y sus desenlaces clínicos en la población pediátrica. Revisión sistemática de la literatura, respondiendo a la pregunta: ¿Cuáles son las diferentes opciones de manejo del ureterocele y sus desenlaces clínicos en la población pediátrica? Se encontraron 220 artículos, seleccionamos 48 artículos, para un total de 2.082 pacientes. Evaluamos la calidad metodológica con la herramienta ROBINS-I. Se realizó un metaanálisis de la mejoría del reflujo en el postoperatorio. Los pacientes con reflujo vesicoureteral (RVU) postoperatorio mostraron una mejoría posterior al tratamiento con una odds ratio de 0,24; se evidenció una gran heterogeneidad entre los estudios (I2: 85%; p < 0,001). La asociación entre los tratamientos practicados y la presencia de RVU pre no mostró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p = 0,321), en contraste con el RVU post (p = 0,02). En cuanto a la presencia de IVU pre y post, no se encontró diferencia estadísticamente significativa relacionada (p = 0,428 y p = 0,825). Existe una variación significativa en el abordaje, manejo inicial y seguimiento de los pacientes con ureterocele, posiblemente secundario al modo de presentación y curso clínico. Además, la mejoría del RVU posterior al tratamiento quirúrgico del ureterocele es significativo. La importancia de realizar estudios multiinstitucionales, prospectivos, aleatorizados y controlados es clave para evaluar el tratamiento y los resultados a largo plazo de esta patologí


There is controversy and little literature on the management guidelines for ureterocele and its outcomes since the approach varies from endoscopic procedures to complete reconstruction. Our objective is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the different therapeutic approaches for ureterocele and their clinical outcomes in the pediatric population. Systematic review of the literature, answering the question: What are the different management options for ureterocele and its clinical outcomes in the pediatric population? Two hundred and twenty articles were found, we selected 48 articles, for a total of 2,082 patients.We evaluated the methodological quality with the ROBINS-I tool.A meta-analysis of postoperative reflux improvement was performed. Patients with postoperative VUR showed improvement after treatment with an odds ratio 0.24; a great heterogeneity was evidenced among the studies (I2: 85%; p < 0.001].The association between the treatments performed and the presence of pre-VUR did not show a statistically significant difference (p = 0.321), in contrast to post-VUR (p = 0.02). Regarding the presence of pre- and post-UTI, no related statistically significant difference was found (p = 0.428 and p = 0.825). There is a significant variation in the approach, initial management, and follow-up of patients with ureterocele, possibly secondary to the mode of presentation and clinical course. In addition, the improvement in VUR after surgical treatment of the ureterocele is significant. The importance of conducting multi-institutional, prospective, randomized, and controlled studies is key to evaluating the treatment and long-term results of this pathology.


Subject(s)
Humans , Population , Association , Therapeutics , Ureterocele , Vesico-Ureteral Reflux , Literature , Pediatrics , General Surgery , Ureteral Diseases , Urology , Guidelines as Topic , Songbirds
8.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e254599, 2023.
Article in English | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1448941

ABSTRACT

Student protagonism is paramount in the knowledge construction process. In this paper, we discuss a didactic-pedagogical resource called licentîa hypomnema (LH), inspired in portfolios and learning diaries in which student-teachers record their understandings and reflections regarding pedagogical topics learned at University in a meta-learning process on learning about teaching. The initial context of the research was a Psychological Development and Teaching course, offered in the Teacher Education program at Universidade de Brasília (UnB). Two of the authors, then Literacy and Languages Teaching students, produced their LH and peer assessed each other during the course. In their annotations, the student-authors recorded two pedagogical situations related to the use of LH in their own teaching practices, causing an impact on their formative path. These materials consist of the data for analysis and discussion. Moreover, we discuss possible uses of reflexive writing in teacher education and other learning contexts. Producing a LH supports knowledge production and allows students to connect theory and practice, which consequently influences the student's teaching practice. Since LH is a didactic-pedagogical resource and not a close-ended tool, both the context and individuals who use it should be considered.(AU)


O protagonismo de estudantes tem grande importância no processo de construção do conhecimento. Neste artigo, discutimos um recurso didático-pedagógico chamado licentîa hypomnema (LH), inspirado em portfólios e diários de aprendizagem, isto é, estudantes de licenciatura escrevem suas compreensões e reflexões acerca de assuntos pedagógicos vistos na universidade em um processo de meta-aprendizagem sobre aprender a ensinar. O contexto inicial da pesquisa foi um curso de Desenvolvimento Psicológico e Ensino, ministrado em cursos de Licenciatura da Universidade de Brasília (UnB). Duas das autoras eram estudantes do curso de Letras, elas produziram seus LH, realizando avaliação por pares entre si durante o curso. As estudantes-autoras trouxeram em seus registros duas situações pedagógicas relacionadas ao uso desse recurso em suas próprias práticas de ensino que causaram um impacto em suas trajetórias formativas. São esses relatos que compõem os dados para análise e discussão. Além disso, procuramos discutir possíveis desdobramentos para o uso do recurso da escrita reflexiva na formação docente e em outros contextos de aprendizagem. A produção do LH fornece suporte para a produção de conhecimento e permite ao aluno conectar teoria e prática, o que, consequentemente, reverbera na prática de ensino do aluno. O LH é um recurso didático-pedagógico e não uma ferramenta fechada, portanto, tanto o contexto quanto as pessoas que o utilizam devem ser considerados.(AU)


El protagonismo de los estudiantes tiene gran importancia en el proceso de construcción del conocimiento. En este trabajo, discutimos un recurso didáctico-pedagógico llamado licentîa hypomnema (LH), que se inspira en diarios de aprendizaje, es decir, estudiantes de profesorado escriben sus comprensiones y reflexiones sobre temas pedagógicos aprendidos en la universidad, produciendo un proceso de meta-aprendizaje sobre aprender a enseñar. El contexto inicial de la investigación fue un curso de Desarrollo Psicológico y Enseñanza, impartido en el programa de Formación de Profesores de la Universidade de Brasília (UnB). Dos de las autoras eran alumnas de la carrera de Letras que produjeron sus LH y realizaron una evaluación por pares mutua durante el curso. Las estudiantes autoras plantearon en su LH dos situaciones pedagógicas relacionadas con el uso de este recurso en sus propias prácticas de enseñanza, causando un impacto en su trayectoria formativa. Estos materiales constituyen los datos para el análisis y la discusión en esta investigación. Buscamos discutir posibles desdoblamientos para el uso del recurso de la escritura reflexiva en la formación docente y en otros contextos de aprendizaje. La producción de este recurso da soporte a la producción de conocimiento y permite al estudiante conectar teoría y práctica, lo que consecuentemente repercute en su práctica docente. El LH es un recurso didáctico-pedagógico y no una herramienta cerrada, por lo tanto, se debe considerar tanto el contexto como las personas que lo utilizan.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Diary , Faculty , Handwriting , Organizational Objectives , Aptitude , Psychology , Psychology, Educational , Psychology, Social , Reading , Remedial Teaching , Association , Self Care , Social Change , Social Responsibility , Social Sciences , Speech , Awareness , Thinking , Writing , Activities of Daily Living , Power, Psychological , Mental Competency , Models, Educational , Cognition , Problem-Based Learning , Conditioning, Psychological , Neurobehavioral Manifestations , Behavioral Disciplines and Activities , Creativity , Cultural Evolution , Culture , Personal Autonomy , Decision Making , Interdisciplinary Communication , Comprehension , Educational Measurement , Educational Status , Abstracting and Indexing , Methodology as a Subject , Planning , Existentialism , Knowledge Discovery , Teach-Back Communication , Mindfulness , Mentoring , Self-Directed Learning as Topic , Memory and Learning Tests , Self-Management , Freedom , Self-Testing , Social Interaction , Individuality , Inservice Training , Intelligence , Knowledge of Results, Psychological , Language Arts , Leadership , Learning Disabilities , Life Change Events , Memory , Mental Processes
9.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e256598, 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1529209

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a relação entre arte e vida segundo Vigotski. Para isso, foi realizada uma análise conceitual dos capítulos 1, 7, 9, 10 e 11 da Psicologia da Arte, do capítulo 13 da Psicologia Pedagógica e do texto O significado histórico da crise da Psicologia: Uma investigação metodológica. A pesquisa conceitual consiste na análise semântica dos principais conceitos de uma teoria com o intuito de elucidar seus sentidos ocultos ou confusos e desvendar possíveis contradições e ambiguidades no quadro teórico. Podemos observar que a arte é um fenômeno dialético tanto em sua criação como em seus efeitos. A influência da vida, isto é, da realidade sócio-histórica, na criação artística é indireta, pois ela é sempre mediada pelo psiquismo particular do artista. Já o efeito da arte sobre a vida possibilita que o ser humano se conscientize de sua realidade social e se engaje para mudá-la. A arte é, portanto, transformadora, pois reorganiza o psiquismo e possibilita uma mudança nas condições materiais dos seres humanos.(AU)


This study aims to analyze the relationship between art and life according to Vygotsky. Therefore, a conceptual analysis of chapters 1, 7, 9, 10, and 11 of Psychology of Art, chapter 13 of Educational Psychology and the text The Historical meaning of the Crisis of Psychology: A Methodological Investigation was carried out. Conceptual research consists of the semantic analysis of the main concepts of a theory to elucidate its hidden or confused meanings and to reveal possible contradictions and ambiguities in the theoretical framework. Results show that art is a dialectical phenomenon both in its creation and its effects. The influence of life, that is, of socio-historical reality, on artistic creation is indirect since it is always mediated by the artist's particular psyche. The effect of art on life, on the other hand, allows human beings to become aware of their social reality and engage to change it. Art is, therefore, transformative, as it reorganizes the psyche and enables a change in the material conditions of human beings.(AU)


Este proyecto tuve como objetivo analizar la relación entre el arte y la vida, según Vigotski. Para esto, fue realizado un análisis de los capítulos 1, 7, 9, 10 y 11 de Psicología del arte, del capítulo 13 de Psicología Pedagógica y del texto Él significado histórico de la crisis de la Psicología: una investigación metodológica. La pesquisa conceptual consiste en la analice semántica de los conceptos de una teoría, para aclarar sus significados ocultos o confusos y desvendar contradicciones y ambigüedades em el cuadro teórico. Pudimos observar que, el arte es un fenómeno dialéctico en su creación tanto como en sus efectos. La influencia de la vida, esto es, de la realidad socio-histórica, en la creación artística es indirecta, pues es mediada por el psiquismo particular de lo artista. Así, el efecto del arte sobre la vida habilita que lo ser humano adquiera conciencia de su realidad social y que se comprometa a cambiarla. El arte, consiguientemente, transformadora, pues reorganiza lo psiquismo y habilita un cambio en las condiciones materiales de los seres humanos.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Art , Psychology , Life , Social Representation , Paint , Perception , Personality , Personality Development , Philosophy , Architecture , Pleasure-Pain Principle , Politics , Psychology, Social , Psychomotor Agitation , Rejection, Psychology , Religion , Association , Research , Role , Sensation , Social Environment , Spiritualism , Thinking , Transference, Psychology , Unconscious, Psychology , Behavior , Humans , Symbolism , Adaptation, Psychological , Attitude , Catharsis , Comment , Mental Competency , Cognition , Communism , Conflict, Psychological , Congresses as Topic , Expressed Emotion , Self Psychology , Psychotherapeutic Processes , Drawing , Creativity , Cues , Culture , Dancing , Capitalism , Human Characteristics , Abreaction , Drama , Drive , Education , Emotions , Esthetics , Existentialism , Cultural Competency , Resilience, Psychological , Poetry , Pleasure , Social Norms , Science in the Arts , Freedom , Dialectical Behavior Therapy , Egocentrism , Group Processes , History , Individuality , Intelligence , Interpersonal Relations , Literature , Methods , Anthropology , Models, Theoretical , Morale , Motion Pictures , Motivation , Music
10.
Rev Enferm UFPI ; 11(1): e2731, 2022-12-31. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1519650

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Mapear as evidências científicas sobre os fatores associados ao comportamento suicida de estudantes da pós-graduação stricto sensu. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo sistematizada pelas diretrizes do Joanna Briggs Institutee realizada nos repositórios SCOPUS, LILACS, PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycInfo, OATD e BDTD-CAPES. Foram selecionados e analisados materiais bibliográficos que apresentaram fatores associados ao comportamento suicida para estudantes da pós-graduação stricto sensu. Resultados: Sete materiais bibliográficos atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade desta revisão. A maioria abordou fatores de risco para comportamentos suicidas, com ênfase insuficiente em fatores protetivos. Conclusão: Foram identificados como fatores associados ao comportamento suicida na pós-graduação variáveis de saúde, psicológicas, sociodemográficas, relacionais e do contexto acadêmico. Essa revisão destaca a incipiência da produção científica nesse campo de saber e a necessidade de se dar maior ênfase e visibilidade a essa problemática. Descritores: Suicídio. Ideação suicida. Fatores de risco. Associação. Educação de pós-graduação.


Objective: To map the diverse scientific evidence about the factors associated with suicidal behavior in strictosensugraduate students. Methods: This is a scoping review systematized according to the Joanna Briggs Instituteguidelines and conducted in the SCOPUS, LILACS, PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycInfo, OATD and BDTD-CAPES repositories. The bibliographic materials selected and analyzed were those that presented factors associated with suicidal behavior for strictosensugraduate students. Results: Seven bibliographic materials met the eligibility criteria of this review. Most of them addressed risk factors for suicidal behaviors, with insufficient emphasis on protective factors. Conclusion: Variables related to health, as well as psychological, sociodemographic, relational and of the academic context, were identified as factors associated with suicidal behavior in the academic context. This review highlights the incipience of the scientific production in theknowledge field and the need to confer greater emphasis and visibility to this problem. Descriptors: Suicide. Suicidal ideation. Risk factors. Association. Education, Graduate.


Subject(s)
Association , Suicide , Risk Factors , Education, Graduate , Suicidal Ideation
11.
Rev. colomb. obstet. ginecol ; 73(4): 369-377, Oct.-Dec. 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1423867

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: determinar la proporción de parto vaginal exitoso en mujeres con cesárea previa, describir las complicaciones maternas y perinatales, y realizar una aproximación a los factores asociados al parto vaginal. Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal descriptivo. Se incluyeron mujeres con antecedente de un parto por cesárea, con edad gestacional mayor a 24 semanas y fetos únicos vivos que tuvieron prueba de parto vaginal, atendidas en una institución pública de alta complejidad en 2019. Se excluyeron aquellas pacientes con antecedente de más de una cesárea o miomectomía. Muestreo consecutivo. Se midieron variables sociodemográficas, obstétricas, vía del parto y complicaciones maternas y perinatales. Se hace análisis descriptivo y un análisis exploratorio multivariado de los factores asociados al parto vaginal exitoso. Resultados: de 286 gestantes incluidas, el porcentaje de éxito de parto vaginal fue del 74,5 %. Se identificaron complicaciones maternas en el 3,2 % de los partos vaginales y en el 6,8 % de las cesáreas. El 1,3 % de los recién nacidos tuvo alguna complicación. Hubo 2 muertes perinatales. Se encontró asociación entre parto vaginal exitoso y tener antecedente de parto vaginal (OR: 2,7; IC 95 %: 1,15-6,29); puntaje de Bishop mayor de 6 (OR: 2,2; IC 95 %: 1,03-4,56); inicio de trabajo de parto espontáneo (OR: 4,5; IC 95 %: 2,07-9,6); y edad materna menor de 30 años (OR: 2,28; IC 95 %: 1,2-4,2). Conclusiones: el parto vaginal es una opción segura para considerar en pacientes con cesárea anterior, especialmente si inician trabajo de parto espontáneo o han tenido un parto vaginal previamente. Se requieren cohortes prospectivas para confirmar estos hallazgos.


Objectives: To determine the proportion of successful vaginal deliveries in women with prior cesarean section; to describe maternal and perinatal complications; and to examine the factors associated with vaginal delivery. Materials and methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study of women with a history of cesarean delivery, gestational age of more than 24 weeks, singleton live fetuses, with prior vaginal delivery who received care in a high complexity public institution in 2019. Patients with a history of more than one cesarean section or myomectomy were excluded. Consecutive sampling was used. Sociodemographic and obstetric variables, delivery route and maternal and perinatal complications were measured. A descriptive analysis as well as a multivariate exploratory analysis of the factors associated with successful vaginal delivery were carried out. Results: Among 286 pregnant women included, the percentage of successful vaginal deliveries was 74.5 %. Maternal complications were identified in 3.2 % of vaginal delivery cases and in 6.8 % of cesarean births. Complications occurred in 1.3 % of all live neonates; there were 2 perinatal deaths. An association was found between successful vaginal delivery and a history of prior vaginal delivery (OR: 2.7; 95 % CI: 1.15-6.29); a Bishop score greater than 6 (OR: 2.2; 95 % CI: 1.03-4.56); spontaneous labor initiation (OR: 4.5; IC 95 % CI: 2.07-9.6); and maternal age under 30 years (OR:2.28; 95 % CI: 1.2-4.2). Conclusions: Vaginal delivery is a safe option to consider in patients with prior cesarean section, in particular in cases of spontaneous labor initiation or prior vaginal delivery. Prospective cohorts are needed in order to confirm these findings.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Uterine Rupture , Vaginal Birth after Cesarean , Pregnancy Complications , Association , Labor, Obstetric , Cesarean Section , Perinatal Care , Pregnant Women
12.
Rev. biol. trop ; Rev. biol. trop;70(1)dic. 2022.
Article in English | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1423036

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Echinoids (sea urchins) provide shelter for a variety of facultative or obligatory ectosymbionts. Objective: To evaluate the hypothesis that decapods and fishes prefer to associate with echinoid individuals and species that have longer spines. Methods: We visually studied the frequency of decapod crustaceans and fishes associated with echinoids in shallow water (< 4 m) and deeper water (5-20 m) at Los Cabos, Baja California Sur, Mexico, during 1-6 January 2019. Results: We inspected 1 058 echinoids of six species. Five decapod species associated with three species of echinoids. When compared with other echinoid species, in shallow water, decapods associated 5.1 times more often with the longest-spined echinoid Diadema mexicanum (7.0 times more decapods per individual D. mexicanum); in deeper water, association frequency was similar for all echinoid species. Fourteen fish species associated with four echinoid species. In shallow water, fishes associated 2.6 times more with D. mexicanum (4.5 times more fishes per individual). There was no preferred echinoid species in deeper water. Longer-spined D. mexicanum had more decapods and fishes. Associations were more frequent in shallow water. Multiple individuals and species of decapods and fish often associated together with a single D. mexicanum. The decapod that presumably is Tuleariocaris holthuisi showed a possible obligatory association with one of the equinoids (D. mexicanum); the other decapods and all fish species are facultative associates. Conclusion: Our results support the hypothesis that decapods and fishes associate most frequently with echinoids with the longest spines, presumably to reduce the risk of predation.


Introducción: Los equinoideos (erizos de mar) brindan refugio a una variedad de ectosimbiontes facultativos u obligatorios. Objetivo: Evaluar la hipótesis de que los decápodos y los peces prefieren asociarse con individuos y especies de equinoideos con espinas más largas. Métodos: Estudiamos visualmente la frecuencia de crustáceos decápodos y peces asociados con equinoideos en aguas poco profundas (< 4 m) y aguas más profundas (5-20 m) en Los Cabos, Baja California Sur, México, del 1-6 de enero 2019. Resultados: Examinamos 1 058 equinoideos de seis especies. Cinco especies de decápodos se asociaron con tres especies de equinoideos. Al comparar con otras especies de equinoideos, en aguas poco profundas, los decápodos se asociaron 5.1 veces más frecuentemente con la especie de equinoideo de espinas más largas, Diadema mexicanum (7.0 veces más decápodos por individuo en D. mexicanum); en aguas más profundas, la frecuencia fue similar para todas las especies de equinoideos. Catorce especies de peces se asociaron con 4 especies de equinoideos. En aguas poco profundas, los peces se asociaron 2.6 veces más con D. mexicanum (4.5 veces más peces por individuo). No hubo preferencia por una especie de equinoideo en aguas más profundas. Individuos de D. mexicanum con espinas largas tuvieron más asociación con decápodos y peces. Las asociaciones se dieron con mayor frecuencia en aguas poco profundas. Múltiples individuos y especies de decápodos y peces a menudo se asociaron con un solo D. mexicanum. Un decápodo que presumiblemente es Tuleariocaris holthuisi mostró una posible asociación obligatoria con uno de los equinoideos (D. mexicanum); las otras especies de decápodos y todas las especies de peces presentaron asociaciones facultativas. Conclusión: Nuestros resultados apoyan la hipótesis de que los decápodos y los peces se asociaron con mayor frecuencia con los equinoideos con las espinas más largas, presumiblemente para reducir el riesgo de depredación.


Subject(s)
Animals , Association , Sea Urchins/growth & development , Decapoda/growth & development , Fishes , United States , Coastal Streams , Ecology
14.
Semina cienc. biol. saude ; 43(2): 243-250, jul./dez. 2022. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1426427

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: avaliar a associação entre os níveis de priorização para admissão na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) e o prognóstico dos pacientes. Material e Método: estudo longitudinal retrospectivo que incluiu adultos internados na UTI de hospital universitário, ano de 2020. As variáveis, coletadas nos prontuários e banco de dados eletrônicos do hospital contemplam: identificação, data de entrada no hospital e de admissão na UTI, diagnósticos, antecedentes, data de alta, desfecho, cálculo do Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3 (SAPS 3) e nível de priorização da admissão. Resultados: o estudo avaliou 274 pacientes. As patologias respiratórias totalizaram 41,25% das admissões, sendo COVID-19 o diagnóstico mais frequente (65 casos confirmados e 2 suspeitos). Dentre as comorbidades, destacam-se hipertensão arterial sistêmica (64,32%), diabetes mellitus (25,82%) e tabagismo (18,78%). O SAPS 3 médio foi de 59,29 pontos, representando uma probabilidade de óbito de 39,00%. A respeito dos níveis de priorizações, 174 (63,50%) pacientes foram classificados como prioridade 1 (P1); 94 (34,31%) pacientes como prioridade 2 (P2); e 6 (2,19%) pacientes como prioridade 3 (P3). Comparando os grupos P1 e P2, a probabilidade de óbito foi, respectivamente, 51,95% e 13,75%. E o número de óbitos observado foi de 90 (60,81%) no grupo P1 e 19 no grupo P2 (25,30%; p<0,001)). Conclusão: os pacientes classificados como P1 foram mais frequentes na amostra de estudo. A classificação de prioridades identificou os pacientes mais graves e com maior taxa de mortalidade na primeira categoria, apesar de não haver diferença na idade, comorbidade e fragilidade.


Objective: to assess the association between levels of prioritization for admission to intensive care unit (ICU) and patients' prognosis. Material and Method: longitudinal retrospective study that included adult patients admitted to the ICU of a University Hospital during 2020. The data were collected from paper and electronic medical records, including identification, date of admission to the hospital, date of admission to ICU, diagnosis, medical history, date of hospital discharge, outcome, the Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3 (SAPS-3) and prioritization level. Results: the study evaluated 274 patients during 2020. Respiratory diseases represented 41.25% of admissions, COVID-19 being the most frequent diagnosis (totaling 65 confirmed and 2 suspected cases). Among the comorbidities, the following were highlighted: arterial hypertension (64.32%), diabetes mellitus (25.82%), and smoking (18.78%). The mean SAPS 3 score was 59.29 points, representing a probability of death of 39.00%. About prioritization levels, 174 (63.50%) patients were categorized as Priority 1 (P1); 94 (34.31%) patients as Priority 2 (P2) and 6 (2.19%) patients as Priority 3 (P3), which was not considered due to insufficient sample for testing. Comparing groups P1 and P2, the probability of death of each category was, respectively, 51.95% and 13.75%. During the study period, the number of deaths in each category was 90 (60.81%) for P1 and 19 (25.30%; p<0,001) for P2. Conclusion: the prioritization classification identified patients with more severity and with greater mortality rates in category P1 of prioritization to ICU admission, even though there was no difference on age, comorbidity and frailty.


Subject(s)
Patients , Prognosis , Association , Tobacco Use Disorder , Medical Records , Disease , Diabetes Mellitus , Diagnosis , Hospitals , Hospitals, University , Hypertension , Intensive Care Units
15.
Investig. desar ; 30(1): 332-373, ene.-jun. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1385970

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Este artículo define una serie de argumentos que sustentan el vínculo estrecho entre las concepciones de paz y desarrollo, en procura de proyectar posibilidades de mayores impactos para el bienestar y la evolución humana. En el recorrido se dota a cada una de las nociones de diversos contenidos, dimensiones, atributos, dispositivos y propósitos con el fin de romper con su concepción unidimensional y dar paso a su constitución múltiple y compleja, para posteriormente definir puntos de encuentro, asocio, combinación y trabajo sinérgico entre las nociones en estudio que conlleven al reconocimiento de las paces y desarrollos circulando en una órbita más amplia. En el recorrido se reivindica las paces y desarrollos no solo como conceptos o nociones ideales, sino también como procesos, experiencias, dinámicas y acontecimientos múltiples que es necesario comprender en red. Para lograr tal reto se requirió realizar un análisis crítico de distintas revistas electrónicas, libros y declaraciones de las Naciones Unidas sobre desarrollo y paz con el fin de poder abrir el debate en lógicas de simbiosis, sinergias, complementariedades y contribuciones mutuales.


ABSTRACT This article defines a series of arguments that support the close link between the conceptions of peace and development, in an attempt to project possibilities of greater impacts on human well-being and evolution. In the journey, each of the notions is endowed with various contents, dimensions, attributes, devices, and purposes, in order to break with its one-dimensional conception and give way to its multiple and complex constitution, to later define meeting points, association, combination, and synergistic work between the notions under study that lead to the recognition of peace and developments circulating in a wider orbit. In the tour, peace and development are vindicated, not only as ideal concepts or notions, but also as processes, experiences, dynamics, and multiple events that must be understood online. To achieve this challenge, it was necessary to carry out a critical analysis of different electronic journals, books, and United Nations declarations on development and peace in order to open the debate on the logic of symbiosis, synergies, complementarities, and mutual contributions.


Subject(s)
Humans , Ecosystem , Association , Object Attachment
16.
Rev. adm. pública (Online) ; 56(3): 349-372, mai.-jun. 2022. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1387585

ABSTRACT

Resumo O artigo analisa fatores associados à descontinuidade do orçamento participativo (OP) em municípios brasileiros acima de 50 mil habitantes no período entre 2000 e 2016. A pesquisa foi analisada pela estimação de modelos econométricos com foco em variáveis explicativas políticas e pela propensão do ambiente local à participação. Os resultados indicam que a descontinuidade está associada positivamente com a troca do partido do prefeito municipal entre as eleições, a despeito da ideologia do partido; positivamente com a troca da ideologia do partido do prefeito, com a entrada de partidos de esquerda; negativamente com a entrada de partidos com outras ideologias; e positivamente com a troca entre partidos de esquerda. A descontinuidade não apresentou efeito com a troca entre partidos com outras ideologias. Os resultados indicam fatores locais e contextuais explicativos para a descontinuidade do OP, permitindo direcionar desenho de políticas públicas participativas e levantando reflexividade sobre mecanismos que devem ser adotados localmente para que não ocorra a descontinuidade, além de contribuir para a literatura ao demonstrar a associação entre a descontinuidade com a troca de partidos da esquerda, o que pode suscitar pesquisas futuras, dado que o resultado não era esperado.


Resumen El artículo analizó factores asociados a la discontinuidad del presupuesto participativo (PP) en municipios brasileños con más de 50.000 habitantes, en el período 2000-2016. La discontinuidad se analizó mediante la estimación de modelos econométricos con enfoque en variables políticas explicativas y la propensión del entorno local a participar. Los resultados indican que la discontinuidad se asocia: (i) positivamente con el cambio de partido del alcalde entre elecciones, independientemente de la ideología del partido; (ii) positivamente con el cambio de ideología del partido de la alcaldía, con la entrada de partidos de izquierda; (iii) negativamente con la entrada de partidos con otras ideologías; (iv) positivamente con el intercambio entre partidos de izquierda. La discontinuidad no tuvo efecto con el intercambio entre partidos con otras ideologías. Los resultados contribuyen al señalar factores locales y contextuales que explican la discontinuidad del PP, permitiendo orientar el diseño de políticas públicas participativas y planteando la reflexión sobre los mecanismos que deben ser adoptados localmente para que no ocurra la discontinuidad. También contribuye a la literatura al demostrar la asociación entre la discontinuidad y el intercambio de partidos de izquierda, lo que puede impulsar futuras investigaciones, dado que el resultado no era el esperado.


Abstract The article analyzes the factors associated with the discontinuation of participatory budgeting (PB) in Brazilian municipalities with more than 50,000 inhabitants between 2000 and 2016. We used econometric models to estimate PB's discontinuation based on political explanatory variables and people's local participation. The results indicate that discontinuation is associated: (i) positively with the election of a different local government, regardless of the winning party's ideology; (ii) positively with the election of a local government with a left-wing ideology'; (iii) negatively with the election of a non-left-wing local government; (iv) positively with the election of a left-wing local government replacing another left-wing government. Changes in local government where other non-left-wing parties replace non-left-wing parties had no significant effect on discontinuation. The results contribute to our knowledge by showing the local and contextual factors that explain the discontinuation of participatory budgeting; this should help guide the design of participatory public policies and allow practitioners to reflect on the mechanisms that could be adopted locally to avoid discontinuation. The article also contributes to the literature by demonstrating the association between discontinuation and changes in left-wing local governments, which may prompt future research, given the unexpected result.


Subject(s)
Public Policy , Association , Budgets
17.
Arch. venez. pueric. pediatr ; 85(1)abr. 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1572571

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: determinar la asociación entre el antecedente de lactancia humana por más de 6 meses, como factor de protección en el desarrollo de cáncer en niños y adolescentes atendidos en la consulta de hematología y oncología Pediátrica, del Instituto Autónomo hospital universitario de los Andes (IAhulA); principalmente leucemias y linfomas. Métodos: estudio analítico, observacional, de casos y controles. entrevista a las madres de niños y adolescentes con edades comprendidas entre 2 y 15 años diagnosticados con neoplasias malignas. el grupo control sujetos saludables o con problemas médicos menores, quienes acudieron al servicio de emergencia Pediátrica o se encontraban hospitalizados en áreas pediátricas. Resultados: se separaron en dos grupos: uno que recibió lactancia humana exclusiva hasta los seis meses de edad y aquellos que antes de los seis meses de edad, recibieron lactancia humana más fórmulas y alimentación complementaria. con un valor de p= 0,018 y un or de 3,2 (Ic al 95%: 1,3-7,7), se demostró que el uso de lactancia humana exclusiva sin añadir fórmulas lácteas, ni alimentos distintos a la leche humana, constituye un factor de protección para el desarrollo de cáncer infantil. Conclusión: el uso de lactancia humana exclusiva se asocia como un efecto protector para el desarrollo de cáncer infantil; por lo tanto, se podría considerar que los niños alimentados con leche humana, enfrentan de mejor forma los insultos carcinogénicos, modulando la interacción entre los agentes infecciosos y el desarrollo del sistema inmunológico infantil(AU)


Objective: the following study was to determine the association between the history of human breastfeeding for more than 6 months, as a protective factor in the development of cancer in children and adolescents treated at the Pediatric oncology and hematology clinic (Instituto Autónomo hospital universitario de los Andes (IAhulA) in merida-venezuela; especially leukemias and lymphomas. Methods: Analytical, observational, case-control study. An interview was conducted with the mothers of children and adolescents aged between 2-15 years diagnosed with malignant neoplasms who attended the IAhulA pediatric oncology and hematology of clinic. the control group was made up of healthy subjects or those with minor medical problems, who attended the Pediatric emergency service or were hospitalized in the IAhulA pediatric areas. Results: when comparing the exclusive and supplemented human lactation groups, a significant association with the development of childhood cancer was demonstrated for those patients who did not receive exclusive human lactation (p= 0.018). no protective effect of human lactation for more than 6 months was demonstrated in terms of the occurrence of childhood cancer. Conclusion: the use of exclusive human lactation is associated with a protective effect for the development of childhood cancer; therefore, it could be considered that children fed human milk better cope with carcinogenic insults, modulating the interaction between infectious agents and the development of the infant immune system(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Breast Feeding , Leukemia , Case-Control Studies , Lymphoma , Milk, Human , Neoplasms , Association , Food , Hematology , Immune System , Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
18.
Arq. Asma, Alerg. Imunol ; 6(1): 141-143, jan.mar.2022.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1400124

ABSTRACT

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder, Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a lung disease involving hypersensitivity to the fungi Aspergillus fumigatus which occur in susceptible patient with asthma or cystic fibrosis, also considered a rare disease. We report a case of HAE and ABPA in a single patient. HAE diagnosis was confirmed: C4 = 3 mg/dL, C1INH < 2.8 mg/dL - nephelometry. Former lung function showed elevation RV and RV/FVC, suggesting small airways lung disease. Positive skin prick test to Aspergillus fumigatus (03 mm); total serum IgE level 3,100 IU/mL (nephelometry - BNII Siemens), eosinophilia 11% (528/mm3) and specific A. fumigatus IgG antibodies 6,8 mgA/L (FEIA - fluorenzymeimmunoassay - ThermoFisher) and Chest CT showed mucoid impaction of the bronchi, consistent to current ABPA. Controlling ABPA could prevent and reduce angioedema attacks, and lung structural damage. Early diagnosis and treatment of both diseases should be emphasized to reduce mortality and morbidity


Angioedema hereditário (AEH) é uma doença autossômica dominante; aspergilose broncopulmonar alérgica (ABPA) é uma doença de hipersensibilidade pulmonar relacionada ao esporo de Aspergillus fumigatus, mais suscetível em pacientes com asma e fibrose cística, ambas são consideradas doenças raras. Apresentamos um caso de AEH e ABPA em um paciente. O diagnóstico de AEH foi confirmado com exames laboratoriais: C4 = 3 mg/dL, C1INH < 2,8 mg/dL - nefelometria. Prova de função pulmonar evidenciou aumento de VR e VR/CVF, sugerindo doenças de pequenas vias aéreas. Teste de puntura positivo para A. fumigatus (03 mm); IgE total = 3.100 IU/mL (nefelometria - BNII Siemens), eosinofilia 11% (528/mm3) e IgG específica para A. fumigatus 6,8 mgA/L (FEIA - ThermoFisher), TC de tórax evidenciou impactação mucoide, consistente com ABPA. Controlar ABPA pode prevenir e reduzir as crises de angioedema e os danos ao tecido pulmonar. O diagnóstico precoce de ambas as doenças deve ser enfatizado para reduzir a morbimortalidade.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary , Angioedemas, Hereditary , Patients , Association , Asthma , Therapeutics , Immunoglobulin E , Rare Diseases , Early Diagnosis , Diagnosis , Eosinophilia
19.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1399221

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se verificar como tem sido estratificada a variável raça/cor em estudos brasileiros que tiveram a atividade física (AF) como variável dependente e a associação entre a raça/cor com a atividade física no tempo livre (AFTL). Foram encontrados 20 estudos e nove formas de estratificação, sendo a mais comum: branco, pardo, preto. A ria "branco" esteve em todos os estudos. Doze trabalhos analisaram a relação da raça/cor com a AFTL e cinco destes observaram alguma associação, variando conforme faixa etária. Conclui-se que a raça/cor tem sido investigada de maneira diversa, que menos da metade dos estudos observaram alguma relação com a AFTL e que nos estudos que observaram associação, a direção foi diferente, dependendo da faixa etária (AU).


The objective was to verify how the race/color variable has been stratified in Brazilian studies that had physical activity (PA) as a dependent variable and the association between race/color with leisure-time physical activity (LTPA). In the 20 studies found, nine forms of stratification were observed, the most used being: white, brown, black. The "white" category was included in all studies. Twelve studies analyzed the relationship of race/color with LTPA and five of these observed some association, varying according to age group. Conclude that race/color was investigated in different ways, that less than half of the studies observed some relationship with LTPA and that in studies that observed an association, the direction of this was different depending on the age group (AU).


El objetivo fue verificar cómo se estratificó la variable raza/color en estudios brasileños con la actividad física (AF) como variable dependiente y la asociación entre raza/color con la actividad física en el tiempo libre (AFTL). Fueron encontrados 20 estudios y observadas nueve formas de estratificación, siendo las más utilizadas: blanco, marrón, negro. La categoría "blanca" estaba en todos los estudios. Doce artículos analizaron la relación de raza/color con AFTL y cinco de ellos observaron alguna asociación, cambiando según la edad. Concluye que la raza/color fue investigado de diferentes formas, que menos de la mitad de los estudios observaron alguna relación con la AFTL y los estudios que observaron una asociación, la dirección de esta fue diferente según el grupo de edad (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Association , Exercise , Epidemiologic Studies , Racial Groups , Brazil/epidemiology , Leisure Activities
20.
Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam ; Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam;56(1): 3-9, ene. 2022. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1402941

ABSTRACT

Resumen El método de referencia para el estudio bioquímico de la esclerosis múltiple (EM) es el isoelectroenfoque (IEE) y la evaluación de las cadenas livianas libres (CLL) podría brindar una información adicional de relevancia. Por lo tanto, se propone evaluar la presencia de las CLL y la aplicabilidad de los estados de polimerización en el estudio de la EM. Se puso a punto un método compuesto por una separación electroforética en gel de poliacrilamida al 12,5% con posterior electrotransferencia (PAGE-WB) y se realizó la evaluación de 121 pacientes con sospecha de EM en simultáneo al IEE. Los patrones de PAGE-WB relacionados con la EM fueron el aumento de la concentración de monómeros Kappa o dímeros Lambda en líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR) en comparación con el suero. Este método tuvo una muy alta significación de asociación con el IEE (p<0,0001) con sensibilidad del 95%, especificidad del 90%, VPP 83% y VPN 97%. La síntesis intratecal de CLL quedó evidenciada por el aumento de intensidad del monómero Kappa y/o el dímero Lambda observado en LCR. La técnica de PAGE-WB para CLL demostró ser un método alternativo para detectar la síntesis intratecal en pacientes con sospecha de EM.


Abstract The reference method for the biochemical study of multiple sclerosis (MS) is isoelectric focusing (IEF) and the evaluation of free light chains (FLC) could provide additional information of relevance. Therefore, it is proposed here to evaluate the presence of FLC and the applicability of the polymerisation states in the study of MS. A method consisting of a 12.5% polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic separation with a subsequent electrotransfer (PAGE-WB) was developed and the evaluation of 121 patients with suspected MS was carried out simultaneously with the IEF. MS-related PAGE-WB patterns were the increase in the concentration of Kappa monomers or Lambda dimers in CSF compared to serum. This method had a very high significance of association with the IEF (p<0.0001) with 95% sensitivity, 90% specificity, 83% PPV and 97% NPV. Intrathecal synthesis of FLC was evidenced by the increased intensity of the Kappa monomers and/or Lambda dimers observed in CSF. The PAGE-WB technique for FLC proved to be an alternative method to detect intrathecal synthesis in patients with suspected MS.


Resumo O método de referência para o estudo bioquímico da esclerose múltipla (EM) é a focalização isoelétrica (IEE) e a avaliação de cadeias leves livres (CLL) poderiam fornecer informações adicionais de relevância. Assim, propõe-se avaliar a presença das CLL e a aplicabilidade dos estados de polimerização no estudo de EM. Foi desenvolvido um método que consiste na separação eletroforética em gel de poliacrilamida a 12,5% com posterior eletrotranferência (PAGE-WB) e a avaliação de 121 pacientes com suspeita de EM foi realizada paralelamente à IEE. Os padrões de PAGE-WB relacionados com a EM foram o aumento na concentração de monômeros Kappa ou dímeros Lambda em líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) em comparação com o soro. Este método teve uma associação de significância muito alta com o IEE (p<0,0001) com sensibilidade de 95%, especificidade de 90%, VPP 83% e VPN 97%. A síntese intratecal de CLL foi evidenciada pelo aumento de intensidade do monômero Kappa e/ou dímero Lambda observado em LCR. A técnica PAGE-WB para CLL mostrou-se um método alternativo para detectar a síntese intratecal em pacientes com suspeita de EM.


Subject(s)
Oligoclonal Bands , Multiple Sclerosis , Reference Standards , Referral and Consultation , Association , Cerebrospinal Fluid , Sensitivity and Specificity , Serum , Polymerization , Isoelectric Focusing
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