ABSTRACT
Introduction: safety culture attitudes of health workers are still not at the desired level. Although the creation of patient safety culture is important for all health care environments, it is more vital for critical units. Objective: to determine the patient safety culture levels of those working in the operating room environment and compare them with the 2008 results of the same hospitals. Materials and Methods: an analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017-2018. The Turkish version of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture was administered to nurses, anesthesia technicians, assistant physicians, and specialist physicians working in the Operating Rooms (n=258) of two university hospitals in Konya, a large city in Anatolian region of Turkey. Results: average percent positive response to the 42 items was low (41%, n=258). While there was no change in one dimension of the questionnaire compared to 2008; there was a positive change in 8 dimensions and a negative change in 3 dimensions. All 12 dimensions were lower than the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality score. Discussion: Despite many studies, policy developments and interventions on patient safety, the improvement of a patient safety culture is very slowly in Turkey as in other countries. Conclusion: non-reporting of errors and a punitive approach in case of errors are still considered the most important problems.
Introducción: las actitudes del personal de salud frente a la cultura de la seguridad siguen sin alcanzar su nivel deseado. Aunque la creación de una cultura de seguridad del paciente es importante en todos los entornos de cuidado, es vital en las unidades de cuidado crítico. Objetivo: determinar los niveles de cultura de seguridad del paciente de quienes trabajan en quirófanos y compararlos con los 2008 resultados de los mismos hospitales. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal analítico entre 2017 y 2018. La versión en turco de la Encuesta Hospitalaria sobre Cultura de Seguridad del Paciente se administró a profesionales de enfermería, anestesistas, médicos auxiliares y médicos especialistas que trabajaban en los quirófanos (n=258) de dos hospitales universitarios de Konya, una ciudad de la región de Anatolia en Turquía. Resultados: El porcentaje medio de respuestas positivas a los 42 ítems fue bajo (41%, n=258). Si bien no hubo cambios en una dimensión del cuestionario en comparación con los 2008 resultados, hubo un cambio positivo en 8 dimensiones y un cambio negativo en 3 dimensiones. Las 12 dimensiones presentaron una puntuación inferior a la de la Agencia para la Investigación y la Calidad del Cuidado de la Salud. Discusión: A pesar de los numerosos estudios, desarrollos en política e intervenciones en materia de seguridad del paciente, la mejora de la cultura de seguridad del paciente es muy lenta en Turquía, al igual que en otros países. Conclusión: No notificar errores y un enfoque punitivo en caso de error siguen considerándose los problemas más importantes.
Introdução: as atitudes de cultura de segurança dos profissionais de saúde ainda não estão no nível desejado. Embora a criação da cultura de segurança do paciente seja importante para todos os ambientes de assistência médica, ela é mais vital para as unidades críticas. Objetivo: determinar os níveis de cultura de segurança do paciente daqueles que trabalham no ambiente da sala de cirurgia e compará-los com os resultados de 2008 dos mesmos hospitais. Materiais e Métodos: um estudo analítico de corte transversal foi realizado em 2017-2018. A versão turca da Pesquisa Hospitalar sobre Cultura de Segurança do Paciente foi aplicada a enfermeiros, técnicos de anestesia, médicos assistentes e médicos especialistas que trabalham nas salas de cirurgia (n=258) de dois hospitais universitários em Konya, uma grande cidade na região da Anatólia, Turquia. Resultados: a porcentagem média de respostas positivas aos 42 itens foi baixa (41%, n=258). Embora não tenha havido alteração em uma dimensão do questionário em comparação com 2008, houve uma alteração positiva em 8 dimensões e uma alteração negativa em 3 dimensões. Todas as 12 dimensões foram inferiores à pontuação da Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Discussão: Apesar de muitos estudos, desenvolvimentos de políticas e intervenções sobre a segurança do paciente, o aprimoramento de uma cultura de segurança do paciente é muito lento na Turquia, assim como em outros países. Conclusão: a não notificação de erros e uma abordagem punitiva em caso de erros ainda são considerados os problemas mais importantes.
Subject(s)
Operating Rooms , Health Personnel , Benchmarking , Culture , Patient Safety , HospitalsABSTRACT
Introducción: el NPS (Net Promoter Score) es un indicador que se utiliza en los programas de experiencia del cliente para medir la satisfacción de dicho público objetivo y su lealtad. Nuestra finalidad fue consolidar el NPS por primera vez en una prepaga de un hospital de alta complejidad de Buenos Aires (PS-HIBA) en busca de establecer un indicador objetivo desde la perspectiva del cliente. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional analítico, de corte transversal. Se incluyeron en el estudio los datos obtenidos a partir de las respuestas de los afiliados al PS-HIBA. Resultados: se consolidó el primer indicador NPS del PS-HIBA: 22 puntos. Se visualizaron los tres perfiles de clientes, obteniendo un 45,7% promotores, 22,3% detractores y 32% pasivos o neutros. Complementariamente se identificaron los motivos de dichas calificaciones; las tres principales fueron: la problemática de accesibilidad a los turnos, la atención y los profesionales valorados positivamente. Conclusión: este estudio aporta un indicador objetivo, que facilita un lenguaje común en la organización y una comparación con el mercado desde la mirada del cliente. El NPS, como sistema, busca impulsar la construcción de una cultura centrada en el cliente, con el fin de mejorar su lealtad y permitir una retroalimentación donde se logra tener presente la voz del cliente, e identificar, priorizar y abordar los problemas percibidos. Nos permite establecer los lineamientos de oportunidades de mejora desde la perspectiva de los pacientes. (AU)
Introduction: the NPS (Net Promoter Score) is an indicator used in customer experience programs to measure the satisfaction of said target audience and their loyalty. Our purpose was to send the survey and consolidate the NPS for the first time in a high complexity prepaid hospital in Buenos Aires (PS-HIBA) in search of an objective indicator from the customer's perspective. Methods: an analytical, cross-sectional observational study was carried out. Data obtained from members' responses to the PS-HIBA were included in the study. Results: the first NPS indicator of PS-HIBA was consolidated: 22 points. The three customer profiles were displayed, obtaining 45.7% promoters, 22.3% detractors and 32% passive or neutral. Complementarily, the reasons for these qualifications were identified, being the three main ones: the problem of accessibility to medical appointments, the medical attention and the professionals valued positively. Conclusion: this study provides an objective indicator which facilitates a common language in the organization and a comparison with the market from the customer's point of view.The NPS as a system seeks to promote the construction of a customer-focused culture, in order to improve their loyalty and allow feedback. Thus, it is possible to keep the customer's voice in mind, identify, prioritize and address the perceived problems. It allows us to establish the guidelines for opportunities to improve from the patients' perspective. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Health Services Coverage , Patient Satisfaction , Quality Indicators, Health Care , Health Facilities, Proprietary , Argentina , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Benchmarking , Patient Reported Outcome MeasuresABSTRACT
Dietas vegetarianas vêm sendo cada vez mais adotadas no mundo. Com isso, há uma preocupação com a adequação nutricional e desempenho esportivo crescente entre profissionais de saúde e treinadores. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a percepção corporal sobre o treinamento físico entre indivíduos onívoros e vegetarianos e, de forma secundária, comparar a percepção entre as diferentes dietas vegetarianas no desempenho esportivo. A amostra teve um total de 189 participantes (47 do sexo masculino e 142 do sexo feminino), sendo 91 onívoros (31 do sexo masculino e 60 do sexo feminino) e 98 vegetarianos (17 do sexo masculino e 81 do sexo feminino). Foi utilizado o questionário de Percepção do Corpo na Performance Esportiva (Pecopes), constituído por duas dimensões: dimensão 1 = percepção do corpo no desempenho esportivo; dimensão 2 = percepção do corpo no treinamento técnico e tático. Os resultados mostraram uma diferença significativa na dimensão 1 favorável aos vegetarianos quando comparados aos onívoros. O subgrupo ovolactovegetariano também obteve resultado significativamente superior aos onívoros na dimensão 1. Assim, foi possível concluir que os participantes vegetarianos do presente estudo apresentaram uma melhor percepção do corpo no desempenho esportivo comparado com os onívoros, porém não foram encontradas diferenças na percepção do corpo quanto ao treinamento técnico e tático.
Las dietas vegetarianas se adoptan cada vez más en el mundo. Por lo tanto, existe una preocupación por la adecuación nutricional y el aumento del rendimiento deportivo entre los profesionales de la salud y los entrenadores. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la percepción corporal del entrenamiento físico entre individuos omnívoros y vegetarianos y, en segundo lugar, comparar la percepción de diferentes dietas vegetarianas sobre el rendimiento deportivo. La muestra tuvo un total de 189 participantes (47 hombres y 142 mujeres), siendo 91 omnívoros (31 hombres y 60 mujeres) y 98 vegetarianos (17 hombres y 81 mujeres). Se utilizó el cuestionario de Percepción del Cuerpo en el Rendimiento Deportivo (Pecopes), que consta de dos dimensiones: dimensión 1 = percepción del cuerpo en el rendimiento deportivo; dimensión 2 = percepción corporal en el entrenamiento técnico y táctico. Los resultados mostraron una diferencia significativa en la dimensión 1 favorable a los vegetarianos en comparación con los omnívoros. El subgrupo ovolactovegetariano también tuvo un resultado significativamente mayor que los omnívoros en la dimensión 1. Así, fue posible concluir que los participantes vegetarianos en el presente estudio tenían una mejor percepción del cuerpo en el rendimiento deportivo en comparación con los omnívoros, pero no hubo diferencias. que se encuentran en la percepción del cuerpo con respecto al entrenamiento técnico y táctico.
Vegetarian diets are increasingly being adopted around the world. Thus, there is a concern about nutritional adequacy and growing sports performance among health professionals and coaches. This study aimed to analyze the body perception of physical training between omnivorous and vegetarian individuals and, secondarily, to compare the perception of different vegetarian diets on sports performance. The sample had a total of 189 participants (47 males and 142 females), being 91 omnivores (31 males and 60 females) and 98 vegetarians (17 males and 81 females). We used the Body Perception on Sports Performance (Pecopes) questionnaire, which consists of two dimensions: dimension 1 = perception of the body in sports performance; dimension 2 = body perception in technical and tactical training. The results showed a significant difference in dimension 1, favorable to vegetarians when compared to omnivores. The ovolactovegetarian subgroup also obtained a significantly higher result than omnivores in dimension 1. Thus, it was possible to conclude that vegetarian participants in the present study had a better body perception during sports performance compared to omnivores, but there were no differences in body perception regarding technical and tactical training.
Subject(s)
Humans , Exercise , Benchmarking/methodsABSTRACT
Introducción: las infecciones asociadas a la atención de salud (IAAS) representan una problemática adicional a las condiciones clínicas que llevan a la persona a hospitalizarse ya que se incrementan las complicaciones. Objetivo: analizar el perfil epidemiológico de las IAAS de los pacientes atendidos en la Clínica Hospital Dr. Ismael Vázquez Ortiz de Querétaro, México. Metodología: estudio transversal, que consideró 571 registros con IAAS del periodo 2015 a 2019. Se elaboró tabla de supervivencia a intervalos de 7 días, se comparó promedio de días de estancia intrahospitalaria a partir del resultado de Gram en el cultivo. Se empleó un modelo de regresión de Cox para control de factores de confusión. Resultados: la mediana de estancia intrahospitalaria en pacientes con IAAS fue 13 días siendo la infección más frecuente la de sitio quirúrgico. Los 3 principales patógenos encontrados fueron Escherichia coli (24.3%), Pseudomona aeruginosa (11.2%) y Staphylococcus aureus (9.8%). Conclusiones: los días de estancia intrahospitalaria y los principales patógenos causantes de IAAS son similares a lo reportado en la literatura internacional; existen diferencias por tipo de infección nosocomial aunque esto podría deberse a la mayor proporción de adultos mayores que son atendidos en el Hospital Dr. Ismael Vázquez Ortiz de Querétaro.
Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) represent an additional problem to the clinical conditions that lead to hospitalization since complications are increased. Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile of HAIs in patients treated at the Dr. Ismael Vázquez Ortiz Hospital Clinic in Querétaro, Mexico. Methodology: Cross-sectional study, which considered 571 records with HAIs from 2015 to 2019. Survival table was elaborated at 7-day intervals, the average number of days of in-hospital stay was compared based on the Gram result in the culture. A Cox regression model was used to control for confounding factors. Results: The median in-hospital stay in patients with HAIs was 13 days, the most frequent infection being surgical site infection. The 3 main pathogens found were E scherichia coli (24.3%), Pseudomona aeruginosa (11.2%) and Staphylococcus aureus (9.8%). Conclusions: In-hospital days of stay and the main pathogens causing HAIs are similar to those reported in the international literature; there are differences by type of nosocomial infection, although this could be due to the higher proportion of older adults treated at the Dr. Ismael Vázquez Ortiz Hospital in Querétaro.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Health Profile , Hospital Care , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Mortality , Benchmarking , Economics, Hospital , Sociodemographic FactorsABSTRACT
O estudo apresenta os tamanhos do efeito, seus intervalos de confiança, classificações e visualizações para a atualização normativa de 2018 do Teste não verbal de Inteligência R-1, visto que as diferenças estatisticamente calculadas com base no valor p oferecerem evidências tênues contra a hipótese nula e, por isso, não servem como uma prova da significância clínica. Utilizou-se a amostra normativa do instrumento, composta por 5.595 adultos, de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 18 e 65 anos, provenientes das cinco regiões geográficas brasileiras e subdivididos pelos níveis de ensino fundamental, médio e superior. Os resultados apontaram tamanhos do efeito entre médios e grandes na comparação entre os níveis de ensino fundamental e médio; grande a muito grande na relação entre o ensino fundamental e o superior e; pequenos a médios entre os níveis médio e superior de ensino. Concluiu-se que as diferenças estatisticamente observadas, por meio das análises de variância e pos-hoc de Tukey refletem um efeito real quando se considera o impacto da variável nível de escolaridade no desempenho do teste. Entendeu-se que os estudos normativos do instrumento refletem um impacto real quando se considera a variável em estudo, devendo incluir o tamanho do efeito e seus respectivos intervalos de confiança.
The study presents the effect sizes, their confidence intervals, ratings, and visualizations for the 2018 normative update of the R-1 Nonverbal Intelligence Test, since the statistically calculated differences based on the p-value offer tenuous evidence against the null hypothesis and do not serve as a proof of clinical significance. We used the normative sample of the instrument, consisting of 5,595 adults of both sexes, aged 18 to 65 years, from the five Brazilian geographic regions and subdivided by elementary, middle, and high school levels. The results showed medium to large effect sizes in the comparison between elementary and high school levels; large to very large in the relation between elementary and high school; and small to medium effect sizes between high school and high school levels. It was concluded that the statistically observed differences, by means of variance and Tukey's post-hoc analyses reflect a real effect when considering the impact of the education level variable on test performance. It was understood that normative studies of the instrument reflect a real impact when considering the variable under study, and should include the effect size and their respective confidence intervals.
Subject(s)
Intelligence Tests , Benchmarking , Academic PerformanceABSTRACT
Abstract Objective The present study aimed to compare the effects of intraarticular infiltration of platelet-rich plasma with those of hyaluronic acid infiltration in the treatment of patients with primary knee osteoarthritis. Methods A randomized clinical trial was conducted with 29 patients who received an intraarticular infiltration with hyaluronic acid (control group) or platelet-rich plasma. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the visual analog scale for pain and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire before and after the intervention. In addition, the posttreatment adverse effects were recorded. Categorical variables were analyzed using the chi-square and Fisher exact tests, whereas continuous variables were analyzed using the Student t test, analysis of variance, and the Wilcoxon test; all calculations were performed with the Stats package of the R software. Results An independent analysis of each group revealed a statistical difference within the first months, with improvement in the pain and function scores, but worsening on the 6th month after the procedure. There was no difference in the outcomes between the groups receiving hyaluronic acid or platelet-rich plasma. There was no serious adverse effect or allergic reaction during the entire follow-up period. Conclusion Intraarticular infiltration with hyaluronic acid or platelet-rich plasma in patients with primary knee gonarthrosis resulted in temporary improvement of functional symptoms and pain. There was no difference between interventions.
Resumo Objetivo Comparar o efeito da infiltração intraarticular do plasma rico em plaqueta com a do ácido hialurônico no tratamento de pacientes com osteoartrose primária de joelho. Métodos Realizou-se um ensaio clínico randomizado com 29 pacientes, sendo um grupo submetido à infiltração com ácido hialurônico (controle) e o outro com plasma rico em plaquetas. Os desfechos clínicos avaliados foram a escala visual analógica da dor; o questionário Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), antes e depois da intervenção; e os efeitos adversos após as aplicações. Utilizou-se os testes do qui-quadrado e exato de Fisher para as variáveis categóricas, e o teste t de Student, análise de variância, e Wilcoxon para as variáveis contínuas, através do software R. Resultados A análise independente de cada grupo revelou uma diferença estatística nos meses iniciais, com melhora dos escores de dor e função; porém, com piora no 6° mês após o procedimento. Não houve diferença dos desfechos avaliados entre os grupos que foram submetidos à infiltração com ácido hialurônico ou com plasma rico em plaquetas. Não houve efeito adverso grave ou reação alérgica durante todo o seguimento. Conclusão A infiltração intraarticular com ácido hialurônico ou plasma rico em plaquetas nos joelhos dos pacientes com gonartrose primária apresentou melhora temporária dos sintomas de função e dor. Não houve diferença entre as duas intervenções.
Subject(s)
Humans , Osteoarthritis/therapy , Benchmarking , Platelet-Rich Plasma/drug effects , Hyaluronic Acid/therapeutic use , Anesthesia, Local , Knee/pathologyABSTRACT
En el artículo anterior se introdujo el tema y se desarrolló cómo es la recolección y análisis de datos, la selección y entrenamiento de modelos de aprendizaje automático supervisados y los métodos de validación interna que permiten corroborar si el modelo arroja resultados similares a los de otros conjuntos de entrenamiento y de prueba. En este artículo continuaremos con la descripción de la evaluación del rendimiento, la selección del modelo más adecuado para identificar la característica que se va a evaluar y la validación externa del modelo. Además, el artículo resume los desafíos existentes en la implementación del Machine Learning desde la investigación al uso clínico. (AU)
In the previous article, we introduced topics such as data collection and analysis, selection and training of supervised machine learning models and methods of internal validation that allow to corroborate whether the model yields similar results to other training and test sets.In this article, we will continue with the description of the performance evaluation, selecting the most appropriate model to identify the characteristic to evaluate and the external validation of the model. In addition, the article summarizes the actual challenges in the implementation of machine learning from research to clinical use. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Models, Educational , Benchmarking/methods , Machine Learning , Biomedical Technology/methods , Health Sciences, Technology, and Innovation ManagementABSTRACT
Resumo Apesar de lançado em 2011, o título de impacto social (SIB, na sigla em inglês social impact bonds) é um instrumento ainda em desenvolvimento e que encontra inúmeros desafios. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar características dos SIBs e desafios relativos à sua implementação como mecanismo para financiamento de projetos públicos com propósito social. Após revisão bibliográfica e documental, foram identificadas e apresentadas as principais críticas ao modelo. Três casos internacionais de SIBs que já encerraram seus ciclos de maturidade foram selecionados para a análise de aspectos éticos e metodológicos, de métricas, de resultados e de atores. Implicações para projetos no Brasil foram consideradas com base nas análises dos casos internacionais.
Resumen A pesar de haber sido lanzado en 2011, el contrato de impacto social (SIB, acrónimo del término inglés social impact bond) es un instrumento inmaduro que enfrenta numerosos desafíos. Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar las características de los SIB y los desafíos relativos a su implementación como mecanismos para financiar proyectos públicos con propósito social. Después de la revisión bibliográfica y documental, se identificaron y presentaron las principales críticas al modelo. Se seleccionaron tres casos internacionales de SIB que ya completaron sus ciclos de madurez para el análisis de aspectos éticos, metodológicos, de métricas de resultados y de actores. Las implicaciones para proyectos en Brasil se consideraron a partir del análisis de estos casos internacionales.
Abstract Despite being launched in 2011, the social impact bond (SIB) is an instrument under development that faces numerous challenges. This article presents the characteristics of SIBs and challenges related to their implementation as mechanisms to finance public projects with a social purpose. After a bibliographical and documentary review, three international cases of SIBs that have completed their maturity cycles, relevant for critical analysis of possible projects in Brazil, were selected. Ethical, methodological, metrics, results, and actor networks are analyzed in the three SIBs. Implications for projects in Brazil were considered from the analysis of these international cases.
Subject(s)
Public Policy , Social Change , Capital Financing , BenchmarkingABSTRACT
HIV transmission network analysis plays a significant role in the precise prevention and control of AIDS. The current studies inferred the HIV transmission networks mainly based on the social network methods and molecular network methods and interpret the structural characteristics using individual-level and network-level metrics. To provide references for further researches, we summarized the principles, advantages or disadvantages, and application of HIV transmission network analysis methods and metrics in this paper.
Subject(s)
Humans , Benchmarking , HIV InfectionsABSTRACT
According to the polarity of different components in Sanpian Decoction, two fingerprints were established. Then the substance benchmark freeze-dried powder of 15 batches of Sanpian Decoction was prepared, followed by the determination of the fingerprints, index component content, and dry extract rates, the identification of attribution of characteristic peaks, and the calculation of similarities between these fingerprints and the reference(R), the content and transfer rate ranges of ferulic acid, sinapine thiocyanate, liquiritin, and glycyrrhizic acid, and the dry extract rate range. The results showed that the similarities of 15 batches of the substance benchmark fingerprints with R were all greater than 0.900.Further summarization of the characteristic peaks revealed that there were a total of 20 characteristic peaks in fingerprint 1, among which, eight were from Sinapis Semen, four from Paeoniae Radix Alba, six from Chuanxiong Rhizoma, and two from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. A total of 16 characteristic peaks were observed in fingerprint 2, including one from Sinapis Semen, three from Paeoniae Radix Alba, eight from Chuanxiong Rhizoma, and four from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. The average dry extract rate of 15 batches of substance benchmarks was 18.25%, with a dry extract rate range of 16.28%-20.76%. The index component content and transfer rate ranges were listed as follows: 0.15%-0.18% and 38.81%-58.05% for ferulic acid; 0.26%-0.42% and 36.51%-51.02% for sinapine thiocyanate; 0.09%-0.15% and 48.80%-76.61% for liquiritin; 0.13%-0.24% and 23.45%-35.61% for glycyrrhizic acid. The fingerprint, dry extract rate, and index component content determination was combined for analyzing the quality value transfer of substance benchmarks in the classic prescription Sanpian Decoction.The established quality evaluation method for the substance benchmarks was stable and feasible, which has provided a basis for the quality control of Sanpian Decoction and the follow-up development of related preparations.
Subject(s)
Benchmarking , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Glycyrrhizic Acid/analysis , Paeonia , Quality Control , ThiocyanatesABSTRACT
The methods for determining the characteristic chromatogram and index components content of Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction were established to provide a scientific basis for the quality evaluation of substance benchmarks and preparations. Eighteen batches of Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction were prepared with the decoction pieces of different batches and of the same batch were prepared respectively, and the HPLC characteristic chromatograms of these samples were established. The similarities of the chromatographic fingerprints were analyzed. With liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid, 6-gingerol, ginsenoside Rg_1, and ginsenoside Re as index components, the high performance liquid chromatography was established for content determination with no more than 70%-130% of the mass average as the limit. The results showed that there were 19 characteristic peaks corresponding to the characteristic chromatograms of 18 batches of Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction, including 8 peaks representing liquiritin, 1,5-O-dicaffeoylqunic acid, ginsenoside Rg_1, ginsenoside Re, 1-O-acetyl britannilactone, ginsenoside Rb_1, glycyrrhizic acid, and 6-gingerol, and the fingerprint similarity was greater than 0.97. The contents of liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid, 6-gingerol, and ginsenosides Rg_1 + Re in the prepared Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction samples were 0.53%-0.86%, 0.61%-1.2%, 0.023%-0.068%, and 0.33%-0.66%, respectively. Except for several batches, most batches of Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction showed stable contents of index components, with no discrete values. The characteristic chromatograms and index components content characterized the information of Inulae Flos, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens in Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction. This study provides a scientific basis for the further research on the key chemical properties of substance benchmark and preparations of Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction.
Subject(s)
Benchmarking , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry , Ginsenosides/analysis , Glycyrrhizic Acid/analysis , Quality ControlABSTRACT
A total of 15 batches of the substance reference of Guizhi Jia Gegen Decoction(GZGGD) were prepared and the characteristic fingerprints of them were established. Furthermore, the similarity of the fingerprints and peak attributes were explored. The extraction rate, and the content and the transfer rate ranges of the index components, puerarin, paeoniflorin, liquiritin, and ammonium glycyrrhizate were determined for the analysis of the quality value transfer. The result demonstrated that the fingerprints of the 15 batches of the samples showed high similarity(>0.99). A total of 15 characteristic peaks were identified from the fingerprints, with 10 for Puerariae Lobatae Radix, 1 for Cinnamomi Ramulus, 2 for Paeoniae Radix Alba, and 2 for Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. The content of puerarin was 11.05-18.35 mg·g~(-1) and the average transfer rate was 21.27%-39.49%. The corresponding figures were 7.95-10.90 mg·g~(-1) and 23.28%-43.23% for paeoniflorin, 3.25-4.95 mg·g~(-1) and 32.31%-61.27% for ammonium glycyrrhizate, and 3.65-5.80 mg·g~(-1) and 14.57%-27.05% for liquiritin. The extraction rate of the 15 batches of samples was in the range of 16.85%-21.78%. In this paper, the quality value transfer of the substance reference of GZGGD was analyzed based on characteristic fingerprint, content of index components, and the extraction rate. This study is expected to lay a basis for the quality control and further development of GZGGD.
Subject(s)
Ammonium Compounds , Benchmarking , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , PaeoniaABSTRACT
Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field Orbitrap mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS/MS) was used for rapid identification of the chemical components in Kaixin San substance benchmark. The gradient elution was performed through a Waters ACQUITY~(TM) BEH C_(18) column(2.1 mm×150 mm, 1.7 μm) with water-acetonitrile as mobile phase, a column temperature of 30 ℃, a flow rate of 0.3 mL·min~(-1), and a sample size of 1 μL. The scanning was performed in the negative ion mode. The complex component groups in Kaixin San substance benchmark were quickly and accurately identified and clearly assigned based on the comparison of the retention time and MS data with those of the reference substance as well as the relative molecular weight of the same or similar components in the mass spectrum database and literature. A total of 77 compounds were identified, including 26 saponins, 13 triterpenoid acids, 20 oligosaccharide esters, 5 xanthones, and 13 other compounds. The qualitative method established in this study can systematically, accurately, and quickly identify the chemical components in Kaixin San substance benchmark, which can provide a basis for the further analysis of its active components in vivo and the establishment of its quality control system.
Subject(s)
Benchmarking , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry , Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methodsABSTRACT
Objetivo: Analisar se boas práticas de atenção ao parto estão sendo executadas e quais necessitam ser aperfeiçoadas no Hospital Materno Infantil Nossa Senhora de Nazaré (HMINSN), em Boa Vista-RR. Métodos: Foram registrados os partos normais de setembro de 2019 a março de 2020, pela equipe administrativa do hospital, na base de dados do Apice On. Nove recomendações de boas práticas da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) foram avaliadas e comparadas com outros serviços do País. Resultados: Observou-se que, em comparação com outros serviços do Brasil, entre as nove práticas analisadas, quatro apresentaram melhor resultado no HMINSN, com alta proporção de acompanhantes (90,1%), aplicação de ocitocina no terceiro período (98,7%), amamentação na primeira hora pós-parto (81,5%) e baixo número de episiotomia (8,8%). Além disso, atingiu metas do Apice On em quatro boas práticas, que são a presença de acompanhante (meta: acima de 90%), a aplicação de ocitocina no terceiro período (meta: acima de 90%), o clampeamento tardio do cordão umbilical (meta: acima de 90%) e a episiotomia (meta: abaixo de 10%). Conclusão: Este estudo identificou que é preciso melhorar as taxas de prescrição de dieta livre e o contato pele a pele na primeira hora pós-parto. De modo geral, o HMINSN tem apresentado bons indicadores em relação a outros serviços do País e vem buscando aprimorar a organização da equipe e do serviço para que todas as recomendações da OMS sejam efetivamente praticadas.(AU)
Objective: Analyze whether good practices for child care are being carried out and which need to be improved at the Hospital Materno Infantil Nossa Senhora de Nazaré (HMINSN), in Boa Vista-RR. Methods: Normal deliveries from September 2019 to March 2020 were recorded by the hospital's administrative staff in the Apice On database. Nine recommendations of World Health Organization (WHO) good practices were evaluated and compared with other services in the country. Results: It was observed, in comparison with other services in Brazil, among the nine practices analyzed, four of them had better results at HMINSN, with a high proportion of companions (90.1%), application of oxytocin in the third period (98.7 %), breastfeeding in the first hour postpartum (81.5%) and low number of episiotomy (8.8%). In addition, it reached Apice On targets in four good practices, which are the presence of a companion (target: above 90%), the application of oxytocin in the third period (target: above 90%), the late clamping of the umbilical cord (target: above 90%) and episiotomy (target: below 10%). Conclusion: This study identified that it is necessary to improve the prescription rates of free diet and skin-to-skin contact, in the first postpartum hour. In general, HMINSN has presented good indicators in relation to other services in the country and has been seeking to improve the organization of the team and the service, so that all WHO recommendations are effectively practiced.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Maternal and Child Health , Women's Health , Benchmarking , Humanizing Delivery , Delivery, Obstetric , World Health Organization , Brazil/epidemiology , Breast Feeding , Oxytocin , Cesarean Section , Cross-Sectional Studies , Databases, Bibliographic , Patient Rights , Labor Pain/therapy , Diet , Episiotomy , Patient Positioning , Umbilical Cord ClampingABSTRACT
Abstract The present study is aimed to formulate steroidal oral mucoadhesive gels of dexamethasone sodium phosphate and betamethasone sodium phosphate. Six gel formulations each of dexamethasone sodium phosphate and betamethasone sodium phosphate prepared using two different polymers carboxymethyl cellulose sodium and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, in variable proportions. All the formulations subjected for assessment of various physicochemical parameters and mechanical properties. The formulations BSP5 and DSP5, both containing 1.25 % carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, 1.25 % hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, exhibiting mucoadhesive strength of 12.300 ± 0.004 and 12.600 ± 0.01, adhesiveness of 28.04 ± 00 and 30.02 ± 00, cohesiveness of 28.04 ± 00 and 30.02 ± 00, drug release of 86.869 ± 0.380 % and 88.473 ± 0.457 % respectively were considered as promising ones and were further subjected for stability studies and in vivo study in male albino rats. Formulation DSP5 upon oral application for 4 months in arecoline induced oral submucous fibrosis rats, showed more than 80 % reduction in fibrosis as compared with BSP5 which showed nearly 50 % reduction. These results were concluded on the basis of histopathological profile and weight gain among the experimental animals during in vivo study. Hence, DSP5 by minimizing the painful injuries and morbidities justifies being suitable noninvasive model for OSMF treatment.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Oral Submucous Fibrosis/drug therapy , Betamethasone/analysis , Dexamethasone/analysis , Chemistry, Physical/classification , Benchmarking/methods , Gels/classification , Adhesiveness , Drug LiberationABSTRACT
Resumo Objetivo Avaliar os indicadores hospitalares e suas repercussões, antes e após a implantação do Núcleo Interno de Regulação, no número de internações mensais em hospital universitário público. Método Pesquisa avaliativa, do tipo Estudo de Caso desenvolvida em hospital universitário público. Foram mensurados 28 indicadores relacionados à estrutura, produção, produtividade e qualidade, que integram o referencial de Benchmarking interno. Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva e regressão múltipla para identificar os fatores independentes e associados ao número de internações mensais com intervalos de confiança de 95%. Resultados A implantação do Núcleo aumentou significativamente (p<0,001) o número de altas, o fator de utilização e índice de renovação dos leitos, internação de urgência, porcentagem de ocupação dos leitos, procedimentos cirúrgicos realizados e média de paciente-dia (p=0,027). Houve redução (p<0,001) no número de atendimentos no pronto socorro médico, obstétrico e ortopédico, nas taxas de infecção hospitalar e de mortalidade infantil, bem como na diminuição média de permanência de 0,81/dia, aproximadamente um dia a menos de internação por paciente, ou um ganho de 40 leitos disponíveis ao mês. Conclusão Embora o número de leitos disponíveis tenha sido menor no período pós-implantação, o intervalo de substituição de leitos reduziu, representando o aumento de mais 40 leitos ao mês devido à diminuição do tempo de permanência dos pacientes na instituição.
Abstract Objective To evaluate the hospital indicators and their repercussions on the number of monthly admissions to a public university hospital, before and after implementing the Internal Regulation Center. Method An evaluative research study, of the Case Study type, developed in a public university hospital. A total of 28 indicators related to structure, production, productivity and quality were measured, which are part of internal Benchmarking. The data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics and multiple regression to identify the independent factors and those associated with the number of monthly hospitalizations with 95% confidence intervals. Results Implementation of the Center significantly increased (p<0.001) the number of discharges, the bed utilization factor and the bed renewal rate, emergency hospitalization, bed occupancy percentage, surgical procedures performed and the patient-day mean value (p=0.027). There was a reduction (p<0.001) in the number of visits to the medical, obstetric and orthopedic emergency room, in the rates of in-hospital infection and infant mortality, as well as a mean reduction of 0.81/day, approximately one day less of hospitalization per patient, or a gain of 40 available beds per month. Conclusion Although the number of available beds was lower in the post-implementation period, the bed replacement interval was reduced, representing an increase of 40 more beds per month due to the reduction in the patients' length of stay in the institution.
Resumen Objetivo Evaluar los indicadores hospitalarios y sus repercusiones, antes y después de la implantación del Centro Interno de Regulación, sobre el número de internaciones mensuales en un hospital universitario público. Método Investigación evaluativa, del tipo Estudio de Caso, desarrollada en un hospital universitario público. Se midieron 28 indicadores relacionados con la estructura, producción, productividad y calidad, que forman parte del Benchmarking interno. Los datos fueron analizados por estadística descriptiva y regresión múltiple para identificar factores independientes y asociados con el número de hospitalizaciones mensuales con un intervalo de confianza del 95%. Resultados La implantación del Centro incrementó significativamente (p<0,001) el número de altas, el factor de utilización y tasa de renovación de camas, la hospitalización de urgencia, el porcentaje de ocupación de camas, los procedimientos quirúrgicos realizados y el promedio de pacientes/día (p =0,027). Se registró una reducción (p<0,001) en el número de las consultas de emergencias médicas, obstétricas y ortopédicas, en las tasas de infección hospitalaria y mortalidad infantil, además de una disminución promedio de la estancia del 0,81/día, aproximadamente un día menos de hospitalización por paciente, o 40 camas disponibles más mes. Conclusión Aunque el número de camas disponibles fue menor en el período posterior a la implantación, el intervalo de sustitución de camas se redujo, lo que representó un aumento de 40 camas más por mes debido a la disminución de la estancia de los pacientes en la institución.
Subject(s)
Health Evaluation , Health Status Indicators , Benchmarking , Hospital Bed Capacity , HospitalizationABSTRACT
Este trabajo es el racconto de una trayectoria de más de una década de estudio, de investigación y de docencia en el dispositivo de mediación FOTOLENGUAJE, desarrollada en Uruguay por los integrantes del Departamento de Fotolenguaje de la Asociación de Psicopatología y Psiquiatría de la Infancia y la Adolescencia del. Uruguay (APPIA). En el año 2005, el Coloquio organizado por la Universidad Lyon2 Francia, propició el encuentro entre la Dra. Dora Musetti y la Prof. Lilián Pezzani del que surgió un convenio académico entre la Universidad Lyon 2 Francia y la Universidad de la República de Uruguay (UdelaR). Ese año la Prof. Claudine Vacheret llega a Montevideo con la misión de consolidar el convenio que firman ambas Universidades, dando inicio a las actividades de formación, intercambio e investigación que se mantienen hasta el presente. Entre ellas se desarrolla el proceso de elaboración de carpetas de fotos uruguayas que fueron presentadas en la Universidad de San Pablo en 2019, y los cursos anuales de formación en Fotolenguaje, en que se han formado más de 180 profesionales que desarrollan su actividad en variadas inserciones. En la búsqueda de fortalecer la formación y gracias a múltiples apoyos, se realiza la primera traducción al español del libro Foto, grupo y cuidado psíquico de Claudine Vacheret. Se invita al Prof. Gaillard a dictar un curso de APP en Montevideo y se inician los ateneos de Análisis de la Prácticas.
This article is the description of a trajectory of more than one decade of study, research and teaching in the MEDIATION device FOTOLENGUAJE, developed in Uruguay by the members of the Photo language Department of the Association of Psychopathology and Psychiatry of Children and Adolescents. Uruguay (APPIA). In 2005, the Colloquium organized by the University Lyon2 France, led to the meeting between Dr. Dora Musetti and Prof. Lilián Pezzani from which an academic agreement arose between the University Lyon 2 France and the University of the Republic of Uruguay (UdelaR). That year Prof. Claudine Vacheret arrived in Montevideo with the mission of consolidating the agreement signed by both Universities, starting the training, exchange and research activities that are maintained to the present day. Among them is the process of preparing Uruguayan photo folders that were presented at the University of San Pablo in 2019, and the annual training courses in Fotolenguaje, in which more than 180 professionals have trained who develop their activity in various insertions. In the search to strengthen the formation and thanks to multiple supports, the first Spanish translation of the book "Photo, group and psychic care" by Claudine Vacheret is carried out. Prof. Gaillard is invited to teach an PPP course in Montevideo and the Ateneans of Practice Analysis are initiated.
Este trabalho é a descrição de uma trajetória de mais de uma década de estudo, pesquisa e ensino no dispositivo de MEDIAÇÃO FOTOLENGUAJE, desenvolvido no Uruguai pelos membros do Departamento de Linguagem Fotográfica da Associação de Psicopatologia e Psiquiatria da Criança e do Adolescente. Uruguai (APPIA). Em 2005, o Coloquio organizado pela Universidade Lyon2 França, levou à reunião entre a Dra. Dora Musetti e o Prof. Lilián Pezzani, do qual surgiu um acordo acadêmico entre a Universidade Lyon 2 França e a Universidade da República do Uruguai (UdelaR). Naquele ano, a Prof³ Claudine Vacheret chegou a Montevidéu com a missão de consolidar o convênio firmado pelas duas Universidades, iniciando as atividades de treinamento, intercâmbio e pesquisa que são mantidas até os dias atuais. Entre eles está o processo de elaboração de pastas fotográficas uruguaias que foram apresentadas na Universidade de São Paulo em 2019, e os cursos anuais de capacitação em Fotolenguaje, nos quais mais de 180 profissionais se formaram que desenvolvem sua atuação em diversas inserções. Na busca pelo fortalecimento da formação e graças a múltiplos apoios, é realizada a primeira tradução em espanhol do livro "Foto, grupo e cuidados psíquicos", de Claudine Vacheret. O Prof. Gaillard é convidado a ministrar um curso de PPP em Montevidéu e os Ateneans of Practice Analysis são iniciados.
Subject(s)
Benchmarking , Training Courses , MentoringABSTRACT
Objetivo: Caracterizar a percepção das mães acerca das práticas de atenção ao parto. Método: Estudo de naturezaexploratória, descritiva, tendo como caminho a abordagem quali-quantitativa. Realizado em três Unidades de Saúde da Família (USF), no ano de 2016, pertencentes aos municípios de Pilar e Mari no estado da Paraíba, Brasil. A população foi composta por todas as mães cadastradas nas referidas USF's e a amostra 30 participantes. A análise dos dados oriundos dos questionários ocorreu de maneira estatística, a partir do programa Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), versão 20.0. A pesquisa atendeu aos requisitos propostos pela Resolução 466/12. Resultados: Falta de conhecimento e empoderamento das mães participantes quanto aos seus direitos durante o trabalho de parto e parto, dessa maneira conclui-se que existe pouco entendimento e percepção com relação às ações realizadas. Conclusão: Espera-se o conhecimento e empoderamento das mães participantes, bem como, mudar a realidade obstétrica no Brasil(AU)
Objective: To characterize the perception of mothers about childbirth care practices. Method: Study of an exploratory,descriptive nature, with the qualitative-quantitative approach as a path. lt was carried out in three Family Health Units (USF), in 2016, belonging to the municipalities of Pilar and Mari in the state of Paraíba, Brazil. The population consisted of ali mothers registered in the USF's references and a sample of 30 participants. Data from the questionnaires were analyzed statistically, using the Statistic Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program, version 20.0. The research met the requirements proposed by Resolution 466/12. Results: Lack of knowledge and empowerment of participating mothers about their rights during labor and delivery, thus it is concluded that there is little understanding and perception regarding the actions taken. Conclusion: Knowledge and empowerment of participating mothers is expected, as well as changing the obstetric reality in Brazil.(AU)
Objetivo: caracterizar la percepción de las madres sobre las prácticas de atención ai parto. Método: Estudio decarácter exploratorio, descriptivo, con el abordaje cualitativo-cuantitativo como camino. Se llevó a cabo en tres Unidades de Salud de la Familia (USF), 2016, pertenecientes a los municípios de Pilar y Mari en el estado de Paraíba, Brasil. La población estuvo compuesta por todas las madres registradas en las referencias de la USF y una muestra de 30 participantes. Los datos de los cuestionarios se analizaron estadísticamente mediante el programa Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), versión 20.0. La investigación cumplió con los requisitos propuestos por la Resolución 466/12. Resultados: Falta de conocimiento y empoderamiento de las madres participantes sobre sus derechos durante el trabajo de parto y parto, por lo que se concluye que existe poca comprensión y percepción sobre las acciones realizadas. Conclusión: Se espera conocimiento y empoderamiento de las madres participantes, así como cambiar la realidad obstétrica en Brasil.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Women's Health , Benchmarking , Parturition , MothersABSTRACT
El propósito de este estudio consistió en revisar el modelo del Balanced Scorecard y analizar su aplicabilidad como instrumento de gestión en los centros de salud. El tipo de investigación fue de tipo documental, con un diseño no experimental. Para alcanzar el objetivo, se revisaron los postulados teóricos de Kaplan y Norton, así como algunas implementaciones prácticas centradas en este paradigma que fueron desarrolladas en Norteamérica, Europa y Sur América. Los resultados demuestran el alto valor agregado que ofrece el Balanced Scorecard como instrumento de gestión en centros de salud.
The purpose of this study was to review the Balanced Scorecard model and analyze its applicability as a management instrument in health centers. The type of research was documentary, with a non-experimental design. To achieve the objective, the theoretical postulates of Kaplan and Norton were reviewed, as well as some practical implementations focused on this paradigm that were developed in North America, Europe and South America. The results demonstrate the high added value that the Balanced Scorecard offers as a management instrument in health centers.