ABSTRACT
Objetivo: Comparar los resultados y las complicaciones entre la fijación percutánea con clavijas (FPC) y el enclavado endomedular elástico (EEE). materiales y métodos:Se evaluaron las radiografías para determinar deformidades angulares en la consolidación. Se usó el sistema de Clavien-Dindo adaptado para clasificar las complicaciones. Resultados: El grupo A (FPC) incluyó a 17 pacientes y el grupo B (EEE), a 19. La edad promedio era de 12.5 ± 1.6 años y el seguimiento promedio fue de 27.6 ± 16.6 meses. Los pacientes con EEE requirieron menos tiempo de inmovilización (2.8 ± 1.8 vs. 5.9 ± 1.3 semanas, p 0,00029). Un paciente de cada grupo tuvo una angulación >10° en la consolidación. La tasa de complicaciones fue mayor en el grupo A (18% vs. 5,3%, p 0,27). En el grupo A, hubo 2 complicaciones tipo III (pérdida de corrección) y 2 tipo II (infección y granuloma). Un paciente del grupo B presentó una complicación tipo I (prominencia del implante). Dieciséis pacientes del grupo B se sometieron a una segunda cirugía para extraer el implante. Dos del grupo A requirieron revisión de la fijación por pérdida de alineación. Conclusiones: Ambas técnicas son eficaces para estabilizar fracturas metafiso-diafisarias de radio distal en adolescentes. El EEE tiene la ventaja de una inmovilización más corta y menos complicaciones, pero es más caro y requiere otra cirugía para extraer el implante. La FPC no requiere de anestesia para extraer el implante, aunque sí una inmovilización más prolongada y la tasa de complicaciones es más alta. Nivel de Evidencia: III
Objective: To compare results and complications of closed reduction percutaneous pinning (CRPP) versus dorsal entry elastic intramedullary nails (ESIN). Materials and methods: Radiographs were evaluated to determine angular deformities at the time of radiographic union. Complications were graded with a modification of the Clavien-Dindo classification. Results: The CRPP group consisted of 17 patients (Group A) whereas the ESIN group consisted of 19 patients (Group B). The average age of the patient cohort was 12.5±1.6 years. The average follow-up was 27.6±16.6 months. The demographic data revealed no differences between groups (p> 0.05). Patients treated with ESIN required a shorter immobilization time (2.8±1.8 versus 5.9±1.3 weeks, p 0.00029). One patient in each group presented an angulation >10° at the time of consolidation. The complication rate was higher in group A (18% versus 5.3%, p 0.27). According to the Clavien-Dindo classification, group A presented 2 type II (infection and granuloma), and 2 type III complications (loss of reduction). Group B presented one type I complication (implant prominence). Sixteen patients in group B underwent a second procedure for hardware removal. Two patients (11.8%) in group A required revision due to loss of reduction. Conclusions: Both techniques are effective in stabilizing metaphyseal-diaphyseal fractures of the distal radius in the adolescent population. ESIN has the advantage of requiring a shorter immobilization time and fewer complications but needs a second surgery for implant removal. CRPP does not require anesthesia for implant removal, although it requires a longer postoperative immobilization, and has a higher complication rate. Level of Evidence: III
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Radius Fractures/surgery , Bone Nails , Treatment Outcome , Forearm Injuries , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/methodsABSTRACT
Objetivos: Las fracturas intertrocantéricas son cada vez más frecuentes debido al envejecimiento de la población. La osteosíntesis con clavo cefalomedular se utiliza ampliamente para tratar estas fracturas. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la tasa de fallas en la osteosíntesis con clavo cefalomedular y sus factores de riesgo. Materiales y métodos: Se evaluó retrospectivamente a pacientes >75 años con fracturas intertrocantéricas tratados con clavo cefalomedular, en nuestro Centro, entre enero de 2016 y diciembre de 2019. Se analizó el ángulo cervicodiafisario de la cadera operada en el posoperatorio inmediato, la distancia punta-ápice y la posición del tornillo deslizante en la cabeza femoral. Resultados: Se incluyó a 66 pacientes. Hubo 8 casos de fallas en la osteosíntesis (12,12%). Se comprobó que ciertos factores ya establecidos (distancia punta-ápice >25 mm y reducción en varo) también fueron factores de riesgo significativos para falla en la osteosíntesis, en nuestra cohorte. La posición inadecuada del tornillo deslizante fue un factor de riesgo con significación estadística en el análisis univariado, pero no en el multivariado. Conclusiones: Al tratar las fracturas intertrocantéricas con un clavo cefalomedular, la reducción en neutro o ligero valgo, apuntando a una distancia punta-ápice ≤25 mm redujo significativamente el riesgo de falla en la osteosíntesis. Hallamos que una localización superior o posterior del tornillo deslizante aumenta el riesgo de falla en la fijación, si bien la localización del tornillo no fue un factor de riesgo significativo en el análisis multivariado. Nivel de Evidencia: II
Objectives: Intertrochanteric fractures are increasingly frequent due to population aging. Osteosynthesis with cephalomedullary nail is widely used for the treatment of these fractures. The objective of this study is to analyze the rate of failure in osteosynthesis associated with cephalomedullary nail and the risk factors for this event. Materials and methods: All cases of patients older than 75 years with intertrochanteric fractures treated in our center with cephalomedullary nails between January 2016 and December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The cervico-diaphyseal angle of the operated hip was determined in the immediate postoperative period. We also analyzed the tip-apex distance (TAD) and the position of the lag screw in the femoral head. Results: 66 patients were included in the study. There were 8 cases of failure in osteosynthesis (12.12%). It was found that previously recognized factors in the literature (TAD>25 mm and reduction in varus) were also significant risk factors for failure in osteosynthesis in our cohort. The inadequate position of the lag screw was a risk factor that showed statistical significance in the univariate analysis, but not in the multivariate one in this study. Conclusions: When treating intertrochanteric fractures with cephalomedullary nail, a neutral or slightly valgus reduction aiming for a TAD ≤25 mm significantly reduced the risk of failure in osteosynthesis. We found evidence that a superior or posterior location of the lag screw increases the risk of fixation failure, although the location of the screw was not a significant risk factor in the multivariate analysis. Level of Evidence: II
Subject(s)
Aged , Bone Nails , Risk Factors , Treatment Outcome , Fracture Fixation, Internal , Hip FracturesABSTRACT
Intertrochanteric fractures have become a severe public health problem in elderly patients. Proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) is a commonly used intramedullary fixation device for unstable intertrochanteric fractures. Pelvic perforation by cephalic screw is a rare complication. We reported an 84-year-old female who fell at home and sustained an intertrochanteric fracture. The patient underwent surgery with PFNA as the intramedullary fixation device. Routine postoperative examination revealed medial migration of the helical blade that eventually caused pelvic perforation. We performed a cemented total hip arthroplasty as the savage procedure. At the latest follow-up of 12 months after total hip arthroplasty, the patient had no pain or loosening of the prosthesis in the left hip. Pelvic perforation should be considered when choosing PFNA as the intramedullary fixation device, especially in patients with severe osteoporosis wherein the helical blade can be easily inserted during the operation. The lack of devices to avoid oversliding of the helical blade in PFNA is an unreported cause of this complication and should be considered in such cases.
Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Bone Nails/adverse effects , Female , Femur , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/adverse effects , Hip Fractures/surgery , Humans , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Presentamos el primer reporte de caso en paciente adulto con virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH + ) con fractura por fragilidad en fémur proximal asociada al uso de terapia antirretroviral (TARV) con fumarato de disoproxilo de tenofovir (FDT) en Chile. Actualmente, los pacientes diagnosticados con VIH inician tratamiento precoz con TARV, lo que implica mayor cantidad de años de exposición a los fármacos de la terapia. El tiempo de exposición acumulado al FDT se ha asociado a disminución de la densidad mineral ósea y falla renal progresiva, pudiendo el paciente desarrollar síndrome de Fanconi adquirido y osteomalacia, con riesgo aumentado de fractura. Presentamos el caso de un hombre de 44 años, VIH+ , evaluado en urgencia tras caída a nivel que resultó en fractura patológica del fémur proximal. Los exámenes de ingreso destacaron hipocalemia, hipocalcemia, hipofosfatemia e hipovitaminosis D. Se realizó manejo multidisciplinario, con suspensión del FDT, un cambio en la TARV, y suplementación con calcio y carga de vitamina D. Se realizó reducción cerrada y fijación con clavo cefalomedular largo, que evolucionó favorablemente con rehabilitación motora precoz; el paciente recuperó su funcionalidad previa, y se observó consolidación ósea a las 12 semanas. La aparición de dolor osteomuscular en pacientes VIH+ en TARV debe levantar alta sospecha clínica de efecto adverso a medicamento; el seguimiento de estos pacientes debe incluir el control seriado de la función renal y de los niveles séricos de calcio y fósforo. La búsqueda y sospecha de estas complicaciones permitiría una intervención precoz, mejorando la condición de los pacientes y previniendo fracturas patológicas.
We present the first case report of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive adult patient with a fragility fracture of the proximal femur associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in Chile. Currently, patients diagnosed with HIV start ART early, resulting in more years of exposure to these drugs. The accumulated exposure time to TDF has been associated with a decreased bone mineral density and progressive renal failure, potentially leading to acquired Fanconi syndrome, osteomalacia, and an increased risk of fracture. We present a case of a 44-year-old, HIV-positive man assessed at the emergency room after a fall from standing height which resulted in a proximal femoral pathological fracture. Laboratory findings at admission revealed hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and hypovitaminosis D. Multidisciplinary management was performed, with TDF discontinuation, ART change, and supplementation with calcium and vitamin D. Closed reduction and fixation with a long cephalomedullary nail was successful, with early motor rehabilitation, functional recovery, and bone consolidation at 12 weeks. Musculoskeletal pain in HIV-positive patients on ART must raise the clinical suspicion of an adverse drug effect; the follow-up of these subjects must include serial monitoring of renal function and serum calcium and phosphorus levels. Screening and suspicion of such complications would enable an early intervention, improving the patients' condition and preventing pathological fractures.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Anti-HIV Agents/adverse effects , Femoral Fractures/chemically induced , Femoral Fractures/therapy , Tenofovir/adverse effects , Vitamin D/therapeutic use , Bone Nails , Calcium/therapeutic use , Closed Fracture Reduction , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/instrumentationABSTRACT
Introducción: La indicación de realizar una osteosíntesis con un clavo endomedular retrógrado en las fracturas de fémur se ha incrementado en los últimos años y, con ello, la cantidad de complicaciones. Se describen tres técnicas quirúrgicas para el manejo del fragmento proximal de la osteosíntesis endomedular rota. Desde marzo de 2001 hasta enero de 2019, se realizaron 321 osteosíntesis con clavos endomedulares retrógrados de fémur en nuestra institución. La tasa de rotura del implante asociada a una seudoartrosis fue del 0,9%. Se realizaron técnicas mínimamente invasivas para la extracción del implante, preservando las partes blandas. Se logró la reosteosíntesis definitiva con la consiguiente consolidación en un tiempo medio de 140 días. Conclusiones: Las técnicas utilizadas fueron simples, seguras, mínimamente invasivas y muy reproducibles. Nivel de Evidencia: IV
background: The indication for osteosynthesis with a retrograde intramedullary nail in femur fractures has increased in recent years and with it, the number of complications. Three surgical techniques are described for the management of the proximal fragment of the broken intramedullary osteosynthesis. From March 2001 to January 2019, 321 osteosyntheses with retrograde femoral intramedullary nails were performed at our institution. The implant rupture rate associated with nonunion was 0.9%. Minimally invasive techniques were performed to remove the implant, preserving the soft tissues. Definitive reosteosynthesis was achieved with the consequent consolidation in an average time of 140 days. Conclusions: The techniques used were simple, safe, minimally invasive, and reproducible. Level of Evidence: IV
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Middle Aged , Aged , Rupture , Bone Nails/adverse effects , Device Removal , Femoral Fractures/surgery , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Objetivos: Comparar el tratamiento de pacientes con fracturas oblicuas o espiroideas largas de metacarpianos, mediante reducción abierta y fijación interna con tornillos interfragmentarios solos o placas y tornillos. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo comparativo entre 2 grupos de pacientes: uno con 24 pacientes tratados con tornillos interfragmentarios solos y otro con 17 pacientes tratados mediante osteosíntesis con placas y tornillos. En ambos, se utilizó un abordaje longitudinal dorsal, y se les indicó inmovilización posoperatoria con valva de yeso y rehabilitación con el mismo equipo de terapistas ocupacionales. Tras un seguimiento mínimo de 12 meses, se evaluaron los resultados con el puntaje DASH, la movilidad activa total, la distancia pulpejo-palma y la fuerza con dinamometría comparativa. Se consideró significativo un valor p <0,05. Resultados: El tiempo promedio de seguimiento fue de 24.5 meses (rango 12-43).No se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el puntaje DASH, la movilidad activa total, la distancia pulpejo-palma y la fuerza. El tiempo hasta el reingreso laboral fue inferior en el grupo tratado con placas y tornillos, aunque se registraron dos casos de retiro de material, sumado, en uno de ellos, a adherencia tendinosa (tenólisis). Conclusiones: El tratamiento de pacientes con fracturas oblicuas o espiroideas largas de metacarpianos, mediante tornillos interfragmentarios solos o placas y tornillos logró resultados similares, se destaca el menor tiempo hasta la reincorporación laboral y la mayor cantidad de complicaciones con placas y tornillos. Nivel de Evidencia: III
Objective: To compare open reduction and internal fixation with interfragmentary screws and with plates and screws for the treatment of long oblique or spiral metacarpal fractures. Materials and methods: A comparative retrospective study was carried out between 2 groups of patients treated surgically. In the first group, 24 patients were treated with interfragmentary screws and in the second group, 17 patients were treated with plate and screw osteosynthesis. A dorsal longitudinal approach was used. Postoperatively, immobilization was performed using a plaster splint; both groups followed rehabilitation with same occupational therapist team. After a minimum follow-up of 12 months, they were evaluated with the DASH score, total active motion (TAM), pulp-to-palm distance, and comparative contralateral dynamometry. A p value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The average follow-up was 24.5 months (range 12-43 months). There were no statistically significant differences in DASH, TAM, pulp-to-palm distance, and strength. The group treated with plate and screw fixation returned to work earlier, although there were two cases of implant removal, in addition to tendon adherence (tenolysis) in one of them. Conclusions: The treatment of patients with long oblique or spiral metacarpal fractures with interfragmentary screws or plates and screws showed similar outcomes; the treatment with plate and screws allowed an earlier return to work but had a greater number of complications. Level of Evidence: III
Subject(s)
Adult , Bone Nails , Bone Screws , Treatment Outcome , Metacarpal Bones/surgery , Fractures, Bone , Finger Injuries/surgery , Fracture Fixation, InternalABSTRACT
Las fracturas intertrocantéricas representan el 50% de todas las fracturas del fémur proximal y su incidencia aumenta debido a la mayor expectativa de vida de la población. La reducción y fijación con un clavo de fémur proximal es el tratamiento de elección. Sin embargo, la falla de la osteosíntesis genera un aumento en la morbilidad y mortalidad, especialmente en el grupo de pacientes más añosos. Numerosos estudios señalan que los principales factores predictivos de falla están relacionados con errores de reducción de la fractura o con una incorrecta colocación del implante. Estos errores pueden ocurrir en distintas etapas de la técnica quirúrgica, como la planificación preoperatoria, la ubicación del paciente, la visualización y la reducción de la fractura, la ubicación del punto de ingreso y la colocación del clavo, y el posicionamiento del elemento (tornillo o lámina) cefálico. Por lo tanto, sobre la base de la bibliografía disponible y las más de 1000 fracturas intertrocantéricas tratadas con clavos de fémur proximal desde abril de 2002 hasta mayo de 2020, nos proponemos describir los posibles errores durante la técnica quirúrgica y ofrecer una guía sistematizada para evitarlos. Conclusiones:A pesar del gran avance y desarrollo de implantes en los últimos años, los principales factores determinantes del resultado final de la fijación de las fracturas intertrocantéricas siguen siendo la calidad de la reducción y el correcto posicionamiento del implante. Conocer los diferentes errores que se pueden producir durante cada uno de los pasos de la técnica quirúrgica resulta indispensable para poder evitarlos. Nivel de Evidencia: V
Intertrochanteric fractures represent 50% of all proximal femur fractures and their incidence is increasing due to the greater life expectancy of the population. Reduction and fixation with a proximal femoral nail is the treatment of choice. However, the failure of osteosynthesis generates an increase in morbidity and mortality, especially in elderly patients. Numerous studies indicate that the main factors of failure are related to errors in fracture reduction and incorrect implant placement. These errors can occur at different stages of the surgical technique: preoperative planning; patient positioning; visualization and reduction of the fracture; location of the entry point and positioning of the cephalic element (screw or blade). Therefore, based on the existing literature and the experience of more than 1000 intertrochanteric fractures treated with proximal femoral nails from April 2002 to May 2020, we set to describe possible errors during the surgical technique and provide a systematic guide to avoid them. Conclusion: In spite of the improvements in implant design in recent years, the main factors determining the final outcome of the fixation of intertrochanteric fractures are the quality of reduction and the correct positioning of the implant. Awareness of the different errors that may occur at each stage of the surgical technique is essential to avoid them. Level of Evidence: V
Subject(s)
Bone Nails , Fracture Fixation, Internal , Hip FracturesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the short-term effect of suprapatellar interlocking intramedullary nail in the treatment of tibial fractures.@*METHODS@#Eighty patients with tibial fractures treated from January 2016 to June 2018 were treated with interlocking intramedullary nail, who were divided into observation group (suprapatellar approach) and control group (patellar ligament approach) according to different surgical approaches. There were 40 cases in the observation group, including 28 males and 12 females, aged 28 to 67 years with a mean of (46.70±10.34) years. There were 40 cases in the control group, including 30 males and 10 females, aged 31 to 69 years with a mean of(49.38±10.74) years. The operation time, incision length, intraoperative C-arm X-ray fluoroscopy times, intraoperative blood loss, fracture healing time, postoperative active straight leg raise (SLR) time, hospital stay, visual analogue scale (VAS), knee pain rate and postoperative Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score were recorded and compared between two groups.@*RESULTS@#All the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 19 to 38 months, with an average of(24.60±4.52) months. In the observation group, the operation time was(53.83± 7.01) min;the incision length was (3.98±0.83) cm;the number of intraoperative C-arm X-ray fluoroscopy was (18.90±1.75) times;the fracture healing time was (10.03±0.89) weeks;the postoperative active SLR time was (1.19±0.25) days;and the hospital stay was(6.73±1.06) days. The above indexes were better than those in the control group (@*CONCLUSION@#The treatment of tibial fractures with suprapatellar interlocking intramedullary nail has the advantages of less trauma and better recovery of knee function. It can obtain more satisfactory clinical results and can be further widely used.
Subject(s)
Bone Nails , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary , Fracture Healing , Humans , Male , Tibial Fractures/surgery , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To summarize the complications of core drilling intramedullary nail in the treatment of femoral shaft closed fracture and explore the treatment strategy.@*METHODS@#From August 2014 to June 2018, a total of 215 patients with closed femoral shaft fractures were treated with closed reduction core drill intramedullary nail, including 129 males and 86 females, aged from 18 to 62 years, with an average of (44.2±10.6) years old. The time from injury to operation was 3 to 21 days. There were 102 cases of AO type A fracture, 82 cases of AO type B fracture and 31 cases of AO type C fracture. The time of operation, the amount of blood loss during operation, the duration of hospitalization, the time of fracture healing and the HSS score of knee joint function at the last follow-up were recorded. The observation of complications included:iatrogenic fracture, core drill broken, core drill twist, postoperative infection, and fracture nonunion.@*RESULTS@#The average operation time was (63.2± 15.6) min and intraoperative blood loss was (150.0±34.5) ml. All the incisions reached grade A healing. Patients were follow up for a mean of (18.5±3.2) months, the average hospital stay was (4.3±1.2) days, and the average fracture healing time was (5.6±2.3) months. At the final follow-up, the average HSS score of knee joint was 90.3±4.7. Related complications occurred in 37 cases (17.2%). The core drill related complications occurred in 13 cases (6.0%), including core drill broken in 5 cases (2.3%), core removal in 1 case and slotting in 4 cases;core drill twist in 8 cases (3.7%). After the core was cut, the core was removed. Similar complicationsof conventional intramedullary nail:iatrogenic fracture was performed in 12 cases (5.6%), including 10 cases of fracture end split and 2 cases of distal perimedullary fracture of intramedullary nail. The patients with cleavage at the fracture end were not treated after judging their stability, and the patients with fracture around the distal end of the intramedullary nail were fixed with auxiliary steel plate during operation;1 case(0.4%) with delayed infection after operation, debridement and external fixation was replaced and healed after bone transfer; fracture nonunion occurred in 11 cases (5.1%), of which 7 cases (3.3%) were hypertrophic nonunion and healed with additional plate. Atrophic nonunion occurred in 4 cases (1.9%), which healed after additional steel plate and bone graft.@*CONCLUSION@#Core drilling intramedullary nail is an effective method for the treatment of closed femoral shaft fracture, and the complications include core drill related complications and conventional intramedullary nail similar complications. Accurate preoperative evaluation, careful operation during operation and early postoperative symptomatic treatment can effectively reduce the occurrence of related complications.
Subject(s)
Adult , Bone Nails , Female , Femoral Fractures/surgery , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/adverse effects , Fracture Healing , Fractures, Closed , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of femoral offset (FO) on the postoperative functional results of proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) in femoral trochanteric fractures.@*METHODS@#From May 2017 to June 2019, 112 patients receiving PFNA were analyzed, X-ray and CT examination of both hips were performed before operation, and X-ray examination of both hips of pelvis was performed on the first day after operation. Among them, 71 patients showed bilateral FO difference≤ 5 mm on positive X-ray film (group A), and 41 patients showed bilateral FO difference>5 mm (group B). There was no significant difference between two groups in gender, age, operative side, course of disease, Harris score of preoperative hip joint, preoperativeFO(@*RESULTS@#Patients in both groups were followed up for 12 months after surgery, and all patients reached the healing criteria. The difference of Harris score of the hip joint at 6 and 12 months after surgery was statistically significant (@*CONCLUSION@#In the treatment of trochanteric fractures with PFNA, the greater the difference of FO between the two sides, the worse the postoperative function of the patients. The appropriate FO(the difference of FO between the two sides ≤5 mm) can improve the postoperative function of the patients.
Subject(s)
Bone Nails , Femoral Fractures , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary , Hip Fractures/surgery , Humans , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To study the prognosis and complications of proximal femoral nail antirotation(PFNA) in the treatment of elderly intertrochanteric fracture.@*METHODS@#From January 2016 to November 2019, 127 cases of femoral intertrochanteric fracture were treated with PFNA, including 51 males and 76 females. The average age was 81.39±8.16 (range from 60 to 98). According to Evans classification, the numbers of cases of typeⅠa, typeⅠb, typeⅠc, typeⅠd and typeⅡwere 10, 46, 48, 16 and 7, respectively. Based on the AO /OTA classification, there were 10 cases of type 31-A1.2, 84 of type 31- A1.3, 17 of type 31-A2.2, 9 of type 31-A2.3, and 7 of type 31-A3. Preoperative and the final follow up, function of hip joint of patients treatedwith the PFNA were evaluated by harris hip score, and the postoperative complications were observed.@*RESULTS@#No incision infection occurred in all patients after PFNA. In this research, 4 cases failed in internal fixation, three of them underwent artificial femoral head replacement;5 cases died within one year after operation;2 cases had multiple embolizations of pulmonary artery branches, which recovered after anticoagulation treatment. There were 48 cases complicated with pneumonia, among which 9 cases had pulmonary inflammation before operation;27 cases with pleural effusion, 3 cases with acute heart failure, 3 cases with acute renal insufficiency, except one case died of pneumonia, pleural effusion, hypoproteinemia and respiratory failure during hospitalization, the other patients recovered after treatment. All 119 patients were followed up for 6 to 36 months, with an average of (17.01±6.03) months, Harris hip score increased from 8.96±5.40 preoperation to 83.57±8.92 at the final follow-up (@*CONCLUSION@#PFNA is a recommended option for the treatment of senile patients with intertrochanteric fracture. However, there were a lot of complications when femoral intertrochanteric fractures happened in aged patients, especially prevention and treatment of pulmonary embolism, promptly corrected low hemoglobin and low albumin, and reduce complications.
Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Bone Nails , Female , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/adverse effects , Hip Fractures/surgery , Humans , Male , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effect of metabolic syndrome on 15 days postoperative adverse events of femoral intertrochanteric fractures with internal fixation.@*METHODS@#From January 2011 to June 2019, 986 elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture were treated with internal fixation, including 312 males and 674 females, with an average age of(77.71± 7.58) years old. And there were 97 patients with metabolic syndrome and 889 patients without metabolic syndrome. Through the electronic medical record system, the patient's age, gender, fracture type, cause of trauma, body mass index, smoking history, preoperative comorbidities, preoperative bloodtransfusion, operation timing, ASA classification, anesthesia method, internal fixation type, operation duration, and 15 days postoperative adverse events, which include surgical site infection, acute heart failure, acute respiratory failure, pulmonary infection, acute renal failure, DVT, embolism in important organs, urinary tract infection, death, and blood transfusion after surgery were collected. The differences of preoperative and intraoperative baseline datas and 15 days postoperative adverse events between the two groups were compared and analyzed by t text or univariate @*RESULTS@#There were statistical differences in age, body mass index, history of cardiac insufficiency, history of COPD, history of renal insufficiency, operation timing, ASA classification, operation duration, surgical site infection, acute heart failure, DVT, urinary tract infection and blood transfusion between two groups (@*CONCLUSION@#Elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture with metabolic syndrome had higher postoperative surgical site infection rate, DVT incidence rate, urinary tract infection rate, and postoperative blood transfusion rate. Therefore, the orthopedic treatment team should give more attentionand optimize the treatment plan during the perioperative period with the cooperation of internal physician and anesthesiologist.
Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Bone Nails , Female , Fracture Fixation, Internal/adverse effects , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/adverse effects , Hip Fractures/surgery , Humans , Male , Metabolic Syndrome/complications , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical efficacy of femoral head replacement and internal fixation in the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly.@*METHODS@#Retrospective analysis of 70 cases of unstable intertrochanteric fractures treated from January 2016 to January 2019 and meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 39 cases were fixed with closed reduction and new proximal femoral intramedullary nail(InterTAN), and 31 cases were treated with open trochanter reconstruction and artificial femoral head replacement. The operation time, intraoperative bleeding, hospital stay, weight bearing time, postoperative complication rate and hip function recovery (Harris score) were compared between two groups.@*RESULTS@#All cases were followed up for 12 to 24 months. There were no significant differences in intraoperative bleeding and hospital stay between the two groups (@*CONCLUSION@#InterTAN and femoral head replacement can treat unstable intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly, but femoral head replacement can move down early, improve the quality of life at the end of life, reduce postoperative complications and facilitate the treatment of coexisting diseases in internal medicine.
Subject(s)
Aged , Bone Nails , Femoral Fractures , Femur Head , Fracture Fixation, Internal , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary , Hip Fractures/surgery , Humans , Quality of Life , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To compare clinical efficacy of intramedullary nail fixation following two-step closed reduction or limited open reduction for femoral subtrochanteric fractures.@*METHODS@#Forty six patients with femoral subtrochanteric fractures were analyzed retrospectively from January 2014 to April 2020. Twenty four patients which including 16 males and 8 females, aged from 34 to 91 years old with an average of (55.42±18.25) years old, were treated with two step closed reduction and intramedullary nail fixation on supine position. Twenty-two patients which including 15 males and 7 females, aged from 33 to 87 years old with an average of (56.31±14.77) years old, were performed limited open reductionand intramedullary nail fixation. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, complications and fracture healing time were recorded and compared between two groups. Postoperative Harris hip score at 8 months was applied to evalaute joint function.@*RESULTS@#All patients were successfully complete operation without incision infection. All patients were followed up from 8 to 36 months with an average of (18.2± 6.1) months. Introperation blood loss, operation time in closed reduction group were (157.92±51.07) ml, (82.08±13.43) min respectively, while in limited open reduction group were (230.91±87.88) ml, (92.73±12.79) min respectively; while there were statistical difference between two groups (@*CONCLUSION@#Femoral subtrochanteric fractures could be effectively treated by both methods. Two-step closed reduction and intramedullary nail fixation may be more advantageous in less tissue damage, shorter operation time and less intraoperative bleeding.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Bone Nails , Female , Femoral Fractures , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary , Fracture Healing , Hip Fractures/surgery , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Introducción El movimiento de los dedos es dado por un complejo mecanismo que combina tanto extensión como flexión. La alteración del mecanismo extensor en la zona descrita como I, produce una deformidad del dedo conocida como dedo en martillo. El cual puede tener manejo conservador o inclusive quirúrgico cuando está indicado. Materiales y Métodos Estudio observacional descriptivo de tipo corte transversal retrospectivo de pacientes intervenidos por lesión de dedo en martillo en la mano entre junio de 2017 y enero de 2018, operados por cirujanos del módulo de mano a partir de la técnica quirúrgica percutánea con pin transóseo. Resultados Con un total de 48 de pacientes, el 81,25% de los casos fueron hombres, entre los 31 y los 55 años, en su gran mayoría diestros, con mayor frecuencia de lesión de la mano derecha y en el 41,67% de los casos con compromiso del segundo dedo, seguido del tercer dedo (39,58%), secundario a un trauma contuso. Adicionalmente se reportó complicaciones en 2 pacientes (4,16%). Discusión El dedo en martillo es una lesión en su mayoría secundaria a un trauma contuso, de predominio en hombres y de la mano dominante, la cual puede recibir manejo conservador a partir del uso de una férula tipo stack o quirúrgico. Los resultados reportados en el presente estudio siguen los datos descritos por la literatura internacional, encontrándose de forma adicional, la presentación de múltiples comorbilidades y siendo rara la incidencia de la lesión en poblaciones jóvenes. La población atendida presenta características demográficas y relacionadas a la lesión similares a las reportadas en la literatura internacional.
Background The movement of the fingers is given by a complex mechanism that combines both extension and flexion. The alteration of the extensor mechanism at distal interphalangeal joint of the finger is known as mallet finger. Mallet finger can be managed either surgically or not surgically with external splints. Materials and methods A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive observational study was performed including patients diagnosed with mallet finger injury between June 2017 and January 2018 surgically treated with percutaneous internal fixation surgical technique using a transosseous pin. Results A total of 48 patients were included, 81.25% of the cases were men, between 31 and 55 years old, the vast majority right-handed, with a higher frequency of injury to the right hand. 41.67% of cases involved the second finger, followed by the third finger (39.58%), secondary to a blunt trauma. Additionally, complications were reported in 2 patients (4.16%). Discussion Mallet finger is an injury mostly secondary to a blunt trauma, predominantly in men and of the dominant hand, which can receive conservative management from the use of a stack-type or surgical splint. The results reported in the present study follow the data described in the international literature, additionally finding the presentation of multiple comorbidities and the incidence of injury in young populations being rare. The population treated presents demographic and injury-related characteristics similar to those reported in the international literature.
Subject(s)
Humans , Hammer Toe Syndrome , Bone NailsABSTRACT
Introducción: El tratamiento de las fracturas tibiales con clavos endomedulares a través del abordaje suprapatelar, ha demostrado una serie de ventajas. El siguiente artículo presenta un caso de fractura medio-diafisaria de tibia, tratado en el Hospital Naval Puerto Belgrano. Objetivo: Presentar un paciente de 25 años con fractura tibial medio-diafisaria, tratado con enclavado endomedular acerrojado mediante técnica de colocación suprapatelar. Conclusiones: El abordaje suprapatelar en semi-extensión, se ofrece como una opción válida para el tratamiento de este tipo de fracturas.
Introduction: The treatment of tibial fractures with endomedullary nails through the suprapatellar approach has demonstrated a series of advantages. The following article presents a case of a mid-diaphyseal tibial fracture treated at the Naval Hospital in Puerto Belgrano. Objective: To present a 25-year-old patient with a mid-diaphyseal tibial fracture, treated with interlocking endomedullary nailing using a suprapatellar placement technique. Conclusions: The suprapatellar approach in semi-extension is a valid option for the treatment of this type of fracture.
Subject(s)
Tibial Fractures , Bone Nails , Case ReportsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical effect of double plate combined with iliac bone graft in the treatment of femoral nonunion after intramedullary nailing.@*METHODS@#From December 2008 to December 2017, double plate combined with autogenous iliac bone graft was used to treat femoral nonunion after intramedullary nailing. There were 11 cases, including 10 males and 1 female, aged 35 to 62 years, and the time from fracture to nonunion was 12 to 20 months. According to Judet classification, there were 8 cases of atrophic nonunion and 3 cases of proliferative nonunion. Regular follow-up was conducted after operation to record the fracture healing time, load-bearing activity time and complications, and to observe the repair effect of double plate fixation combined with iliac bone graft on nonunion after femoral shaft fracture operation.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up for 12 to 22 months. The operation time was 70 to 130 min and the blood loss was 180 to 350 ml. After operation, 2 cases had knee stiffness, which recovered after passive exercise with CPM machine for 2 weeks;1 case had pain in iliac bone donor area, which was relieved after 3 months. The time of fracture healing was 24 to 40 weeks, and the time of complete weight-bearing activity was 14 to 32 weeks. SF-36 quality of life score at the final follow-up:body pain 70 to 82, activty 70 to 82, social function 72 to 83, the overall health 72 to 82. At the end of the follow-up, there were no complications such as limb shortening, infection, poor wound healing, internal fixation failure (fracture, loosening).@*CONCLUSION@#It is an effective method to treat nonunion of femur after intramedullary nailing by using double plate combined with autogenous iliac bone graft.
Subject(s)
Adult , Bone Nails , Bone Plates , Bone Transplantation , Female , Femoral Fractures/surgery , Femur , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary , Fracture Healing , Fractures, Ununited/surgery , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Quality of Life , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the influencing factors of perioperative blood transfusion in the treatment of elderly femoral intertrochanteric fractures with proximal femoral nail antirotation(PFNA).@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 109 elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures who received PFNA treatment from July 2018 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Both pelvic hip X-rays and CT plain scans were performed before surgery. All patients were diagnosed by X-ray and CT plain scan of pelvis and hip before operation. Through the statistical analysis of the basic data of patients before and during operation, the risk factors of perioperative blood transfusion were explored.@*RESULTS@#Logistic regression analysis showed that age (@*CONCLUSION@#Age, fracture type, diabetes history, and preoperative hemoglobin are independent risk factors for perioperative blood transfusion in the treatment of elderly intertrochanteric fractures with PFNA. The older the patient, the history of diabetes, the more unstable the fracture, and the lower preoperative hemoglobin, the more likely it is to require a blood transfusion, which may provide a reference for clinical perioperative blood transfusion decisions.
Subject(s)
Aged , Blood Transfusion , Bone Nails , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/adverse effects , Hip Fractures/surgery , Humans , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To develop a universal screwdriver for sealing the end of the central hole of the femoral interlocking intramedullary nail, so as to shorten the operation time of the tail cap implantation of the intramedullary nail and improve the accuracy of implantation.@*METHODS@#Total 77 patients with intertrochanteric fractures underwent femoral interlocking intramedullary nail (FIIN) surgery from June 2018 to June 2019. There were 28 males and 49 females, aged 55 to 80 (76.22± 7.32) years old, and course of disease was 20 to 40 h. All patients were divided into universal screwdriver group (39 cases) and ordinary screwdriver group (38 cases) according to whether the self-developed universal screw was applicable during the operation. The blood loss during tail cap implantation, the time of tail cap implantation, the success rate of one-time implantation, and the postoperative curative effect were compared between two groups.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up for 12 to 36 months, with an average of(20.00±6.38) months. The bleeding volume and the time of tail cap implantation in the universal screwdriver group were significantly lower thanthose in the ordinary screwdriver group (@*CONCLUSION@#The universal screwdriver is easy to operate during the operation when using the cap of the femoral intramedullary nail, the operation time is shortened, the amount of bleeding is reduced, and the treatment effect is satisfactory.
Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Bone Nails , Female , Femoral Fractures , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary , Fracture Healing , Hip Fractures/surgery , Humans , Male , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore clinical effects of intramedullary nailing through suprapatellar approach with semiextended position in treating tibial fractures.@*METHODS@#From January 2018 to June 2019, 23 patients with tibia fractures were treated with suprapatellar approach intramedullary nailing on knee semiextended position, including 18 males and 5 females, aged from 26 to 67 years old with an average age of (38.5±9.6) years old. Eight patients were tibial proximal fractures, 7 patients were tibial shaft fractures, 6 patients were tibial distal fractures and 2 patients were tibial segmental fractures. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, complications and fracture healing time were recorded. Range of motivation of knee joint between 3 days and 3 months after operation were compared, Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score and visual analogue scale (VAS) were used to evaluate clinical effects.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up from 8 to 19 months with an average of (12.3±7.6) months. Operation time was (55.3±5.1) min, intraoperative blood loss was (84.0±8.7) ml. No obvious complications occurred. All patients were achieved bony union at stageⅠ, fracture healing time ranged from 3 to 8 months with an average of (4.6±1.5) months. Flexion extension range of knee motion at 3 days after operation was (110.4±15.3)°, and increased to (123.7±16.5)° at 3 months after operation (@*CONCLUSION@#Intramedullary nailing through suprapatellar approach with semiextended position in treating tibia fractureshas advantages of simple operation, less trauma for soft tissue, less pain, rapid recovery of function and less complication. It is especially suitable for patients with tibial multi-segment fracture and multiple fractures of ipsilateral lower limb for safety and simple.