ABSTRACT
Abstract Objective: to identify the vaccination and serological status against hepatitis B among community health workers; to vaccinate against hepatitis B virus and to evaluate the immune response of susceptible workers. Method: phase I, cross-sectional and descriptive study, among community health workers in a capital city of the Midwest region, through a self-administered questionnaire, checking of vaccination cards, and blood collection for testing of serological markers for hepatitis B. Phase II, cohort study carried out in vaccinated non-immune workers identified in phase I. They received one dose of vaccine (challenge dose) and serological testing. Results: a total of 109 workers participated in the study. Most had vaccination record (97; 89.0%) and vaccination completeness (75; 77.3%), while the isolated anti-HBs (Antibodies against hepatitis B virus) marker was detected in 78 (71.6%) workers. The prevalence of hepatitis B virus exposure was 8.2%. Of the ten non-immune vaccinated workers, after challenge dose, one remained susceptible. Conclusion: although most workers are vaccinated and show immunological response to hepatitis B, susceptibility after challenge dose was identified. Therefore, it is necessary to have a surveillance program of the vaccination situation and serological status for this virus, to promote these workers' safety.
Resumo Objetivo: identificar a situação vacinal e sorológica contra hepatite B entre agentes comunitários de saúde; vacinar contra o vírus da hepatite B e avaliar a resposta imunológica dos agentes susceptíveis. Método: fase I, estudo transversal e descritivo, entre agentes comunitários de saúde de uma capital da região Centro-oeste, por meio de questionário autoaplicável, conferência do cartão vacinal e coleta de sangue para testagem dos marcadores sorológicos para hepatite B. Fase II, estudo de coorte realizado em trabalhadores vacinados não imunes e identificados na fase I. Estes receberam uma dose da vacina (dose desafio) e teste sorológico. Resultados: participaram do estudo 109 agentes. A maioria tinha registro de vacinação (97; 89,0%) e completude vacinal (75; 77,3%), já o marcador anti-HBs (anticorpos contra o vírus da hepatite B) isolado foi detectado em 78 (71,6%) agentes. A prevalência de exposição ao vírus da hepatite B foi de 8,2%. Dos dez agentes vacinados não imunes, após a dose desafio, um permaneceu susceptível. Conclusão: apesar da maioria dos trabalhadores estarem vacinados e apresentarem resposta imunológica para hepatite B, a suscetibilidade após a dose desafio foi identificada. Portanto, é necessário que haja um programa de vigilância da situação vacinal e estado sorológico para este vírus, para promover a segurança destes trabalhadores.
Resumen Objetivo: identificar la situación de la vacunación y serología contra la hepatitis B entre agentes comunitarios de la salud, vacunar contra el virus de la hepatitis B y evaluar la respuesta inmunológica de los agentes susceptibles. Método: fase I, estudio transversal y descriptivo, entre agentes comunitarios de la salud de una capital de la región centro oeste, por medio de cuestionario autoadministrado, verificación del carné de vacunación y extracción de sangre para comprobar los marcadores serológicos para la hepatitis B. Fase II, estudio de cohorte realizado en trabajadores vacunados no inmunes e identificados en la Fase I; estos recibieron una dosis de la vacuna (dosis de desafío) y realizaron el test serológico. Resultados: participaron del estudio 109 agentes. La mayoría tenía registro de vacunación (97; 89,0%) y de cobertura de vacunación (75; 77,3%); el marcador anti-HBs (Anticuerpos contra el virus de la hepatitis B) aislado fue detectado en 78 (71,6%) de los agentes. La prevalencia de exposición al virus de la hepatitis B fue de 8,2%. De los diez agentes vacunados no inmunes, después de la dosis desafío, uno permaneció susceptible. Conclusión: a pesar de que la mayoría de los trabajadores estaban vacunados y presentaron respuesta inmunológica para la hepatitis B, la susceptibilidad, después de la dosis desafío, fue identificada. Por tanto, es necesario que exista un programa de vigilancia de la situación de vacunación y estado serológico para este virus, para promover la seguridad de estos trabajadores.
Subject(s)
Humans , Hepatitis B virus , Occupational Exposure , Occupational Health , Community Health Workers , Hepatitis B/prevention & control , Hepatitis B AntibodiesABSTRACT
Objetivo: validar o conteúdo de uma tecnologia educacional sobre uso racional de medicamentos para Agentes Comunitários de Saúde ribeirinhos. Método: pesquisa metodológica guiada pelo modelo de Pasquali para a validação de conteúdo e a produção da versão final do manual. Na coleta de dados foram utilizados dois questionários para juízes especialistas. Para a análise utilizou-se a estatística do Índice de Validação de Conteúdo e o Escore Suitability Assessment of Materials. Resultados: o Índice de Validação de Conteúdo Global foi de 87,25% em uma única rodada, sendo no primeiro bloco referente aos objetivos com 96,80%, no segundo bloco de apresentação e estrutura com 84,80% e no terceiro bloco de relevância do material com 87,30%. O Escore Suitability Assessment of Materials obtido foi de 100,0%. Conclusão: o conteúdo do manual foi validado e a produção está adequada para subsidiar a educação permanente em saúde dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde Ribeirinhos.
Objetivo: validar el contenido de una tecnología educativa sobre uso racional de medicamentos para Agentes Comunitarios de Salud ribereños. Método: investigación metodológica guiada por el modelo de Pasquali para la validación de contenido y la producción de la versión final del manual. En la recopilación de datos se utilizaron dos cuestionarios para jueces expertos. Para el análisis se utilizó la estadística del Índice de Validación de Contenido y el Escore Suitability Assessment of Materials. Resultados: el Índice de Validación de Contenido Global fue de 87,25% en una sola ronda, siendo en el primer bloque referente a los objetivos con 96,80%, en el segundo bloque de presentación y estructura con 84,80% y en el tercer bloque de relevancia del material con 87,30%. El Escore Suitability Assessment of Materials obtenido fue de 100,0%. Conclusión: el contenido del manual fue validado y la producción está adecuada para subsidiar la educación permanente en salud de los Agentes Comunitarios de Salud Ribereños.
Objective: to validate the content of an educational technology on the rational use of medicines for riverine Community Health Workers. Method: methodological research guided by the Pasquali model for content validation and production of the final version of the manual. In the data collection two questionnaires were used for expert judges. For the analysis, the statistics of the Content Validation Index and the Suitability Assessment of Materials Score were used. Results: the Global Content Validation Index was 87.25% in a single round, being the first block referring to the objectives with 96.80%, the second block of presentation and structure with 84.80% and the third block of relevance of the material with 87.30%. The Suitability Assessment of Materials score obtained was 100.0%. Conclusão: the content of the manual was validated and the production is adequate to subsidize the permanent health education of the Riverside Community Health Workers.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Risk Groups , Educational Technology , Drug Utilization/standards , Community Health Workers/organization & administration , Validation StudyABSTRACT
Objetivo: descrever as mensagens dos agentes comunitários de saúde sobre cuidado no território. Método: estudo descritivo, qualitativo, realizado em três unidades básicas de saúde da cidade de Boa Vista, Roraima, Brasil. O grupo social foi constituído por quinze agentes comunitários de saúde. Os dados foram produzidos com grupos focais a partir de mapas falantes orientado por um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado. Os achados foram transcritos e analisados segundo o referencial teórico-analítico de Bardin. Resultados: as mensagens de cuidado no território foram organizadas em duas categorias: mensagens sobre espiritualidade e religiosidade envolvidas na produção de cuidado no território e mensagens sobre as ações de cuidar realizadas pela unidade básica de saúde no território. Conclusão: a espiritualidade e a religiosidade foram descritas a partir da figura das casas das rezadeiras, centro espírita e igrejas presentes no território. As mensagens de cuidado foram decodificadas como escuta de necessidades, apoio emocional, suporte psicológico, atividades em grupos para jovens e dependentes químicos. As ações de cuidar foram descritas em atividades de promoção à saúde e prevenção de agravo por meio das visitas domiciliares, educação em saúde e ações em escolas
Objective: to describe the messages of community health agents about care in the territory. Method: a descriptive, qualitative study conducted in three basic health units located in the city of Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil. The social group consisted of fifteen community health agents. The data was produced with focus groups from talking maps guided by a semistructured interview script. The findings were transcribed and analyzed according to Bardin's theoretical-analytical framework. Results: the messages about care in the territory were organized into two categories: messages about spirituality and religiosity involved in the production of care in the territory, and messages about the care actions of the basic health unit carried out in the territory. Conclusion: spirituality and religiosity were described from the figure of the houses of the prayers, spiritist centers, and churches present in the territory. The care messages were decoded as listening to needs, emotional support, psychological support, group activities for youth and drug addicts. The care actions were described in health promotion and disease prevention activities through home visits, health education, and actions in schools.
Objetivo: describir los mensajes de los agentes comunitarios de salud sobre el cuidado en el território. Método: estudio descriptivo, cualitativo realizado en tres unidades básicas de salud de la ciudad de Boa Vista, Roraima, Brasil, con quince agentes comunitarios de salud. Los datos se produjeron con grupos focales a partir de mapas parlantes guiados por un guión de entrevista semiestructurado. Los hallazgos fueron analizados según el marco de Bardin. Resultados: los mensajes de cuidados en el territorio fueron organizados en dos categorías: mensajes sobre espiritualidad y religiosidad involucradas en la producción del cuidado en el territorio y mensajes sobre las acciones de cuidado a la unidad básica de salud realizadas en el territorio. Conclusión: espiritualidad y religiosidad fueron descritas a partir de la figura de las casas de los rezos, centro espírita e iglesias presentes en el territorio. Sus mensajes de cuidados fueron decodificados como escucha de necesidades, apoyo emocional, apoyo psicológico, actividades grupales para jóvenes y drogodependientes. Las acciones de cuidados se describieron en actividades de promoción de la salud y prevención de enfermedades mediante visitas domiciliarias, educación en salud y acciones en las escuelas.
Subject(s)
Community Health Workers , Sociocultural Territory , Territorialization in Primary Health CareABSTRACT
O presente estudo teve como objetivo compreender como se configuram relações entre gênero e trabalho de cuidado na produção de subjetividade de mulheres agentes comunitárias de saúde. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, construída com base em aportes teóricos dos estudos de gênero e da psicologia social do trabalho. Realizaram-se entrevistas com cinco mulheres que atuavam em um município do sul de Santa Catarina e as declarações obtidas foram analisadas pelo método de análise temática por meio de um processo que possibilitou a construção de três categorias temáticas: "as participantes em seus territórios de trabalho: relações e responsabilidades", indicando que o território de atuação se constitui como possibilidade de reconhecimento profissional, responsabilização e criação de vínculos; "gênero e trabalho de cuidado: entre o público e o privado", evidencia que o trabalho da agente comunitária de saúde é marcado pelo gênero; e, por fim, "é cansativo, mas eu gosto: o paradoxo do trabalho", categoria que aponta que os sentidos atribuídos ao trabalho são paradoxais, pois relataram realização profissional e, ao mesmo tempo, adoecimento físico e psíquico
This study examines how gender and care work are interrelated by female community health agents in the production of subjectivity. Qualitative in nature, based on theoretical contributions from gender studies and the social psychology of work, the research conducted interviews with five women working in a municipality in Southern Santa Catarina. All statements underwent thematic analysis, resulting in three thematic categories: "the participants in their work territories: relationships and responsibilities", indicating that the performance territory constitutes a possibility of professional recognition, accountability and creation of bonds; "gender and care work: between the public and the private", shows that the work of the community health worker is marked by gender; and, finally, "it's tiring, but I like it: the paradox of work", a category that points out that the meanings attributed to work are paradoxical, as they reported professional achievement and, at the same time, physical and psychological illness
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Community Health Workers/psychology , Sexism , Territorialization in Primary Health Care , Burnout, Professional , Job SatisfactionABSTRACT
RESUMO Este artigo objetiva mapear a literatura sobre as aplicações e percepções acerca do uso de tecnologias digitais nas práticas de trabalhadores comunitários de saúde. Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo realizada na PubMed, Bireme, SciELO, Web of Science, Embase e Scopus. Foram incluídos 63 artigos que relatam o uso de tecnologias digitais por esses trabalhadores em 24 países. Como resultados, identificou-se que o suporte à saúde materno-infantil é a condição com maior predomínio das práticas. Os benefícios identificados envolvem ampliação do acesso, melhoria da gestão do trabalho, qualificação, diversificação, ampliação da formação e ganho de legitimidade da categoria. Os desafios se traduzem nas limitações em relação ao vínculo com a comunidade, longitudinalidade do cuidado, acesso à internet, energia elétrica e alfabetização digital. Como conclusão, corrobora-se com análises acerca da irreversibilidade do uso de tecnologias de informação e comunicação no mundo do trabalho, destacando-se a necessidade do seu uso racional dessas com a garantia do acesso de forma integral, universal e equitativa.
RESUMEN Este artículo tiene por objeto mapear la literatura sobre las aplicaciones y percepciones acerca del uso de tecnologías digitales en las prácticas de los trabajadores comunitarios de la salud. Se trata de una revisión del alcance realizada en PubMed, Bireme, SciELO, Web of Science, Embase y Scopus. Se han incluido 63 artículos sobre el uso de tecnologías digitales por parte de estos trabajadores en 24 países. Como resultado, se ha identificado que el apoyo a la salud maternoinfantil es la condición con mayor predominio de las prácticas. Los beneficios identificados implican la ampliación del acceso, mejora de la gestión del trabajo, calificación, diversificación, ampliación de la formación y aumento de la legitimidad de la categoría. Los desafíos se traducen en limitaciones en relación con el vínculo con la comunidad, la longitudinalidad de la atención, el acceso a Internet, la energía eléctrica y la alfabetización digital. En conclusión, se corrobora con análisis sobre la irreversibilidad del uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en el mundo del trabajo, y se destaca la necesidad de su uso racional con la garantía del acceso de manera integral, universal y equitativa.
ABSTRACT This article aims to map the literature on the applications and perceptions regarding the use of digital technologies in the practices of community health workers. This is a scoping review conducted on PubMed, Bireme, SciELO, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus. A total of 63 articles reporting the use of digital technologies by these workers in 24 countries were included. As a result, it was identified that support for maternal and child health is the most prevalent condition in these practices. The identified benefits involve increased access, improved work management, qualification, diversification, expanded training, and increased legitimacy of the profession. The challenges are reflected in limitations regarding community engagement, continuity of care, internet access, electricity, and digital literacy. In conclusion, it supports analyses regarding the irreversibility of the use of information and communication technologies in the world of work, emphasizing the need for their rational use while ensuring comprehensive, universal, and equitable access.
Subject(s)
Community Health WorkersABSTRACT
Background: Initiating newly diagnosed people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) onto antiretroviral treatment (ART) and retaining patients on treatment are vital to South Africa's ART programme. In 2020, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its accompanying containment (lockdown) measures presented unprecedented challenges to achieving these objectives. Aim: This study describes the impact of COVID-19 and related restrictions on district-level numbers of newly diagnosed people living with HIV and defaulting ART patients. Setting: Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM) in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. Methods: Mixed-methods approach: Monthly aggregated electronic patient data (newly initiated and restarted on ART) from 113 public healthcare (PHC) facilities were analysed (December 2019 to November 2020) across varying levels of COVID-19 lockdown regulation periods; telephonic in-depth interviews at 10 rural BCMM PHC facilities were conducted with facility staff, community health workers (CHWs) and intervention personnel. Results: The number of newly initiated ART patients decreased dramatically compared with pre-COVID-19 levels. The overall number of restarted ART patients increased in response to fears of co-infection with COVID-19. Facility-level communications and community outreach promoting HIV testing and treatment were disrupted. Novel approaches to providing services to ART patients were developed. Conclusion: Programmes for identifying undiagnosed people living with HIV and services aimed at retaining ART patients in care were profoundly impacted by COVID-19. The value of CHWs was highlighted, as were communication innovations. Contribution: This study describes the impact of COVID-19 and related regulations on HIV testing, ART initiation and adherence to treatment in a District of the Eastern Cape of South Africa.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Therapeutics , HIV Infections , Community Health Workers , Coinfection , COVID-19 , Delivery of Health Care , DiagnosisABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The Health Extension Program (HEP) was introduced in 2003 to extend primary health care services by institutionalizing the former volunteer-based village health services.However, this program is not comprehensively evaluated.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 2019 comprehensive national assessment of HEP involved (1) assessment through quantitative and qualitative primary data, (2) a thorough systematic review of the HEP literature, and (3) a synthesis of evidence from the two sources. The assessment included household survey(n=7122), a survey of health extension workers (HEWs) (n=584)_, and an assessment of health posts (HPs)(n=343) and their supervising health centers (HCs)(n=179)from 62 randomly selected woredas. As part of the comprehensive assessment.OUTPUT AND RESULTS: The outputs were (a) full and abridged reports, (b) 40 posters, (c) seven published, three under review scientific papers and (d) seven papers in this special issue. During the one-year period preceding the study, 54.8% of women, 32.1% of men, and 21.9% of female youths had at least a one-time interaction with HEWs. HPs and HEWs were universally available. There were critical gaps in the skills and motivation of HEWs and fulfillment of HP standards: 57.3% of HEWs were certified, average satisfaction score of HEWs was 48.6%, and 5.4% of HPs fulfilled equipment standards. CONCLUSIONS: The findings informed policy and program decisions of the Ministry of Health, including the design of the HEP Optimization Roadmap 20202035 and the development Health Sector Transformation Plan II. It is also shared with global community through published papers
Subject(s)
Health Services Coverage , Community Health Workers , Primary Health Care , Clinical ProtocolsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Training and work experience are critical inputs for delivering quality health services. However, no nationwide assessment has been conducted on the status of training and the competency of Health Extension Workers (HEWs). Therefore, this study aimed to assess HEWs' pre service training status and perceived competency in Ethiopia. METHODS: The study was conducted in all regions and all HEWs training institutions in Ethiopia. We used cross sectional study design with a mixed method approach that included 585 HEWs, 1,245 HEW trainees, 192 instructors, and 43 key informants. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used to analyse quantitative and quantitative data respectively. RESULT: Twenty-six percent of the HEWs said that they were competent to deliver all the HEP activities, and 73% of the HEWs said that they could confidently deliver 75% of the HEP activities. Receiving in-service training and having level III/IV qualifications are positively associated with the competency of HEWs. Similarly, HEP trainees perceived themselves as highly competent in executing their professional work, except in using computer and mobile health technology. Both instructors and trainees rated the quality of the curriculum and course materials positively. However, basic services and facilities in most training institutions were perceived to be inadequate. Additionally, individual learning, problem-solving, case-analysis, and assessment methods such as project work and portfolios were rarely practiced. CONCLUSIONS: Although the perceived competence of HEW trainees is high, the HEWs' training is not provided as per the curriculum because of limited resources. All the necessary resources should be made available to produce competent HEWs
Subject(s)
Humans , Primary Health Care , Community Health Workers , Health Services Coverage , Developing CountriesABSTRACT
Introduction: Community Health Workers (CHW) are a critical resource for outbreak preparedness and response. However, CHWs´ ability to respond to outbreaks depends on their accurate knowledge of the disease and proper adoption of disease prevention practices. We explored knowledge and practices related to outbreaks in general, and COVID-19 among CHWs in Rwanda. Methods: this cross-sectional multimethod study used stratified simple random sampling to recruit three cadres of CHWs (agents de santé maternelle, female Binomes, and male Binomes ) from three rural Rwandan districts. We used telephone-based data collection to administer quantitative surveys (N=292) and qualitative interviews (N=24) in September 2020. We calculated descriptive statistics and conducted thematic analysis of qualitative data. We assessed for associations between general outbreak-related knowledge and receipt of training using Chi-square tests and between COVID-19 related knowledge and CHW characteristics and adoption of prevention methods using linear regression models. Results: only 56.2% of CHWs had received training on any health topic in 12 months prior to COVID-19 pandemic and only 19.2% had specifically received training on outbreak preparedness. Almost all CHWs reported preventing COVID-19 by wearing facemasks (98%), washing hands (95%), and social distancing in crowds (89%) with fewer reporting staying at home (50%), sneezing or coughing into an elbow (38%) or using hand sanitizer (18%). Almost all CHWs in our study knew that COVID-19 transmit through respiratory droplets (98%) and by infected surfaces (98%) and that asymptomatic spread is possible (91%). However, fewer than half of community health workers correctly affirmed that children were at low risk of becoming severely ill (48%) and only 32% correctly rejected the misconception that everyone with COVID-19 would become severely ill. There was no association between COVID-19-related knowledge and adoption of COVID-19 preventative practices. Qualitative findings suggested that while CHWs possessed lots of correct information about COVID-19 and reported good adherence to COVID-19 prevention practices, they also commonly held misconceptions that over-exaggerated the dangers of COVID-19. Conclusion: gaps in knowledge, training, and access to information point to a need for additional investment in supervision and credible informational systems to support CHWs.
Subject(s)
Linear Models , Community Health Workers , Knowledge , Hand Sanitizers , Physical Distancing , COVID-19 , Disease OutbreaksABSTRACT
Problem In 2021, Central African Republic was facing multiple challenges in vaccinating its population against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), including inadequate infrastructure and funding, a shortage of health workers and vaccine hesitancy among the population. Approach To increase COVID-19 vaccination coverage, the health ministry used three main approaches: (i) task shifting to train and equip existing community health workers (CHWs) to deliver COVID-19 vaccination; (ii) evidence gathering to understand people's reluctance to be vaccinated; and (iii) bundling of COVID-19 vaccination with the polio vaccination programme. Local setting Central African Republic is a fragile country with almost two thirds of its population in need of humanitarian assistance. Despite conducting two major COVID-19 vaccination campaigns, by January 2022 only 9% (503 000 people) of the 5 570 659 general population were fully vaccinated. Relevant changes In the 6 months from February to July 2022, Central African Republic tripled its coverage of COVID-19 vaccination to 29% (1 615 492 out of 5 570 659 people) by August 2022. The integrated polioCOVID-19 campaign enabled an additional 136 040 and 218 978 people to be vaccinated in the first and second rounds respectively, at no extra cost. Evidence obtained through surveys and focus group discussions enabled the health ministry to develop communication strategies to dispel vaccine hesitancy and misconceptions. Lessons learnt Task shifting COVID-19 vaccination to CHWs can be an efficient solution for rapid scaling-up of vaccination campaigns. Building trust with the community is also important for addressing complex health issues such as vaccine hesitancy. Collaborative efforts are necessary to provide access to COVID-19 vaccines for high-risk and vulnerable populations.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Community Health Workers , Vaccination Coverage , COVID-19 Vaccines , COVID-19 , Vaccination Hesitancy , Poliomyelitis , Immunization Programs , National Health ProgramsABSTRACT
No Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) os Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (ACS) estão em constante contato com o território em que atuam, pela sua função e papel de morador, resultando em consequências ambíguas no estabelecimento de suas ações. Assim, o presente estudo busca compreender o papel dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde, sua relação com o território, unidade e profissionais, e os processos de saúde e adoecimento no desempenho da função. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo no formato de pesquisa participante, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com 6 ACS, que também foram acompanhados em suas atividades diárias. A análise de conteúdo dos dados obtidos por diário de campo e entrevista possibilitou a identificação de 3 categorias: Papel dos ACS; Relação com a Equipe, e Saúde e Sofrimento dos ACS. O sofrimento dos ACS decorre da vigilância sobre seu trabalho, dificuldades no relacionamento interpessoal com a equipe, adversidades no território e sobrecarga de trabalho. Identifica-se que são profissionais muitas vezes subestimados e incompreendidos
In the Unified Health System, Community Health Agents (CHA) are in constant contact with the territory in which they operate, due to their role and role as residents, resulting in ambiguous consequences in the establishment of their actions. Thus, the present study seeks to understand the role of Community Health Agents, their relationship with the territory, unit and professionals, and the processes of health and illness in the performance of the function. This is a qualitative study in the form of participatory research, through a semi-structured interview with 6 CHA, who were also monitored in their daily activities. The content analysis of the data obtained by field diary and interview enabled the identification of 3 categories: Role of the CHA; Relationship with the Team, and Health and Suffering from the CHA. The CHA's suffering stems from surveillance over their work, difficulties in interpersonal relationships with the team, adversities in the territory and work overload. It is identified that they are professionals often underestimated and misunderstood.
Subject(s)
Unified Health System , Public Health , Community Health WorkersABSTRACT
Objetivo: analisar as mudanças no processo de trabalho do Agente Comunitário de Saúde, entre os anos de 2019 e 2020, em meio ao cenário da pandemia da COVID-19. Metodologia: caracteriza-se por um estudo documental, quantitativo, do tipo ecológico, de série temporal. Os dados foram coletados na base de dados do Sistema de Informação em Saúde para a Atenção Básica. As variáveis do estudo tratam-se de dados referentes às atividades do Agente Comunitário de Saúde quanto às atividades coletivas, visitas domiciliares e os indicadores de desempenho elencados pelo sistema. Os dados foram analisados no SPSS versão 24.0, por meio de um cálculo do percentual de variação (%V) entre os anos coletados. Logo após, foi realizado o Teste T de Student para verificar diferenças estatisticamente relevantes entre os anos avaliados (p<0,05). Resultados: quanto às atividades coletivas, houve redução significativa (p<0,001) de 51,1% entre os anos. As visitas domiciliares também apresentaram uma diminuição do percentual de variação (18,6%); já os indicadores de desempenho não demonstraram significativas mudanças. Conclusões: diante do estudado, as ações de prevenção e promoção da saúde foram as mais prejudicadas nesse cenário, sendo necessário um maior empenho do Poder Público para a melhoria desses indicadores.
Objective: to analyze the changes in the work process of the Community Health Agent, of the Family Health Strategy, between 2019 and 2020, amid the COVID-19 pandemic scenario. Methods: characterized by a documentary, quantitative, ecological study, with a time series. Data were collected from the database of the Health Information System for Primary Care. The study variables are data referring to the activities of the Community Health Agent regarding collective activities, home visits, and the performance indicators listed by the system. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24.0, by calculating the percentage of variation (%V) between the years collected. Soon after, the Student's T-test was performed to verify statistically relevant differences between the evaluated years (p<0.05). Results: regarding collective activities, there was a significant reduction (p<0.001) of 51.1% between the years. Home visits also showed a decrease in the percentage of variation (18.6%); performance indicators did not show significant changes. Conclusions:given the study, prevention, and health promotion actions were the most affected in this scenario, requiring greater efforts by the Government to improve these indicators.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Primary Health Care , Unified Health System , Community Health Workers , COVID-19 , Ecological Studies , Evaluation Studies as TopicABSTRACT
Este artigo é um relato de experiência que tem por objetivo apresentar as atividades e as experiências dos agentes comunitários de saúde (ACSs) decorrentes da realização da primeira fase de um estudo multicêntrico sobre prevenção e controle da Covid-19 em três Unidades de Saúde da Família de um município do estado da Bahia. A participação dos ACSs foi dividida em três etapas: I Convite e qualificação; II Coleta de dados; III Discussão sobre a pesquisa. Participaram 16 ACSs, destacando-se, nesse processo, a utilização das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TICs) e os impactos observados pelos ACSs no seu processo de trabalho ao participar da coleta e discussão dos dados da pesquisa. Observou-se a importância do desenvolvimento do estudo no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde como forma de qualificação do trabalho do ACS no uso das TICs e na vigilância em saúde no território bem como a importância da Prática Baseada em Evidências Científicas no trabalho em saúde.
This is an experience report that aims to present the activities and experiences of Community Health Agents (ACSs, in Portuguese) resulting from the first phase of a multicenter study on the Prevention and Control of Covid-19 in threeUnits of Family Health in a municipality in the state of Bahia. The participation of the ACSs was divided into three stages: I Invitation and qualification; II Data collection; III Research discussion. 16 ACSs participated and they emphasized the impacts of the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in their work process during the collection and discussion of research data. The importance of developing the study in the context of Primary Health Care was observed, as a way of qualifying the work of ACSs in the use of ICT and health surveillance in the territory, as well as the emphasis on Evidence-Based Practice in health practice.
Subject(s)
Community Health Workers , Primary Health Care , Family Health , Disease Prevention , COVID-19ABSTRACT
Objetivo: avaliar perfil sociodemográfico, medidas antropométricas e condições de saúde dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde de um município do Médio Norte de Mato Grosso. Método: estudo quantitativo, observacional do tipo descritivo, desenvolvido com 34 indivíduos, selecionados por conveniência. Dados coletados nos meses de fevereiro e março de 2020, com instrumento sociodemográfico, condições de saúde e medidas antropométricas. Análise das variáveis descritas por frequência absoluta e relativa. Resultados: os participantes dessa pesquisa eram predominantemente do sexo feminino, com idade variável entre 23 e 56 anos. A maioria possuía ensino superior completo concluído e tinha renda familiar menor ou igual a dois salários-mínimos. A avaliação antropométrica revelou que a 44% apresentavam Obesidade classe I, II ou III e 73,4% apresentavam risco elevado ou muito elevado para doenças cardiovasculares. Conclusões: a avaliação indica que o excesso de peso e a obesidade abdominal foram os principais acometimentos à saúde desses profissionais.(AU)
Objective: to evaluate the sociodemographic profile, anthropometric measures, and health conditions of Community Health Agents in a municipality in the Middle North of Mato Grosso. Method: this is a quantitative, observational, descriptive study, developed with 34 individuals, selected for convenience. Data collected in February and March 2020, with a sociodemographic instrument, health conditions and anthropometric measurements. Analysis of the variables described by absolute and relative frequency. Results: the participants in this research were predominantly female, aged between 23 and 61 years old. Most had completed high education and had a family income less than or equal to 2 minimum wages. Anthropometric assessment revealed that 44.1% had class I, II or III obesity and 76.5% had high or very high risk for cardiovascular disease. Conclusions: the evaluation indicates that overweight and abdominal obesity were the main health problems of these professionals.(AU)
Objetivo: evaluar el perfil sociodemográfico, medidas antropométricas y condiciones de salud de los Agentes Comunitarios de Salud en municipio del Medio Norte de Mato Grosso. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, observacional, descriptivo, desarrollado con 34 individuos, seleccionados por conveniencia. Datos recolectados en febrero y marzo de 2020, con instrumento sociodemográfico, condiciones de salud y medidas antropométricas. Análisis de las variables descritas por frecuencia absoluta y relativa. Resultados: los participantes de esta investigación fueron predominantemente mujeres, con edades comprendidas entre los 23 y los 61 años. La mayoría había completado la educación secundaria y tenía un ingreso familiar menor o igual a 2 salarios mínimos. La evaluación antropométrica reveló que el 44,1% tenía obesidad clase I, II o III y el 76,5% tenía alto o muy alto riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular. Conclusiones: la evaluación indica que el sobrepeso y la obesidad abdominal fueron los principales problemas de salud de estos profesionales.(AU)
Subject(s)
Health Care Levels , Nutritional Status , Community Health WorkersABSTRACT
Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os fatores associados à aderência em um Programa Comu-nitário de Atividade Física de uma capital do nordeste brasileiro. Trata-se de uma coorte retrospec-tiva, de base populacional. Foram analisados 2.616 registros de participantes, relacionando tempo de adesão à dezesseis covariáveis referente a dados sociodemográficos, estilo de vida, percepção de saúde e doenças referidas por diagnóstico clínico, entre 2004 e 2009. Foi utilizado estimador de sobrevida não-paramétrico Kaplan-Meier para caracterizar o grupo e estimar a aderência e o teste de logrank para comparar as categorias de cada covariável, utilizando p ≤ 0,20. Foram inseridas no modelo final de Cox àquelas que apresentaram valor de p ≤ 0,05, determinando a Razão de Chance (OR) da ade-rência com um intervalo de confiança de 95%. As análises foram realizadas no SPSS for Windows ® versão 22. Foi observado 97,4% casos de desistência e 2,6% de censura. Mantiveram chances de aderência "grupamento etário de 35-59 anos de idade" (OR = 1,839; IC95%: 1,625 2,083), "60 anos de idade ou mais" (OR = 1,197; IC95%: 1,080 1,325) e "estresse" (OR = 1,087; IC95%: 1,004 1,178). Apresentaram menores chances de aderência indivíduos que relataram lombalgia (OR = 0,887; IC95%: 0,810 0,972) e aqueles com renda entre um e três salários mínimos mensais (OR = 0,751; IC95%: 0,596 - 0,961). Assim, verifica-se baixa aderência nos primeiros meses de participação, em que adultos, idosos e participantes com estresse apresentam maiores chances de aderência, ao contrário dos lombálgicos e indivíduos menos abastados
This study aims to analyze the factors associated with adherence to a Community Physical Activity Program in a Brazilian northeastern capital. This is a retrospective, population-based cohort. We analyzed 2,616 participant records, relating adherence time to sixteen covariates related to sociodemographic data, life-style, health perception and diseases reported by clinical diagnosis, between 2004 and 2009. Kaplan-Meier non-parametric survival estimator was used to characterize the group and estimate adherence, and the logrank test was used to compare the categories of each covariate, using p ≤ 0.20. Those with a p value ≤ 0.05 were entered into the final Cox model, determining the odds ratio (OR) of adherence with a 95% confidence interval. The analyses were performed in SPSS for Windows ® version 22. 97.4% dropout cases and 2.6% censoring cases were observed. The odds of adherence were maintained for "age group 35-59 years" (OR = 1.839; 95%CI: 1.625 - 2.083), "60 years of age or older" (OR = 1.197; 95%CI: 1.080 - 1.325) and "stress" (OR = 1.087; 95%CI: 1.004 - 1.178). Individuals who reported low back pain (OR = 0.887; 95%CI: 0.810 - 0.972) and those with income between one and three minimum wages per month (OR = 0.751; 95%CI: 0.596 - 0.961) had lower odds of adherence. Thus, there is low adherence in the first months of participation, in which adults, the elderly, and participants with stress have a higher chance of adherence, unlike those with low back pain and less affluent individuals
Subject(s)
Epidemiologic Studies , Survival Analysis , Cohort Studies , Community Health WorkersABSTRACT
La cartilla, a través de fichas pedagógicas, te brinda información sobre los conceptos básicos de la salud respiratoria y todo lo que necesitas saber como agente comunitario para que realices la promoción de la salud a las personas afectadas con tuberculosis, a sus familias y la comunidad de su entorno inmediato
Subject(s)
Patient Escort Service , Respiration Disorders , Respiratory Tract Infections , Tuberculosis , Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant , Community Health Workers , Patient-Centered Care , Disease Prevention , Health PromotionABSTRACT
La publicación, cuyos contenidos se agrupan en cinco sesiones: sesión 1, "Prácticas y entornos para mantener la salud respiratoria"; sesión 2, "Conociendo la tuberculosis"; sesión 3, "Prevenimos la tuberculosis"; sesión 4, "Importancia de la adherencia al tratamiento de la tuberculosis"; sesión 5 "¡Nos preparamos para nuestras visitas domiciliarias!" en el caso de la modalidad presencial y "¡Nos preparamos para acompañar a la Persona Afectada por Tuberculosis - PAT y su familia!" en la modalidad virtual. Asimismo, se plantea desde el enfoque del aprendizaje de adultos, elaborado para la modalidad presencial y modalidad virtual, a partir de una metodología activa participativa. Las sesiones consideran diversas dinámicas, cuya aplicación es flexible por lo que pueden adaptarse de acuerdo a las características de cada grupo
Subject(s)
Patient Escort Service , Respiration Disorders , Respiratory Tract Infections , Tuberculosis , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Health Personnel , Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant , Community Health Workers , Patient-Centered Care , Health PromotionABSTRACT
O estudo objetiva identificar a percepção do significado do papel do agente comunitário de saúde na visão dos próprios agentes e dos profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Realizou-se pesquisa descritiva qualitativa, no município de Quixeré, Ceará - Brasil. Participaram desse estudo nove agentes de saúde e nove profissionais das equipes (três médicos, três enfermeiros e três odontólogos). Para a coleta de dados foi utilizada a técnica grupo focal e teve como método de análise o discurso o sujeito coletivo. Os resultados demostraram discursos baseados no papel do agente comunitário com o significado de doação, abnegação e vínculo. A construção de vínculos aparece nas dimensões da comunidade e da equipe de saúde, com satisfação e também com sofrimento, uma vez que o agente não se considera preparado para a escuta qualificada das demandas, demonstrando lacunas existentes em sua formação e a necessidade de interprofissionalidade. O vínculo foi fortemente enaltecido, sendo esse um princípio inerente ao trabalho do agente, que, para além da empatia com os usuários, necessitam de uma formação que balize o seu processo de trabalho, trazendo respostas concretas que os subsidiem em suas condutas junto à comunidade, ressignificando o papel da categoria e valorizando suas práticas. Apesar da produção científica relevante no país em relação a essa temática, esses sentidos merecem uma investigação mais aprofundada, como forma de legitimar práticas e reconhecer seu papel na comunidade e nos serviços de saúde.
El estudio tiene como objetivo identificar la percepción del significado del rol del agente comunitario de salud en la mirada de los agentes y profesionales de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia. Se realizó una investigación descriptiva cualitativa en el municipio de Quixeré, Ceará - Brasil. En este estudio participaron nueve agentes de salud y nueve profesionales del equipo (tres médicos, tres enfermeras y tres dentistas). Para la recolección de datos se utilizó la técnica de grupos focales y el sujeto colectivo como método de análisis. Los resultados mostraron discursos basados en el rol del agente comunitario con el significado de donación, abnegación y vinculación. La construcción de vínculos aparece en las dimensiones de la comunidad y del equipo de salud, con satisfacción y también con sufrimiento, ya que el agente no se considera preparado para la escucha calificada de las demandas, demostrando vacíos en su formación y la necesidad de interprofesionalidad. El vínculo fue muy elogiado, siendo este un principio inherente al trabajo del agente, quien además de la empatía con los usuarios, necesita una formación que oriente su proceso de trabajo, aportando respuestas concretas que los apoyen en su conducta con la comunidad. un nuevo significado al papel de la categoría y la valoración de sus prácticas. A pesar de la relevante producción científica en el país en relación a este tema, estos significados merecen una mayor investigación, como una forma de legitimar las prácticas y reconocer su rol en la comunidad y en los servicios de salud.
The study aims to identify the perception of the meaning of the role of the community health agent in the view of the agents and professionals of the Family Health Strategy. Qualitative descriptive research was carried out in the municipality of Quixeré, Ceará - Brazil. Nine health agents and nine team professionals participated in this study (three doctors, three nurses and three dentists). For data collection, the focus group technique was used and the collective subject was used as the method of analysis. The results showed speeches based on the role of the community agent with the meaning of donation, abnegation and bonding. The construction of bonds appears in the dimensions of the community and the health team, with satisfaction and also with suffering, since the agent does not consider himself prepared for the qualified listening of the demands, demonstrating gaps in his training and the need for interprofessionality. The bond was highly praised, this being a principle inherent in the work of the agent, who, in addition to empathy with users, need training that guides their work process, bringing concrete answers that support them in their conduct with the community. , giving a new meaning to the role of the category and valuing its practices. Despite the relevant scientific production in the country in relation to this theme, these meanings deserve further investigation, as a way of legitimizing practices and recognizing their role in the community and in health services.
Subject(s)
Humans , Brazil , Community Health Workers , Community-Institutional Relations , Professional RoleABSTRACT
Raising awareness and knowledge of glaucoma is a key means of enhancing people alertness, increasing regular eye screening practice, and the chance of identifying undetected cases. Health professionals other than ophthalmologists are often the first point of contact when patients seek medical advice. However, little is known about the awareness and knowledge of glaucoma among health care professionals in Ethiopia.The objective of this study was to determine general awareness and knowledge of glaucoma among health workers in Butajira General Hospital. METHODS: Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Butajira Hospital in September and October 2021 among health care providers. All health workers except those on leave and the staff in the department of Ophthalmology were included in the study. The awareness and knowledge were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was computed to describe the study variable, and logistic regression was conducted to see associations between dependent and independent variables. Significant associations were declared at p-values <0.05. RESULT: This study showed that 184 (91.1%) had an awareness of glaucoma among the study participants, whereas 8.9% had never heard about glaucoma. Of those who were aware, only 42% have good knowledge. Professionals who had a history of eye examinations and family history of glaucoma were about 3.0 times more likely to have good knowledge. CONCLUSION: Fifty-eight percent of clinical professionals from Butajira Hospital had no awareness at all or had poor knowledge about glaucoma. Being a physician, history of eye examinations, and having a family history of glaucoma were factors related to glaucoma knowledge