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1.
Braz. J. Pharm. Sci. (Online) ; 58: e20985, 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1420466

ABSTRACT

Abstract Diabetes is a self-managed condition with knowledge, attitudes and practices that can influence the overall treatment and outcomes delay the complications of diabetes. However, the few reported studies published point out that: low education level, poor adherence to pharmacotherapy and diet recommendations, infrequent monitoring of blood glucose, and insulin dosage regimen are associated with higher hemoglobin levels. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, adherence medication, and complexity of pharmacotherapy in T1DM patients in Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 156 T1DM patients who were attending in primary care. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the variables associated with glycemic control. The overall assessments of T1DM patients for the glycemic control were bad (121, 77.6%). However, T1DM patients with high MedTake Test (OR=2.4, CI=1.1-5.7) and Morisky-Green Test (OR= 2.5, CI=1.1-6.1), and in the use of dosage insulin (>40 units, OR=0.3, CI=0.1-0.7) and postprandial glucose (100-125mg/dl, OR=3.8, CI=1.1-14.6) had better glycemic control compared to uncontrolled patients. Glycemic control in Brazilians adults with T1DM is low. We suggested the screening patients with low MedTake and Morisky-Green Tests, increasing patient knowledge as part of a complex intervention that may lead to substantially improved treatment outcomes in primary care


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Patients/classification , Primary Health Care/classification , Brazil/ethnology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology , Glycemic Control/adverse effects , Health Centers , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods
2.
Rev. Hosp. Ital. B. Aires (2004) ; 40(3): 95-104, sept. 2020. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1128985

ABSTRACT

La relación entre inmunidad y cáncer es compleja. Las células tumorales desarrollan mecanismos de evasión a las respuestas del sistema inmunitario. Esta capacidad permite su supervivencia y crecimiento. La inmunoterapia ha transformado el tratamiento oncológico mejorando la respuesta inmunitaria contra la célula tumoral. Esta se basa en el bloqueo de los puntos de control inmunitario mediante anticuerpos monoclonales contra la molécula inhibidora CTLA-4 (antígeno 4 del linfocito T citotóxico [CTLA-4]) y la proteína 1 de muerte celular programada y su ligando (PD-1/PD-L1). Aunque los inhibidores de los puntos de control inmunitario (ICIs) son fármacos bien tolerados, tienen un perfil de efectos adversos conocido como eventos adversos inmunorrelacionados (EAI). Estos afectan varios sistemas, incluyendo las glándulas endocrinas. Los eventos adversos endocrinos más frecuentes son la disfunción tiroidea, la insuficiencia hipofisaria, la diabetes mellitus autoinmune y la insuficiencia suprarrenal primaria. El creciente conocimiento de estos efectos adversos endocrinos ha llevado a estrategias de tratamiento efectivo con el reemplazo hormonal correspondiente. El objetivo de esta revisión es reconocer la incidencia de estas nuevas endocrinopatías, la fisiopatología, su valoración clínica y el manejo terapéutico. (AU)


The relationship between immunity and cancer is complex. Tumor cells develop evasion mechanisms to the immune system responses. This ability allows their survival and progression. Immunotherapy has transformed cancer treatment by improving the immune response against tumor cells. This is achieved by blocking immune checkpoints with monoclonal antibodies against cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein 1 and its ligand (PD-1 / PD-L1). Although the immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are well tolerated drugs, they have a profile of adverse effects known as immune-related adverse events (irAES). These involve diverse systems, including the endocrine glands. The most frequent endocrine immune-related adverse events are thyroid and pituitary dysfunction, autoimmune diabetes mellitus and primary adrenal insufficiency. The increasing knowledge of these irAES has led to effective treatment strategies with the corresponding hormonal replacement. The objective of this review is to recognize the incidence of these new endocrinopathies, the physiopathology, their clinical evaluation, and therapeutic management. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Endocrine System Diseases/chemically induced , Immunotherapy/adverse effects , Thyroid Diseases/diagnosis , Thyroid Diseases/chemically induced , Thyroid Diseases/pathology , Thyroid Diseases/therapy , Thyroxine/administration & dosage , Triiodothyronine/therapeutic use , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/administration & dosage , Adrenal Insufficiency/diagnosis , Adrenal Insufficiency/chemically induced , Adrenal Insufficiency/pathology , Adrenal Insufficiency/therapy , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diagnosis , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/chemically induced , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/therapy , Endocrine System Diseases/diagnosis , Endocrine System Diseases/physiopathology , Endocrine System Diseases/therapy , Hypophysitis/diagnosis , Hypophysitis/chemically induced , Hypophysitis/pathology , Hypophysitis/therapy , Glucocorticoids/administration & dosage , Insulin/therapeutic use , Methimazole/therapeutic use , Mineralocorticoids/therapeutic use , Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use , Neoplasms/immunology
3.
São Paulo; s.n; s.n; 2018. 100 p. graf, tab, ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-999242

ABSTRACT

O diabetes mellitus tipo 1 é uma doença metabólica, caracterizada pela desregulação glicêmica, que ocorre devido a um ataque autoimune. A insulinoterapia é o tratamento clássico para o DM1. Contudo, alguns pacientes que apresentam essa doença não respondem de forma eficiente a este tratamento e apresentam episódios frequentes de hipoglicemia severa e despercebida (pacientes hiperlábeis). Essas complicações comprometem de forma significativa a qualidade de vida dessas pessoas. O transplante de ilhotas é uma importante alternativa para o tratamento de pacientes hiperlábeis com DM1. No entanto, essa terapia apresenta restrições como a necessidade de mais de um doador por transplante e significativa morte das ilhotas devido ao estresse provocado pelo procedimento de isolamento, além da morte promovida pelo sistema imune do paciente nos primeiros momentos pós-transplante. A autofagia é um mecanismo de reciclagem de componentes citoplasmáticos que é fundamental para a homeostase celular. Em condições de estresse, este mecanismo é ativado acima do seu nível basal, promovendo a degradação de agregados proteicos e organelas defeituosas, evitando assim, danos celulares que comprometam a viabilidade da célula. Trabalhos realizados por nosso grupo têm mostrado a citoproteção que PRL promove em células-beta, reduzindo a apoptose induzida por citocinas pró-inflamatórias. Também demonstramos o papel essencial de HSPB1 na inibição de apoptose induzida por PRL após o tratamento com citocinas. Além disso, resultados recentes de nosso laboratório mostraram um aumento nos níveis de autofagia em células-beta após sua exposição a citocinas, bem como uma restauração a níveis normais na presença de PRL. Visando um melhor entendimento do papel da PRL na modulação da autofagia em células-beta, o objetivo desse projeto foi estudar se HSPB1 também é essencial no mecanismo de regulação da autofagia induzido por PRL.Para tal, fizemos experimentos em modelos de células-beta MIN6, MIN6 silenciadas para HSPB1 (MIN6-shHSPB1) e MIN6 com sequencia short hairpin aleatória (MIN6- SsC), medindo a morte celular através de ensaios de viabilidade, e ensaios de western blot para avaliar os níveis de marcadores de autofagia e fluxo autofágico (degradação de autofagossomos), tratando as células com citocinas, prolactina e indutores ou inibidores de autofagia. Os resultados mostraram que a modulação da autofagia ocasionada pela prolactina em células-beta se dá, em parte, através de HSPB1. O tratamento com prolactina foi capaz de inibir a morte celular induzida por citocinas, mesmo na presença de cloroquina, um bloqueador de autofagia, o que nos levou a concluir que a autofagia não é uma via envolvida na citoproteção de células beta induzida por PRL. Os resultados gerados nesse estudo contribuíram para uma melhor compreensão dos eventos moleculares induzidos por PRL em células-beta, e poderão permitir a inferência de novas abordagens que melhorem a citoproteção, cultura e transplante dessas células em pacientes com diabetes tipo 1


Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by glycemic dysregulation, which occurs due to an autoimmune destruction of beta-cells. Insulin therapy is the gold standard treatment for DM1. However, some DM1 patients do not respond efficiently to this treatment and suffer frequent episodes of severe hypoglycemia unawareness. Since this complication jeopardizes the quality of life of these people, Islet transplantation is a therapeutic alternative indicated to treat these patients. However, besides the lack of enough organ donors, the loss of beta cells during both the isolation as well as the infusion of islets into the recipient induce a great estresse and thus a significant cell death is one of the drawbacks of this procedure. Autophagy is a mechanism of recycling cytoplasmic components and is essential for cellular homeostasis. Under estresse conditions, this mechanism is activated above basal levels, promoting the degradation of protein aggregates and defective organelles, thus avoiding cell damage that could compromise cell viability. Studies carried out by our group have shown not only that PRL promotes cytoprotection in beta-cells, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines-induced apoptosis, but also that HSPB1 plays an essential role in this inhibition of apoptosis mediated by PRL after treatment with cytokines. Moreover, recent results from our laboratory showed an increase in autophagy levels in beta-cells after exposure to cytokines, as well as a restauration to normal levels in the presence of PRL. In order to better understand the role of PRL in the modulation of autophagy in these cells, the aim of this project is to study whether HSPB1 is also essential in the mechanism of autophagy regulation induced by PRL. Using MIN6 beta cell models where HSPB1 was silenced (MIN6-shHSPB1) or not (MIN6-SsC), we studied cell death by viability assays. Moreover, western blot assays were performed in order to assess levels of autophagy and autophagic flux markers in the cells.Our results showed that HSPB1 in one of the mediators of PRL-induced modulation of autophagy. Nevertheless, since hormonal treatment was still able to inhibit cytokinesinduced cell death even in the presence of chloroquin, an autophagy blocker, we conclude that autophagy is not a signaling pathway involved in PRl-induced beta-cell cytoprotection. Altogether, the results shown in this study may help to increase the knowledge of the molecular events induced by PRL in beta-cells, and may allow to infer new approaches to improve cytoprotection, culture and transplantation of these cells into type 1 diabetic patients


Subject(s)
Autophagy/physiology , HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins/analysis , Prolactin/administration & dosage , Cytokines/administration & dosage , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology
4.
Braspen J ; 32(4): 308-314, out-dez.2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-906698

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O diabetes tipo 1 é uma doença crônica, caracterizada pela destruição das células beta pancreáticas que leva a uma deficiência de insulina. É a segunda doença crônica mais frequente da infância e sua incidência vem aumentando nas últimas décadas. O processo aterosclerótico é uma das complicações da doença, inicia-se na infância e sua extensão relaciona-se com o número e a gravidade dos fatores de risco cardiovascular encontrados. Objetivos: Investigar a influência do padrão da ingesta alimentar e do nível de exercício físico realizado por crianças e adolescentes portadores de diabetes mellitus tipo 1 com o risco cardiometabólico. Método: Estudo transversal de caráter descritivo, com crianças e adolescentes, idades entre 9 e 17 anos, portadores de diabetes mellitus tipo 1. Foram avaliados parâmetros antropométricos (peso corporal, altura, circunferência da cintura (CC), cálculos de índice de massa corporal (IMC), escore Z (E/I) e (IMC/I), aferição da pressão arterial, exames bioquímicos e determinação do estágio puberal, além de questionário para avaliação do nível de atividade física e um diário alimentar de 3 dias. Após dados obtidos, foi realizado a classificação dos pacientes, quanto portadores ou não de síndrome metabólica (SM). Resultados: A amostra compreendeu 31 pacientes (14 masculino e 17 feminino). Destes, 8 crianças e adolescentes apresentavam mais de 3 fatores de risco, sendo classificados como portadores de SM. O consumo alimentar foi considerado inadequado conforme o preconizado, em 90,32% dos avaliados. O consumo de calorias (p=0,039), proteínas (p=0,001) e colesterol (p=0,009) foi significativamente maior no sexo masculino. Tanto o grupo portador de SM como o sem SM apresentaram alimentação inadequada e sedentarismo instalado. Conclusão: Crianças e adolescentes com diabetes tipo 1 tendem a apresentar uma elevação no risco cardiovascular, devido aos fatores de risco presentes com frequência. Não se pode relacionar com a qualidade da alimentação e nível de atividade física.(AU)


Introduction: Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disease, characterized by the destruction of pancreatic beta cells that lead to insulin deficiency. It is the second most frequent chronic disease of childhood, and its incidence has been increasing in the last decades. The atherosclerotic process is one of the complications of the disease, which begins in childhood and its extension is related to the number and severity of the cardiovascular risk factors found. Objective: To investigate the influence of the dietary intake pattern and the level of physical exercise performed by children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus with cardiometabolic risk. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study with children and adolescents, ages 9 to 17 years, with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The study also evaluated anthropometric parameters (body weight, height, waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), Z score (E / I) and (BMI / I), blood pressure measurement, biochemical tests and determination of the pubertal stage, and included a questionnaire to assess the level of physical activity and a food diary of 3 days. After the data were obtained, the classification of patients, whether or not with metabolic syndrome (MS), was performed. Results: The sample consisted of 31 patients (14 male and 17 female). Of these, 8 children and adolescents had more than 3 risk factors, being classified as having MS. Food intake was considered inadequate according to what was recommended in 90.32% of the patients evaluated. Calorie consumption (p=0.039), protein (p=0.001) and cholesterol (p=0.009) were significantly higher in males. Both the SM and non-SM groups presented inadequate diet and sedentary lifestyle. Conclusion: Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes frequently tend to present an elevation in cardiovascular risk due to present risk factors. It can not be related to the quality of the diet and level of physical activity.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Eating , Metabolic Syndrome , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology , Motor Activity , Anthropometry/instrumentation , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies
5.
Braz. dent. j ; 28(5): 552-558, Sept.-Oct. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-888682

ABSTRACT

Abstract In this study we analyzed the mandibular cortical bone of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and non-diabetic. Fifty patients with T1DM and 100 non-diabetic ones paired by age and gender were analyzed. Two double-blinded observers evaluated 150 digital panoramic images of both groups. The mandibular cortical bone was analyzed using the Mandibular Cortical Index (MCI), Mental Index (MI), Gonial Index (GI), Antegonial Index (AI) and Upper and Lower Panoramic Mandibular Indexes (UPMI and LPMI), with the aid of RADIOIMP® software. Influence of T1DM in the morphology of the mandibular cortical bone was studied based on obtaining data related to T1DM diagnosis time, blood glucose level, T1DM control and the presence of chronic complications. Collected data were submitted to descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential analyzes (Pearson's chi-squared test and Fisher's exact test) (p≤0.05). According to the MCI, individuals with T1DM had higher frequencies of mandibular cortical alterations, in both sexes and all age groups (p<0.01). For quantitative indexes, MI, GI, AI, UPMI and LPMI, female patients showed statistically significant differences for GI and AI, while male patients had statistically significant differences for all indexes (p<0.05), presenting the individuals with TDM1 inferior measures. Individuals with poor T1DM control showed significantly higher frequency of mandibular cortical alteration (92.3%), with lower means for MI, GI, AI and LPMI (p≤0.05). In conclusion, patients with T1DM showed decrease in the mandibular cortical bone when compared to non-diabetic ones, indicating that poor disease control is associated with these alterations.


Resumo Neste estudo, nós analisamos a cortical óssea mandibular de pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) e não diabéticos. Foram analisados ​​50 pacientes com DM1 e 100 não diabéticos, pareados por idade e sexo. Dois observadores com duplo-mascaramento avaliaram 150 imagens panorâmicas digitais de ambos os grupos. A cortical óssea mandibular foi analisada por meio do Índice Cortical Mandibular (ICM), Índice Mental (IM), Índice Goníaco (IG), Índice Antegoníaco (IA) e os Índices Panorâmicos Mandibulares Superior (IPMS) e Inferior (IPMI), com o auxílio do software RADIOIMP®. A influência do DM1 na morfologia da cortical óssea mandibular foi analisada com base na obtenção de dados relacionados ao tempo de diagnóstico do DM1, nível de glicemia, controle do DM1 e presença de complicações crônicas. Os dados coletados foram submetidos a análises descritivas (média e desvio-padrão) e inferenciais (teste de Qui-quadrado de Pearson e teste exato de Fisher) (p ≤0,05). De acordo com o ICM, indivíduos com DM1 apresentaram maiores frequências de alterações corticais mandibulares, em ambos os sexos e todas faixas etárias (p <0,01). Para os índices quantitativos, IM, IG, IA, IPMS e IPMI, pacientes do sexo feminino apresentaram diferença estatisticamente significativa para os IG e IA, enquanto os pacientes do sexo masculino mostraram diferenças estatisticamente significativas para todos os índices (p <0,05), tendo os indivíduos com DM1 medidas inferiores. Indivíduos com controle ruim do DM1 apresentaram frequência de alteração na cortical mandibular significativamente maior (92,3%), com menores médias para o IM, IG, IA e IPMI (p ≤0,05). Em conclusão, pacientes com DM1 apresentaram diminuição na cortical óssea mandibular quando comparados aos não diabéticos, indicando que o controle ruim da doença está associado a essas alterações.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology , Mandible/pathology , Absorptiometry, Photon , Bone Density , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/blood , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , Double-Blind Method , Mandible/diagnostic imaging , Radiography, Dental
6.
Nutrire Rev. Soc. Bras. Aliment. Nutr ; 39(2): 252-264, ago. 2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-726001

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar na literatura a associa��o do Diabetes Mellitus com os transtornos alimentares, bem como a influ�ncia desses transtornos sobre o controle metab�lico de pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus. Realizaram-se consultas aos bancos de dados Biblioteca Regional de Medicina ? Centro Latino-Americano e do Caribe de Informa��o em Ci�ncias da Sa�de; National Library of Medicine, Estados Unidos, e Scientific Electronic Library Online, publicados on-line entre 1992 e 2013, bem como trabalhos acad�micos e livros-texto. A maioria dos estudos revelou que a omiss�o/redu��o de insulina e o transtorno alimentar no Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1 estiveram relacionados ao deficiente controle metab�lico, enquanto que a compuls�o alimentar no Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (com sobrepeso ou obesidade) parece ter rela��o com preju�zo na sa�de f�sica. H� v�rios relatos de que o Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 associado ao transtorno da compuls�o alimentar peri�dica n�o influencia os resultados da Hemoglobina A Glicosilada. Al�m disso, h� evid�ncias de maior incid�ncia de depress�o entre os pacientes diab�ticos, fato que parece estar vinculado a altera��es no curso cl�nico da doen�a. Deve-se investigar a presen�a de comorbidades, como o transtorno alimentar no paciente com Diabetes Mellitus, visto que, juntos, os dist�rbios representam um problema no tratamento deste grupo de pacientes, tornando necess�rio um olhar atento na preserva��o do controle metab�lico adequado e na manuten��o da qualidade de vida dos pacientes.


The aim of this study was to review in the literature the association between diabetes and eating disorders, as well as the influence of this disorders on the metabolic control of patients with diabetes mellitus. There were queries to Regional Library of Medicine - The Latin American and Caribbean Center of information on Health Sciences, National Library of Medicine, United States and Scientific Electronic Library Online databases published on-line between 1992 and 2013 as well as theses and textbooks. Most studies have showed that the omission / reduction of insulin and eating disorders in type 1 diabetes were related to poor metabolic control, while binge eating in type 2 diabetes (with overweight or obesity) appears to be related to impaired physical health. There are several reports in which the type 2 diabetes associated with binge eating disorder have no influence on the results of Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated. Moreover, there is evidence of higher incidence of depression among diabetic patients, a fact that seems to be linked to changes in the clinical course of disease. The presence of comorbidities should be investigated such as eating disorders in Diabetes Mellitus patient, because together, disorders represent a problem in treating this group of patients, requiring a close eye on the preservation of adequate metabolic control and maintenance of quality of life of patients.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology , Feeding and Eating Disorders/classification , Bulimia/pathology , Depression/classification , Glycated Hemoglobin
8.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 56(5): 331-335, jul. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-646322

ABSTRACT

A 19-year-old female with type 1 diabetes for four years, and a 73-year-old female with type 2 diabetes for twenty years developed sudden-onset nephrotic syndrome. Examination by light microscopy, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy (in one case) identified minimal change disease (MCD) in both cases. There was a potential causative drug (meloxicam) for the 73-year-old patient. Both patients were treated with prednisone and responded with complete remission. The patient with type 1 diabetes showed complete remission without relapse, and the patient with type 2 diabetes had two relapses; complete remission was sustained after associated treatment with cyclophosphamide and prednisone. Both patients had two years of follow-up evaluation after remission. We discuss the outcomes of both patients and emphasize the role of kidney biopsy in diabetic patients with an atypical proteinuric clinical course, because patients with MCD clearly respond to corticotherapy alone or in conjunction with other immunosuppressive agents.


Uma paciente de 19 anos de idade com diabetes tipo 1 durante quatro anos e uma paciente de 73 anos de idade com diabetes tipo 2 durante vinte anos desenvolveram quadro súbito de síndrome nefrótica. O exame histológico à microscopia de luz, imunofluorescência e microscopia eletrônica (em um caso) diagnosticou glomerulopatia de lesões mínimas (GLM) em ambos os casos. Na paciente de 73 anos de idade, houve uma associação com o uso de meloxicam. As duas pacientes foram tratadas com corticosteroides e responderam com remissão completa do quadro. A paciente de 19 anos com diabetes tipo 1 apresentou remissão completa sem recidivas, e a paciente de 73 anos com diabetes tipo 2 apresentou dois episódios de recidiva; a remissão completa foi conseguida após associação ao tratamento com ciclofosfamida. As duas pacientes foram seguidas dois anos após a remissão completa. Os casos descritos enfatizam o papel da biópsia renal em pacientes diabéticos com evolução atípica do aparecimento de proteinúria, pois pacientes com GLM respondem bem à corticoterapia como único tratamento ou associado a outro agente imunossupressor.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Young Adult , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , /complications , Nephrosis, Lipoid/etiology , Nephrotic Syndrome/etiology , Nephrotic Syndrome/pathology , Biopsy , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology , /drug therapy , /pathology , Kidney/pathology , Microscopy, Electron , Nephrosis, Lipoid/drug therapy , Nephrosis, Lipoid/pathology , Steroids/therapeutic use
9.
São Paulo med. j ; 130(1): 53-56, 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-614939

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Ellis-van Creveld (EVC) syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by disproportionate short stature, narrow thorax, postaxial polydactyly, nail and tooth abnormalities and congenital heart disease. CASE REPORT: The patient was a 22-year-old Caucasian man, the third child of consanguineous parents. He received the diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DM) at 16 years of age, and around one year later, he underwent surgery to correct a partial atrioventricular septal defect. Upon physical examination, at 22 years of age, he presented stature of 145.5 cm (P3), weight of 49 kg (P3), head circumference of 54 cm (P2-50), high palate, absence of one of the lower lateral incisor teeth, narrow shoulders, narrowing of the upper thorax, scoliosis, rhizomelic shortening of the upper limbs, brachydactyly, postaxial polydactyly and clinodactyly of the second and third fingers. The lower limbs showed rhizomelic shortening with significant genu valgum (knock-knee deformity), small feet with postaxial polydactyly, syndactyly between the second and third toes and hallux valgus. Multiple melanocytic nevi were evident on the face, thorax and limbs. At that time, he was using neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin, with poorly controlled DM. The clinical findings presented led to the diagnosis of EVC syndrome. Only one case of this syndrome has been described with DM so far. Attention is drawn to the fact that the genes associated with this syndrome are located close to those of the Wolfram syndrome, a condition that leads to early-onset diabetes.


CONTEXTO: A síndrome de Ellis-van Creveld (EVC) é uma doença autossômica recessiva rara, caracterizada por baixa estatura desproporcionada, tórax estreito, polidactilia pós-axial, anormalidades em unhas e dentes e cardiopatia congênita. RELATO DO CASO: O paciente é um rapaz caucasiano de 22 anos, o terceiro filho de pais consanguíneos. Recebeu diagnóstico de diabetes melito (DM) insulino-dependente aos 16 anos, sendo que, cerca de um ano depois, foi submetido a cirurgia cardíaca de correção de defeito de septo atrioventricular parcial. Ao exame físico, aos 22 anos, ele apresentava estatura de 145,5 cm (P3), peso de 49 kg (P3), perímetro cefálico de 54 cm (P2-50), palato alto, ausência de um dos dentes incisivos inferiores laterais, ombros estreitos, estreitamento do tórax superior, escoliose, encurtamento rizomélico dos membros superiores, braquidactilia, polidactilia pós-axial e clinodactilia dos segundo e terceiro dedos. Nos membros inferiores, observava-se encurtamento rizomélico com importante geno valgo (deformidade dos joelhos-batidos), pés pequenos com polidactlia pós-axial, sindactilia entre segundo e terceiro dedos, e háluces valgos. Múltiplos nevos melanocíticos eram evidentes na face, tórax e membros. Neste momento ele está em uso de insulina NPH (neutral protamine Hagedorn), com um controle inadequado do DM. Seus achados clínicos levaram ao diagnóstico de síndrome de EVC. Apenas um caso desta síndrome foi descrito com DM até o momento, sendo que chama a atenção o fato de que os genes associados à síndrome se localizam próximo ao da síndrome de Wolfram, uma condição que cursa com diabetes de início precoce.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Young Adult , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome/complications , Consanguinity , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology , Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome/genetics , Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome/pathology , Pedigree
10.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 97(4): 346-349, out. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-606430

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTO: Em pacientes com diabetes tipo 2, a presença de retinopatia está associada a doença cardiovascular aumentada, independentemente dos fatores de risco conhecidos para a doença vascular. OBJETIVO: Investigar a associação da retinopatia diabética (RD) e seus graus com a presença de aterosclerose coronariana subclínica em pacientes com diabetes tipo 1. MÉTODOS: Um estudo transversal foi conduzido com 150 pacientes com diabetes tipo 1, assintomáticos para doença arterial coronariana. Foram submetidos à avaliação clínica para verificar complicações microvasculares e avaliação para a presença de calcificação arterial coronariana (CAC). RESULTADOS: Formas graves de RD (RD grave não proliferativa - RDNP - e RD proliferativa - RDP) foram associadas à CAC (RC: 3,98; IC de 95 por cento; 1,13-13,9, p = 0,03), de maneira independente dos fatores de risco conhecidos para a doença cardiovascular (idade, A1C, hipertensão, dislipidemia e sexo masculino). CONCLUSÃO: Os pacientes com formas graves de RD estão em risco de presença de doença arterial coronariana, de maneira independente dos tradicionais fatores de risco cardiovascular.


BACKGROUND: In patients with type 2 diabetes, the presence of retinopathy is associated with increased cardiovascular disease, regardless of known risk factors for vascular disease. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and its grades with the presence of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in patients with type 1 diabetes. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 150 type 1 diabetes individuals asymptomatic for coronary artery disease. They underwent clinical evaluation for microvascular complications and for the presence of coronary artery calcification (CAC). RESULTS: Severe forms of DR (severe non-proliferative DR and proliferative DR) were associated with CAC (OR: 3.98 95 percent CI 1.13-13.9, p = 0.03), regardless of known risk factors for cardiovascular disease (age, A1C, hypertension, dyslipidemia and male gender). CONCLUSION: Patients with severe forms of DR are at risk for the presence of coronary artery disease regardless of traditional cardiovascular risk factors.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Coronary Artery Disease/etiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , Diabetic Retinopathy/etiology , Vascular Calcification/etiology , Coronary Artery Disease/pathology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology , Diabetic Retinopathy/pathology , Epidemiologic Methods , Risk Factors , Vascular Calcification/pathology
11.
Arab Journal of Gastroenterology. 2011; 12 (2): 103-105
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-123884

ABSTRACT

High prevalence rates of coeliac disease [CD] in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus [T1DM] have been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of silent CD in a sample of Iraqi patients with T1DM. This is a cross-sectional study done in Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Baghdad Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq, on 62 patients with T1DM. For all patients, immunoglobulin A [IgA] anti-tissue trans-glutaminase antibodies [IgA tTG], IgG anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies [IgG tTG], IgA endomysial antibody [IgA EMA], IgA antigliadin antibodies [IgA AGA] and IgG antigliadin antibodies [IgG AGA] tests were done, with duodenoscopy, and at least four biopsies were taken from the second part of the duodenum. A total of 27 patients [43.5%] had normal small-intestinal histopathology [Marsh 0], one of them had a positive result for all serological markers used in the study, and another patient was positive for IgA tTG only. Ten patients [16.1%] had Marsh grade I, one of them was positive for IgA tTG, IgG tTG and IgA EMA, another patient was IgA deficient and had positive IgG tTG only and another patient with Marsh I had positive IgA tTG and IgG tTG only. Two patients [3.2%] had Marsh IIIA; three patients [4.8%] had Marsh IIIB histopathology two of them were positive for all tests and one had positive IgA tTG and IgA EMA only. Two patients [3.2%] had Marsh IIIC histopathological features; they were positive for all serological tests, hence, the frequency of CD was 11.2%. The frequency of silent CD in Iraqi patients with T1DM is not rare, reaching up to 11.2%. Both EMA and tTG antibodies are useful as screening tests


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology , Cross-Sectional Studies
12.
Rev. AMRIGS ; 53(3): 285-290, jul.-set. 2009.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-566966

ABSTRACT

A qualidade de vida é um desfecho importante quando analisamos os resultados de qualquer tipo de tratamento. No que tange ao diabetes tipo 1, este desfecho torna-se de especial relevância. Os tratamentos mais eficazes para controlar esta enfermidade podem modificar ignificativamente a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Nos casos de diabetes com complicações crônicas em estágios avançados, o transplante de órgãos passou a ser indicado de forma mais liberal, visando a melhorar a qualidade de vida deste subgrupo de enfermos. Este artigo tem como objetivo revisar as publicações que avaliaram as modificações na qualidade de vida dos pacientes diabéticos tipo 1 submetidos às diferentes modalidades de transplante de órgãos (transplante isolado de rim, transplante simultâneo de pâncreas e rim e transplante isolado de pâncreas).


Quality of life is an important outcome when the results of any type of treatment are analyzed. Concerning diabetes type 1, this outcome becomes especially relevant. The most effective treatments to control this disease may significantly affect the quality of life of the patients. In the cases of diabetes with chronic complications at advanced stages, organ transplantation came to be indicated more frequently, as a measure to improve the quality of life of this subgroup of patients. This article aimed at reviewing the published studies evaluating changes to the quality of life of type 1 diabetic patients following different types of organ transplantation (kidney transplant, simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplant, and pancreas transplant.).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diagnosis , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology , Quality of Life/psychology , Pancreas Transplantation/adverse effects , Pancreas Transplantation/methods , Pancreas Transplantation/psychology , Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects , Kidney Transplantation/methods , Kidney Transplantation/psychology , Organ Transplantation
13.
Rev. cuba. pediatr ; 81(1)ene.-mar. 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-576552

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: La diabetes mellitus de tipo 1 es una enfermedad autoinmunitaria que se caracteriza por una deficiencia absoluta de la producción de insulina, alteraciones del metabolismo de la glucosa, los lípidos y las proteínas. El objetivo de nuestra investigación fue conocer la relación entre dislipidemia y lesión renal diabética, expresada por la presencia de microalbuminuria. MÉTODOS. Se estudiaron 52 niños con diabetes mellitus de tipo 1, edades de 9 a 15 años y 2 años o más de duración de la enfermedad. A todos se les realizó lipidograma en ayunas que incluyó análisis de triglicéridos, colesterol total, colesterol de las lipoproteínas de baja densidad y colesterol de las lipoproteínas de alta densidad. Se realizaron pruebas de microalbuminuria mediante radioinmunoanálisis para la albúmina humana en orina y también filtrado glomerular. RESULTADOS. Se observó dislipidemia en 30 pacientes (57 por ciento) y disminución del colesterol de lipoproteínas de alta densidad en todos los pacientes dislipidémicos. Se constató un aumento del colesterol de lipoproteínas de baja densidad en 27 casos (51,9 por ciento); el colesterol total estaba elevado en 12 (23 por ciento) y se comprobó hipertrigliceridemia solo en 4 pacientes (7,6 por ciento). Veintiuno de los 30 niños dislipidémicos (70 por ciento) tenían microalbuminuria. Se encontró que los pacientes con dislipidemia tenían mayor porcentaje de microalbuminuria, pero éste no fue significativo. En todos los pacientes con dislipidemia se observó una disminución del colesterol de lipoproteínas de alta densidad. La dislipidemia tuvo correlación positiva con la duración de la diabetes, pero no con el sexo. CONCLUSIONES. En la diabetes mellitus de tipo 1, el colesterol total y los triglicéridos no ofrecen información suficiente y es necesario realizar estudios del colesterol de lipoproteínas de alta densidad para poder pronosticar una futura lesión renal. No sólo el control glucémico, sino...


INTRODUCTION: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease characterized by absolute deficiency of insulin production, glucose-metabolism disturbances, lipid, and proteins. The aim of present research was to know relation between dyslipidemia and diabetic renal injury, expressed by presence of microalbuminuria. METHODS: Fifty two children presenting with Type 1 diabetes mellitus, aged 9-15, and a disease length of 2 years or more. In all we carried out fast lipidogram including triglyceride analysis, total cholesterol, and low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Microalbuminuria tests were performed by means of radioimmunoassay for urine-human albumin and also glomerular filtration. RESULTS: There was dyslipidemia in 30 patients (57 percent) and decrease of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in all patients dyslipidemic. We verified an increase of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in 27 cases (51,6 percent); total cholesterol was high in 12 (23 percent), and there was hypertriglyceridemia only in 4 patients (7,6 percent). Twenty one of 30 dyslipidemic children (70 percent) had microalbuminuria. It was found that patients presenting with dyslipidemia had a greater percentage of microalbuminuria, but this one was not significant. All patients presenting with dyslipidemia there was a decrease of high-density l lipoproteins cholesterol. Dyslipidemia had a positive relation with length of diabetes, but not with sex. CONCLUSIONS: In Type 1 diabetes mellitus, total cholesterol and triglycerides there is a lack of enough information, and it is necessary to perform studies on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to predict a future renal injury. Glycemia and lipid control is important to prevent, postpone or to improve the diabetic renal injury.


Subject(s)
Humans , Albuminuria , Dyslipidemias , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology
14.
ACM arq. catarin. med ; 37(4): 81-87, set.-dez. 2008. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-512815

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Existem associações que têm como objetivo promover a educação para os portadores de diabete e seus familiares, buscando ajudá-los a lidar com as dificuldades encontradas nessa enfermidade. Objetivo: Esse estudo teve por objetivo conhecer a importância da Associação Tubaronense de Diabete Infanto-Juvenil no perfil de uma amostra dos pacientes com diabete melito tipo 1. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo observacional. A população foi composta por pacientes com diagnósticode diabete tipo 1 na região de Tubarão, com faixa etária de 0 a 19 anos, dividida em dois grupos. O primeiro, (10indivíduos) formado por participantes da Associação de Diabete Infanto-Juvenil. O segundo, (10 indivíduos) por pacientes com diabete tipo 1 não pertencentes à associação de diabete.Resultados: O grupo participante da associação tinha como principal esquema insulínico (60 %) o uso deinsulina Lenta e Ultra-rápida conforme necessidade, enquanto o principal regime insulínico no outro grupo erainsulina NPH e Regular fixa. O grupo associação recebia maior auxílio governamental para o tratamento dadoença. Com isso, o grupo que fazia parte da associação apresentou média (média=7,7; DP=1,16) de hemoglobinaglicada inferior à média do grupo não-associação (média=9,5; DP=0,70). A freqüência de internação por cetoacidose no grupo não-associação foi maior que no grupo associação (RR=7,0; IC 95%: 1,14 - 42,97; pFisher=0,003). Conclusão: Fazer parte da Associação de Diabete Infanto-Juvenil fez com que os participantes com diabete tipo 1 apresentassem menor número de complicaçõesagudas, melhor manejo da doença, com valores de hemoglobina glicosilada possivelmente menores.


Introduction: There are organizations that have as an objective the promotion of education for diabetics and their families, aiming to help them deal with the difficulties found in this disease.Objective: This study had as an objective the understanding of the importance of Tubaronense´s Infantileand Juvenile Diabetic Association in a profile of a sample of type 1 diabetic patients. Methods: An observational study was realized. The population was formed by of patients with diabetes type1 diagnosis in the region of Tubarão, with and age ranging from 0 to 19 years old, divided into two groups. Thefirst, (10 individuals) formed by of participants of Tubaronense´s Infantile and Juvenile Diabetic Association.The second group, (10 individuals) by patients with type 1 diabetes not enrolled in the diabetic association.Results: The participant group of association had asthe main insulin therapy (60%) the use of Lente and Ultra-rapid insulin used as needed while the main insulin therapy used in the non participant group was the NPHand Regular insulin (fixed dosing). The participant group received more governmental help for the treatment ofthe disease. Therefore, the group that participated in the association presented and average (average=7.7; SD=1.16) of glycated hemoglobine lower then the average found in the group of non participants (average=9.5; SD=0.70). The hospitalization frequency because of diabetic ketoacidosis in the non association group was higher then in the association group (RR=7.0; CI 95%:1.14 – 42.97; pFisher=0.003).Conclusion: The participation in the Tubaronense´s Infantile and Juvenile Diabetic Association provided thediabetic type 1 patients with a smaller number of acute complications, better management of the disease, withvalues of glycosylated hemoglobine probably lower.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/prevention & control
15.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 52(7): 1096-1105, out. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-499719

ABSTRACT

O diabetes melito e suas complicações apresentam origem multifatorial. Mecanismos bioquímicos e patológicos estão associados com hiperglicemia crônica no diabetes e o aumento do estresse oxidativo tem sido postulado com papel central nestas desordens. Evidências sugerem que a lesão celular oxidativa causada pelos radicais livres contribuem para o desenvolvimento das complicações no diabetes tipo 1 (DM1) e a diminuição das defesas antioxidantes (enzimáticas e não-enzimáticas) parecem correlacionar-se com a gravidade das alterações patológicas no DM1. Nesta revisão, relata-se como o estresse oxidativo pode exercer efeitos deletérios no diabetes e são apresentadas as opções terapêuticas em estudo para modulação da injúria vascular.


Diabetic complications appear to be multifactorial process. The biochemical and pathological mechanisms are associated with chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes and the increased oxidative stress which has been postulated to play a central role in these disorders. Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidative cell injury caused by free radicals contributes to the development of type 1 diabetes (DM1) complications and decreased efficiency of antioxidant defenses (both enzymatic and nonenzymatic) seems to correlate with the severity of pathological tissue changes in DM1. In this review, we report as oxidative stress may exert deleterious effects in diabetes, as well as address current strategies in study to down-regulating vascular injury.


Subject(s)
Humans , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Antioxidants/metabolism , Biochemical Phenomena , Diabetes Complications/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/therapy , Free Radicals/metabolism , Hyperglycemia/complications , Protein Kinase C/physiology
16.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 52(2): 398-406, mar. 2008.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-481008

ABSTRACT

O acometimento patológico do sistema nervoso no diabetes melito é muito amplo e, freqüentemente, bastante grave. A prevalência de neuropatia diabética atinge níveis elevados com a evolução temporal do diabetes, chegando, geralmente, a freqüências acima de 50 por cento de lesão neurológica em diferentes grupos de pacientes analisados em nosso meio e no exterior. A lesão neurológica nesta situação patológica é extensa no organismo humano diabético, envolvendo amplamente todo o sistema nervoso periférico nos seus componentes sensitivo-motor e autonômico: com clínica característica e concordante com as hipóteses patogênicas de natureza metabólica e/ou microvascular. O sistema nervoso autonômico é o elemento fundamental na regulação da função da maior parte dos sistemas ou órgãos no organismo, portanto, a sua lesão pode trazer importantes alterações para as funções cardiovascular, respiratória, digestiva, urinária e genital, podendo influir na função vital de alguns desses órgãos ou sistemas. Este artigo aborda as alterações decorrentes da lesão do sistema nervoso autonômico, especialmente nos pacientes diabéticos tipo 1, procurando dimensionar o risco de morbimortalidade.


The pathological alteration of the nervous system in diabetic patients is extensive and frequently severe. The prevalence of the diabetic neuropathy reach high levels with the evolution of the diabetes, often showing frequencies higher than 50 percent in several groups of patients. The neurological lesion in this pathological situation is extensive in the diabetic patient, including widely the peripheral nervous system with its components sensory, motor and autonomic: with typical symptoms and in accordance with the pathogenesis of metabolic origin and/or microvascular disease. The autonomic nervous system is a main regulator of many systems in the human body. Then its lesion can promote significant alterations in the function of the cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, urogenital system, that can be related to increased motality. This review anlyses the abnormalities related to lesion of the autonomic nervous system, particularly in type 1 diabetic patients, trying to characterize the risk of morbidity and mortality.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/physiopathology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , Diabetic Neuropathies/etiology , Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/etiology , Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/pathology , Body Temperature Regulation/physiology , Chronic Disease , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/pathology , Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/physiopathology , Diabetic Angiopathies/pathology , Diabetic Angiopathies/physiopathology , Diabetic Neuropathies/pathology , Diabetic Neuropathies/physiopathology , Female Urogenital Diseases/etiology , Female Urogenital Diseases/pathology , Female Urogenital Diseases/physiopathology , Gastrointestinal Diseases/etiology , Gastrointestinal Diseases/pathology , Gastrointestinal Diseases/physiopathology , Male Urogenital Diseases/etiology , Male Urogenital Diseases/pathology , Male Urogenital Diseases/physiopathology , Risk Factors
17.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 51(2): 176-184, mar. 2007. ilus, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-449571

ABSTRACT

Alterações funcionais e estruturais das grandes artérias exercem um importante papel na patogênese das doenças cardiovasculares. O diabetes mellitus, ao lado da hipertensão arterial e do envelhecimento, pode induzir essas alterações em diferentes territórios arteriais, e assim levar ao desenvolvimento de aterosclerose e suas conseqüências cardiovasculares. A principal alteração da função das grandes artérias é o aumento da rigidez, enquanto que a principal alteração estrutural é o maior espessamento da camada intima-media da artéria carótida, encontradas em ambos os tipos 1 e 2 de diabetes. Os mecanismos destas alterações estruturais e funcionais arteriais no diabetes incluem a resistência à insulina, o acúmulo de colágeno devido à glicação enzimática inadequada, disfunção endotelial e do sistema nervoso autônomo. O aumento de rigidez arterial é um marcador de risco cardiovascular em pacientes diabéticos, e o tratamento tanto do diabetes per se quanto de dislipidemia e hipertensão arterial associadas pode modificar beneficamente essas alterações arteriais.


Functional and structural modifications in large arteries play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. The diabetes mellitus besides arterial hypertension and ageing can induce these alterations in different arterial sites, and so leading to the development of atherosclerosis and its cardiovascular consequences. The main functional change of large arteries is an increase of stiffness, while the main structural modification is an increase of the intima-media thickness of carotid artery, and both changes have been recognized in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The mechanisms of these structural and functional arterial modifications in diabetes include insulin resistance, collagen increase due to inadequate enzymatic glycation, endothelial and autonomic dysfunction. The increase of arterial stiffness is an independent cardiovascular risk marker in diabetic patients, and the treatment of diabetes per se and even of associated dyslipidemia and arterial hypertension can favorably modify these arterial changes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Arteries/physiopathology , Atherosclerosis/etiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/physiopathology , /physiopathology , Arteries/pathology , Carotid Arteries/pathology , Carotid Arteries/physiopathology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology , /complications , /pathology , Diabetic Angiopathies/pathology , Diabetic Angiopathies/physiopathology , Hypertension/complications , Insulin Resistance/physiology , Vascular Resistance/physiology
18.
Journal of Shaheed Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services. 2007; 15 (3): 46-52
in English, Persian | IMEMR | ID: emr-83591

ABSTRACT

Diabetes can affect organs including the oral mucosa. There is a disagreement about the prevalence of oral mucosal disease in diabetic patients. We therefore decided to investigate more about that. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of soft tissue pathologies by assessing burning mouth and xerostomia in diabetic patients on the basis of type of diabetes and control status of diabetes. This descriptive, analytic study was done by visiting 486 known diabetic patients who were referred to the Endocrine Clinic in summer of 2005. Their demographic information with history of systemic diseases accompanied by the amount of HbAIC and duration of disease was recorded in their questionnaire. Diagnosis of oral lesions was done by clinical examination. Burning mouth was assessed by visual analog scale in persons who suffered and subjective xerostomia was evaluated by standard questionnaire. Data collection was done by software SPSS 10, and statistical analysis was done by X2 and logistic regression test. In this study, 34 patients were type I and 434 were type II patients with mean age of 47.84 +/- 9.77 years. Frequency of all candidasis lesions was 15.4% which included denture stomatitis 5.3%, angular cheilitis 4.1%, median rhomboid glossitis 1.5%and papillary atrophy of tongue 4.5%. Frequency of non-candidal lesions was 20.1%, which included fissured tongue 10.5%, geographic tongue 7.9% and lichen planus 1.7%. 6.2% of patients suffered from glossodyna. 15.6% of patients had xerestomia. By logistical regression test, we found that type of diabetes affects denture stomatitis, angular cheilitis, tongue atrophy and amount of HbAlc. All of the pathologies were greater in type I than type II diabetes patients. Level of HbAlc had an important role in appearance of oral lesions and level changes can cause problems in the mouth. Thus, patients should maintain their oral hygiene and control their glucose regularly


Subject(s)
Humans , Diabetes Mellitus/pathology , Burning Mouth Syndrome , Mouth/pathology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Prevalence , Xerostomia , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology , Glycated Hemoglobin , Pain Measurement , Candidiasis, Oral
19.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 50(5): 957-962, out. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS | ID: lil-439081

ABSTRACT

Em diabéticos, síndromes dolorosas devidas o comprometimento do músculo esquelético sem neuropatia são complicações raras. Neste relato são apresentados dois casos: Caso 1 (piomiosite em panturrilhas) e Caso 2 (infarto muscular em coxa), sendo comentadas as características clínicas e os procedimentos diagnósticos. É necessário um alto índice de suspeita, uma vez que o tratamento de ambas difere significativamente. Além disso, o diagnóstico pode ser inicialmente confundido com tromboflebite, rabdomiólise ou neoplasia, retardando o tratamento correto. O atraso no tratamento da piomiosite com antibiótico e em alguns casos com cirurgia, pode evoluir para infecção sistêmica e até óbito, enquanto o infarto muscular requer apenas repouso e analgesia. Exames de imagem e de laboratório são úteis no diagnóstico diferencial, porém pode haver superposição dos achados. É enfatizada a importância de incluir estas doenças no diagnóstico diferencial de síndromes dolorosas do membro inferior em diabéticos.


Progressive painful syndromes due to skeletal muscle injuries rather than diabetic neuropathy are unusual complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). Two clinical cases are presented: Case 1 (pyomyositis: leg location) and Case 2 (muscle infarction: thigh location). Discussion on how to proceed the diagnosis based on clinical features are included as it is critical for early and proper treatment since approaches highly differ in the two situations. These complications can mimic thrombophlebitis, rabdomyolises or a neoplasm, therefore the diagnosis of a diabetes-related disorder may be overlooked. If pyomyositis is not correctly treated with antibiotics and in some cases with surgery, systemic infection and even death may occur, whereas muscle infarction only requires rest and analgesia. Image and laboratorial investigations can be of help to differentiate these syndromes, although some findings can overlap. Thus, the present report emphasizes the importance to include these diseases when limb painful syndromes are to be investigated in a diabetic patient.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , /complications , Infarction/pathology , Muscle, Skeletal/blood supply , Pain/pathology , Pyomyositis/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology , /pathology , Diabetic Ketoacidosis/pathology , Infarction/etiology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Muscle, Skeletal/pathology , Pain/etiology , Pyomyositis/etiology , Syndrome
20.
Col. med. estado Táchira ; 15(1): 10-16, ene.-mar. 2006.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-531261

ABSTRACT

La incidencia de la Diabetes Tipo 1 ha aumentado durante los últimos decenios en todo el mundo, representando en nuestro medio la séptima causa de muerte y afectando aproximadamente a un millón de venezolanos. De acuerdo a la OMS se clasifica en: Autoinmune (tipo A y tipo B) e idiopática. Esta enfermedad se considera como el resultado de una serie de factores genéticos (asociados a la región HLA-D del MHC clase II; principalmente es el locus HLA-DQ) y ambientales (relacionados con el estilo de vida del paciente e infecciones virales principalemente en virus coxsackie) que medían la activación del sistema inmunológico del individuo provocando de esta manera la destrucción de las células beta pancreáticas por diferentes mecanismos: pérdida de la Autotolerancia, Directo "Reconocimiento de Unión" e Indirecto "Unión-Activación" y como consecuencia la aparición de las manifestaciones clínicas de la enfermedad. La DM tipo 1 cursa con un período asintomático que se caracteriza por una infiltración de los islotes por monocitos/macrófagos y células T citotóxicas activadas. Este estado en el que se encuentran el paciente mientras se está produciendo (de forma indetectable), la agregación inmunitaria se denomina PRE-DIABETES, posteriormente las reservas de insulina van disminuyendo constantemente hasta hacerse insuficientes y es cuando se manifiesta clínicamente la DM.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Female , Child , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology , Environmental Microbiology , Islets of Langerhans/physiopathology , Islets of Langerhans/pathology , HLA-D Antigens/analysis , HLA-DQ Antigens/analysis
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