ABSTRACT
El interés científico que existe sobre los mecanismos involucrados en el proceso que da origen a la aterosclerosis es considerablemente notable e importante. El gran volumen de artículos y conocimiento sobre este tema cada vez es mayor, permitiendo profundizar constantemente en los mecanismos fisiopatológicos que comprende la aterosclerosis, los factores de riesgo que predisponen a la misma, y las posibles consecuencias a esperar una vez que se desencadena la patología. Ahora se sabe que el carácter multifactorial de esta situación anormal de las arterias es lo que ha llevado a la alta morbimortalidad que representan las enfermedades cardiovasculares actualmente. Objetivo: Investigar los mecanismos de la aterosclerosis: Profundizar en los procesos fisiopatológicos que conducen al desarrollo de esta enfermedad. Comprender cómo diferentes elementos, incluyendo la inmunidad, genética y microbiota, contribuyen al desarrollo de la aterosclerosis. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión de la literatura científica existente sobre el tema. Análisis de estudios que relacionan factores de riesgo (hormonales, ambientales y genéticos) con el desarrollo de la enfermedad. La investigación sobre el papel del sistema inmunológico y la microbiota en la fisiopatología de la aterosclerosis. Se ha logrado dilucidar las diferentes causas, encontrando una fuerte relación entre el desarrollo de aterosclerosis y diversos factores, para tratar de explicar el sustrato fisiopatológico al cual nos enfrentamos en la búsqueda del tratamiento más eficaz para esta condición anormal del organismo.
The scientific interest that exists in the mechanisms involved in the process that gives rise to atherosclerosis is considerably notable and important. The large volume of articles and knowledge on this topic is increasing, allowing us to constantly delve deeper into the pathophysiological mechanisms that comprise atherosclerosis, the risk factors that predispose to it, and the possible consequences to be expected once the pathology is triggered. It is now known that the multifactorial nature of this abnormal situation of the arteries is what has led to the high morbidity and mortality that cardiovascular diseases currently represent. Objective: To investigate the mechanisms of atherosclerosis: To delve deeper into the pathophysiological processes that lead to the development of this disease. To understand how different elements, including immunity, genetics and microbiota, contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. Methods: A review of the existing scientificliterature on the subject was carried out. Analysis of studies that relate risk factors (hormonal, environmental and genetic) with the development of the disease. Research on the role of the immune system and microbiota in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. It has been possible to elucidate the different causes, finding a strong relationship between the development of atherosclerosis and various factors, in order to try to explain the pathophysiological substrate that we face in the search for the most effective treatment for this abnormal condition of the organism.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Atherosclerosis , Atherosclerosis/complications , Atherosclerosis/diagnosis , Cardiovascular Diseases , Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality , Risk Factors , Morbidity , Disease Progression , Knowledge , Immune SystemABSTRACT
Introducción. El cáncer de vesícula biliar es el más común en el tracto biliopancreático y una importante causa de mortalidad. La metaplasia y la displasia han sido mencionados como probables precursores relacionados con la secuencia metaplasia-displasia-cáncer. El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer las posibles asociaciones entre estas alteraciones histopatológicas y su relación con la edad y el sexo de los pacientes. Métodos. Estudio observacional retrospectivo descriptivo, con un componente analítico de corte transversal. Se incluyeron los informes de patología de pacientes llevados a colecistectomía laparoscópica electiva y ambulatoria, entre enero de 2015 y diciembre de 2020, con colecistitis crónica, colelitiasis o pólipos vesiculares, mayores de 18 años. Se describieron las características demográficas por sexo y edad utilizando medias, desviaciones estándar y porcentajes. Se emplearon la prueba de chi cuadrado y la prueba exacta de Fisher para evaluar la asociación entre las variables cualitativas. Resultados. Se incluyeron 4871 informes de patología. En esta cohorte se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre metaplasia, displasia y cáncer de vesícula (p<0,05), al igual que con el sexo y la edad de los pacientes. Conclusiones. Los resultados sugieren una asociación entre metaplasia, displasia y cáncer de vesícula biliar en la población estudiada. Se recomienda la realización de investigaciones complementarias para definir la posible causalidad entre metaplasia, displasia y cáncer de vesícula biliar en una población más heterogénea.
Introduction. Gallbladder cancer is the most common cancer in the biliopancreatic tract and an important cause of mortality. Metaplasia and dysplasia have been mentioned as probable precursors related to the metaplasia-dysplasia-cancer sequence. The objective of this study was to establish the possible associations between these histopathological alterations and their relationship with the age and sex of the patients. Methods. Descriptive retrospective observational study, with a cross-sectional analytical component. Pathology reports of patients undergoing elective and outpatient laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included between January 2015 and December 2020, with chronic cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, or gallbladder polyps, over 18 years of age. Demographic characteristics by sex and age was performed using means, standard deviations, and percentages. The chi2 test and Fisher's exact test were used to evaluate the association between the qualitative variables. Results. 4871 pathology reports were included. In this cohort, a statistically significant association was found between metaplasia, dysplasia, and gallbladder cancer (p<0.05), as well as with the sex and age of the patients. Conclusions. The results suggest an association between metaplasia, dysplasia and gallbladder cancer in the study population. Additional research is recommended to define the possible causality between metaplasia, dysplasia, and gallbladder cancer in a more heterogeneous population.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cholecystectomy , Gallbladder Neoplasms , Disease Progression , Gallbladder , Metaplasia , NeoplasmsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND@#The application of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies has greatly improved the clinical outcomes of lung cancer patients. Here, we retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of PD-1 antibody therapy in locally advanced non-surgical or metastatic lung cancer patients, and preliminarily explored the correlation between peripheral blood biomarkers and clinical responses.@*METHODS@#We conducted a single center study that included 61 IIIA-IV lung cancer patients who received PD-1 antibody treatment from March 2020 to December 2021, and collected the medical record data on PD-1 antibody first-line or second-line treatment. The levels of multiple Th1 and Th2 cytokines in the patient's peripheral blood serum, as well as the phenotype of peripheral blood T cells, were detected and analyzed.@*RESULTS@#All the patients completed at least 2 cycles of PD-1 monoclonal antibody treatment. Among them, 42 patients (68.9%) achieved partial response (PR); 7 patients (11.5%) had stable disease (SD); and 12 patients (19.7%) had progressive disease (PD). The levels of peripheral blood interferon gamma (IFN-γ) (P=0.023), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) (P=0.007) and interleukin 5 (IL-5) (P=0.002) before treatment were higher in patients of the disease control rate (DCR) (PR+SD) group than in the PD group. In addition, the decrease in absolute peripheral blood lymphocyte count after PD-1 antibody treatment was associated with disease progression (P=0.023). Moreover, the levels of IL-5 (P=0.0027) and IL-10 (P=0.0208) in the blood serum after immunotherapy were significantly increased compared to baseline.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Peripheral blood serum IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-5 in lung cancer patients have certain roles in predicting the clinical efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy. The decrease in absolute peripheral blood lymphocyte count in lung cancer patients is related to disease progression, but large-scale prospective studies are needed to further elucidate the value of these biomarkers.
Subject(s)
Humans , Lung Neoplasms/metabolism , Interleukin-5/therapeutic use , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/therapeutic use , Retrospective Studies , Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor , Biomarkers , Immunotherapy , Disease Progression , B7-H1 AntigenABSTRACT
Introduction. La tuberculose est dite multifocale (TMF) lorsqu Ìil y a l Ìatteinte d Ìau moins deux sites extra pulmonaires non contigus associée ou non à une atteinte pulmonaire. Cette étude avait pour but d'étudier les aspects épidémiologiques, diagnostics et évolutifs de la TMF au service de pneumo-phtisiologie du CHU-RN de N'Djamena. Matériels et méthode. Il s'agissait d'une étude rétrospective à visée descriptive de 5 ans allant de janvier 2018 à décembre 2022. Les variables étudiées étaient, épidémiologiques, cliniques et évolutives. Résultats. Au total, 185 patients étaient inclus sur 2001 cas de tuberculose, soit une fréquence de 9,24%. L'âge moyen était de 34,1 ans avec des extrêmes de 16 ans et 75 ans. Le sex-ratio était de 1,28. Les patients sans-emploi étaient majoritaire soit 47% des cas. La notion de contage tuberculeux représentait 13,5% des cas, et 66,5% des patients étaient vaccinés au BCG avec une séroprévalence VIH de 54,6%. Tous les signes habituels de la tuberculose étaient présents. La localisation pulmonaire était la plus représentée (66,2%) suivie de la localisation ganglionnaire (48,6%). Dans 80% des cas, la localisationétait bifocale. La mortalité était de 21,6% pour un séjour moyen d'hospitalisation de 20,26 jours. Conclusion. La tuberculose multifocale est une forme rare et grave, qui survient généralement chez les patients infectés par le VIH, mais le sujet immunocompétent peut être aussi touché. Un traitement antituberculeux doit être instauré le plus rapidement possible afind'éviter les complications
Introduction. Tuberculosisis called multifocal (TMF) when there is involvement of at least two non-contiguous extrapulmonary sites, whether or notassociated with pulmonary involvement. This study aimed to study the epidemiological, diagnostic and evolutionary aspects of FMT in the pneumo-phthisiology department of the CHU-RN of N'Djamena. Materials and method. This was a 5-year retrospective study with a descriptive aim from January 2018 to December 2022. The variables studied were epidemiological, clinical and progressive. Results. In total, 185 patients were included out of 2001 cases of tuberculosis, i.e. a frequency of 9.24%. The average age was 34.1 years with extremes of 16 and 75 years. The sex ratio was 1.28. Unemployed patients were the majority, i.e. 47% of cases. The notion of tuberculosis contagion represented 13.5% of cases, and 66.5% of patients were vaccinated with BCG with an HIV seroprevalence of 54.6%. All the usual signs of tuberculosis were present. The pulmonary location was the most represented (66.2%) followed by the lymph node location (48.6%). In 80% of cases, bifocal localization. Mortality was 21.6% for an average hospital stay of 20.26 days. Conclusion.Multifocal tuberculosis is a rare and serious form, which generally occurs in patients infected with HIV, but immunocompetent subjects can also be affected. Anti-tuberculosis treatment must be started as quickly as possible to avoid complications.
Subject(s)
Tuberculosis , Disease Progression , Tuberculosis, Extrapulmonary , Epidemiology , DiagnosisABSTRACT
Background: Cancer is the third leading cause of death in Kenya. Yet, little is known about prognostic awareness and preferences for prognostic information. Aim: To assess the prevalence of prognostic awareness and preference for prognostic information among advanced cancer patients in Kenya. Setting: Outpatient medical oncology and palliative care clinics and inpatient medical and surgical wards of Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital (MTRH) in Eldoret, Kenya. Methods: The authors surveyed 207 adults with advanced solid cancers. The survey comprised validated measures developed for a multi-site study of end-of-life care in advanced cancer patients. Outcome variables included prognostic awareness and preference for prognostic information. Results: More than one-third of participants (36%) were unaware of their prognosis and most (67%) preferred not to receive prognostic information. Increased age (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.07) and education level (OR: 1.18, CI: 1.08, 1.30) were associated with a higher likelihood of preference to receive prognostic information, while increased symptom burden (OR= 0.94, CI: 0.90, 0.99) and higher perceived household income levels (lower-middle vs low: OR= 0.19; CI: 0.09, 0.44; and upper middle- or high vs low: OR= 0.22, CI: 0.09, 0.56) were associated with lower odds of preferring prognostic information. Conclusion: Results reveal low levels of prognostic awareness and little interest in receiving prognostic information among advanced cancer patients in Kenya. Contribution: Given the important role of prognostic awareness in providing patient-centred care, efforts to educate patients in Kenya on the value of this information should be a priority, especially among younger patients.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Cause of Death , Disease Progression , Neoplasms , Prevalence , Access to Information , KenyaABSTRACT
De acordo com a literatura, não há consenso sobre um tempo de atraso razoável desde o diagnóstico até a operação da prostatectomia radical (PR) sem piora do prognóstico. Objetivo: Avaliar a influência desse tempo no risco de recorrência da doença em pacientes com adenocarcinoma acinar da próstata tratados com PR. Método: Quatrocentos e doze pacientes submetidos à PR foram avaliados retrospectivamente. Destes, 172 foram excluídos por dados incompletos e outros 28, por estadiamento pré- -operatório como câncer de próstata de alto risco (PSA > 10 ng/mL ou escore de Gleason na biópsia > 7). Os estadiamentos pré e pós-operatórios foram comparados, e a análise de sobrevida feita pelo método de Kaplan-Meier para examinar a influência do tempo na discordância entre os estadiamentos pré e pós-operatórios. Resultados: Para os 212 pacientes da amostra, o tempo médio desde o diagnóstico até a PR foi de 176,1 ± 120,2 dias (mediana de 145,5 dias), variando de 29 a um máximo de 798 dias. A curva de Kaplan-Meier indicou que o câncer piorava quanto maior o atraso entre o diagnóstico e a operação. Pacientes submetidos à cirurgia dentro de 60 dias tiveram cerca de 95% de probabilidade de não aumentarem o risco inicial de recorrência. Esse número caiu para 80%, 70% e 50% nos pacientes operados em até 100, 120 e 180 dias, respectivamente. Conclusão: O atraso na realização da PR representa risco contínuo de recorrência da neoplasia. O tempo ideal para PR é de até 60 dias a partir da biópsia da próstata, uma vez que a probabilidade de upstaging é inferior a 5% nesse período.
There is no consensus in the literature on a reasonable delay time from diagnosis to radical prostatectomy (RP) surgery, without worsening the prognosis. Objective: To evaluate the influence of the delay on the risk of disease recurrence in patients with acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate treated with RP. Method: Four hundred and twelve patients undergoing RP were retrospectively evaluated. Of these, 172 were excluded due to incomplete data and another 28 due to preoperative staging as high-risk prostate cancer (PSA > 10 ng/mL or Gleason score on biopsy > 7). Pre-and postoperative stagings were compared and survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method to investigate the influence of time on discordance between pre- and postoperative stagings. Results:For the 212 patients of the sample, the average time from diagnosis to RP was 176.1 ± 120.2 days (median 145.5 days), ranging from 29 to a maximum of 798 days. The Kaplan-Meier curve indicated that the cancer worsened the longer the delay between diagnosis and surgery. Patients undergoing surgery within 60 days had an approximately 95% probability of not increasing the initial risk of recurrence. This number fell to 80%, 70% and 50% in patients operated on up to 100, 120 and 180 days, respectively. Conclusion:Delay in performing RP represents a continuous risk of relapse. The ideal time for RP is up to 60 days from prostate biopsy, as the probability of upstaging is less than 5% in this period
Según la literatura, no existe consenso sobre un tiempo razonable de retraso desde el diagnóstico hasta la cirugía de prostatectomía radical (PR), sin empeorar el pronóstico. Objetivo: Evaluar la influencia de este tiempo sobre el riesgo de recurrencia de la enfermedad en pacientes con adenocarcinoma acinar de próstata tratados con PR. Método: Se evaluaron retrospectivamente 412 pacientes sometidos a PR. De ellos, 172 fueron excluidos por datos incompletos y otros 28 por estadificación preoperatoria como cáncer de próstata de alto riesgo (PSA > 10 ng/mL o puntuación de Gleason en la biopsia > 7). Se compararon las estadificaciones pre y posoperatorias y se realizó un análisis de supervivencia utilizando el método de Kaplan-Meier para examinar la influencia del tiempo en la discordancia entre las estadificaciones pre y posoperatorias. Resultados: Para los 212 pacientes de la muestra, el tiempo promedio desde el diagnóstico hasta la PR fue de 176,1 ± 120,2 días (mediana 145,5 días), oscilando entre 29 y 798 días. La curva de Kaplan-Meier indicó que el cáncer empeoraba cuanto mayor era el retraso entre el diagnóstico y la cirugía. Los pacientes sometidos a cirugía dentro de los 60 días tenían aproximadamente un 95% de probabilidad de no aumentar el riesgo inicial de recurrencia. Esta cifra cayó al 80%, 70% y 50% en los pacientes operados hasta 100, 120 y 180 días, respectivamente. Conclusión: El retraso en la realización de la PR representa un riesgo continuo de restablecimiento de la neoplasia. El momento ideal para la PR es hasta los 60 días desde la biopsia de próstata, ya que la probabilidad de upstaging es inferior al 5% en este periodo.
Subject(s)
Prostatectomy , Prostatic Neoplasms , Disease Progression , Time-to-Treatment , Neoplasm Recurrence, LocalABSTRACT
Objetivo: identificar o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico de pacientes na primeira consulta com a equipe de Cuidados Paliativos. Método: estudo transversal, desenvolvido com pacientes que compareceram à primeira consulta com a equipe de Cuidados Paliativos. Utilizou-se formulário com variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas, a Escala de Desempenho em Cuidados Paliativos versão 2 e a Escala de Avaliação de Sintomas de Edmonton. Adotaram-se testes não paramétricos de Man-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: a maioria dos participantes foi do sexo feminino, com idade média de 66,6 anos, com diagnóstico oncológico, que apresentavam metástases e baixo desempenho funcional e que foram submetidos, previamente, a quimioterapia, radioterapia e/ ou cirurgia. Conclusão: os pacientes encaminhados para a primeira consulta com a equipe ambulatorial de Cuidados Paliativos caracterizaram-se pela baixa capacidade funcional
Objetivo: identificar el perfil sociodemográfico y clínico de los pacientes en la primera consulta con el equipo de Cuidados Paliativos. Método: estudio transversal, desarrollado con pacientes que acudieron a su primera consulta con el equipo de Cuidados Paliativos. Se utilizó un formulario con variables sociodemográficas y clínicas y la versión brasileña de la Escala de Desempeño Paliativo y la Escala de Evaluación de Síntomas de Edmonton. Se adoptaron las pruebas no paramétricas de Man-Whitney y Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: la mayoría de los participantes fueron del sexo femenino, con edad promedio de 66,6 años, con diagnóstico oncológico, que presentaban metástasis y bajo rendimiento funcional y que habían sido sometidos previamente a quimioterapia, radioterapia y/o cirugía. Conclusión: los pacientes remitidos para la primera consulta al equipo de Cuidados Paliativos ambulatorios se caracterizaron por tener baja capacidad funcional
Objective: to identify the sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients in the first consultation with the Palliative Care team. Method: a cross-sectional study, developed with patients who attended their first consultation with the Palliative Care team. A form with sociodemographic and clinical variables and the Brazilian version of the Palliative Performance Scale and the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale were used. Non-parametric Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were adopted. Results: the majority of participants were female, with an average age of 66.6 years, with an oncological diagnosis, who had metastases and low functional performance, and who had previously undergone chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and/or surgery. Conclusion: patients referred for the first consultation with the outpatient Palliative Care team were characterized by low functional capacity
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Palliative Care/trends , Disease Progression , Nursing CareABSTRACT
Introducción: En Uruguay el cáncer de próstata ocupa el primer lugar en incidencia y el tercer lugar en mortalidad en el hombre. La mayoría de estos cánceres se diagnostican en estadios precoces. Hoy en día, para pacientes con adenocarcinoma de muy bajo riesgo, bajo riesgo o riesgo intermedio favorable, la vigilancia activa es una opción adecuada. Objetivos: Describir una población de pacientes con cáncer de próstata de muy bajo riesgo, bajo riesgo o riesgo intermedio favorable, en vigilancia activa en COMERI. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, observacional, retrospectivo. Se incluyeron pacientes con cáncer de próstata de muy bajo riesgo, bajo riesgo o riesgo intermedio favorable, tratados entre 2010 y 2018 en COMERI. Se recopilaron datos en el sistema de registro clínico electrónico. Resultados: Se incluyeron 33 pacientes, la mediana de edad al diagnóstico fue de 74 años. Todos los pacientes fueron sometidos a controles clínicos y determinación de PSA cada 3 meses. El tacto rectal se realizó en forma anual. El tiempo mediano de vigilancia activa fue de 33 meses. Durante el seguimiento, se observaron pocas variaciones en los valores de PSA. El 21% de los pacientes fue sometido a una nueva biopsia durante el seguimiento activo, y en todos los casos, el Gleason se mantuvo incambiado. Ningún paciente abandonó la modalidad de vigilancia activa. Conclusión: En nuestro entorno, la vigilancia activa se considera una opción terapéutica válida para pacientes altamente seleccionados con cáncer de próstata de muy bajo riesgo, bajo riesgo o riesgo intermedio favorable, y es bien aceptada por ellos.
Introduction: In Uruguay, prostate cancer ranks first in incidence and third in mortality among men. The majority of these cancers are diagnosed at early stages. Nowadays, active surveillance is an appropriate option for patients with adenocarcinoma of very low risk, low risk, or favorable intermediate risk. Objectives: To describe a population of patients with prostate cancer of very low risk, low risk, or favorable intermediate risk under active surveillance at COMERI. Materials and Methods: Descriptive, observational, retrospective study. Patients with prostate cancer of very low risk, low risk, or favorable intermediate risk treated between 2010 and 2018 at COMERI were included. Data were collected from the electronic clinical registry system. Results: Thirty-three patients were included, with a median age at diagnosis of 74 years. All patients underwent clinical monitoring and PSA determination every 3 months. Digital rectal examination was performed annually. The median time of active surveillance was 33 months. During follow-up, there were few variations in PSA values. 21% of patients underwent a repeat biopsy during active surveillance, and in all cases, the Gleason score remained unchanged. No patient discontinued active surveillance. Conclusion: In our setting, active surveillance is considered a valid therapeutic option for highly selected patients with prostate cancer of very low risk, low risk, or favorable intermediate risk, and it is well accepted by them.
Introdução: No Uruguai, o câncer de próstata ocupa o primeiro lugar em incidência e o terceiro lugar em mortalidade entre os homens. A maioria desses cânceres é diagnosticada em estágios precoces. Atualmente, para pacientes com adenocarcinoma de risco muito baixo, baixo risco ou risco intermediário favorável, a vigilância ativa é uma opção adequada. Objetivos: Descrever uma população de pacientes com câncer de próstata de risco muito baixo, baixo risco ou risco intermediário favorável sob vigilância ativa em COMERI. Material e métodos: Estudo descritivo, observacional, retrospectivo. Foram incluídos pacientes com câncer de próstata de risco muito baixo, baixo risco ou risco intermediário favorável, tratados entre 2010 e 2018 em COMERI. Os dados foram coletados no sistema de registro clínico eletrônico. Resultados: Foram incluídos 33 pacientes, com mediana de idade no diagnóstico de 74 anos. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a controles clínicos e determinação de PSA a cada 3 meses. O toque retal foi realizado anualmente. O tempo médio de vigilância ativa foi de 33 meses. Durante o acompanhamento, houve poucas variações nos valores de PSA. 21% dos pacientes foram submetidos a uma nova biópsia durante a vigilância ativa, e em todos os casos, o Gleason permaneceu inalterado. Nenhum paciente abandonou a modalidade de vigilância ativa. Conclusão: Em nosso ambiente, a vigilância ativa é considerada uma opção terapêutica válida para pacientes altamente selecionados com câncer de próstata de risco muito baixo, baixo risco ou risco intermediário favorável, e é bem aceita por eles.
Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Prostatic Neoplasms/therapy , Adenocarcinoma/therapy , Disease Progression , Watchful Waiting , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Patient Selection , OctogenariansABSTRACT
La osteomielitis (OM) se define como la inflamación ósea de origen infeccioso. La forma aguda es frecuente en la edad pediátrica. El absceso de Brodie es un tipo de osteomielitis subaguda, históricamente con baja incidencia, pero que actualmente se presenta un aumento de la misma. De poca repercusión clínica, con pruebas de laboratorio inespecíficas y estudios radiológicos de difícil interpretación, es crucial la sospecha diagnóstica. Se asemeja a procesos neoplásicos, benignos o malignos. Recae en la experiencia del profesional realizar el diagnóstico adecuado. El tratamiento consiste en antibioticoterapia, tanto parenteral como por vía oral, y eventualmente drenaje quirúrgico. Presentamos una paciente sana que consultó por una tumoración en topografía de clavícula izquierda de 3 meses de evolución. Se realizó diagnóstico de absceso de Brodie, inició tratamiento y se obtuvo una buena respuesta. Resulta imprescindible tener un alto índice de sospecha de esta entidad para no someter al paciente a estudios, pruebas invasivas o tratamientos erróneos, y evitar secuelas a futuro.
Osteomyelitis is defined as an inflammation of the bone caused by infection. Acute osteomyelitis is common in pediatrics. A Brodie abscess is a type of subacute osteomyelitis, with a historically low incidence; however, its incidence is currently increasing. Given its little clinical impact, with non-specific laboratory tests and radiological studies of difficult interpretation, diagnostic suspicion is crucial. It resembles neoplasms, either benign or malignant. An adequate diagnosis falls on the health care provider's experience. Treatment consists of antibiotics, both parenteral and oral, with potential surgical drainage. Here we describe the case of a healthy female patient with a tumor found in the topography of the left clavicle 3 months before. She was diagnosed with Brodie abscess; treatment was started with a good response. A high index of suspicion of Brodie abscess is critical to avoid invasive tests and studies or inadequate treatments, and to prevent future sequelae.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Osteomyelitis/drug therapy , Osteomyelitis/therapy , Abscess/drug therapy , Clavicle , Disease Progression , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the clinical and molecular biological characteristics of patients with accelerated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (aCLL) . Methods: From January 2020 to October 2022, the data of 13 patients diagnosed with aCLL at The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were retrospectively analyzed to explore the clinical and molecular biological characteristics of aCLL. Results: The median age of the patients was 54 (35-72) years. Prior to aCLL, five patients received no treatment for CLL/small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), while the other patients received treatment, predominantly with BTK inhibitors. The patients were diagnosed with aCLL through pathological confirmation upon disease progression. Six patients exhibited bulky disease (lesions with a maximum diameter ≥5 cm). Positron emission tomography (PET) -computed tomography (CT) images revealed metabolic heterogeneity, both between and within lesions, and the median maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the lesion with the most elevated metabolic activity was 6.96 (2.51-11.90). Patients with unmutated IGHV CLL accounted for 76.9% (10/13), and the most frequent genetic and molecular aberrations included +12 [3/7 (42.9% ) ], ATM mutation [6/12 (50% ) ], and NOTCH1 mutation [6/12 (50% ) ]. Twelve patients received subsequent treatment. The overall response rate was 91.7%, and the complete response rate was 58.3%. Five patients experienced disease progression, among which two patients developed Richter transformation. Patients with aCLL with KRAS mutation had worse progression-free survival (7.0 month vs 26.3 months, P=0.015) . Conclusion: Patients with aCLL exhibited a clinically aggressive course, often accompanied by unfavorable prognostic factors, including unmutated IGHV, +12, ATM mutation, and NOTCH1 mutation. Patients with CLL/SLL with clinical suspicion of disease progression, especially those with bulky disease and PET-CT SUVmax ≥5, should undergo biopsy at the site of highest metabolic uptake to establish a definitive pathological diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Aged , Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography , Retrospective Studies , Biopsy , Disease ProgressionABSTRACT
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a type of metabolic stress liver injury that is closely associated with insulin resistance and genetic susceptibility. The continuum of liver injury in NAFLD can range from nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and even lead to cirrhosis and liver cancer. The pathogenesis of NAFLD is complicated. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, lipotoxicity, and gut bacterial metabolites play a key role in activating liver-resident macrophages (Kupffer cells, KCs) and recruiting circulating monocyte-derived macrophages (MoDMacs) to deposit fat in the liver. With the application of single-cell RNA-sequencing, significant heterogeneity in hepatic macrophages has been revealed, suggesting that KCs and MoDMacs located in the liver exert distinct functions in regulating liver inflammation and NASH progression. This study focuses on the role of macrophage heterogeneity in the development and occurrence of NAFLD and NASH, in view of the fact that innate immunity plays a key role in the development of NAFLD.
Subject(s)
Humans , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/pathology , Liver/pathology , Macrophages/metabolism , Liver Cirrhosis/complications , Disease ProgressionABSTRACT
BACKGROUND@#The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 2017 proposed a new classification that reclassified many chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients from group D to B. However, there is a paucity of data related to the comparison between reclassified and non-reclassified COPD patients in terms of long-term prognosis. This study aimed to investigate long-term outcomes of them and determine whether the GOLD 2017 revision improved the assessment of COPD patients.@*METHODS@#This observational, multicenter, prospective study recruited outpatients at 12 tertiary hospitals in China from November 2016 to February 2018 and followed them up until February 2022. All enrolled patients were classified into groups A to D based on GOLD 2017, and the subjects in group B included patients reclassified from group D to B (group DB) and those remaining in group B (group BB). Incidence rates and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated for the exacerbation of COPD and hospitalization in each group.@*RESULTS@#We included and followed up 845 patients. During the first year of follow-up, the GOLD 2017 classification had a better discrimination ability for different risks of COPD exacerbation and hospitalization than GOLD 2013. Group DB was associated with a higher risk of moderate-to-severe exacerbation (HR = 1.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.37-2.59, P <0.001) and hospitalization for COPD exacerbation (HR = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.29-3.85, P = 0.004) than group BB. However, during the last year of follow-up, the differences in the risks of frequent exacerbations and hospitalizations between group DB and BB were not statistically significant (frequent exacerbations: HR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.51-2.03, P = 0.955; frequent hospitalizations: HR = 1.66, 95% CI = 0.58-4.78, P = 0.348). The mortality rates of the two groups were both approximately 9.0% during the entire follow-up period.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The long-term prognosis of patients reclassified into group B and of those remaining in group B was similar, although patients reclassified from group D to group B had worse short-term outcomes. The GOLD 2017 revision could improve the assessment of Chinese COPD patients in terms of long-term prognosis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Prospective Studies , East Asian People , Disease Progression , Severity of Illness Index , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Iron metabolism is involved in the development and drug resistance of many malignancies, including multiple myeloma (MM). Based on recent studies on iron metabolism and MM, this paper reviews the relationship between iron metabolism and disease process of MM in terms of iron overload leading to ferroptosis in MM cells, the role of iron deficiency in oxidative respiration and proliferation of MM cells, and the interaction between ferroptosis and autophagy in the disease process. The mechanisms by which iron metabolism-related substances lead to MM cells' resistance to proteasome inhibitors (PI) through inducing redox imbalance and M2 macrophage polarization are also briefly described, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the application of iron metabolism-related drugs to the clinical treatment of MM patients.
Subject(s)
Humans , Autophagy , Disease Progression , Iron/metabolism , Multiple Myeloma , Drug Resistance, NeoplasmABSTRACT
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is currently prevalent in populations throughout the world, and 56%-94% of the global population is seropositive for CMV. CMV infection mainly affects immunocompromised hosts. In these cases, it can cause significant symptoms, tissue-invasive disease, and many sequelae including death (Dioverti and Razonable, 2016). The vast majority of healthy adults with CMV infection experience an asymptomatic course; when symptomatic, it manifests as a mononucleosis-like syndrome in approximately 10% of patients (Sridhar et al., 2018). The gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system appear to be the most frequent sites of severe CMV infection in immunocompetent individuals (Rafailidis et al., 2008). However, CMV infection is relatively rarely recorded in immunocompetent hosts.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/complications , Cytomegalovirus Infections/diagnosis , Gastrointestinal Tract , Disease ProgressionABSTRACT
Background Hospitalizations for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations frequently occur in Thailand. National trends in hospital outcomes are essential for planning preventive strategies within the healthcare system. We examined temporal trends in in-hospital outcomes, including mortality rate, length of stay (LOS), and expenses for reimbursement in adults hospitalized for asthma and COPD exacerbations in southern Thailand.Methods A retrospective, population-based study on adults hospitalized for exacerbations of asthma and COPD was carried out using data from the National Health Security Office in southern Thailand. Baseline demographic and in-hospital outcome assessments were conducted on 19,459 and 66,457 hospitalizations for asthma and COPD, respectively, between 2017 and 2021.Results Significant reductions in hospital admissions for exacerbations of asthma and COPD were observed over time, particularly in 2020/2021. From 2017 to 2021, the in-hospital mortality rate for asthma rose from 3.2 to 3.7 deaths per 1,000 admissions (P<0.05). The rates for COPD admissions, on the other hand, reduced from 20.3 to 16.4 deaths per 1,000 admissions between 2017 and 2020, but subsequently increased to 21.8 in 2021 (P<0.05). The prominent contributor to the higher mortality rate was found to be increasing age. Nonetheless, the average LOS for both asthma and COPD decreased slightly over the study period. The total expenses for reimbursing exacerbations of asthma and COPD per hospitalisation have risen significantly each year, with a particularly notable increase in 2020/2021.Conclusion During 2017-2021, exacerbations of asthma and COPD in Thailand continued to account for significant in-hospital mortality rates and reimbursement expenses, despite the overall decrease in hospitalizations and slight fluctuations in the LOS.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Retrospective Studies , Hospital Mortality , Thailand/epidemiology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive , Asthma/epidemiology , Hospitals , Disease ProgressionABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the fetal and maternal outcomes, risk factors of disease progression and adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) in patients with undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD).@*METHODS@#This retrospective study described the outcomes of 106 pregnancies in patients with UCTD. The patients were divided into APOs group (n=53) and non-APOs group (n=53). The APOs were defined as miscarriage, premature birth, pre-eclampsia, premature rupture of membranes (PROM), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), and stillbirth, small for gestational age infant (SGA), low birth weight infant (LBW) and birth defects. The differences in clinical manifestations, laboratory data and pregnancy outcomes between the two groups were compared. Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the risk factors for APOs and the progression of UCTD to definitive CTD.@*RESULTS@#There were 99 (93.39%) live births, 4 (3.77%) stillbirths and 3 (2.83%) miscarriage, 20 (18.86%) preterm delivery, 6 (5.66%) SGA, 17 (16.03%) LBW, 11 (10.37%) pre-eclampsia, 7 (6.60%) cases IUGR, 19 (17.92%) cases PROM, 10 (9.43%) cases PPH. Compared with the patients without APOs, the patients with APOs had a higher positive rate of anti-SSA antibodies (73.58% vs. 54.71%, P=0.036), higher rate of leukopenia (15.09% vs. 3.77%, P=0.046), lower haemoglobin level [109.00 (99.50, 118.00) g/L vs. 124.00 (111.50, 132.00) g/L, P < 0.001].Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that leucopenia (OR=0.82, 95%CI: 0.688-0.994) was an independent risk factors for APOs in UCTD (P=0.042). Within a mean follow-up time of 5.00 (3.00, 7.00) years, the rate of disease progression to a definite CTD was 14.15%, including 8 (7.54%) Sjögren's syndrome, 4 (3.77%) systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 4 (3.77%) rheumatoid arthritis and 1 (0.94%) mixed connective tissue disease. Multivariate Cox proportional risk regression analysis showed that Raynaud phenomenon (HR=40.157, 95%CI: 3.172-508.326) was an independent risk factor for progression to SLE.@*CONCLUSION@#Leukopenia is an independent risk factor for the development of APOs in patients with UCTD. Raynaud's phenmon is a risk factor for the progression of SLE. Tight disease monitoring and regular follow-up are the key measures to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes and predict disease progression in UCTD patients with pregnancy.
Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Female , Humans , Pregnancy Outcome , Retrospective Studies , Abortion, Spontaneous/etiology , Undifferentiated Connective Tissue Diseases , Pre-Eclampsia/epidemiology , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic , Risk Factors , Leukopenia , Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology , Disease Progression , Connective Tissue Diseases/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Introduction: Sickle cell disease is the most common hereditary hemoglobin disorder in the world, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical presentation and management challenges of sickle cell disease in the towns of Beni and Butembo, in North Kivu province. Method: We conducted a descriptive study of patients aged 3 months to 17 years with suspected sickle cell disease from August 1, 2021 to January 31, 2022 in the towns of Beni and Butembo. The following variables were systematically collected: sociodemographic data, nutritional status, medical history, level of education, current treatments, and diagnosis. Diagnosis was confirmed by HemoTypeSCTM (a rapid diagnostic test). Results: Of 157 participants, 58 (36.9%) were homozygous, including 23 boys (40%) and 35 girls (60%). Dactylitis was the most frequent initial sign (43.1%). In the medical history, 76% had received at least one blood transfusion; 93.1% had had at least one vaso-occlusive crisis and 70.7% recurrent infections. The most frequent clinical findings were: undernutrition (86.2%), hepatomegaly (67.2%), jaundice (44.8%), facial dysmorphia (10.3%) and splenomegaly (8.6%). In terms of management, 95% of eligible patients were not on penicillin prophylaxis, 5.2% were taking regular hydroxyurea, while 37.9% were taking daily folic acid and 15% were adhering to the recommended lifestyle and diet. Conclusion: Sickle cell disease is an important but little-known problem in Beni and Butembo, in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The clinical course of patients is compromised by an often late diagnosis and non-standardized management
Introduction : La drépanocytose est la maladie héréditaire de l'hémoglobine la plus répandue dans le monde, en particulier en Afrique subsaharienne. Cette étude visait à décrire la présentation clinique et les défis de la prise en charge de la drépanocytose dans les villes de Beni et Butembo, en province du Nord-Kivu. Méthode : Nous avons mené une étude descriptive auprès des patients âgés de 3 mois à 17 ans suspects de drépanocytose du 1er août 2021 au 31 janvier 2022 dans les villes de Beni et Butembo. Les variables suivantes ont été systématiquement collectées : données sociodémographiques, état nutritionnel, antécédents médicaux, niveau d'éducation, traitements en cours, et diagnostic. Nous avons confirmé le diagnostic par l'HemoTypeSCTM (un test de diagnostic rapide). Résultats : De 157 participants, 58 (36,9%) étaient homozygotes dont 23 garçons (40 %) et 35 filles (60%). La dactylite était le signe initial le plus fréquent (43,1 %). Dans les antécédents médicaux, 76 % avaient reçu au moins une transfusion sanguine ; 93,1 % avaient présenté au moins une crise vaso-occlusive et 70,7 % des infections à répétition. Les constations cliniques les plus fréquentes étaient : la dénutrition (86,2 %), l'hépatomégalie (67,2 %), l'ictère (44,8 %), la dysmorphie faciale (10,3 %) et la splénomégalie (8,6 %). Dans la prise en charge, 95 % des patients éligibles n'étaient pas sous prophylaxie à la pénicilline, 5,2 % prenaient régulièrement de l'hydroxyurée, tandis que 37,9 % prenaient quotidiennement de l'acide folique et 15 % respectaient le mode de vie et le régime recommandés. Conclusion : La drépanocytose est un problème important mais peu connu à Beni et à Butembo, en République Démocratique du Congo. L'évolution clinique des patients est compromise par un diagnostic souvent tardif et une prise en charge non standardisée
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Therapeutics , Blood Transfusion , Hemoglobins , Nutritional Status , Disease Progression , Malnutrition , Rapid Diagnostic Tests , Genetic Diseases, Inborn , Anemia, Sickle Cell , JaundiceABSTRACT
Introduction: A cluster of pneumonia cases of unknown origin was first reported in Wuhan China then the causative pathogen was identified and named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov2) and the associated disease was named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection of lung abnormalities but it has a role in disease progression and also in the late stages of COVID19. This study aims to evaluate the value of baseline radiographs in COVID-19-infected patients. Method: This is a retrospective study of COVID-19 patients with RT-PCR confirmation who were admitted to Eka Kotebe General Hospital and had baseline chest x-ray between April and May 2020. Baseline chest x-ray of all patients who have confirmed COVID-19 infection was reviewed and analyzed. Result: The study included 355 patients, 224 (63.1%) were male and 131 (36.9%) were female. Patient age ranged from 4 - 82 years with a mean age of 35. Two hundred twelve patients were symptomatic; the rest 143 were asymptomatic. Of the 355 baseline CXR, only 60 (16.9%) had abnormal radiographs and the rest 295 (83.1%) had normal radiographs. A combination of interstitial changes and GGO were the predominant descriptive finding accounting for 33.3% . Conclusion: Even if chest radiographs are important in the workup of patients with COVID-19 infection, the use of baseline radiographs in COVID-19 infection should not be a routine practice. Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact the rates of normal baseline imaging.
Subject(s)
Male , Female , Disease Progression , Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome , Surveys and Questionnaires , Sensitivity and Specificity , Pandemics , COVID-19ABSTRACT
RESUMO Objetivo. Atualizar o mapa de evidências sobre os efeitos de intervenções para reabilitação de covid-19 pós-aguda. Métodos. O escopo da busca foi definido conforme a população (pacientes que tiveram covid-19 sintomática e sequelas da doença pós-aguda), o contexto (intervenções para recuperação das sequelas) e o tipo de estudo (revisão sistemática, revisão sistemática rápida, revisão de escopo ou revisão de revisões). Após a busca na PubMed e na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, dois autores independentes selecionaram estudos de revisão. A atualização do mapa feita em 27 de julho de 2022 seguiu os mesmos procedimentos descritos anteriormente. Resultados. O mapa inicial de evidências continha 22 estudos (quatro revisões sistemáticas, quatro revisões rápidas, quatro revisões de estudos de caso, uma revisão de escopo e nove protocolos de revisão sistemática). Nesta atualização, outros 10 estudos foram incluídos. Foram identificados quatro grupos de intervenções (multimodal, terapêutica, terapias complementares e farmacológica) e sete grupos de desfechos (condições patológicas, doenças/transtornos respiratórios, dor, indicadores fisiológicos e metabólicos, saúde mental/qualidade de vida, funções sensoriais, mortalidade), totalizando 166 associações entre intervenções e desfechos. As terapias complementares tiveram mais associações com os desfechos (n = 94). Entre os desfechos, destacaram-se os indicadores fisiológicos e metabólicos, as condições patológicas e a saúde mental/qualidade de vida (44, 41 e 35 associações, respectivamente). Conclusões. Na atualização do mapa, analisaram-se 69 associações, com destaque para exercício (isolado, multicomponente ou intervenção multimodal, apresentando 23 efeitos positivos e quatro potencialmente positivos) e intervenções farmacológicas e terapias complementares para funções sensoriais (15 associações). O alto número de protocolos indica que a literatura permanece incipiente.
ABSTRACT Objective. To update the evidence map on the effects of interventions for post-acute COVID-19 rehabilitation. Method. The search scope was defined according to the population (patients with symptomatic COVID-19 and post-acute COVID sequelae), the context (interventions for rehabilitation), and the type of study (systematic reviews, rapid reviews, scoping reviews or overviews of reviews). Following a search in PubMed and the Virtual Health Library, two independent authors selected the articles for review. The map was updated on July 27, 2022, using the same procedures employed in the initial review. Results. The initial evidence map included 22 studies (four systematic reviews, four rapid reviews, four reviews of case reports, one scoping review, and nine systematic review protocols). In the present update, an additional 10 studies were included. The analysis revealed four groups of interventions (multimodal, therapeutic, complementary, and pharmacological) and seven groups of outcomes (pathological conditions, diseases/respiratory disorders, pain, physiological and metabolic markers, mental health/quality of life, sensory function, and mortality), totaling 166 associations between interventions and outcomes. The highest number of associations was observed for complementary therapies (n = 94). Among the outcomes, the highest number of associations was observed for physiological and metabolic markers, pathological conditions, and mental health/quality of life (44, 41, and 35 associations respectively). Conclusions. The map update involved the analysis of 69 associations, most notably exercise (isolated, multicomponent, or multimodal intervention), with 23 positive and four potentially positive effects) and pharmacologic and complementary therapies for sensorial functions (15 associations). The high number of systematic review protocols indicates that the literature is still incipient.
RESUMEN Objetivo. Actualizar el mapa de evidencia de los efectos de las intervenciones de rehabilitación tras la COVID-19 aguda. Métodos. El alcance de la búsqueda se definió en función de la población (pacientes que habían tenido COVID-19 sintomática y secuelas tras un cuadro agudo de la enfermedad), el contexto (intervenciones de recuperación de las secuelas) y el tipo de estudio (revisión sistemática, revisión sistemática rápida, revisión del alcance o revisión de revisiones). Después de realizar búsquedas en PubMed y en la Biblioteca Virtual de Salud, dos autores independientes seleccionaron los estudios de revisión. En la actualización del mapa realizada el 27 de julio del 2022 se siguieron los mismos procedimientos descritos anteriormente. Resultados. El mapa de evidencia inicial contenía 22 estudios (cuatro revisiones sistemáticas, cuatro revisiones rápidas, cuatro revisiones de estudios de casos, una revisión del alcance y nueve protocolos de revisión sistemática). En esta actualización se incluyeron otros 10 estudios. Se encontraron cuatro grupos de intervenciones (multimodales y terapéuticas, y tratamientos complementarios y farmacológicos) y siete grupos de resultados (afecciones patológicas, enfermedades y trastornos respiratorios, dolor, indicadores fisiológicos y metabólicos, salud mental/calidad de vida, funciones sensoriales y mortalidad), con un total de 166 asociaciones entre las intervenciones y los resultados. Los tratamientos complementarios presentaron más asociaciones con los resultados (n = 94). Entre los resultados, se destacaron los indicadores fisiológicos y metabólicos, las afecciones patológicas y la salud mental/calidad de vida (44, 41 y 35 asociaciones, respectivamente). Conclusiones. En la actualización del mapa, se analizaron 69 asociaciones entre las cuales se destacan el ejercicio (aislado o compuesto o una intervención multimodal, con 23 efectos positivos y cuatro potencialmente positivos) y las intervenciones farmacológicas y los tratamientos complementarios para las funciones sensoriales (15 asociaciones). El elevado número de protocolos indica que la bibliografía sigue siendo incipiente.
Subject(s)
Humans , Evidence-Based Medicine/methods , Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome/rehabilitation , Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information , Disease Progression , Systematic Reviews as TopicABSTRACT
La osteonecrosis múltiple es una entidad poco frecuente que se define por el compromiso de al menos tres regiones diferentes. Es indispensable el abordaje multidisciplinario de los pacientes que la padecen tanto para el diagnóstico como el tratamiento oportuno. Presentamos el caso clínico de un paciente joven que presenta una osteonecrosis múltiple con compromiso de ambas caderas, hombros, rodillas, codo derecho y cuello de pie izquierdo. El principal factor de riesgo presente en nuestro caso es el consumo de glucocorticoides.
Multiple osteonecrosis is a rare entity that is defined by the involvement of at least three different regions. A multidisciplinary approach to patients who suffer from it is essential for both diagnosis and timely treatment. We present the clinical case of a young patient who presented multiple osteonecrosis with involvement of both hips, shoulders, knees, right elbow, and neck of the left foot. The main risk factor present in our case is the consumption of glucocorticoids.
A osteonecrose múltipla é uma entidade rara que se define pelo envolvimento de pelo menos três regiões diferentes. Uma abordagem multidisciplinar aos pacientes que sofrem com isso é essencial para o diagnóstico e tratamento oportuno. Apresentamos o caso clínico de um paciente jovem que apresenta osteonecrose múltipla envolvendo quadris, ombros, joelhos, cotovelo direito e pescoço do pé esquerdo. O principal fator de risco presente no nosso caso é o consumo de glicocorticóides.