Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 67
Filter
2.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1449928

ABSTRACT

Apreciado editor: Cuba impulsa la construcción de un sistema de gobierno que tiene entre sus intereses fundamentales el desarrollo de la ciencia y la innovación, escenario en el que las instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) constituyen actores fundamentales. En este sentido, las publicaciones seriadas aportan un inmejorable espacio para la comunicación científica escrita de los resultados investigativos, al propiciar la interacción, retroalimentación y discusión entre lectores a nivel global y ser garantes de una mayor visibilidad para los hallazgos en los disímiles campos de la ciencia.1 En ello, no solo intervienen los profesionales que investigan, sino también la comunidad de pregrado que incursiona en este proceso sustantivo universitario y socializa la ciencia generada a través de sus 17 revistas científicas estudiantiles (RCE). Actualmente, uno de los principales escollos que combaten las RCE cubanas es el concerniente a la visibilidad e impacto de sus publicaciones. Al respecto, en una carta al editor publicada en 2019 Vera-Rivero y otros2 destacan la negativa del Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología y Medio Ambiente(CITMA) a su certificación; así como la escasa o ausente indexación en bases de datos de prestigio internacional. Tales elementos también suscitaron un profundo y enriquecedor debate en el contexto del décimo congreso de la FEU. La Certificación de Publicación Seriada Científico-Tecnológica que otorga el CITMA reconoce, oficialmente, en todo el territorio nacional el carácter científico-tecnológico de una publicación seriada y contribuye a su homologación internacional. Según el artículo 3 de la Resolución No. 59/20033 que rige este proceso, la certificación puede ser otorgada a toda publicación seriada, en soporte de papel o electrónico, en cualquiera de sus modalidades, siempre que cumpla con los requisitos detallados en el artículo 20 de la mencionada resolución. Resulta necesario destacar que, en la actualidad, aunque existen RCE cubanas que cumplen con los requisitos que demanda esta certificación, ninguna la posee. Por otra parte, el posicionamiento de las revistas científicas en índices, repositorios o bases de datos de alto impacto es vital para la reputación y alcance de los documentos publicados en estas.4 En el contexto internacional existen diversos Sistemas de Indexación y Resumen (SIR). Algunos de los de mayor reconocimiento y de alcance multidisciplinar son: Dialnet, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Fuente Académica, Latindex, Scopus, Redalyc, Red Iberoamericana de Innovación y Conocimiento Científico (REDIB), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) y Web of Science (WoS), los cuales coadyuvan a visibilizar los trabajos publicados en las revistas y, por lo tanto, resultan de gran utilidad para la difusión internacional de sus contenidos.5 Para los estudiantes universitarios cubanos y los equipos editoriales de las RCE el posicionamiento de estas en bases de datos de prestigio supondría, entre otros beneficios: Un mayor impacto de su producción científica a nivel internacional. Un mayor reconocimiento de las RCE, así como de las IES a las que tributan en función del desarrollo científico desde el pregrado. Una mayor probabilidad para los artículos publicados de ser consultados y, en consecuencia, potencialmente citados. Una mayor credibilidad para el trabajo desarrollado por los equipos editoriales. Cuba ostenta el honor de formar parte de SciELO, a través de la Colección SciELO Cuba. Según el documento Criterios, políticas y procedimientos para la admisión y permanencia de revistas en la Colección SciELO Cuba,6 las revistas que realicen la solicitud de indexación deben identificarse con las siguientes características: Carácter científico, es decir, que comunican la investigación original en alineamiento progresivo con las prácticas de la ciencia abierta. Las revistas de divulgación no son evaluadas. Relevancia, sostenibilidad operativa y financiera, calificación editorial en función de evaluar, comunicar y promover la investigación en ciertas materias, disciplinas o áreas temáticas. Contribución al desempeño del área temática respectiva en la colección. Adopción de estándares de comunicación científica y buenas prácticas. A pesar de la madurez mostrada por las RCE en cuanto a la evolución de sus resultados, con un mayor reconocimiento del sector universitario en Cuba y otros países, así como la indexación en otras bases de datos de prestigio internacional, estas publicaciones seriadas se han visto restringidas en su ingreso a la red SciELO, aun cuando cuentan con un comité evaluador regional. Sin embargo, llama la atención la presencia de otras RCE -declaradas como tal y con características similares a sus homólogas cubanas- en SciELO. Por ejemplo, Revista Científica Ciencia Médica (https://rccm-umss.com/index.php/revistacientificacienciamedica), órgano de difusión oficial de la Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Facultad de Medicina "Dr. Aurelio Melean" de la Universidad Mayor de San Simón, se encuentra en SciELO Bolivia. Revista Científica CIMEL (http://www.cimel.felsocem.net/index.php/CIMEL/index), publicación oficial de la Federación Latinoamericana de Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina (FELSOSEM), pertenece a SciELO Perú. Revista MÉDICAS UIS de los Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Industrial de Santander (https://revistas.uis.edu.co/index.php/revistamedicasuis/about), indexada en SciELO Colombia. De este modo, resulta inevitable para los autores de esta misiva cuestionarse: ¿por qué ninguna de las RCE cubanas se encuentra certificada por el CITMA o indexada en la Colección SciELO Cuba? Coincidimos con Piezzi7 en destacar que, como los países de América Latina constituyen la periferia de la producción científica mundial o la ciencia perdida del tercer mundo, resulta acuciante poder ofrecer a los autores revistas acreditadas y de calidad, capaces de difundir con idoneidad, eficacia y velocidad las propias investigaciones. El ingreso de las RCE cubanas a bases de datos de prestigio, así como su pleno reconocimiento por organismos nacionales, significaría un inestimable avance en ese empeño. Queda a la medida de las problemáticas analizadas en el presente artículo, lo señalado por Rodríguez-García al plantear que en la uniformidad de oportunidades, la organización, la estandarización y la integración están las premisas para fomentar la visibilidad y la calidad de la publicación (…) cubana.8(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Serial Publications/standards , Education, Premedical , Scientific and Technical Publications , Cuba
3.
Educ. med. super ; 36(1)mar. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1404533

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La formación del capital humano en salud y, por tanto, la del médico no están estructuradas sobre la base de competencias profesionales, a pesar de su importancia en la educación del hombre y estar contempladas en el propósito básico de la carrera de Medicina. Objetivo: Exponer mediante análisis crítico las potencialidades del diseño curricular basado en competencias profesionales desde las asignaturas de Propedéutica Clínica y Medicina Interna en la carrera de Medicina. Desarrollo: Se aborda cómo el proceso de formación del pregrado requiere redimensionamiento y perfeccionamiento curricular, con mayor aproximación al objeto de la profesión, a través de la formación por competencias. Además, cómo aprovechar la educación en el trabajo en Propedéutica Clínica y Medicina Interna, esenciales y rectoras, mediante el pase de visita y la discusión diagnóstica, que constituyen ambientes inapreciables para desarrollar la formación por competencias, donde el método clínico tiene su cimiento más sólido. De manera que la formación por competencias se convierta en instrumento esencial para el perfeccionamiento en el campo educacional y represente una propuesta útil avalada por prestigiosos organismos internacionales, que urge generalizar en pos del mejoramiento continuo de la educación. Conclusiones: La estructuración de un plan de estudio basado en competencias profesionales puede respaldar resultados formativos superiores, para lograr un egresado universitario más preparado, trascendente y comprometido con la sociedad, que sea capaz de cumplir mejor el encargo social del sistema de salud cubano(AU)


Introduction: The formation of human resources in health and, subsequently, that of the physician are not structured on the basis of professional competences, despite their importance in the education of human beings and the fact that they are included in the basic purpose of the medical major. Objective: To expose, through critical analysis, the potentialities of the curricular design based on professional competences with respect to the subjects of Clinical Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine in the medical major. Development: This work addresses how the undergraduate training process requires redimensioning and improvement of its curricular design, with greater approximation to the object of the profession, through competence-based training. In addition, it addresses how to take advantage of education at work in the subjects of Clinical Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine, as far as they are both essential and guiding, by means of patients' visits and diagnostic discussions as invaluable settings for developing competence-based training, where the clinical method has its most solid foundation. Thus, competence-based training becomes an essential instrument for improvement in the educational field and represents a useful proposal endorsed by prestigious international organizations, which urgently needs to be generalized for the continuous improvement of education. Conclusions: The structuring of a study plan based on professional competences can support superior training outcomes, in view of achieving a more prepared university graduate, with a transcendent performance and committed to society, who is able to fulfill better the social task of the Cuban health system(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Preceptorship/methods , Professional Competence , Clinical Medicine/education , Education, Medical , Education, Premedical , Interprofessional Education/methods
4.
Rev. bras. educ. méd ; 45(1): e008, 2021. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1155897

ABSTRACT

Resumo: Introdução: Avaliar habilidades clínicas é um desafio no curso médico. A heterogeneidade na escolha dos pacientes somada à falta de critérios objetivos resultou em mudança metodológica para utilização do Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar se o OSCE resulta em distribuição de frequência de notas de desempenho de padrão gaussiano em comparação ao modelo tradicional. Método: Analisaram-se as notas de 239 estudantes da disciplina de Semiologia e Propedêutica de um curso de Medicina entre 2016 (modelo tradicional) e 2017 (OSCE) pelos testesKolmogorov-Smirnovbidimensional e t de Student para verificar a correlação delas com o coeficiente de rendimento (CR). Resultados: As notas da prova no modelo tradicional (p < 0,0001; KS = 0,1881) estão mais distantes da normalidade do que as da prova do modelo OSCE (p = 0,0010; KS = 0,1134) e são mais correlatas com o CR (p < 0,0001; r = 0,45) do que no modelo OSCE (p = 0,31; r = 0,06). Conclusão: O OSCE pode proporcionar informações mais fidedignas sobre o desempenho do estudante em estágios práticos do curso médico.


Abstract: Introduction: Assessing clinical skills represents a challenge in medical training. The heterogeneity in the selection of patients associated to a lack of objective criteria has resulted in a methodological shift toward using the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). Objective: This study aimed to identify whether the OSCE results in a Gaussian frequency distribution of performance assessment marks compared to the traditional model. Method: 239 students from the Semiotics module of the medicine course between 2016 (traditional model) and 2017 (OSCE) were analyzed using the two-dimensional Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Student's t-test for correlation with the performance coefficient (PC). Results: The test scores in the traditional model (p<0.0001; KS = 0.1881) are more discrepant in relation to the normal distribution than the OSCE test scores (p=0.0010; KS=0.1134) and show more correlation with the PC (p <0.0001; r = 0.45) than the OSCE model (p = 0.31; r=0.06). Conclusion: OSCE might provide a more accurate assessment of a student's performance during medical internship.


Subject(s)
Humans , Education, Premedical , Academic Performance , Statistics, Nonparametric , Educational Measurement/methods
5.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Clín. Méd ; 18(2): 82-86, abril/jun 2020.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1361361

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento de estudantes de medicina sobre o funcionamento do Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência. Métodos: Estudo observacional, transversal, descritivo e analítico. Foi utilizado um questionário semiestruturado e autorresponsivo aplicado a estudantes de medicina matriculados entre o primeiro e o quinto semestres de uma faculdade privada de Belém (PA), utilizando os métodos estatísticos teste do qui-quadrado de aderência e teste G de independência. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 139 discentes, com destaque para a maior participação dos acadêmicos do primeiro e do quinto período (p<0,0001). Houve diferença estatística apenas no primeiro (68,2%; p=0,0237) e no quinto período do curso (84,8%; p<0,0001) quanto ao conhecimento do número para contatar o serviço. Somente o primeiro (79,6% corretos; p=0,0002) e o terceiro períodos (77,8% corretos; p=0,0339) tiveram significância estatística quanto à obrigatoriedade do médico na ambulância. Conclusão: Os dados evidenciados mostram que os alunos possuem lacunas de conhecimento sobre o funcionamento do Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência, o que pode prejudicar o desfecho clínico de um paciente.


Objective: To evaluate the knowledge of the medical students of an Education Facility about the operation of the Emergency Medical Service. Methods: This is an observational, cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study. A semi-structured and self-responding questionnaire was applied to medical students enrolled between the first and fifth years of a private college in Belém (PA), using the statistical methods Chi-square of adherence and G-test of independence. Results: One hundred and thirty-nine students participated in the study, with emphasis on the higher participation of students from the first and fifth terms (p<0.0001). There was statistical difference only in the first (68.2%; p=0.0237) and fifth (84.8%; p<0.0001) terms of the course regarding knowledge of the number to contact the service. Only the first (79.6% correct, p=0.0002) and third (77.8% correct, p=0.0339) terms had statistical significance regarding the compulsory presence of the physician in the ambulance. Conclusion: The evidenced data show that students have knowledge gaps about the functioning of the Emergency Medical Service, which can harm the clinical outcome of a patient.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Students, Medical/statistics & numerical data , Education, Premedical/statistics & numerical data , Emergency Medical Services , Teaching/statistics & numerical data , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Sex Distribution , Age Distribution
6.
Rev. cuba. salud pública ; 46(1): e1252, ene.-mar. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | CUMED, LILACS | ID: biblio-1126831

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El personal de salud se encuentra expuesto a contraer enfermedades infecto contagiosas en el ejercicio de su labor, una de ellas es la hepatitis B. Los estudiantes de atención prehospitalaria no se encuentran exentos de sufrir esta enfermedad, sobre todo por el contexto de las emergencias y desastres donde se desenvuelven. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de seroprotección para el virus de hepatitis B en estudiantes de atención prehospitalaria en una universidad en Colombia. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal realizado a estudiantes de atención prehospitalaria en el periodo febrero-junio de 2017. No se utilizó ninguna técnica de muestreo porque se incluyó la totalidad de los estudiantes en práctica. Se aplicó un cuestionario con preguntas de datos sociodemográficos, registro del esquema de vacunación para hepatitis B y el resultado de los anticuerpos (Anti-HBs). Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó Microsoft Excel 2010, se construyeron estadísticas descriptivas. Las variables numéricas se describieron con base en medidas de tendencia central y variabilidad, las variables categóricas se describieron con base en prevalencias y distribuciones porcentuales. Resultados: En la caracterización de los 103 estudiantes evaluados se encontró que el 98 por ciento obtuvo títulos de anticuerpos (Anti-HBs) mayores a 10 UI/ml, considerándose como reactivos a las dosis de las vacunas, alcanzando títulos protectores. Sin embargo, el 93 por ciento no cumplió con el esquema de vacunación establecido. Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos evidencian la efectividad de las dosis aplicadas de vacuna para el virus de hepatitis B para obtener los títulos de anticuerpos a estudiantes de atención prehospitalaria en una universidad en Colombia. Pero existen incumplimientos en los tiempos recomendados para la aplicación de cada una de las dosis y en el tiempo de toma de los títulos(AU)


Introduction: Health personnel are at risk of infectious diseases when doing their job. One of them is hepatitis B. Prehospital care students are not free from suffering this disease, especially due to the emergencies and disasters context in which they work. Objective: To determine the prevalence of seroprotection for the hepatitis B virus in prehospital care students at a university in Colombia. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study carried out on prehospital care students during the period February-June 2017. No sampling technique was used because all the students in practice were included. A questionnaire was applied with questions of social-demographic data, registration of the vaccination schedule for hepatitis B and result of (Anti-HBs) antibodies. For statistical analysis, Microsoft Excel 2010 was used and descriptive statistics were designed. Numerical variables were described based on measures of central tendency and variability, categorical variables were described based on prevalence and percentage distributions. Results: In the depiction of the 103 students who were evaluated, it was found that 98 percent obtained antibody titers (Anti-HBs) bigger than 10 IU / ml, being considered as reactive to the doses of the vaccines and getting protective titles. However, 93 percent did not fill the established vaccination schedule. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the results obtained show the effectiveness of the applied doses of vaccine for the hepatitis B virus to obtain antibody titers to prehospital care students at a university in Colombia. But there are breaches in the recommended times for the application of each of the doses and in the time of taking the antibody titers(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Hepatitis B Vaccines/therapeutic use , Education, Premedical , Prehospital Care , Hepatitis, Viral, Human/epidemiology , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Colombia
7.
Rev. cub. inf. cienc. salud ; 30(3)jul.-set. 2019.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1508130

ABSTRACT

Ante la problemática de la producción científica en salud en el Perú y el limitado aporte de publicaciones por parte de docentes y estudiantes desde el pregrado, se tuvo como objetivo determinar la frecuencia de publicación de artículos científicos de docentes que participaron en calidad de jurado dictaminador de tesis en una Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de una universidad privada del Perú. Para esto, se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en una población conformada por 131 docentes quienes evaluaron tesis aprobadas en el período 2015-2018. La búsqueda de artículos se realizó en Google Scholar y la base de datos de Scopus. Se encontró que solo el 17,6 por ciento poseía alguna publicación. De este grupo, el 9,2 por ciento lo hizo en los últimos 5 años. Asimismo, el 6,9 por ciento logró publicaciones indizadas en Scopus y 3 docentes demostraron certificación como investigadores por el Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica del Perú. Se concluye que la tasa de publicación de docentes que evaluaron tesis en una Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud en el Perú es baja y preocupante(AU)


In view of the challenge posed by health scientific production in Peru and the limited number of publications contributed by teachers and students as of the undergraduate level, it was decided to determine the frequency of publication of scientific papers written by teachers making up the jury examining students' theses at the medical school of a private Peruvian university. To achieve this aim, a cross-sectional observational descriptive study was conducted of a population of 131 teachers who had evaluated theses accepted in the period 2015-2018. The search for papers was carried out in Google Scholar and the database Scopus. It was found that only 17.6percent of the teachers had ever published some scientific work, of whom 9.2percent had done so in the last five years. Additionally, only 6.9percent had publications indexed in Scopus, and three had been certified as researchers by the National Council for Science, Technology and Technological Innovation of Peru. It was concluded that the publication rate by teachers evaluating theses at a Peruvian medical school is low and worrisome(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Academic Dissertations as Topic/standards , Education, Premedical , Scientific and Technical Publications , Peru , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Observational Study
9.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 82(2): 98-102, Mar.-Apr. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-989401

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the clinical and surgical impacts of phenomena that could occur in intermittent exotropia. Methods: The medical records of intermittent exotropia cases from 1991 to 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients underwent a series of measures, including a protocol to assess monocular occlusion based on the propedeutics proposed by Kushner. Results: Outdoor sensitivity was observed in 31% of patients with an undercorrection rate of 44% vs. 18% of cases with no outdoor sensitivity. After 1 h of monocular occlusion, 41% of all patients achieved an increase in deviation with an undercorrection rate of 40%, whereas 25% did not. Conclusion: The results show the importance of complete propedeutics, since there is a higher rate of late undercorrection in cases with outdoor sensitivity and increased deviation after occlusion.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar os impactos clínico e cirúrgico dos fenômenos que podem ocorrer na exotropia intermitente. Métodos: Os prontuários de casos de exotropia intermitente de 1991 a 2014 foram revisados retrospectivamente. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a uma serie de medidas incluindo o protocolo com oclusão monocular com base na propedêutica proposta por Kushner. Resultados: Outdoor sensitivity foi observada em 31% dos pacientes com taxa de subcorreção de 44% vs. 18% dos casos sem outdoor sensitivity. Após 1 hora de oclusão monocular, 41% de todos os pacientes apresentaram um aumento no desvio com uma taxa de subcorreção 40%, enquanto 25% não. Conclusão: Os resultados demonstram a importância da propedêutica completa, uma vez que há maior taxa de subcorreção tardia nos casos de outdoor sensitivity e maior desvio após a oclusão.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Exotropia/surgery , Exotropia/physiopathology , Education, Premedical/methods , Postoperative Period , Reoperation , Time Factors , Vision, Monocular/physiology , Visual Acuity/physiology , Medical Records , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Convergence, Ocular/physiology , Accommodation, Ocular/physiology
10.
Rev. habanera cienc. méd ; 18(1): 114-125, ene.-feb. 2019. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1004126

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Los diseños establecidos en planes y programas de estudios deben ir al unísono de los cambios que la sociedad genera; esto implica su análisis con el propósito de perfeccionarlos de manera permanente. Objetivo: Determinar el alcance y limitaciones que puede tener el plan de estudio de la asignatura Propedéutica Clínica y Semiología Médica. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo de corte pedagógico entre el 1 de abril y el 31 de junio de 2017, que asume el método dialéctico-materialista con enfoque de sistema como rector del proceso de investigación, para efectuar el análisis crítico a un programa de estudio; la metodología utilizada para ello consta de cinco pasos fundamentales que incluye, entre otros elementos, la pertinencia y la revisión de los componentes del proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje. Resultados y Discusión: Se realizó el análisis crítico del programa, se identifican puntos de mejora y una contradicción didáctica relacionada con el desarrollo del razonamiento clínico en los estudiantes de la carrera de Medicina, al reconocerse una discordancia entre el contenido de la asignatura y la forma ideal de impartirlo, por lo que los autores consideran que es un problema metodológico. Conclusiones: El programa de estudio satisface la idea integradora del comandante Fidel en relación con el proceso docente-educativo en la formación de médicos en Cuba, al orientar integralidad, presencia de la educación en el trabajo, aumento del protagonismo del alumno, con la garantía de su calidad humana, científica y técnica, comprometida con el pueblo. El uso de esta metodología puede generalizarse(AU)


Introduction: The designs established in the different syllabuses should be in complete agreement with the demands of society. Therefore, an analysis should be carried out in order to improve them permanently. Objective: To determine the scope and limitations of the syllabus of the subject Semiology and Clinical Propedeutics. Material and Methods: A qualitative study from a pedagogical perspective was conducted from April 1st to June 31st, 2017, which assumes the materialistic dialectic method with an approach on the system as the main action of the research process in order to carry out a critical syllabus analysis. The methodology used for this consists of five main steps which include, among other elements, the appropriateness and the review of the components of the teaching-learning process. Results and discussion: A critical syllabus analysis was carried out, and aspects for the improvement and a didactic unit of contradiction related to the clinical discussion in the medical students were identified at recognizing a disagreement between the subject contents and the ideal way to teach them, thus considering it a methodological problem. Conclusions: The curriculum satisfies the integrative idea of Commander Fidel in relation to the teaching-learning process for the formation of doctors in Cuba at advising a comprehensive formation, implementing the in-service training, and increasing the students´ leading role that guarantees a human, scientific, and technical quality, directed to give a better care to the people. The use of this methodology can be generalized(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Programs and Plans , Education, Premedical/methods , Program , Methodology as a Subject
11.
Korean Medical Education Review ; (3): 100-111, 2019.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-760453

ABSTRACT

There are several dimensions of academic burnout experienced by medical and health science college students. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of academic relationships on academic burnout. Data was collected from 476 Eulji University students using an online survey over 4 days in April of 2018. Of the 264 respondents, 111 studied medicine (42.0%), 105 studied nursing (39.8%), and 48 studied clinical pathology (18.1%). The questionnaire was composed of the following sections: demographics (four questions), general life characteristics (seven questions), academic enthusiasm (eight questions), academic relationships (15 questions), and academic burnout sub-dimensions (partially revised Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey Scale) (11 questions). T-tests and one-way analysis of variance were performed to illustrate the differences among the three departments. The effects of academic relationships and academic enthusiasm on academic burnout were analyzed using linear regression. Comparing the three departments, academic burnout was not found to be statistically significant (p=0.296). However, medical students' academic enthusiasm was significantly lower (p<0.001) and academic relationships were significantly higher (p<0.001) than nursing and clinical pathology students. The difference in academic burnout among the three departments was not significant. However, medical students have stronger academic relationships, while nursing and clinical pathology students were more focused on academics. Relationships and academic enthusiasm contribute to reducing academic burnout. Therefore, strategies need to be developed to deal with academic burnout considering relationship factors.


Subject(s)
Humans , Demography , Education, Premedical , Health Occupations , Linear Models , Nursing , Pathology, Clinical , Professionalism , Students, Medical , Students, Nursing , Surveys and Questionnaires
12.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-740703

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Premedical education is one stage in which various educational approaches are used to promote critical thinking. Given that critical thinking ability could be regarded as one of the intended outcomes of social science and humanities education, this study explored the effectiveness of a course to promote critical thinking in a premedical curriculum using both literature and film. METHODS: Fifty-one 2nd year premedical students enrolled in a 'Critical Thinking for Premeds' course. Students were required to read or watch a selected material, submit group discussion agendas, attend five group discussion sessions, and write critical essays. Five tutors facilitated the group discussions, observed and assessed the students' performance and critical essay. Students' critical thinking disposition and opinion on assigned reading materials were examined before and after the course. A program evaluation survey was conducted to investigate the students' reaction after the course. RESULTS: On average, students appreciated 78.6% of the total assigned materials. The students indicated that group discussions and the narrative comments of facilitators contributed the most to develop critical thinking. After the course, the students' tendency preferring cheaper price books, as well as medicine-related books decreased significantly. Students who had critical essay scores greater than or equal to the median demonstrated a significant improvement in critical thinking disposition scores. CONCLUSION: The course was well-accepted by premedical students and had several positive outcomes. A more effective use of the course could be anticipated with a clearer explanation of the purpose, the consideration of previous reading experience, and use of complementary learning activities.


Subject(s)
Humans , Curriculum , Education , Education, Premedical , Humanities , Learning , Program Evaluation , Social Sciences , Students, Premedical , Thinking
13.
Rev. cuba. salud pública ; 44(3): e881, jul.-set. 2018. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-960671

ABSTRACT

Introducción: En la actualidad, el sedentarismo es un comportamiento relacionado con múltiples enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y enfermedades cardiovasculares. Este comportamiento cada día se hace más prevalentes entre adolescentes y personas jóvenes como consecuencia del estilo de vida moderno. Objetivo: Determinar los niveles de sedentarismo en estudiantes universitarios de pregrado. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en estudiantes pertenecientes a la facultad de salud de la Universidad de Pamplona, Colombia, con matrícula activa durante el primer periodo académico de 2016. Participaron 346 alumnos que aceptaron de forma voluntaria responder el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física para Adultos versión corta, aparentemente sanos y sin diagnóstico de enfermedad o discapacidad que le impidiera realizar actividad física regular. La edad promedio del grupo era de 18,9 años Resultados: La prevalencia de sedentarismo en la muestra fue de 42,77 por ciento. Los estudiantes del departamento de medicina fueron los más activos físicamente y los estudiantes de enfermería los más sedentarios. No se observó diferencia entre hombres y mujeres. Conclusiones: El nivel de sedentarismo encontrado en este estudio es alto. Es necesario implementar nuevas estrategias que animen a las personas a desarrollar estilos de vida más saludables(AU)


Introduction: Nowadays, sedentarism is a behavior related to multiple non-transmissible chronic and cardiovascular diseases. This behavior every day is getting more prevalence among adolescent and young people due to modern lifestyles. Objective: This study aims to determine the levels of sedentarism among undergraduate university students. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in students of the Health Sciences Faculty at Universidad de Pamplona, Colombia, and these students were active roll during the first academic period of 2016. 346 students participated and they accepted voluntarily to answer the International Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adults (IPAQ-A) short version. They were apparently healthy and without a diagnosis of any condition or disability that hamper them to do regular physical activity. The average age of this group was 18,9 years old. Results: The prevalence of sedentarism in the sample was 42,77 percent, being the students of Medicine Department the most physically active, and the students of Nursing Department the most sedentary. There were not any differences among males and females. Conclusions: Sedentarism levels found in undergraduate university students is high, therefore it is necessary to implement new strategies that encourage people to develop healthier lifestyles(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Education, Premedical , Sedentary Behavior/ethnology , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Colombia
15.
Rev. habanera cienc. méd ; 17(1): 19-28, ene.-feb. 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-901795

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El programa de la disciplina Embriología que se imparte en la República de Angola, como parte del currículo de la carrera de Medicina fue elaborado y desarrollado en Cuba. El medio donde se desarrolló el proceso docente y las características del sistema de salud no son las mismas para lo cual fue concebido. Es importante desarrollar en los estudiantes, no solo las habilidades de promoción y prevención de los defectos, presentes en los objetivos de la disciplina, también, habilidades de identificación y descripción morfológica de los defectos congénitos, para la confección adecuada de la historia clínica en las disciplinas clínicas. Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de desarrollo que alcanzan los estudiantes cuando aplican la habilidad de Describir al utilizar un algoritmo para el aprendizaje de las malformaciones congénitas. Material y Método: Se elaboró un algoritmo basado en el método embriológico; se aplicó en las preguntas iníciales de los seminarios a los estudiantes de segundo año de Medicina en el curso académico 2012, en la Facultad de Medicina de Cabinda en la República de Angola. Conclusiones: Las acciones elaboradas para el desarrollo de la habilidad "Describir" en el estudio de las malformaciones congénitas, permitió al estudiante apropiarse de un conocimiento teórico-morfológico de las características de estos defectos, en la medida que el estudiante aplicó las acciones del algoritmo de esta habilidad adquirió mayor nivel de desarrollo en la habilidad(AU)


Introduction: The syllabus for the Embryology discipline, which is taught in the Republic of Angola as part of the curriculum of the Medical Education was drawn up and developed in Cuba. The environment in which the teaching process developed and the characteristics of the health care system are not the same for which it was conceived. It is not only important to develop students´ skills for the promotion and prevention of defects that are present in the objectives of the discipline, but also identification skills and morphological description of congenital defects for an adequate drawing up of the clinical history in the clinical disciplines. Objective: To determine the level of development reached by the students when they apply the skill of describing using an algorithm for the learning of congenital malformations. Material and Method: An algorithm based on the embryological method was developed; and the initial questions asked in the seminars given to Second Year Medical Students were used in the Medical School of the University of Cabinda in the Republic of Angola during the 2012 Academic Year. Conclusions: The actions developed for the ability to Describe in the study of congenital malformations allowed the student to get a theoretical morphological knowledge of the characteristics of the defects; on the extent to which the student applied the actions of the algorithm, he acquired a higher level of skill development(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Congenital Abnormalities/embryology , Algorithms , Embryology/methods , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Longitudinal Studies , Education, Premedical/methods
16.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-760419

ABSTRACT

Although student research programs have been implemented worldwide, research programs during premedical school have unique characteristics. The purpose of this study is to evaluate factors that influence the effects of premedical school research programs. Eighty second-year premedical students at Pusan National University were included in the study. Effect elements and influential factors were extracted through reference reviews and in-depth individual interviews. A Likert scale questionnaire was developed using the extracted elements and factors, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to analyze the reliability of the survey. The mean value and the standard deviation for each question were calculated to evaluate education effectiveness and learning satisfaction, and the influence of each factor on effect was analyzed using correlation analysis. Students' research skills and knowledge were improved in the short term; however, interest in research or in a career as a researcher did not increase. Student interest, participation, and contributions were important factors. Among professors, passion, considerateness, and teaching method including the level of lesson were influential factors. Implementation of curriculum and support and guidance were influential as well, whereas evaluation system was not a factor. To improve student research programs, several factors that influence education effectiveness and learning satisfaction should be considered.


Subject(s)
Humans , Curriculum , Education , Education, Premedical , Learning , Program Evaluation , Students, Medical , Students, Premedical , Teaching
18.
Rev. Salusvita (Online) ; 37(1): 49-59, 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1050148

ABSTRACT

Introdução: o diagnóstico precoce e a detecção de fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento da lesão renal são difíceis devido a múltiplas etiologias e por ser assintomática, levando ao diagnóstico tardio e alta morbimortalidade. Objetivo: analisar e correlacionar os parâmetros de avaliação e diagnóstico para lesão renal e sua aplicabilidade nas esferas pública e privada de saúde de Rio Verde, Goiás. Método: trata-se de um estudo de campo, transversal e de abordagem quantiqualitativa. Foi feita uma busca ativa de médicos especialistas e não especialistas em Nefrologia e Urologia, na rede pública e privada de saúde de Rio Verde e foram aplicados questionários aos mesmos. Resultados: foram abordados 93 médicos, sendo que 76 médicos concordaram em responder os questionários, constituindo a amostra final do estudo. Destes, a maioria homem, com média entre 6 a 10 anos de formado, 80% com pós-graduação e 33,3% com vínculo exclusivo com o serviço público. A propedêutica médica prevalente aplicada nos pacientes com suspeita de lesão renal baseou-se em marcadores tardios de lesão renal, como a creatinina, a ureia sérica e o exame de urina e fracamente em exames que detectam mais precocemente a lesão renal, como a microalbuminúria e o clearence de creatinina. Não houve diferença significativa entre a propedêutica aplicada na rede pública e privada de saúde de Rio Verde. Conclusão: os dados do presente estudo demonstraram que o diagnóstico da lesão renal é tardio e servem para otimizar as condutas médicas locais, podendo motivar diagnósticos cada vez mais precoces dessas lesões, o que propiciaria redução nos custos e melhoria nos indicadores de saúde do município.


Introduction: early diagnosis and detection of risk factors to renal disease are difficult tasks due to the multiple related factor and because most of them are asymptomatic, leading to late diagnoses and high mobility and mortality. Objective: to analyze and correlate the parameters of evaluation and diagnosis for kidney injury and its applicability in the public and private health spheres of Rio Verde, Goiás. Method: it is a cross-field, quantitative-qualitative study. An active search was made of medical specialists and non specialists in nephrology and Urology, in the public and private health network of Rio Verde, and questionnaires were applied to them. Results: 93 physicians were approached, and 76 physicians agreed to answer the questionnaires, constituting the final sample of the study. Of these, the majority of men, with an average of between 6 and 10 years of education, 80% with a postgraduate degree and 33.3% had an exclusive relationship with the public health service. The prevalent medical evaluation applied to patients suspected of kidney injury was based on late markers, such as creatinine, serum urea, and urinalysis, and poorly on tests that detect early kidney injury such as microalbuminuria and or creatinine clearence. There was no significant difference between the propaedeutics applied in the public and private health network of Rio Verde. Conclusion: data from the present study demonstrated that the diagnosis of kidney injury is late and serves to optimize local medical conducts, which may lead to an earlier diagnosis of these lesions, which would lead to a reduction in costs and an improvement in health indicators in the municipality.


Subject(s)
Humans , Early Diagnosis , Education, Premedical , Kidney Diseases
19.
Rev. medica electron ; 39(6): 1201-1211, nov.-dic. 2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-902237

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la enseñanza del idioma Inglés constituye un valioso instrumento de trabajo en la formación de los profesionales de la salud y el desarrollo de la expresión escrita es fundamental para el desempeño profesional del futuro egresado. Objetivo: desarrollar la expresión escrita a partir del tratamiento del inglés con fines específicos. Materiales y Métodos: se realizó una investigación que culminó con la aplicación de un pre-experimento pedagógico en la Filial Médica de Colón durante el período comprendido de septiembre de 2015 a junio del 2016. La muestra estuvo conformada por los 16 estudiantes que componen el 4to año de la carrera de Estomatología. Se emplearon métodos del nivel teórico y empírico como el analítico-sintético, inductivo-deductivo, revisión y análisis de documentos, observación, además de otras técnicas de obtención de la información directa y de procedimientos estadísticos. Resultados: el diagnóstico inicial del estado de la habilidad de escritura reveló que el 18,7 % de los estudiantes se ubicó en el nivel alto, el 50 % en el nivel medio y 31,2 % en el nivel bajo. La etapa de constatación mostró que el 68,7 %, 18,7 % y 12,5 % se ubicaron en los niveles alto, medio y bajo respectivamente evidenciándose un aumento considerable de estos indicadores. Conclusiones: el sistema de actividades contribuyó a desarrollar la expresión escrita al vincularse con la terminología de estomatología y demandar el empleo de funciones comunicativas y construcción textual en situaciones de su ámbito académico y ocupacional lo que favoreció el logro del objetivo trazado (AU).


Background: the English language teaching is a valuable working tool in health professionals training and the development of writing skills is very important for the professional performance of the future graduated. Aim: to develop the writing skills through the handling of English for specific purposes. Materials and Methods: a research that finished with the application of a pedagogical pre-experiment was carried out in the Matanzas Medical University branch of Colón from September 2015 to June 2016. The sample was made up by 16 4th-year Dentistry students. Several methods of the theoretical and empirical levels were used such as the analytical-synthetic one, the inductive-deductive, documents reviewing and analysis, observation, other techniques of gathering direct information and statistical procedures. Outcomes: the initial diagnosis of the writing skill revealed that 18,7 % of the students were in the high level, 50 % in the middle and 31,2 % in the low one. The assessment stage showed a 68,7 %, 18,7 % y 12,5 % of them in the high, middle and low levels respectively, evidencing a considerable increase of these indicators. Conclusions: the sistema of activities, contributed to develop the writing skill because it was linked to Dentistry terminology and required the usage of communicative functions and test structures in situations of the students' academic and occupational environment, favoring the achievement of the proposed objective (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Schools, Dental , Communication Barriers , Medical Writing/standards , Students, Dental , Education, Premedical , Observational Studies as Topic , Limited English Proficiency
20.
Rev. medica electron ; 39(5): 1061-1072, set.-oct. 2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-902225

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el trabajo expone los mecanismos pedagógicos aplicados en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, de la cátedra de Anatomía Humana. En el entorno de los componentes teórico y práctico de la asignatura, se identificaron las estrategias y técnicas didácticas aplicadas, dentro de la relación numérica docente / estudiante. Objetivo: valorar la influencia de la relación numérica docente/estudiante en la enseñanza/aprendizaje de la Anatomía Humana. Materiales y Métodos: el estudio es retrospectivo, transversal. Se realizó en tres escuelas de medicina de El Salvador. Se utilizó una muestra de 296 estudiantes, de la carrera de doctorado en medicina y 15 docentes del departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas (Anatomía Humana). Los datos se expresaron en porcentajes, representándose en gráfico de barras. Resultados: las estrategias de enseñanza: objetivos (72,89%) y un manual guía (100%). La técnica de enseñanza que predominó en el componente teórico fue la clase magistral (59,98%). En el componente práctico, se aplica la técnica grupal con supervisión, (100%). La estrategia de aprendizaje, en los componentes teórico y práctico: Recirculación de la información (48,47%), relacionada a las técnicas de Toma de apuntes y repaso con repetición oral. La relación numérica docente /estudiante: Escuela A 1/11; Escuela B 1/44; Escuela C 1/34. Conclusiones: las estrategias y técnicas didácticas, dentro de la relación numérica docente / estudiante; son estáticas y responden a un modelo educativo tradicional, representativo de una educación masiva (AU).


Introduction: the work exposes the pedagogical mechanisms applied in the teaching-learning process of the chair of Human Anatomy. The applied didactic strategies and techniques were identified in the context of the theoretical and practical components of the subject, within the teacher/student numerical relationship. Objective: to appraise the teacher/student numerical relationship in teaching/learning Human Anatomy Material and Methods: the sample was formed by 296 pre-grade students of Medicine and 15 teachers of the department of Morphologic Sciences (Human Anatomy). Data were given in percentages represented in bar graphs. Results: the teaching strategies used were objectives (72.89 %) and a guidebook (100 %). The predominating teaching technique in the theoretical component was the master lecture (59.98 %). The group technique under supervision (100 %) was used in the practical component. In the theoretic and practical components of the learning strategy, the recirculation of the information was used (48.47 %), related with the techniques of taking notes down and reviewing with oral repetition. The numerical relation teacher/student was: School A- 1/11; School B- 1/44; School C 1/34. Conclusions: the didactic strategies and techniques within the numerical relationship teacher/student are static and representative of a mass education. Palabras claves: estrategias y técnicas de enseñanza, estrategias y técnicas de aprendizaje, relación numérica docente /estudiante (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Students , Faculty/education , Anatomy/education , Laboratory and Fieldwork Analytical Methods , Education, Premedical/methods , Educational Measurement/methods , Educational Measurement/standards , Faculty/standards , Anatomy/methods , Anatomy/standards , Anatomy/ethics , Learning
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL