Dr. Maffei e Homeopatia: um exame das relações dos princípios médicos gerais do doutor Walter Edgard Maffei com os princípios homeopáticos / Dr. Maffei and Homeopathy: an examination of the relationships between doctor Walter Edgard Maffei's general medical principles and homeopathic principles

O Dr. Walter Edgard Maffei (1905-1991), médico patologista, apresenta grande impacto na formação médica geral e homeopática. Este trabalho objetivou o estudo das relações dos princípios médicos gerais do Dr. Maffei com os princípios homeopáticos por pesquisa descritiva com revisão bibliográfica utilizando como base a monografia apresentada à Associação Paulista de Homeopatia em 2000, sobre este tema, revendo as referências, com atenção especial à obra do Dr. Maffei: "Os Fundamentos da Medicina", e as análises comparativas acrescidas da vivência clínica e prática ao longo dos anos. Verificou-se que as semelhanças ocorrem porque os princípios são concordantes em suas bases, como a visão hipocrática, onde a Medicina é baseada na observação e experimentação. Destacou-se a importância do médico generalista, compartilhada pelo Dr. Maffei e pelos ensinamentos homeopáticos, para a compreensão do indivíduo na sua totalidade. A Hereditariedade ganhou destaque, sendo básica para a compreensão da individualidade de cada paciente em seu processo de saúde e doença.

The Doctor Walter Edgard Maffei (1905-1991), pathologist, had a great impact on general and homeopathic medical education. This work aimed to study the relationships between the general medical principles of Dr. Maffei with homeopathic principles by descriptive research with bibliographic review using as a basis the monograph presented to the Associação Paulista de Homeopatia in 2000, on this topic, reviewing references, with special attention to the work of Dr. Maffei: "The Fundamentals of Medicine", and adding comparative analyzes of clinical and practical experience over the years. It was found that the similarities occur because the principles are consistent in their bases, such as the Hippocratic view, where Medicine is based on observation and experimentation. The importance of the general practitioner was highlighted, shared by Dr. Maffei and for the homeopathic teachings, for the understanding of the individual in its totality. Heredity gained prominence, being basic for understanding the individuality of each patient in their health and disease process.

Anton Chejov / Anton Chejov

Nuestro colega Antón Chéjov decía: "la medicina es mi legítima esposa; la literatura es mi amante". Médico de profesión, Chéjov vio lo mejor y lo peor del ser humano en los hospitales en que trabajó. Conoció sus debilidades y sus fortalezas, lo que había de divino y humano; todo ello le permitió concluir que como especie hemos cambiado poco. Es considerado como el más destacado representante de la escuela realista de su país en su corriente más psicológica. Reconocido mundialmente como un maestro del relato corto y uno de los escritores más importantes de este género en la historia de la literatura.

Our colleague Anton Chekhov said: "Medicine is my lawful wife; Literature is my lover. A doctor by profession, Chekhov saw the best and worst of the human being in the hospitals where he worked. He knew his weaknesses and his strengths, what was divine and human; all this allowed him to conclude that as a species we have changed little. He is considered the most outstanding representative of the realist school of his country in its most psychological current. He is recognized worldwide as a master of short stories and one of the most important writers of this genre in the history of literature.

Luisa Francisca Acosta Ortega. Liderazgo con nombre de mujer / Luisa Francisca Acosta Ortega. Lidership with a woman´s name

En este artículo se resaltan las cualidades humanas y otros aspectos de la vida de quien fuera Vicedecana Académica de la Facultad de Estomatología y posteriormente Directora del Centro Provincial de Información de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba, en el período de abril del 2014 hasta abril del 2022. Se destacan los logros alcanzados a lo largo de su quehacer, desde que inició en la Universidad Médica hasta nuestros días, así como su valioso aporte a la docencia y a la formación de diversos grupos de educandos, además, se realzan los avances alcanzados en la revista MEDISAN en su etapa de Directora del Centro de Información hasta el día de su feliz jubilación.

The human qualities and some other aspects of the life of the Academic Vice-dean of the Estomatological Faculty and then the Head of the Provincial Information Center of Medical Sciences from Santiago de Cuba are highlighted in this work, in the period from April, 2014 to the same month in 2022.The achievements reached during her working life, since she began in the Medical University up to the present, as well as her valuable dedication to the teaching and training of different groups of students are presented, besides compiling achievements in journal MEDISAN during her leadership as Director of the Provincial Information Center up to the day of her happy retirement.

César Milstein / César Milstein

Resumen El presente comentario, escrito en virtud del decreto del gobierno nacional que designó a 2021 como año de homenaje al Dr. César Milstein, es una visión personal sobre el significado del desarrollo de los anticuerpos monoclonales, del aporte que brindó y brinda a la ciencia y tecnología actual y del contexto del correspondiente Premio Nobel en el ámbito de la Inmunología y las Ciencias Médicas. El objetivo de este artículo es transmitir, a modo de homenaje, algunas de mis experiencias en la especialidad y la relación profesional y personal con el creador de la producción de anticuerpos monoclonales por fusión de células somáticas, tecnología que continúa realizando grandes aportes al conocimiento.

Abstract The present commentary, which was written by virtue of the national government decree that designated 2021 as the year of the tribute to Dr. César Milstein, is a personal vision of the meaning of the development of monoclonal antibodies, of the contribution that he has always made to the current science and technology, and of the context of the corresponding Nobel Prize within the sphere of Immunology and the Medical Sciences. The aim of this article is to share, as a tribute, some of my experiences in the specialty and my professional and personal relationship with the creator of the immense breakthrough still being delivered by his development.

Resumo O presente comentário, escrito em virtude do decreto do governo nacional que nomeou o ano 2021 como ano de homenagem ao Dr. César Milstein, é uma visão pessoal sobre o significado do desenvolvimento dos anticorpos monoclonais, da contribuição que ofereceu e oferece à ciência e tecnologia atual e do contexto do correspondente Prêmio Nobel no âmbito da Imunologia e das Ciências Médicas. O objetivo deste artigo é transmitir, à maneira de homenagem, algumas das minhas experiências na especialidade e na relação profissional e pessoal com o criador do imenso avanço que continua nos oferecendo seu descobrimento.

Tributo al Dr. Rafael Pérez Cristiá. Ex-Director General de la Agencia Reguladora de Medicamentos, Equipos y Dispositivos Médicos de Cuba (CECMED) / Tribute to Dr. Rafael Pérez Cristiá. Past Head and Director General of the Cuban Regulatory Agency for medicines and medical devices (CECMED)

Dr. Pérez Cristiá was the Head and Director General of Cuba's Center for State Control of Medicines and Medical Devices (CECMED) from 2000 until his passing in June, 2020. Professional background Dr. Pérez Cristiá was a research pharmacologist and toxicologist by training, obtaining academic merit recognition by the Cuban Academy of Sciences. He held several positions as researcher and professor at the University of Medicine in Havana, Cuba and at the National University of Carabobo in Valencia, Venezuela. He also held various scientific appointments as President of the Cuban National Society of Toxicology, as honorary founding member of the National Toxicology Commission of Ecuador, permanent member of the General Council of Scientific Degrees in Health Sciences at the National Commission of Scientific Degrees, Ministry of Higher Education, Cuba. Dr. Pérez Cristiá was also appointed member of the MEDICC's Joint Academic Council. Apart from being a prominent scientist in his native Cuba, Dr. Pérez Cristiá became a referent in public health systems and policy both in Cuba and across the LATAM region. The following quote by Dr. C. William Keck, MEDICC's Executive Director summarizes Dr. Pérez Cristiá' s unanimous contribution to Cuba's public healthcare system: "Dr. Pérez Cristiá was an important leader as Cuba, a small and resource-scarce country, became a global biotech powerhouse and biotechnology evolved as a key component of Cuba's public health system that provides universal health care for its citizens. Safe and effective medicines and technologies to all, especially the most vulnerable, is one of the country's more important public health strategies, in which, Dr. Pérez Cristiá was a key decision maker" 1 As a visionary and leader in regulatory systems and policy in Cuba, during his 21 years as Head and Director General of the CECMED, Dr. Pérez Cristiá implemented the culture and knowledge of regulatory sciences as a key component of the institution's core values and mission. Since, regulatory sciences, have become strategic tools to support the dialogue between the Cuban health agency regulators and the key Cuban stakeholders from the biotechnology industry, research and development institutions, public health advocates, among other relevant players impacting healthcare in Cuba.2 Dr. Pérez-Cristiá was a charismatic individual and great communicator. One of his personal dreams and professional desire was to keep motivating the regulatory professional and experts from Cuba and the Latin America so as to be fully engaged and inspired. Dr. Pérez Cristiá aimed for every regulatory professional to comprehend and internalize the goals and values of regulatory sciences. To this effect, Dr. Pérez Cristiá was constantly fostering collaborations within his team, as well as developing strategic regulatory networks at the regional Latin American level and globally. His professional vision was always linked the present and the future, respecting everyone's knowledge and opinions. CECMED's key milestones and accomplishments Under Dr. Pérez's leadership, the CECMED gained recognition from the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) as one of the leading National Reference Authorities (NRA's) in the Latin American region for Medicines and Biologics. The PAHO classification system, granted CECMED the Level 4 in 2010 (highest classification).3 Below, is a list of other key regulatory milestones: The CECMED served as General Coordinator of the PAHO Regional National Regulatory Authorities (NRA's) for two consecutive mandates (2014 - 2016). The CECMED served as General Coordinator of the National Center for the Regulation of Medicines of the Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Americas (ALBAMED) (2009 - 2010). CECMED became a WHO National Regulatory Reference Center for Vaccines (2000). CECMED became Observer of the International Council Harmonization (ICH) (2016). CECMED became Associate Member of the International Coalition of Medicines Regulatory Authorities (ICMRA) (2021). In addition to the above accomplishments, throughout the past three decades, the CECMED's Quality Management System was also certified in several occasions by the Spanish Association for Standardization and Certification (AENOR) and the National Office of Standardization, becoming an IQnet member for the past 10 years.3 Furthermore, in September 2004 the CECMED became a member of the Developing Nations Vaccine Regulators' Network (DCVRN). The CECMED was able to become a network member as the Agency fulfilled the critical regulatory functions required by WHO, also meeting the criteria of having at least one prequalified vaccine manufacturer for supply via a United Nations agency. Apart from the above, the CECMED has gained recognition from all of the LATAM regional Regulatory Authorities and global Regulatory Agencies, such as Health Canada, US-FDA, The National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) of China, The Russian Regulatory Agency, Swiss Medic, the Paul Ehrlich Institute, among other. The CECMED's Office of Innovation A paramount contribution by Dr. Pérez Cristiá to public health and access to biopharmaceutical innovation in Cuba, (prospectively across the LATAM region) has been the creation of the CECMED's Office of Innovation in October, 2019. First of its kind in the Latin American region, the CECMED's Office of Innovation was built on a comprehensive regulatory framework with the aim to accelerate innovation enabling successful transition of novel products from research and development to clinical research, granting patients' early access to innovative medicines.4 This initiative has been propelled by the speed and complexity of new discoveries challenging both capacities and creative thinking of the Cuban regulatory authority, coupled with the change from a rigid, one-size fits all regulatory system to a more adaptive and flexible model (without compromising rigor) becoming an alternative, valuable and innovative regulatory tool. LATAM Endowed Chair in Regulatory Sciences Another key contribution linked to Dr. Pérez Cristiá's vision as a regulatory leader in the LATAM region has been the creation of a specialized training program in Regulatory Sciences for the regional Regulatory professional's community. Dr. Pérez Cristiá envisioned the creation of an Endowed Chair collaborating with renowned academic institutions in Cuba and across the Latin American region. Basically, the development of a professional training program to convey advanced training and expertise in drug regulation across the LATAM region, granting access to an international, multidisciplinary academic curriculum aimed at improving professional regulatory skills, teaching regulatory sciences as an imbedded culture based on an undergraduate and graduate curriculum. Furthermore, the Endowed Chair would allow access to expand the scope of regulatory research through publications, promoting joint academic initiatives as well as providing opportunities to collaborate with other institutions and regulatory agencies (both regional and global). Acknowledgements The authors of this tribute, are honored to have shared the contributions and legacy of Dr. Perez-Cristiá, Head and Director of the Cuban Regulatory Authority (CECMED) during his 20 years of tenure. Dr. Perez Cristia's commitment, professional legacy and teachings will permanently prevail, as he was unanimously regarded as a regulatory referent in public health in Cuba, across the Latin American region and globally.

José María Bengoa de Sanare para el mundo de la nutrición social / José María Bengoa de Sanare for the world of social nutrition

José María Bengoa, hijo ilustre de Sanare, inicia su estadía en ese poblado rural en 1936, allí como el mismo lo expresó se forma en la Universidad de Sanare, donde con su acuciosa observación, reconoce los determinantes sociales de la desnutrición, allí descubrió que la desnutrición y el hambre, eran el denominador común de las enfermedades. Propone atender al niño y educar a la madre, y así surge el primer centro de recuperación nutricional. En medio de esa soledad recoge su experiencia, reflexiones, observaciones y soluciones prácticas las cuales publica en el libro "Medicina Social en el Medio Rural Venezolano" (1940). Logró extenderlo al resto de América, Asia y África desde su trabajo en Naciones Unidas. En 1941 dirige la Sección de Nutrición en el Ministerio de Sanidad y Asistencia Social, y contribuye con la creación del Instituto Nacional de Nutrición, la Escuela de Nutricionistas y Dietistas de la Universidad Central de Venezuela (1940 a 1950).En 1955 se incorpora a la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) en Ginebra, de esta experiencia comentaba "cuando comencé mis actividades en la OMS, había un hiato evidente entre investigación en nutrición y la salud pública", dirigió la Unidad de Nutrición(1964 ­ 1974). Dirige a la Fundación Cavendes y logra convertir a Caracas en la Capital Latinoamericana de la Nutrición gracias a su capacidad para integrar alianzas, con instituciones nacionales y con organismos internacionales. Trabajó intensamente para fortalecer las instituciones existentes y promover nuevas instituciones(AU)

Jose María Bengoa, illustrious son of Sanare, began his stay in that rural town in 1936, there, as he himself expressed it, he trained at the University of Sanare, where with his careful observation, he recognized the social determinants of malnutrition, there he discovered that malnutrition and hunger were the common denominator of diseases. He proposes caring for the child and educating the mother, and thus the first nutritional recovery center arises. In the midst of that loneliness he collects his experience, reflections, observations and practical solutions of his published in the book "Social Medicine in the Venezuelan Rural Environment" (1940). He managed to spread it to the rest of America, Asia and Africa from his work at the United Nations. In 1941 he directed the Nutrition Section in the Ministry of Health and Social Assistance, and contributed to the creation of the National Institute of Nutrition, the School of Nutritionists and Dieticians of the Central University of Venezuela (1940 to 1950). In 1955 he joined the World Health Organization (WHO) in Geneva, commented on this experience "when I began my activities at WHO, there was an evident hiatus between research in nutrition and public health", he directed the Nutrition Unit (1964 - 1974). He directs the Cavendes Foundation and manages to turn Caracas into the Latin American Capital of Nutrition thanks to his ability to form alliances with national institutions and international organizations. He worked hard to strengthen existing institutions and promote new institutions(AU)

The historical differential diagnosis of the disease that afflicted Aleijadinho, the famous 18th century Brazilian sculptor / O histórico diagnóstico diferencial da doença que afetou Aleijadinho, famoso escultor brasileiro do século XVIII

ABSTRACT Background: The famous Brazilian Baroque sculptor named Antônio Francisco Lisboa, known as "Aleijadinho" (1738-1814), suffered from a deforming disease of the lower and upper limbs. The condition was characterized by atrophy, paresis and amputation. His face was also affected, with inflammation of the eyelids, deviation of the labial commissure, drooping of the chin and lower lip, giving him a sinister expression. Despite the disabling and chronic illness, he produced several works of great expression in the 18th and 19th centuries. Some of them were declared World Heritage Sites by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Objective: To discuss the historical differential diagnosis of Aleijadinho's disease through a narrative review of the literature. Methods: Scientific articles were searched in databases such as Google Scholar, Pubmed and Lilacs using the term "Aleijadinho". Subsequently, data were collected in articles and books about the possible diseases of the sculptor. Results: Since the first clinical report on the sculptor, several historians and doctors have attempted to establish a diagnosis and several hypotheses have been proposed such as: syphilis, yaws (frambesia tropica), rheumatoid arthritis, Hansen's disease (leprosy), thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger disease), zamparina, cardina, porphyria cutanea tarda, stroke, amyloidosis, trauma and/or scurvy. Conclusions: Based on the literature, the authors conclude that the most likely diagnosis of Aleijadinho's disease is consistent with leprosy.

RESUMO Antecedentes: O famoso escultor barroco brasileiro Antônio Francisco Lisboa, conhecido como "Aleijadinho", desenvolveu uma doença deformante das extremidades dos membros inferiores e superiores. O distúrbio foi caracterizado por atrofia, paresia e amputação. Seu rosto também foi afetado, com inflamação das pálpebras, desvio da comissura labial, queda do queixo e lábio inferior, dando-lhe uma expressão sinistra. Apesar da doença incapacitante e crônica, ele produziu diversas obras de grande expressão durante os séculos XVIII e XIX. Algumas delas também foram consideradas patrimônios da humanidade pela Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, a Ciência e a Cultura (UNESCO). Objetivo: Discutir o diagnóstico diferencial histórico da doença de Aleijadinho por meio de uma revisão narrativa da literatura. Métodos: Artigos científicos e livros foram pesquisados em bases de dados como Google Scholar, PubMed e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs) utilizando como termo principal "Aleijadinho". Posteriormente, foram coletados dados em artigos e livros sobre as possíveis doenças do escultor. Resultados: Desde o primeiro relato da clínica do escultor, vários historiadores e médicos tentaram estabelecer um diagnóstico e várias hipóteses foram sugeridas, como: sífilis, bouba (framboesia trópica), artrite reumatoide, hanseníase (lepra), tromboangeíte obliterante (doença de Buerger), zamparina, cardina, porfiria cutânea tarda, acidente vascular encefálico, amiloidose, trauma e/ou escorbuto. Conclusões: Com base na literatura, os autores concluem que o diagnóstico mais provável da doença de Aleijadinho é compatível com hanseníase.

Los acúfenos de Miguel Ángel y su relación con la toxicología / Miguel Ángel's tinnitus and its relation to toxicology

Resumen El Plomo ha tenido una estrecha relación con el mundo artístico pictórico a través de los pigmentos utilizados por los artistas durante milenios. El íntimo contacto con sustancias químicas potencialmente peligrosas para la salud, casi siempre sin medidas de higiene y seguridad laboral, ha desarrollado en muchos casos, enfermedades laborales en estos artistas, a veces sospechadas y en otros casos, más que confirmadas. En el presente trabajo se analiza la historia de vida laboral de Miguel Angel Buonarroti, de quien se tiene registro suficiente como para establecer un nexo causal con exposición laboral al Plomo.

Abstract Lead has shown a close relationship with the fine arts'world through the pigments used by artists for thousand of years. Close contact with potentially dangerous chemical substances for health, almost always without occupational hygiene and safety measures, has produced, in many cases, occupational illnesses in these artists, sometimes suspected and in other cases, more than confirmed. In the present work, the history of Miguel Angel Buonarroti's working life is analyzed, since there is sufficient record to establish a causal link with occupational exposure to Lead.

Lic. María Elena Jiménez Arias (1948˗2021): artífice de la revista Medisan / Lic. María Elena Jiménez Arias (1948-2021): author of Medisan magazine

Con este artículo se desea honrar la memoria de la Lic. María Elena Jiménez Arias, fundadora del Centro Provincial de Información de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba y artífice de la revista Medisan, quien, desde un profundo conocimiento de la lengua española y el amor por su profesión, se dedicó a revisar y mejorar estilísticamente documentos biomédicos de muy variada índole durante cuatro décadas. Asimismo, fue loable su interés y placer en enseñar a redactar y publicar sobre medicina y otras ciencias afines, lo cual le concedió un meritorio lugar en la comunidad de profesionales de la salud de esta provincia y en el grupo de editores científicos de toda Cuba.

With this work it is wanted to honor the memory of the Lic. María Elena Jiménez Arias, founder of the Information Provincial Center of Medical Sciences from Santiago de Cuba and author of Medisan magazine, who, from a deep knowledge of the Spanish language and the love for her profession, devoted her life to stylistically revise and improve biomedical documents of very varied nature during four decades. Also, her interest and pleasure in teaching how to edit and publish on medicine and other similar sciences was commendable, that granted her a meritorious place in the community of health professionals from this province and in the group of scientific editors of all Cuba.

Dmitri Shostakovich: a work of virtuosity or a profitable misfortune? / Dmitri Shostakovich: ¿virtuosismo o infortunio provechoso?

Abstract Dmitri Shostakovich was one of the greatest composers of 20th century, famous for his piano and violin compositions. One of the compositions, the 5th symphony, is arguably his greatest work, which brought him back to the grace of the Soviet authorities in a moment of a political crisis in Russia. Among the experts, there is a theory which supports that Shostakovich's talent was due to a traumatic brain injury involving a shrapnel. Moreover, he might have suffered from a neurodegenerative process throughout his life. In this paper, we intend to discuss these viewpoints.

RESUMEN Dmitri Shostakovich fue uno de los más renombrados compositores del siglo XX, famoso por sus obras para violín y piano. Su Quinta Sinfonía, es para muchos su obra más importante. Esta pieza le trajo gran simpatía con las autoridades militares en un momento de crisis en la Unión Soviética. Entre opiniones de expertos, existe una teoría que postula que el talento de Shostakovich es secundario a un trauma craneoencefálico producido por herida de metralla. También se cree que pudo haber sufrido de un proceso neurodegenerativo. Nuestra intención en el presente artículo es discutir estos puntos de vista.

Homenaje póstumo al Dr. Claudio Julio Puente Fonseca (1945-2021) / Posthumous tribute to Dr. Claudio Julio Puente Fonseca (1945 - 2021)

En este artículo se mencionan algunos aspectos de la vida y obra del doctor Claudio Julio Puente Fonseca, Especialista de Segundo Grado en Cirugía Pediátrica, Profesor Titular y Consultante de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba. Durante varios años fue el Jefe del Grupo Provincial de la especialidad. Sus logros en la asistencia, docencia, contribución al uso correcto de la lengua española y de la terminología médica fueron relevantes para sus alumnos y colegas.

Some aspects of the life and work of Dr. Claudio Julio Puente Fonseca, Second Degree Specialist in Pediatric Surgery, Associate and Consultant Professor in Santiago Medical Sciences University, are mentioned in this work. During several years he was the Provincial Group Head of the Speciality. His achievements in assistance, teaching, contributions to the correct use of Spanish and of the medical terminology were relevant for his pupils and colleagues.

Paul Klee y la esclerosis sistémica / Paul Klee and systemic sclerosis

Paul Klee representa uno de los pilares del arte de vanguardia del principio del siglo XX. Produjo una ingente cantidad de obras artísticas en sus 60 años de vida. La esclerosis sistémica se manifestó cinco años antes de morir, pero no por ello redujo su actividad creadora. En este artículo se analiza su historia y su enfermedad que tanto influyeron en su obra, y que lo convirtieron en ejemplo paradigmático de resiliencia ante la adversidad.

Paul Klee represents one of the pillars of avant-garde art of the early 20th century. He produced an enormous amount of artistic works in the sixty years of his life. Systemic sclerosis appeared five years before he died, but this did not reduce his creative activity. This article analyzes his life and his illness that so influenced his work and that is a paradigmatic example of resilience in the face of adversity.

Niurka Meneses Moreno, la pasión por la Homeopatía (primera de dos partes) / Niurka Meneses Moreno, the passion for Homeopathy (first of two parts)

Cubana de nacimiento, la doctora Niurka Meneses Moreno puede considerarse una ciudadana universal ya que ha tenido un sinnúmero de experiencias en varias latitudes del mundo. Como ocurre con frecuencia con muchos expertos en Homeopatía, la doctora Meneses experimentó en carne propia los beneficios de la medicina hahnemanniana. Desde adolescente tuvo muchos problemas con el asma, al grado de sufrir un paro cardiorrespiratorio producto de los efectos de un medicamento.

El médico Homeópata y la Homeopatía. Reflexiones del Doctor Vicente Rosas Landa Lechuga / The Homeopathic physician and Homeopathy. Reflections of Doctor Vicente Rosas Landa Lechuga

La historia e identidad de toda profesión se construye a través de la experiencia de quienes la integran. La profesión médico homeopática y la Homeopatía mexicana cuentan, a lo largo de más de 127 años, con una amplia gama de hechos y situaciones acaecidas en nuestro país y que nos permiten caracterizarla. Tener la posibilidad de que los propios actores puedan compartir de viva voz su vida profesional, resulta invaluable para las futuras generaciones. A través de este documento se presenta una entrevista al doctor Vicente Rosas Landa Lechuga, personaje muy significativo para la comunidad médico homeopática, sobre diversos temas relevantes respecto a la profesión y al campo de la Homeopatía.

The history and identity of every profession is built through the experience of its members. "The homeopathic medical profession and Mexican Homeopathy, over more than one hundred and twenty-seven years, have undergone a wide range of events and situations that occured in Mexico and therfore, allow us to characterize it. Having the possibility of the actors themselves to share their professional lives, is invaluable for future generations. Through this document, an interview is conducted to Dr. Vicente Rosas Landa Lechuga, a very significant person for the homeopathic medical community, on various relevant topics about the profession and the field of Homeopathy.

Formações discursivas sobre homossexualidade e família homoparental em telenovelas brasileiras / Discursive formations on homosexuality and homoparenthood in brazilian soap opera / Formaciones discursivas sobre homosexualidad y familia homoparental en telenovelas brasileñas

Na história da televisão brasileira, a novela é um produto popular que adquiriu características próprias e incorporou uma série de personagens homossexuais. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as formações discursivas sobre homossexualidade e família homoparental em telenovelas brasileiras veiculadas em horário nobre. Foi realizada pesquisa qualitativa e estabelecidos critérios para composição do corpus a partir de cenas de três telenovelas da década de 2010, que performavam personagens homossexuais ao longo de toda a trama. As cenas selecionadas foram transladadas/transcritas. Os dados foram analisados conforme o referencial teórico dos estudos queer e dos estudos culturais. A análise demonstrou que a representação de personagens homossexuais nas novelas se apoia largamente em clichês. Se, por um lado, houve considerável incremento e diversificação dessas representações, o mesmo não ocorreu com a visibilidade em relação à família homoparental. Nota-se, assim, que a telenovela pode operar como potente instrumento de normalização e regulação das sexualidades e desejos.(AU)

The soap opera is a popular product within the history of Brazilian television, which acquired its own features and incorporated a series of homosexual characters. This article aims to analyze discursive formations on homosexuality and homoparenthood in prime time Brazilian soap operas. This qualitative research was conducted with scenes of three 2010s soap operas that include homosexual characters throughout their plot. Selected scenes were translated/transcribed and analyzed in the light of queer studies and cultural studies. The results indicate that these serial programs heavily rely on stereotypes for representing homosexual characters. Despite the considerable increase and diversification in the representation of gay characters, the same did not occur with the visibility of homoparenthood. Thus, soap operas can be a powerful instrument of normalization and regulation of sexualities and desires.(AU)

En la historia de la televisión brasileña, la telenovela es un producto popular, que adquirió características propias e incorporó una serie de personajes homosexuales. Este artículo pretende analizar las formaciones discursivas sobre homosexualidad y familia homoparental en telenovelas brasileñas, vehiculadas en la hora de mayor audiencia. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa y se estableció criterios para la composición del corpus a partir de escenas de tres telenovelas de la década de 2010 que tuvieran personajes gais en la trama. Las escenas seleccionadas fueron trasladadas/transcritas. Los datos se analizaron conforme el referencial teórico de los estudios queer y de estudios culturales. El análisis demostró que la representación de personajes homosexuales en las telenovelas se apoya ampliamente en clichés. Por un lado, hubo considerable aumento y diversificación de las representaciones de personajes gais, por otro, lo mismo no ocurrió con la visibilización de la familia homoparental. Se observa que la telenovela puede ser potente instrumento de normalización y regulación de las sexualidades y los deseos.(AU)

Los dilemas del doctor Máximo Zertucha Ojeda, médico militar en la guerra del 95 / The dilemmas of Dr. Máximo Zertucha Ojeda, a military doctor in the war of 95

El Dr. Máximo Zertucha Ojeda fue un médico militar que participó en la guerra de 1895 y llegó a ser el médico personal de Antonio Maceo. Luego de la muerte del Titán de Bronce, el galeno abandonó las filas del Ejército Libertador para acogerse al indulto español. Esta grave decisión suscitó una intensa polémica que mucho daño causó al prestigio del médico, a pesar de lo cual regresó y fue juzgado por un consejo de guerra que lo exoneró de responsabilidades y le permitió su reincorporación a las huestes mambisas. Es objetivo de este artículo analizar la deserción del Dr. Zertucha en el contexto de la muerte de Antonio Maceo y determinar si el galeno aportó informaciones al enemigo español para facilitar la captura y muerte del Titán de Bronce. Se rectifican imprecisiones publicadas relacionadas con las causas de su traslado a México donde culminó los estudios de Medicina, los trámites realizados en la Universidad de La Habana para revalidar el título y su fecha de graduado. Se comentan aspectos de su infancia y juventud, así como incorporación a la contienda guerrera. Se analiza la repercusión que tuvieron los sucesos de San Pedro y la tergiversación por diferentes órganos de prensa en Cuba y en el extranjero. Se destacan los argumentos del médico en su defensa así como otros elementos a su favor ofrecidos por diferentes colegas(AU)

Dr. Máximo Zertucha Ojeda was a military doctor who participated in the war of 1895 and became Antonio Maceo's personal physician. After the death of the Bronze Titan, the doctor left the ranks of the Liberating Army to seek a Spanish pardon. This serious decision provoked an intense polemic that caused much damage to the prestige of the doctor, in spite of which he returned and was judged by a court martial that exonerated him of responsibilities and allowed his reinstatement to the mambisas hosts. The aim of this article is to analyse the desertion of the Dr. Zertucha in the context of Antonio Maceo death and decide if the doctor contributed informations to the spanish enemy to facilitate the capture and death of theTitam of bronze. Published inaccuracies related to the causes of his transfer to Mexico, where he completed his medical studies, the procedures carried out at the University of Havana to revalidate the degree and his date of graduation, are rectified. Aspects of his childhood and youth are commented, as well as incorporation to the war struggle. The repercussion of the events of San Pedro and the distortion by different press organs in Cuba and abroad is analyzed. The arguments of the doctor in his defense are highlighted as well as other elements in his favor offered by different colleagues(AU)