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1.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 122(4): e202310275, ago. 2024. tab
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1562313

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La pandemia por COVID-19 ha tenido un impacto profundo en la salud de la población joven de todo el mundo y especialmente en personas con trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA) por situaciones de estrés, ansiedad y cambios en el acceso a la atención médica. Objetivo. Explorar las percepciones de adolescentes sobre los cambios en sus vínculos sociales y modalidades de atención en pacientes con TCA. Población y métodos. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo a través de entrevistas en profundidad a adolescentes con TCA en un hospital universitario durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Resultados. Se entrevistó a 15 adolescentes; el 93 % fueron mujeres y la mediana de edad fue 18 años. El 86,6 % tuvo anorexia nerviosa. Los aspectos negativos percibidos más importantes fueron los malestares en la convivencia familiar (80 %) y la disconformidad con los contenidos de las redes sociales sobre la imagen corporal y dietas (73 %). Los aspectos percibidos positivos fueron la ayuda de los pares (66 %) y mejoras en relación con la alimentación (66 %). El principal cambio identificado en comparación con el tratamiento recibido previo a la pandemia por COVID-19 fue el seguimiento virtual por salud mental (73 %). Conclusión. La población adolescente con TCA durante el ASPO manifestó malestar en la convivencia familiar y disconformidad en los contenidos en redes sociales sobre imagen corporal y dietas. Aunque resaltaron como aspectos positivos la ayuda de los pares y mejoras en su alimentación


Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on the health of young people worldwide, especially on people with eating disorders (EDs) due to the stress, anxiety, and changes experienced in access to health care. Objective. To explore adolescents' perceptions on changes in their social ties and the modalities of health care for patients with EDs. Population and methods. Qualitative study using in-depth interviews with adolescents with EDs seen at a teaching hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results. Fifteen adolescents were interviewed; their mean age was 18 years; 93% were girls. Anorexia nervosa was observed in 86.6%. The most relevant negative aspects perceived were discomfort with family life (80%) and dissatisfaction with social media content regarding body image and dieting (73%). The aspects perceived as positive were peer support (66%) and improvements in eating habits (66%). The main change identified regarding the management before the COVID-19 pandemic was online followup by the mental healthcare team (73%). Conclusion. The adolescent population with EDs during the mandatory social isolation period reported discomfort with family life and dissatisfaction with social media content regarding body image and dieting. Notwithstanding this, adolescents highlighted peer support and improvements in their eating habits as positive aspects.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Feeding and Eating Disorders/therapy , Feeding and Eating Disorders/epidemiology , COVID-19/psychology , COVID-19/epidemiology , Social Isolation/psychology , Social Support , Body Image/psychology , Qualitative Research , Pandemics , Social Media
2.
Rev. Nutr. (Online) ; 36: e220086, 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1521592

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: The study aimed to investigate the relationships between body mass index, reasons for consuming palatable foods, emotional eating, cognitive dietary restraint, and disordered eating behaviors in young adults. Methods: This study was conducted with 800 young adults, in Ankara, Türkiye. A questionnaire consisting of questions about socio-demographic characteristics, health status, and instruments including Eating Attitudes Test-26, Emotional Appetite Questionnaire, Palatable Eating Motives Scale, and The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire were applied through face-to-face interviews. Results: According to the Eating Attitudes Test-26, 17.2% of males and 27.7% of females were at risk for disordered eating behaviors (χ2=9.750, p=0.002). The mean scores of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-emotional eating, cognitive restraint subscales, and the positive and negative scores of the Emotional Appetite Questionnaire were higher in males than in females (p<0.05). The mean scores of the Palatable Eating Motives Scale-coping and reward enhancement motives were higher in females, while the mean score for the conformity motives was significantly higher in males. Body mass index, Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-cognitive restraint subscale, Emotional Appetite Questionnaire-negative, and PEMS-conformity motives were found for predictors for Eating Attitudes Test-26 (all p<0.05). Conclusion: The results showed a high tendency for emotional eating, consumption of palatable foods, and cognitive dietary restraint in young adults, and these factors were considered determinants for eating disorders.


RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi investigar as relações entre o índice de massa corporal, as razões para consumir alimentos palatáveis, o comer emocional, a restrição alimentar cognitiva e os comportamentos de desordem alimentar em jovens adultos. Métodos: Este estudo foi realizado com 800 jovens adultos, em Ancara, na Turquia. Foi aplicado um questionário composto por perguntas sobre características sociodemográficas, estado de saúde e instrumentos, incluindo o Eating Attitudes Test-26, o Emotional Appetite Questionnaire, a Palatable Eating Motives Scale e o The Three-Fator Eating Questionnaire, através de entrevistas presenciais. Resultados: De acordo com o Eating Attitudes Test-26, 17,2% dos homens e 27,7% das mulheres estavam em risco de desenvolver comportamentos alimentares desordenados (χ2=9,750, p=0,002). As pontuações médias do Three-Fator Eating Questionnaire-emotional eating, as subescalas de restrição cognitiva e as pontuações positivas e negativas do Emotional Appetite Questionnaire foram mais elevadas no sexo masculino do que no feminino (p<0,05). As pontuações médias da Palatable Eating Motives Scale - motivos de coping e de aumento da recompensa - foram mais elevadas no sexo feminino, enquanto a pontuação média para os motivos de conformidade foi significativamente mais elevada no sexo masculino. O índice de massa corporal, o Three-Fator Eating Questionnaire-subescala de contenção cognitiva, o Emotional Appetite Questionnaire-negativo e o PEMS-motores de conformidade foram encontrados como preditores do Eating Attitudes Test-26 (todos p<0,05). Conclusão: Os resultados mostraram uma elevada tendência para a alimentação emocional, o consumo de alimentos palatáveis e a restrição alimentar cognitiva em adultos jovens, sendo estes factores considerados determinantes para as perturbações alimentares.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Body Mass Index , Feeding Behavior/psychology , Turkey/ethnology , Health Status , Cross-Sectional Studies , Young Adult
3.
Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 60(2): 195-205, jun. 2022. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388434

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: Antecedentes: Los trastornos alimentarios (TCA) presentan entre sus síntomas disfunciones psicosociales como ansiedad social, alexitimia y falta de asertividad. Objetivo: Se propone un modelo explicativo/comprensivo que integra aspectos de psiconeurobiología y comportamiento útil para la clínica. Método: Se evaluó una revisión de la literatura en Medline / PubMed, SciELO y bases de datos de textos especializados con criterios de calidad. Fueron seleccionados conceptos centrales para construir una coherencia que permitiera la lectura psiconeurobiológica del fenómeno y su aplicación clínica. Resultados: Cuatro factores fueron dispuestos a significar: 1- sistema de alarma; 2- sistema de recompensa 3- cerebro social; 4-mecanismos de control (inhibición/excitación). Se dispusieron mostrando la complejidad de su interacción psicofisiológica. Se sugiere que la ingesta de alimentos podría funcionar como una forma primaria de equilibrio cuando hay fallas en alguno de los sistemas expuestos. Conclusión: Se presenta un modelo de integración psiconeurobiológico útil para explicar la dificultad interpersonal en TCA. Esta forma de comprensión facilita: la conexión entre las investigaciones emergentes en TCA y DI; la toma de decisiones clínicas y orientan el pronóstico y las alternativas de tratamiento.


ABSTRACT Background: Eating disorders (ED) are characterized by psychosocial disfunctions, like social anxiety, alexithymia and lack of assertiveness. Objective: To propose a comprehensive integrative model including neurobiology and behavior aspects. Method: A literature review on Medline/PubMed, SciELO and specialized texts databases were assessed against quality criteria. Core concepts were extracted and coherence articulated. Results: Four factors were disposed to meaning: alarm and reward system with social brain and control (inhibition/excitation) mechanisms. They were articulate in a complex psychophysiological interplay. They were associated with social behaviours achieved/not achieved during development. Food intake could operate like a pathological balance to psychopathological effects Conclusion: An explanatory/comprehensive psychoneurobiological model to understand social function in ED is proposed. This form of understanding facilitates: the connection between emerging research in eating disorders and ID; clinical decision-making and guide the prognosis and treatment alternatives.


Subject(s)
Humans , Social Adjustment , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Interpersonal Relations , Neurobiology , Models, Psychological
4.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1369796

ABSTRACT

Las (os, es) adolescentes transgénero presentan trastorno de conducta alimentaria (TCA) entre otras condiciones asociadas y debe ser comprendida e intervenida adecuadamente por las(os) profesionales, ya que de lo contrario puede llevar a agravar la salud mental de esta población adolescente. MÉTODOS: Se realiza revisión de la literatura publicada en revistas científicas indexadas en PUBMED y Google Académico entre los años 2015 y 2021. RESULTADOS: Existen escasas publicaciones de esta co-ocurrencia en la literatura internacional e inexistente a nivel nacional, además de que no se describen modelos especializados de intervención. Como aspecto central de esta co-ocurrencia emerge la insatisfacción corporal con el desarrollo de los caracteres sexuales secundarios. Se observan diferencias en la presentación del TCA en mujer trans y hombre trans. Existen factores de riesgo a la base, particularmente estrés de minorías y factores protectores como el apoyo familiar. Se propone y describe un modelo de estadios, enfocado en la prevención, particularmente en los primeros signos de insatisfacción corporal. Un estadio de intervención que incorpora principalmente tratamiento médico afirmativo, el cual favorece la disminución de la insatisfacción corporal y finalmente como una última etapa el seguimiento de logros y apoyo en recaídas. CONCLUSIONES: En la evaluación e intervención es importante detectar a tiempo en la etapa puberal, incorporar tratamiento afirmativo médico, apoyar en factores protectores y de riesgo, no visualizar al TCA en esta población como una comorbilidad patológica y realizar seguimiento de recaídas.


Transgender adolescents present eating disorders (ED), among other associated conditions, and professionals must suitably understand and intervene; otherwise, this can worsen the mental health of this adolescent population. METHODS: Review of the literature published in scientific journals indexed in PUBMED and Google Scholar, between 2015 and 2021. RESULTS: There is a limited number of publications on this co-occurrence in the international literature and none whatsoever domestically, while those found do not describe specialized intervention models. Body dissatisfaction, with the development of secondary sexual features, emerges as a core aspect of this co-occurrence. Differences are observed in the presentation of EDs in trans men and trans women. There are base risk factors, particularly minority stress, and protective factors, like family support. A model with stages is described and proposed, focused on prevention, particularly for the first signs of body dissatisfaction, with an intervention stage that mainly includes affirmative medical treatment, favoring the reduction of body dissatisfaction; and finally, the last stage monitors achievements and gives support when facing relapses. CONCLUSIONS: Both in the evaluation and intervention, it is important to detect this early, in puberty, to incorporate affirmative medical treatment, to give support for protective and risk factors, without labeling EDs as a comorbid pathology, and to carry out a follow-up on relapses.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Feeding and Eating Disorders/therapy , Transgender Persons/psychology , Social Support , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Risk Factors , Protective Factors , Body Dissatisfaction/psychology
5.
Psicol. rev ; 30(2): 433-458, dez. 2021. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1392381

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a produção científica sobre transtornos alimentares na área da psicologia. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura nas bases de dados EBSCO, SciELO e PePSIC, tendo como período de busca os anos de 2009 a 2019. A análise qualitativa dos dados foi realizada em duas etapas. Primeiramente, os resumos dos estudos encontrados foram lidos e classificados quanto às características das amostras, às características metodológicas e aos temas investigados. Em um segundo momento, foram selecionados apenas os estudos que abordam possibilidades de intervenções psicológicas em tratamentos focados na anorexia, na bulimia nervosa e no transtorno de compulsão alimentar para uma análise aprofun-dada. Para essa última, os estudos foram lidos na íntegra e classificados com base em duas categorias: 1) Resultados referentes às intervenções com os pacientes; e, 2) Resultados referentes às intervenções com os familiares. Os resultados apresentaram exclusivamente intervenções grupais, seja para os pacientes, seja para seus familiares. Os profissionais da psicologia operam com grupos de apoio, sendo esses uma maneira efetiva para alcançar ressignifica-ções sobre os sentimentos e experiências relativos aos transtornos alimentares. Discute-se a importância de o profissional da psicologia estar preparado para lidar com o tratamento dessa psicopatologia em específico.


The present study aimed to investigate the Brazilian scientific production on eating disorders in Psychology. A systematic literature review was conducted in the EBSCO, SciELO and PePSIC databases with the search period of the 2009 to 2019. Qualitative data analysis was performed in two steps. Firstly, the abstracts of the studies were read and classified according to the characteristics of samples, the methodological characteristics and the investigation themes. In a second moment, only studies addressing the possibility of psychological interventions in anorexia, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder were selected for further analysis. For this, the full articles were read and classified based on two categories: 1) Results about interventions with patients, and; 2) Results about interventions with family members. The results showed a predo-minance of group interventions and none individually, either for patients or their families. Psychologists work with support groups, which are an effective way to achieve resignifications about feelings and experiences with eating disorders. The importance of the psychology professional being prepared to deal with the treatment of this specific psychopathology is discussed.


Este estudio tiene como objetivo investigar la producción científica sobre trastornos alimentarios en el campo de la psicología. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura en las bases de datos EBSCO, SciELO y Pepsic (2009 a 2019). El análisis cualitativo se realizó en dos etapas. En primer lugar, los resúmenes de los estudios fueron leídos y clasificados por las características de las muestras, las características metodológicas y los temas investigados. En un segundo momento, se seleccionaron sólo los estudios que abordan posibilidades de intervenciones psicológicas en tratamientos enfocados en la anorexia, la bulimia nerviosa y el trastorno de compulsión alimentaria, para un análisis profundo. Para esto, los estudios se han leído en su totalidad y se han clasificado en dos categorías: 1) Resultados relativos a las intervenciones con pacientes; y, 2) Resultados relativos a las intervenciones con familiares. Los resultados presentaron exclusivamente intervenciones grupales, ya sea para los pacientes o para sus familiares. Los profesionales de la psicología operan con grupos de apoyo, siendo éstos una manera efectiva para lograr resignificaciones sobre los sentimientos y experiencias. Se discute la impor-tancia de que el profesional de la psicología esté preparado para hacer frente al tratamiento de esta psicopatología en específico.


Subject(s)
Research , Anorexia , Feeding and Eating Disorders , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Bulimia Nervosa , Binge-Eating Disorder , Psychology , Emotions
6.
Aval. psicol ; 20(3): 263-273, jul.-set. 2021. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1345362

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi adaptar e validar o Inventário de Desordem Alimentar (EDI-3) para o contexto brasileiro. O EDI-3 contém 91 itens e 12 subescalas. Participaram 664 pessoas com idades entre 14 e 51 anos (M = 22,33; DP = 5,63), sendo 71 adolescentes estudantes de ensino médio, 512 adultos universitários e uma amostra clínica composta por 81 participantes. Análises fatoriais confirmatórias indicaram que o Componente de Risco de Transtorno Alimentar (EDRC) apresentou estrutura trifatorial com bons indicadores de ajuste, enquanto o Componente de Desajustamento Psicológico Geral (GPMC) apresentou melhores indicadores no modelo tetrafatorial. A consistência interna mostrou-se adequada para maioria das subescalas. Comparação de grupos apresentou indícios complementares de acurácia no instrumento. Confia-se que essa medida possa ser apta para o uso em pesquisas e no contexto da avaliação clínica. (AU)


The aim of this study was to adapt and validate the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI-3) for the Brazilian context. The EDI-3 contains 91 items and 12 subscales. A group of 664 people aged of 14 to 51 years (M=22.33; SD=5.63) participated in the study, 71 high school students and 512 university students and a clinical sample of 81 participants. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the Eating Disorder Risk Composite (EDRC) showed a three-factor structure with good fit indicators, while the General Psychological Maladjustment Composite (GPMC) showed better indicators in the four-factor model. Internal consistency was adequate for most subscales. Group comparisons showed complementary evidence of instrument reliability. The results indicate that this measure may be suitable for use in research and in the clinical evaluation scenario. (AU)


El objetivo de este estudio fue adaptar y validar el Inventario de Trastornos Alimentarios (EDI-3) para el contexto brasileño. El EDI-3 contiene 91 ítems y 12 subescalas. Participaron 664 personas de entre 14 y 51 años (M = 22.33; DS = 5.63), de los cuales, 71 estudiantes adolescentes de secundaria, 512 adultos universitarios y una muestra clínica compuesta por 81 participantes. Los análisis factoriales confirmatorios indicaron que el Componente de Riesgo de Trastorno Alimentario (EDRC) presentó una estructura de tres factores con buenos índices de ajuste, mientras que el Componente de Desajuste Psicológico General (GPMC) presentó mejores indicadores en el modelo tetrafactorial. La consistencia interna demostró ser adecuada para la mayoría de las subescalas. La Comparación de Grupos mostró evidencias adicionales de precisión en el instrumento. Confiamos en que esta medida pueda ser adecuada para su uso en investigación y en el contexto de la evaluación clínica. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Students , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Psychometrics , Translations , Brazil , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Reproducibility of Results , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Education, Primary and Secondary
7.
Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 59(2): 102-112, jun. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388382

ABSTRACT

ANTECENTES: Impulsividad y asertividad son dos de los rasgos más estudiados en los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA), aunque la impulsividad no ha sido suficientemente caracterizada y la evidencia en cuanto a asertividad es insuficiente. OBJETIVO: Analizar niveles de impulsividad y asertividad en mujeres con y sin TCA. MÉTODO: Se llevó a cabo un estudio analítico transversal, con muestreo no probabilístico en pacientes de sexo femenino con TCA, contrastándolas con mujeres controles sin TCA. Se aplicaron el Test de Actitudes Alimentarias (EAT-40), las escalas de Barratt (BIS) y de Rathus (RAS) a 42 sujetos controles y 42 con TCA. RESULTADOS: No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre grupos en cuanto a características sociodemográficas. El puntaje del EAT-40 fue mayor en las pacientes con TCA (p=0,000). No hubo diferencias significativas en RAS total, excepto en las subescalas R1 (p= 0,004) y R3 (p=0,035). El puntaje BIS total también tuvo diferencias significativas (p=0,003) así como las subescalas de Impulsividad Cognitiva (IC) (p=0,000) y de Impulsividad Motora (IM) (p=0,0032). Hubo correlación positiva, estadísticamente significativa entre los puntajes totales del EAT-40 y RAS, y las subescalas R1 y R2, y negativa entre EAT-40 y BIS, y las subescalas IC e IM. CONCLUSIONES: Las pacientes con TCA presentan niveles más elevados de impulsividad y más bajos de asertividad.


BACKGROUND: Impulsivity and assertiveness are two of the most studied features in eating disorders (ED), although impulsivity has not been sufficiently characterized and the evidence regarding assertiveness is scarce. OBJECTIVE: To analyse levels of impulsivity and assertiveness in women with and without ED. METHOD: A cross-sectional analytical study, with non-probabilistic sampling in female patients with ED was carried out, contrasting them with women without ED as controls. The Eating Attitude Test (EAT-40), the Barratt (BIS) and Rathus (RAS) scales were applied to 42 control subjects and 42 patients with ED. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences between groups in terms of sociodemographic characteristics. EAT-40 scores were higher in eating disordered patients (p = 0.000). There were no statistically significant differences between groups in total RAS scores, except for R1 (p = 0.004) and R3 (p = 0.035) subscales. Total BIS score also had statistically significant differences (p = 0.003) as well as Cognitive Impulsivity (CI) (p = 0.000) and Motor Impulsivity (IM) subscales (p = 0.0032). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between total scores of EAT-40 and RAS, and R1 and R2 subscales, and a statistically significant negative one between EAT-40 and BIS, and IC and IM subscales. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with ED have higher levels of impulsivity and lower levels of assertiveness.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Assertiveness , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Impulsive Behavior , Cross-Sectional Studies , Interviews as Topic
8.
Psico (Porto Alegre) ; 52(1): 35452, 2021.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1282725

ABSTRACT

Emotional Eating (EE) is defined as eating under the influence of negative emotions, and is associated with Eating Disorders, impulsivity, depression and weight gain. However, previous literature is not clear regarding how these variables explain EE. The present study aimed to identify predictors of EE and its relationship to impulsivity, depression, eating style, and weight status in young adults. Sex differences in eating style were examined, and differences in EE between obese/overweight and normal/underweight individuals were tested. Two-hundred college students completed online questionnaires assessing all variables. Low inhibitory control, depression symptoms, female sex, and higher body mass index significantly predicted scores on EE. Obese/overweight and female participants presented increased EE. Correlation analysis evidenced positive associations between EE, Uncontrolled Eating, body mass, and low inhibitory control. Results indicate that EE is related to psychological factors such as impulsivity and depression, and biological factors, such as sex and body mass.


Alimentação Emocional (AE) é definida como comer sob influência de emoções negativas e está associada a transtornos alimentares, impulsividade, depressão e ganho de peso. Entretanto, a literatura não é clara sobre como essas variáveis explicam AE. Este estudo buscou identificar preditores da AE e sua relação com impulsividade, depressão, estilo alimentar e peso corporal em jovens adultos. Foram examinadas diferenças entre sexo no estilo alimentar e diferenças na AE entre indivíduos obesos/com sobrepeso e normais/abaixo do peso. Duzentos estudantes universitários preencheram questionários online avaliando todas variáveis. Baixo controle inibitório, sintomas de depressão, sexo feminino e maior índice de massa corporal predisseram AE. Indivíduos obesos/com excesso de peso e do sexo feminino apresentaram aumento da AE. Foram evidenciadas correlações positivas entre Descontrole Alimentar, peso corporal e baixo controle inibitório. Os resultados indicam que a AE está relacionada a fatores psicológicos, como impulsividade e depressão, e biológicos, como sexo e massa corporal.


Alimentación emocional (AE) se define como comer bajo la influencia de emociones negativas y se asocia con trastornos alimentarios, impulsividad, depresión y aumento de peso. Sin embargo, la literatura no es clara acerca de cómo estas variables explican AE. Este estudio buscó identificar predictores de AE y su relación con impulsividad, depresión, estilo de alimentación y peso corporal en jovenes adultos. Se examinaron diferencias entre sexo en el estilo de alimentación y diferencias en AE entre sujetos obesos/con sobrepeso y normales/con bajo peso. Doscientos estudiantes universitarios completaron cuestionarios en línea evaluando todas variables. Bajo control inhibitorio, síntomas de depresión, género femenino y índice de masa corporal más alto predijeron AE. Personas obesas/con sobrepeso y mujeres mostraron aumento de AE. Se evidenciaron correlaciones positivas entre comida no controlada, peso corporal y bajo control inhibitorio. AE está relacionada con factores psicológicos, como impulsividad y depresión, y biológicos, como género y masa corporal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Depression/psychology , Impulsive Behavior , Weight Gain , Sex Factors , Emotions
9.
Psicol. Estud. (Online) ; 26: e47361, 2021.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1351353

ABSTRACT

RESUMO. Transtornos alimentares, como a bulimia, são psicopatologias de etiologia multifatorial que têm nas relações familiares um dos principais fatores desencadeadores e mantenedores dos sintomas. Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar as vivências das relações familiares na perspectiva de uma jovem diagnosticada com bulimia, de sua mãe e seu pai. Trata-se de um estudo de caso qualitativo, descritivo e transversal, cujo delineamento abarca a tríade pai-mãe-filha. Foram entrevistados três membros de uma família (pai, mãe e filha diagnosticada com bulimia). Os dados foram coletados por meio de roteiros de entrevista semiestruturada e analisados pela perspectiva do referencial teórico psicanalítico, a partir da construção de categorias temáticas. Os resultados mostraram que, assim como a filha, os pais também apresentaram fragilidades no seu desenvolvimento emocional, culminando em dificuldades no estabelecimento da diferenciação eu-outro nos membros da família. Essas dificuldades culminaram em vivências familiares de instabilidade, com vínculos de dependência impregnados por sensações paradoxais de invasão da intimidade e sentimentos de desamparo. Os resultados encontrados trazem avanços para o conhecimento da área, em especial no nível da compreensão das relações familiares no contexto da bulimia, e oferecem subsídios para o planejamento de ações e intervenções dos profissionais envolvidos na assistência a pacientes e familiares.


RESUMEN. Trastornos de la conducta alimentaria, como bulimia, son psicopatologías de etiología multifactorial que tienen las relaciones familiares como uno de los principales factores desencadenantes y mantenedores de los síntomas. Este estudio tuvo por objetivo analizar las vivencias de las relaciones familiares en la perspectiva de una joven diagnosticada con bulimia, de su madre y de su padre. Se trata de un estudio de caso cualitativo, descriptivo y transversal, con delineamiento compuesto por la tríada padre-madre-hija. Se entrevistaron a tres miembros de una familia (padre, madre e hija diagnosticada con bulimia). Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de guiones de entrevista semiestructurada y analizados por la perspectiva del referencial teórico psicoanalítico, a partir de la construcción de categorías temáticas. Los resultados mostraron que, al igual que la hija, los padres también presentaron fragilidades en su desarrollo emocional, culminando en dificultades en el establecimiento de la diferenciación yo-otro en esos miembros de la familia. Estas dificultades culminaron en vivencias familiares de inestabilidad, con vínculos de dependencia impregnados por sensaciones paradójales de invasión de la intimidad y sentimientos de desamparo. Los resultados encontrados contribuyen con avances en el conocimiento del área, en especial en el nivel de la comprensión de las relaciones familiares en el contexto de la bulimia, y ofrecen subsidios para acciones e intervenciones de los profesionales involucrados en la asistencia a pacientes y familiares.


ABSTRACT Eating disorders, such as bulimia, are psychopathologies of multifactorial etiology that have one of the primary triggerings and sustaining factors for symptoms in family relationships. This study aimed to analyze the experiences of family relationships from the perspective of a young woman diagnosed with bulimia, her mother and her father, who were interviewed. This is a qualitative, descriptive and cross-sectional case study whose design encompasses the father-mother-daughter triad. Data were collected through semi-structured interview scripts and analyzed from the perspective of the psychoanalytic theoretical framework, based on the construction of thematic categories. The results showed that, as the daughter, her parents also showed weaknesses in their emotional development, culminating in difficulties in establishing the self-other differentiation in these family members. These difficulties arose instability in family experiences, with dependence bonds permeated by paradoxical feelings of invasion of intimacy and helplessness. The results expand the knowledge of the field, especially in terms of understanding family relationships in the context of bulimia, and provide support for the actions and interventions planning of professionals involved in caring for patients and their families.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Bulimia Nervosa/psychology , Family Relations/psychology , Nuclear Family/psychology , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Emotions
10.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 91(5): 800-808, oct. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1144281

ABSTRACT

Los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA) han adquirido relevancia en la pediatría chilena. Su tratamiento debe ser realizado, de preferencia, por equipos multidisciplinarios especializados o con alto grado de capacitación en la problemática. Sin embargo, los pediatras generales tienen un rol fundamental tanto en la prevención como en la pesquisa temprana de estas patologías. El objetivo de esta publicación es proporcionarles recomendaciones prácticas sobre las intervenciones que pueden llevar a cabo durante la atención de adolescentes, para la prevención de los TCA, la pesquisa precoz y evaluación de quienes ya los presentan, y su derivación oportuna a tratamiento especializado.


Eating disorders (ED) have become relevant in Chilean pediatrics. Their treatment must be prefe rably carried out by multidisciplinary teams with specialty or a high degree of training in the pro blem. However, general pediatricians have a fundamental role both in the prevention and in the early detection of these pathologies. The purpose of this publication is to provide them with practical recommendations on interventions that can be carried out during adolescent care for the prevention of ED, the early detection and evaluation of those who already have them, and their timely referral to specialized treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Pediatrics/methods , Pediatrics/standards , Physician's Role/psychology , Feeding and Eating Disorders/diagnosis , Feeding and Eating Disorders/etiology , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Feeding and Eating Disorders/therapy , Pediatricians/standards , Pediatricians/psychology , Patient Care Team , Physical Examination/methods , Physical Examination/standards , Physician-Patient Relations , Primary Prevention/methods , Primary Prevention/standards , Referral and Consultation , Chile , Risk Factors , Early Diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Medical History Taking/methods , Medical History Taking/standards
11.
J. bras. psiquiatr ; 69(2): 117-125, abr.-jun. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1134950

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Identificar a frequência do comportamento de risco para ortorexia nervosa em uma amostra de indivíduos com idades entre 18 e 60 anos e associar com o estado nutricional (classificação do peso corporal) variáveis sociodemográficas e imagem corporal. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo transversal constituído por indivíduos de ambos os sexos. Utilizou-se o questionário ORTO-15 (com pontos de corte < 40 e < 35) para a identificação de comportamentos de risco para ortorexia e a Escala de Silhuetas para a imagem corporal. O estado nutricional foi avaliado por meio do índice de massa corporal, com peso e altura autorreferidos. Para a análise dos dados, aplicou-se o teste qui-quadrado, com nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: Participaram 430 indivíduos, sendo 56,7% (n = 244) mulheres, com idade para ambos os sexos entre 18,1 e 59,9 anos. Constatou-se maior número de participantes com risco para ortorexia ao utilizar o ponto de corte < 40 (91,4%, n = 393) quando comparado ao ponto de corte < 35 (54,4%, n = 234) (p < 0,0001). O estado nutricional não esteve associado ao comportamento ortoréxico (< 35, p = 0,68; < 40, p = 0,69), bem como à imagem corporal, em ambos os sexos (< 40 e < 35). A idade entre 40 e 60 anos associou-se com a presença de ortorexia (< 35) (p = 0,0005), enquanto não houve associação com as variáveis sexo, escolaridade, estado civil e renda (< 40 e < 35). CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados do presente estudo indicam alta frequência de comportamento de risco para ortorexia. Sugerimos a investigação da frequência nos diversos segmentos populacionais e dos fatores associados ao desenvolvimento de atitudes ortoréxicas.


OBJECTIVE: To identify the frequency of risky behavior for orthorexia nervosa in a sample of individuals aged between 18 and 60 years and associate it with nutritional status (classification of body weight), sociodemographic variables and body image. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study of individuals of both sexes. The ORTO-15 questionnaire (with cutoff points < 40 and < 35) was used to identify risk behaviors for orthorexia and the Silhouette Scale for body image perception. Nutritional status was assessed by body mass index, with self-reported weight and height. For data analysis, the chi-square test was applied, with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: 430 individuals participated, being 56.7% (n = 244) women, aged between 18.1 and 59.9 years for both sexes. There was a higher number of participants at risk for orthorexia when using the cutoff < 40 (91.4%, n = 393) when compared to the cutoff < 35 (54.4%, n = 234) (p < 0.0001). Nutritional status was not associated with orthorexic behavior (< 35, p = 0.68; < 40, p = 0.69), as well as body image in both sexes (< 40 and < 35). Age between 40 and 60 years was associated with the presence of Orthorexia (< 35) (p = 0.0005), while there was no association with gender, education, marital status and income (< 40 and < 35). CONCLUSION: The results of the present study indicate a high frequency of risk behavior for Orthorexia. We suggest investigating the frequency in the various population segments and the factors associated with the development of orthorexic attitudes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Body Image , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Feeding Behavior/psychology , Diet, Healthy , Perfectionism , Orthorexia Nervosa/psychology , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Health Risk Behaviors
12.
Braz. J. Psychiatry (São Paulo, 1999, Impr.) ; 42(3): 264-270, May-June 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1132075

ABSTRACT

Objective: To identify the frequency of disordered eating (DE) and unhealthy weight control behaviors (UWCB) among adolescents and associations with age, sex, actual weight status, perceived weight status, and body image dissatisfaction. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 1,156 adolescents. DE was assessed using a specific self-report questionnaire, UWCB by specific behaviors that were not typically recommended for weight management, and body dissatisfaction by Stunkard's silhouettes. Results: The frequency of DE was 17.3%, and that of UWCB, 31.9%; 80.1% of participants were dissatisfied with body image. Perception of oneself as overweight was associated with 1.795-fold odds of DE. Those with UWCB had 7.389-fold odds of DE, while DE increased the odds of UWCB 7.280-fold. Girls, participants who perceived themselves as overweight, and those who reported body dissatisfaction were 2.266, 2.381, and 1.752 times more likely to have UWCB, respectively. Conclusion: A high prevalence of UWCB and a moderate prevalence of DE behaviors was found in adolescents from the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Those who perceived themselves as overweight had more DE and UWCB, and both behaviors were related. UWCB was more common in girls and among those dissatisfied with their bodies.


Subject(s)
Risk-Taking , Body Weight , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Adolescent Behavior/psychology , Health Risk Behaviors , Body Dissatisfaction/psychology , Brazil/epidemiology , Feeding and Eating Disorders/epidemiology , Logistic Models , Sex Factors , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Diet, Reducing/adverse effects , Overweight/psychology , Overweight/epidemiology , Self Report
13.
Ágora (Rio J. Online) ; 23(1): 84-93, Jan.-Apr. 2020.
Article in English | INDEXPSI, LILACS | ID: biblio-1059207

ABSTRACT

Abstract: This study aims primarily to reflect on the role of symbiotic illusion in the construction of female identity in women with eating disorders (ED), using premises from psychoanalytic psychosomatics. Considering ED as psychopathologies related to the affective economy, Oedipal relations play crucial role in the process of identity constitution. Mother-daughter relationships in ED are shaped in the molds of symbiotic illusion, with weak father figures. We presented a case study to briefly illustrate the theoretical framework. The omissive posture of a father to interdict the symbiotic relation leads daughters to find themselves unable to libidinally invest in other objects.


Resumo: Este estudo teve como objetivo refletir sobre o papel da ilusão simbiótica na construção da identidade feminina em mulheres com transtornos alimentares (TAs), utilizando as premissas da psicossomática psicanalítica. Considerando-se os TAs como psicopatologias relacionadas à economia afetiva, as relações edípicas desempenham papel crucial no processo de construção de identidade. As relações mãe-filha nos TAs são moldadas pela ilusão simbiótica, com figuras paternas enfraquecidas. Nós apresentamos brevemente um estudo de caso para ilustrar os conceitos do referencial teórico. A postura omissa do pai para interditar a relação simbiótica com a mãe leva a filha à impossibilidade de investir libidinalmente em outros objetos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Psychophysiologic Disorders/psychology , Social Identification , Women/psychology , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Parent-Child Relations , Symbiosis , Anorexia Nervosa/psychology , Libido
15.
Psico USF ; 25(1): 101-113, jan.-mar. 2020. il, tab
Article in English | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1135700

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to examine current scientific production regarding sexuality-related issues in the context of eating disorders (ED). Searches were performed on PubMed, LILACS, CINAHL and PsycINFO, including papers published between 2008 and 2018, using the following descriptors: eating disorders, femininity, sexuality and sexual behavior. Nineteen studies were selected. Findings were systematized into two main thematic categories and showed, in general, that femininity can be a risk factor to the development of ED. Studies indicated that endorsing a gender role that is socially considered discrepant from biological sex, despite feminine or masculine, is related to ED symptomatology. Moreover, body dissatisfaction is positively correlated to sexual dysfunction. Interventions targeting prevention of ED should include sexuality-related issues by approaching probable negative consequences of adhering to female gender role social requirements and stereotypes, especially those related to body weight and body shape. (AU)


O estudo buscou examinar a produção científica atual acerca de questões relacionadas à sexualidade no contexto dos transtornos alimentares (TAs). As buscas foram realizadas nas bases de dados PubMed, LILACS, CINAHL e PsycINFO, incluindo artigos publicados entre 2008 e 2018, com os seguintes descritores: transtornos alimentares, feminilidade, sexualidade e comportamento sexual. Dezenove estudos foram selecionados. Os dados foram sistematizados em duas categorias principais e demonstraram, de maneira geral, que a feminilidade pode ser considerada como fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de TAs. Os estudos indicaram que assumir um papel de gênero socialmente considerado discrepante do sexo biológico, independentemente de se tratar do gênero feminino ou masculino, está relacionado com sintomatologia de TAs. Além disso, a insatisfação com a imagem corporal mostra-se positivamente correlacionada com disfunção sexual. Enfatiza-se a necessidade de incluir questões relacionadas à sexualidade em intervenções direcionadas à prevenção de TAs, abordando as possíveis consequências negativas de se aderir aos estereótipos e requisitos sociais típicos do gênero feminino, especialmente aqueles relacionados ao peso e à forma corporal. (AU)


El estudio buscó examinar la actual producción científica sobre los asuntos relacionados a la sexualidad en el contexto de los trastornos alimenticios (TAs). La búsqueda fue realizada en las bases de datos PubMed, LILACS, CINAHL y PsycINFO, incluyendo artículos publicados entre 2008 y 2018, con los siguientes descriptores: trastornos alimenticios, feminidad, sexualidad y comportamiento sexual. Diecinueve estudios fueron seleccionados. Los datos fueron sistematizados en dos categorías principales y demostraron, de manera general, que la feminidad puede ser considerada como un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de TAs. Los estudios indicaron que asumir un rol de género socialmente considerado discrepante del sexo biológico, independientemente de si se trata del género femenino o masculino, está relacionado con la sintomatología de TAs. Además, la insatisfacción con la imagen corporal se muestra positivamente correlacionada con la disfunción sexual. Se enfatiza la necesidad de incluir temas relacionados a sexualidad, en intervenciones direccionadas a la prevención de TAs, abordando las posibles consecuencias negativas de adherirse a los estereotipos y requisitos sociales típicos del género femenino, especialmente aquellos relacionados a peso y forma corporal. (AU)


Subject(s)
Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Sexuality/psychology , Femininity , Body Image/psychology , Databases, Bibliographic
16.
Salud pública Méx ; 62(1): 60-71, ene.-feb. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1365990

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Objetivo: Determinar la asociación de las conductas alimentarias de riesgo (CAR) y el hogar con el porcentaje de grasa corporal (PGC) en los adolescentes, modificado por sexo. Material y métodos: Se analizó la información de una cohorte de 2 388 adolescentes de Morelos, México, de 2004 a 2007. Se realizaron técnicas descriptivas y modelos de regresión lineal múltiple de efectos mixtos. Resultados: El cambio del PGC es -1.4 puntos porcentuales (EE 0.22), en hombres -3.1 (EE 0.35) y en mujeres 0.2 (EE 0.21). El cambio del PGC en relación con CAR y el hogar es diferente por sexo. El modelo múltiple muestra que realizar dieta se asocia con el incremento del PGC (1.25 IC95% 0.68-1.83) en mujeres y en hombres (1.74 IC95% 0.60-2.88). En relación con la familia, las mujeres muestran una relación positiva con el incremento del PGC de acuerdo con que sientan o no que su familia no las quiere a veces o nunca (valor p de tendencia <0.001); los hombres muestran en la variable de "Satisfecho de la ayuda que recibe se su familia" una asociación marginal. Conclusiones: Realizar dieta sin supervisión se asocia con el incremento en el PGC, lo que da un efecto contrario a lo deseado; esto se asocia con relaciones familiares y es diferente entre sexo.


Abstract: Objective: To determine the association of risky eating behaviors and the home with the percentage of body fat in adolescents, modified by gender. Materials and methods: We analyzed the information of a cohort of 2 388 adolescents from Morelos in Mexico, from 2004 to 2007. Descriptive techniques and multiple linear regression models of mixed effects were performed. Results: The change in body fat percentage (PGC) is -1.4 percentage points, in men -3.1, in women 0.2. The change of the PGC in relation to CAR's and the household is different by sex. The multiple model shows that diet is associated with an increase in PGC (1.25 IC95% 0.68-1.83) in women, in men of 1.74 (95% CI 0.60-2.88). In relation with the family, women show a positive relationship with the increase in the percentage of body fat according to whether they feel that their family does not love them sometimes or never (value p of trend <0.001), men show in the variable "Satisfied with the help your family receives", a marginal association. Conclusions: Performing a diet without supervision is associated with an increase in the PGC, giving an effect contrary to what is desired. This is associated with family relationships, and is different between sex.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Adipose Tissue , Family Relations/psychology , Feeding Behavior/psychology , Socioeconomic Factors , Exercise , Feeding and Eating Disorders/diagnosis , Sex Factors , Regression Analysis , Cohort Studies , Diet, Reducing/adverse effects , Diet, Reducing/psychology , Overweight/psychology , Adiposity , Mexico
17.
Einstein (São Paulo, Online) ; 18: eAO4908, 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1056047

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify symptoms of eating disorders and potential associations with risk of suicide and depressive symptoms in undergraduate students of health-related courses. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 271 students. The following instruments were used to identify symptoms of eating disorders: Eating Attitudes Test-26 and Bulimic Investigatory Test of Edinburgh. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview were used to screen for depressive symptoms and risk of suicide, respectively. Participants answered a questionnaire aimed to collect biodemographic data for economic classification of the sample. Results: Symptoms of eating disorders and bulimia nervosa were detected in 7.4% and 29.1% of students, respectively. Approximately 17.3% of students had symptoms of major depression, and 13.6% were at risk of suicide to some extent; risk of suicide was thought to be low in 7.4%, moderate in 0.7% and high in 5.5% of students in this subset. The risk of eating disorder development was correlated with the risk of suicide (p<0.001). Conclusion: Undergraduate students at risk of developing eating disorders, or with symptoms suggestive of depression, are more prone to commit suicide.


RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar sintomas de transtornos alimentares e possíveis associações com o risco de suicídio e sintomas depressivos em universitários de cursos de saúde. Métodos: Neste estudo de corte transversal, foram avaliados 271 estudantes. Foram utilizados os instrumentos Teste de Atitudes Alimentares e Bulimic Investigatory Test of Edinburgh, para identificação de sintomas de transtornos alimentares. Para o rastreamento de sintomas depressivos, foi usado o questionário de autoavaliação da Escala de Hamilton − Depressão, e o Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, para identificação do risco de suicídio. Todos os participantes responderam um questionário contendo informações sociodemográficas, para classificação econômica da amostra. Resultados: A frequência para sintomas de transtornos alimentares foi de 7,4% e de 29,1% para sintomas de bulimia nervosa. Cerca de 17,3% foram sintomáticos para depressão maior, e 13,6% tinham algum grau de risco de suicídio; destes, 7,4% foram considerados com risco de suicídio leve, 0,7% com risco moderado e 5,5% com risco alto de suicídio. Houve correlação entre risco para transtornos alimentares e risco de suicídio (p<0,001). Conclusão: Universitários com risco para os transtornos alimentares, bem como os que possuem sintomatologia sugestiva para depressão têm maior probabilidade de desenvolver o risco de suicídio.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Students, Health Occupations/psychology , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Depressive Disorder/psychology , Suicidal Ideation , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Severity of Illness Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors , Statistics, Nonparametric , Risk Assessment , Bulimia Nervosa/psychology , Middle Aged
19.
Rev. cuba. endocrinol ; 29(3): 1-12, set.-dic. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-978398

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Mediante la comprensión de los procesos biopsicosociales que subyacen a la ingesta excesiva de alimentos, se desea encontrar la solución a la epidemia de la obesidad. La edorexia constituye un síndrome psicológico en el que las personas que lo presentan tienen un apetito desproporcionado y excesivo. El diagnóstico diferencial de la edorexia se debe hacer con algunos de los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria y la hiperfagia inducida por fármacos. Objetivo: Realizar una breve revisión sobre la edorexia, sus aspectos conceptuales, algunas dimensiones con las que se relaciona, y su repercusión en la salud del ser humano. Método: Se utilizó como buscador de información científica Google Académico. Se emplearon como palabras clave: edorexia, trastornos de la conducta alimentaria, obesidad. Fueron evaluados artículos de revisión e investigación que, en general, tenían menos de 10 años de publicados. La búsqueda se realizó en idioma español, portugués e inglés. Los artículos seleccionados están indexados en diferentes bases de datos (PubMed, LILACS, Cochrane y SciElo), así como páginas web. Fueron excluidos aquellos que no cumplieron con los objetivos y criterios enunciados, lo que permitió el estudio de 60 documentos, de los cuales, 33 fueron referenciados. Conclusiones: Edorexia, o comer por apetito, enfatiza las conductas problemas asociadas a la obesidad, y se compone de 4 elementos fundamentales: la dependencia, la evitación, el componente emocional y el déficit de bienestar psicológico. Es causa de frecuentes secuelas físicas y psicológicas. Se debe prevenir e identificar precozmente, para realizar su adecuado tratamiento y así evitar la afectación de la calidad de vida del paciente(AU)


Introduction: A solution to the obesity epidemic is intended to be found by understanding the biopsychosocial processes underlying excessive food intake. Binge eating disorder (BED) is a psychological syndrome in which sufferers have excessive, disproportionate appetite. A differential diagnosis should be made between binge eating disorder and other eating disorders as well as drug-induced hyperphagia. Objective: Conduct a brief review about binge eating disorder, its conceptual aspects, some dimensions with which it relates, and its impact on human health. Method: Scientific information was obtained from the search engine Google Scholar using the key words binge eating disorder, eating disorders and obesity. Most of the reviews and research studies evaluated had been published in the past 10 years. The search was conducted in Spanish, Portuguese and English. The papers selected were indexed on various databases (PubMed, LILACS, Cochrane, SciELO) and webpages. After excluding papers not meeting the stated aims and criteria, the sample was composed of 60 documents of which 33 were referenced. Conclusions: Binge eating disorder, aka compulsive overeating, enhances the problem behavior associated to obesity, and consists of 4 main elements: dependence, avoidance, the emotional component and psychological well-being deficit. On the other hand, it is the cause of frequent physical and psychological disorders. Early prevention and identification as well as indication of the appropriate treatment are all fundamental so that the quality of life of patients is not affected(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Databases, Bibliographic/statistics & numerical data , Diagnosis, Differential , Obesity Management/statistics & numerical data , Quality of Life/psychology , Hyperphagia/prevention & control , Scientific and Technical Publications
20.
Rev. chil. neuropsicol. (En línea) ; 13(2): 1-8, dic. 2018. tab, ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1100331

ABSTRACT

Los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA), entre los que se encuentran la anorexia nerviosa (AN) y la bulimia nerviosa (BN), presentan una gran relevancia social, económica y sanitaria. Recientemente se ha observado que las alteraciones conductuales típicas de estas pacientes podrían ser explicadas, al menos en parte, por determinados déficits cognitivos. Es por ello que la evaluación neuropsicológica parece ser necesaria para obtener una mayor comprensión de esta clase de trastornos. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar si existían diferencias en el funcionamiento neuropsicológico de un grupo de mujeres jóvenes con AN y BN en comparación con otro grupo de mujeres sanas sin TCA (grupo control). Los resultados obtenidos pusieron de manifiesto que las pacientes con TCA presentaron una peor ejecución en la memoria audio-verbal y episódica, una menor flexibilidad cognitiva y una peor capacidad de planificación, en comparación con un grupo de mujeres normativas. No obstante, las pacientes de este estudio se encontraban dentro de los parámetros de normalidad en la memoria visoespacial, en la atención, en la velocidad de procesamiento, en la memoria de trabajo, en la capacidad de inhibición de respuestas automáticas, en la fluidez verbal y en la cognición social. En conclusión, la identificación y caracterización de estas alteraciones cognitivas podría ayudar a identificar nuevos objetivos terapéuticos y desarrollar estrategias de tratamiento más específicas para los pacientes con TCA. De hecho, sería importante desarrollar e implementar programas de rehabilitación cognitiva coadyuvantes a la psicoterapia para este tipo de pacientes.


Eating disorders (ED) such as anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) have great social, economic, and healthcare relevance. It was recently observed that the typical behavioral alterations of these patients could be explained, at least partly, by certain cognitive deficits. For this reason, neuropsychological evaluations might contribute to better understanding these types of disorders. This study aims to evaluate whether there were differences in the neuropsychological functioning of a group of young women with AN and BN, compared to another group of healthy women without eating disorders (control group). The results obtained showed that patients with eating disorders had worse performance on audio-verbal and episodic memory, less cognitive flexibility, and worse planning capacity than the control group. However, cognitive functioning was unimpaired for visuospatial memory, attention, processing speed, working memory, ability to inhibit automatic responses, verbal fluency, and social cognition. In conclusion, the identification and characterization of these cognitive alterations could help to identify new therapeutic objectives and develop more specific treatment strategies for patients with ED. In fact, it would be important to develop and implement adjuvant cognitive rehabilitation programs alongside the current psychotherapy for these patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Young Adult , Feeding and Eating Disorders/physiopathology , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Cognition , Executive Function , Memory
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