ABSTRACT
Abstract Objective To evaluate the long-term results of valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy fixed with double angled dynamic hip screw for nonunion fracture of the neck of the femur in young adults. This implant allows more freedom of fixation in the sagittal plane. Very few studies have evaluated the long-term outcome for treatment of nonunion in fractures of the neck of the femur. Methods This is a prospective interventional study that included 20 patients with nonunion of the fracture of the neck of the femur aged < 60 years old without avascular necrosis of the head and significant resorption of the neck of the femur. A lateral closing wedge osteotomy was performed just above the lesser trochanter after inserting the Richard screw across the nonunion site, and it was fixed with a double-angle 120° barrel plate. The outcome was evaluated using union rate and the Harris Hip Score for functional outcome. Results The average postoperative decrease in the Pauwels angle was of 28.9°. A total of 80% of the cases progressed to union within a mean duration of 7.53 months. The mean Harris Hip Score at the final follow-up was 86.45. Conclusion Valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy and fixation with a double angled dynamic hip screw is a reliable and effective method for preservation of head and promoting union in an ununited fractured neck of the femur in young patients.
Resumo Objetivo Avaliar os resultados a longo prazo da osteotomia intertrocantérica valgizante, fixada com parafuso dinâmico de quadril (DHS, na sigla em inglês) de ângulo duplo, em fraturas não consolidadas do colo femoral em adultos jovens. Este implante permite uma liberdade maior de fixação no plano sagital. Muito poucos estudos avaliaram o desfecho do tratamento a longo prazo da fratura não consolidada do colo femoral. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo prospectivo de intervenção que incluiu 20 pacientes com fratura não consolidada do colo femoral com idade < 60 anos, sem necrose avascular da cabeça femoral e significativa reabsorção do colo femoral. Foi realizada uma osteotomia em cunha de fechamento lateral logo acima do trocânter menor após a inserção do parafuso tipo Richard no sítio do retardo da consolidação óssea, sendo fixada com uma placa cilíndrica de ângulo duplo de 120°. O resultado foi avaliado com o uso da taxa de consolidação e da escala Harris Hip Score quanto ao desfecho funcional. Resultados Foi obtida uma redução pós-operatória média de 28,9° do ângulo de Pauwels. Os casos que evoluíram para a consolidação alcançaram 80%, em um período médio de 7,53 meses. A média da escala Harris Hip Score foi de 86,45 no acompanhamento final. Conclusão A osteotomia intertrocantérica valgizante e a fixação com DHS de ângulo duplo é um método confiável e eficaz para a preservação da cabeça do fêmur, promovendo a consolidação de uma fratura não consolidada do colo femoral em pacientes jovens.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Osteotomy , Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care , Femoral Neck Fractures/surgery , Femur Neck/surgery , Femur Neck/injuries , Fractures, UnunitedABSTRACT
Abstract Objective In the present study, we investigated the intra and interobserver agreement of the new Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen/Orthopaedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) classification for fractures of the proximal extremity of the femur. Methods One hundred hip radiographs were selected from patients who suffered fractures of the trochanteric region or femoral neck. Four orthopedists, fellowship trained hip surgeons, and four orthopedic residents evaluated and classified fractures according to the new AO/OTA system on two separate occasions. The kappa (k) coefficient was used to evaluate intra and interobserver agreement in the different steps of the classification, namely: type, group, subgroup, and qualifier. Results Hip surgery experts obtained almost perfect intraobserver agreement of type, substantial for group and, only moderate, for subgroup and qualifiers. The residents had lower performance, with substantial agreement for type, moderate for group, and reasonable for subgroup and qualifier. In the specialists' interobserver evaluation, there was also a gradual decrease in the agreement between type (almost perfect) and group (moderate), which was even lower for subgroup and qualifiers. Residents had a substantial interobserver agreement for type, moderate for group, and reasonable in the other branches. Conclusion The new AO/OTA classification for fractures of the trochanteric region and femoral neck showed intra and interobserver agreements considered appropriate for type and group, with a drop in the subsequent branches, that is, for subgroup and qualifier. Still, in relation to the old AO/OTA classification, there was an improvement in the agreements for subgroup.
Resumo Objetivo Neste estudo, investigamos a concordância intra e interobservador da nova classificação Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen/Orthopaedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) para fraturas da extremidade proximal do fêmur. Métodos Foram selecionadas 100 radiografias do quadril de pacientes que sofreram fraturas da região trocantérica ou do colo do fêmur. Quatro ortopedistas cirurgiões de quadril e quatro residentes de ortopedia e traumatologia avaliaram e classificaram as fraturas segundo o novo sistema AO/OTA em duas ocasiões distintas. O coeficiente de kappa (k) foi utilizado para avaliar a concordância intra e interobservadores nos diferentes passos da classificação, a saber: tipo, grupo, subgrupo e qualificador. Resultados Especialistas em cirurgia do quadril obtiveram concordância intraobservador quase perfeita de tipo, substancial para grupo e, apenas moderada para subgrupo e qualificadores. Os residentes tiveram desempenho inferior, com concordância substancial para o tipo, moderada para o grupo, e razoável para o subgrupo e qualificador. Na avaliação interobservadores dos especialistas, também se observou queda gradual da concordância entre tipo (quase perfeita) e grupo (moderada), que se mostrou ainda menor parasubgrupo e qualificadores.Residentestiveramumaconcordânciainterobservadoressubstancialparatipo, moderada para grupo e razoável nas demais ramificações. Conclusão A Nova Classificação AO/OTA para fraturas da região trocantérica e do colo do fêmur mostrou concordâncias intra e interobservadores consideradas adequadas para tipo e grupo com queda nas ramificações subsequentes ou seja para subgrupo e qualificador. Ainda assim em relação à classificação AO/OTA antiga houve melhora nas concordâncias para subgrupo.
Subject(s)
Humans , Femoral Neck Fractures/classification , Femur Neck/diagnostic imaging , Hip Fractures/classificationABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES@#Femoral neck fracture is the most serious osteoporotic fractures that is responsible for high medical costs and high mortality. Femoral neck geometric parameters (FNGPs) are important parameters that reflect the geometrical characteristics of femoral neck, and are closely related to the strength of femoral neck and the risk of fragility fracture.There are differences in the incidence of femoral neck fractures among races. However, whether there is difference in FNGPs among races is unknown.Therefore, this study aims to compare the differences in FNGPs between Chinese and Japanese females.@*METHODS@#This study was a cross-sectional study, in which 3 859 healthy females aged 10-86 (45.7±17.1) years old were recruited from Changsha City of Hunan Province and surrounding areas. The weight and height were measured and recorded, and the body mass index (BMI) was calculated. A dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) bone densitometer was used to measure femoral neck projective bone area (BA) and bone mineral density (BMD). FNGPs were calculated using the BMD and BA, which included the outer diameter (OD), cross-sectional area (CSA), cortical thickness (CT), endocortical diameter (ED), buckling ratio (BR), section modulus (SM), cross-sectional moment of inertia (CSMI), and compression strength index (CSI). The data of FNGPs in Japanese females was collected from literature. These subjects were grouped by 10-year age. The mean and standard deviation of height, weight, BMI, femoral neck BMD, and FNGPs of each group were calculated. The model with the best goodness-of-fit was selected from various mathematical regression models to analyze the distribution trend and the best fitting curve of FNGPs with age. The differences in FNGPs between Chinese and Japanese females were analyzed by using age-corresponding mean fitting curve for paired t-test, and the relative change rates of FNGPs were compared.@*RESULTS@#The mean values of FNGPs were significantly different among different years old healthy females (all P<0.01). The mean values of OD, CSA, CT, SM, and CSMI in femoral neck were high at 30 to 39 years old, and then they were gradually decreased with age. The CSI reached its peak at 20-29 years old, and it was decreased gradually after 30 years old. ED and BR were at a low level before 40 years old, they were gradually increased after 40 years old, and reached the maximum average value at 80-86 years old. The variations in FNGPs with age were fitted with the best goodness-of-fit by applying the cubic regression model and the determination coefficients of regression equations (R2: 0.062-0.404) were significant (all P<0.01). The distribution trend of FNGPs with age varied with the indices, among which CSA, CT, SM, CSMI and CSI were increased with age before 35 years old, and then they were decreased with age; BR was at a low level in the early stage, and then it was increased with age after about 40 years. There were significant differences in the fitting curves of FNGPs related to age between Chinese and Japanese females (all P<0.01). The fitting curves of OD, ED, BR and SM in Chinese females were significantly higher than those in Japanese females (all P<0.01), while those of CSA and CT in Chinese females were significantly lower than those in Japanese females (all P<0.01). Before the age of 50, the curves of CSMI and CSI of Chinese females were significantly higher than those of Japanese females (all P<0.01), while after the age of 60 the situation was reversed (all P<0.01). Except for SM and CSI, there were significant differences in the rate of OD, CSA, CT, ED, BR and CSMI with age (all P<0.01). By the age of 80 years old, the rates of change in OD, ED, and BR with the age in Chinese females were increased by 0.91%,3.94%, and 47.5%, respectively, while those in Japanese females were increased by 8.57%, 15.8% and 85.3%, respectively；the rates of change of CSA, CT, and CSMI with the age in Chinese females were declined 28.0%, 29.6%, and 25.2%, respectively, while those in Japanese females were declined 29.9%, 36.2%, and 10.9%, respectively. There were significant difference in the rates of change in FNGPs with the age between Chinese and Japanese females (all P<0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The study reveals the variation of FNGPs with age in Chinese, and confirms that there are racial differences in FNGPs between Chinese and Japanese females, which may be one of the important reasons for the difference in the incidence of femoral neck fracture between Chinese and Japanese females.
Subject(s)
Absorptiometry, Photon , Adult , Aged, 80 and over , Bone Density , China/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Femoral Neck Fractures/epidemiology , Femur Neck , Humans , Japan , Middle Aged , Young AdultABSTRACT
RESUMEN Introducción: La actual definición de osteoporosis es basada en la absorciometría de energía dual de Rx (DXA, por sus siglas en inglés), lo cual representa la principal técnica para la cuantificación de la densidad mineral ósea (DMO) y la evaluación del riesgo de fractura. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la DMO en columna lumbar y cuello femoral de adultos sanos desde el punto de vista metabólico óseo en una población de Bogotá-Colombia. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, analítico, de corte transversal, basado en un cuestionario aplicado a la población de estudio. Las medidas densitométricas fueron realizadas con un equipo compacto de alto rendimiento de la General Electric, modelo iDXA, por el mismo tecnólogo en los sitios esqueléticos de interés, columna lumbar L1, L2, L3, L4 y L1-4 en proyección anteroposterior y en cuello femoral. El cálculo del tamaño de muestra se realizó teniendo en cuenta la estratificación por sexo y 2 grupos de edad: 20 a 29 años y 30 a 39 años. Se encuestó a 805 individuos y 432 se realizaron la densitometría ósea. Resultados: Los valores encontrados en columna lumbar para cada uno de los grupos de nuestra población, fueron: 1,150 g/cm2 (DE: 0,11), 1,180 g/cm2 (DE: 0,10), para mujeres y hombres de 20 a 29 años, y 1,169 g/cm2 (DE: 0,10), 1,209 g/cm2 (DE: 0,10) para mujeres y hombres de 30 a 39 años, respectivamente. A nivel del cuello femoral, 0,991 g/cm2 (DE: 0,10), 1,119 g/cm2 (DE: 0,13), para mujeres y hombres de 20 a 29 años, y 0,970 g/cm2 (DE: 0,11), 1,079 g/cm2 (DE: 0,13) para mujeres y hombres de 30 a 39 años, respectivamente. Conclusión: Este estudio pudo demostrar el comportamiento de la DMO en nuestra población, la cual es inferior a la detectada en otras latitudes y a las utilizadas como valores de referencia en nuestros equipos. Adicionalmente, se determinó el valor máximo de masa ósea en cada una de las regiones de interés para los rangos de edad de la población de nuestro estudio.
ABSTRACT Introduction: The current definition of osteoporosis is based on the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), which represents the main technique for the quantification of bone mineral density (BMD) and the evaluation of fracture risk. The objective of this study was to determine the BMD in the lumbar spine and femoral neck of healthy adults from a bone metabolism point of view in a population of Bogotá-Colombia. Method: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted based on a questionnaire completed by the study population. The densitometric measurements were carried out using a high-performance compact equipment of the General Electric, iDXA model, by the same technologist at the skeletal sites of interest, lumbar spine L1, L2, L3, L4 and L1-4 in anteroposterior projection, and in femoral neck. The sample size calculation was performed taking into account stratification by gender and 2 age groups: 20 to 29 years, and 30 to 39 years. A total of 805 individuals were surveyed, and 432 bone densitometries were performed. Results: The values found in the lumbar spine for each of the groups in our population were: 1.150 g/cm2 (SD: 0.11), 1.180 g/cm2 (SD: 0.10), for women and men aged 20 to 29 years, and 1.169 g/cm2 (SD: 0.10), 1.209 g/cm2 (SD: 0.10) for women and men aged 30 to 39, respectively. At the level of the femoral neck, 0.991 g/cm2 (SD: 0.10), 1.119 g/cm2 (SD: 0.13), for women and men aged 20 to 29 years, respectively, and 0.970 g/cm2 (SD: 0.11), 1.079 g/cm2 (SD: 0.13) for women and men aged 30 to 39, respectively. Conclusion: This study was able to demonstrate the behaviour of BMD in our population, which is lower than that detected in other latitudes and those used as reference values in our equipment. Additionally, the maximum bone mass value was determined in each of the locations of interest for the age ranges of the population in our study.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Bone Density , Colombia , Densitometry , Spine , Weights and Measures , Cross-Sectional Studies , Femur NeckABSTRACT
Objective: The normal morphology of femoral anteversion is an essential factor which determines the clinical results of hip replacement to achieve the normal activity and the length of the replaced joint. No previous study has been documented regarding normal value of femoral anteversion in Indonesian population and how they are different with Western, India and African population. This study aimed on measurement of normal femoral anteversion values of Indonesian population and compare it with existing data of Western, African and India values. Method: This cross-sectional study by measuring the femoral neck anteversion angle in 120 samples of Indonesians's cadaveric femur. Comparisons were made between Western, African and India. Result: The result showed that the average values of femoral neck anteversion angle in men were 11.60 ± 4.83 and 12.96 ± 5.1 in the right and left parts respectively, while in women, the results were 14.83+-5.14 and 13.37+-5.66 in right and left parts. The p value of ≤ 0.05 was considered to be significant. Conclusion: The mean femoral anteversion values of Indonesian population is 13.22. It is significantly different in comparison with Western, African, and Indian population.
Subject(s)
Humans , Population/genetics , Reference Values , Cadaver , Cross-Sectional Studies/statistics & numerical data , Femur , Femur Neck/growth & development , Bone Anteversion/pathologyABSTRACT
Paciente de 10 años 2 meses de sexo femenino quien sufrió politraumatismo en accidente de tránsito al ser arrollada por automóvil en vía pública generando trauma craneoencefálico leve y fractura de cuello femoral derecho clasificación III de Delbet con desplazamiento completo, se manejó inicialmente con tracción cutánea con 3kg y posteriormente se realizó intervención quirúrgica realizando reducción cerrada y fijación percutánea exitosa. Continuó en control ambulatorio cada 3 meses con buena evolución. Se realizó retiro de material de osteosíntesis sin complicaciones. Continúa en controles por parte del servicio de Ortopedia y Traumatología periódicamente sin presencia de secuelas. Aunque poco frecuente, la fractura de cuello femoral se presenta como un traumatismo que conlleva retos para el médico tratante dados los altos índices de fracaso terapéutico, por lo que se hace necesario conocer el impacto de ésta patología en el momento en que ocurre la lesión y en el transcurso del tiempo, a fin de mejorar las opciones terapéuticas y mejorar el pronóstico de la lesión.
A 10 years and 2 months old patient of female gender who suffered multiple trauma in traffic accident when being rolled by automobile in public road generating mild traumatic brain injury and fracture of right femoral neck classification III of Delbet with complete displacement, she was initially handled with cutaneous traction with 3kg and later surgical intervention by closed reduction, successfull procedure. She continued in ambulatory control every 3 months with good evolution. Removal of osteosynthesis material was performed without complications. She continues in controls by the service of Orthopedics and Traumatology periodically without presence of sequels. Although infrequent, femoral neck fracture presents as a trauma that presents challenges for the treating physician, given the high rates of therapeutic failure, so it is necessary to know the impact of this pathology at the moment of injury and In the course of time, in order to improve therapeutic options and improve the prognosis of the lesión.
Subject(s)
Humans , Femur Neck , Fractures, Bone , Fracture Fixation , Fracture Fixation, InternalABSTRACT
Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o potencial da terapia com ozônio na dinâmica do tecido ósseo de ratas ovariectomizadas tratadas com ácido zolendrônico. Para tanto, 110 ratas Wistar, fêmeas, 6 meses de idade foram submetidas à ovariectomia bilateral (Ovx). Após três meses, dez animais foram submetidos à eutanásia para caracterização da arquitetura do tecido ósseo em microtomografia (Micro ct), os animais restantes foram divididos em dois grupos, o grupo ZOL e o grupo SAL e foi iniciado o tratamento nos animais do grupo ZOL com ácido zoledrônico (100 µg/Kg/28 dias) e, no grupo SAL foi administrado 0,45 ml de solução salina usando o mesmo protocolo do ZOL. Após três meses desta terapia, 10 animais de cada grupo foram submetidos à eutanásia para caracterização da arquitetura óssea (Micro-ct) e os animais restantes foram novamente divididos aleatoriamente, em que os animais do grupo ZOL foram subdivididos em ZOL (n=20) e ZOL+OZN (n=20) e, os animais dos grupos SAL foram subdivididos em SAL (n=20) e SAL+OZN (n=20). Após este procedimento foi iniciada a ozonioterapia em concentração de 0,7mg/kg a cada dois dias até o final do experimento. Após 30 e 60 dias do início da terapia com ozônio, seis animais de cada grupo foram submetidos à eutanásia para a análise e caracterização estrutural óssea das regiões de mandíbula, cabeça femoral e coluna vertebral. Uma parte das peças correspondentes ao colo femoral foram destinada a testes biomecânicos. As demais amostras coletadas foram descalcificadas e as lâminas histológicas foram coradas em hematoxilina e eosina para a análise histométrica (área de osso neoformado), contagem de células inflamatórias (linfócitos) e contagem de osteócitos. Os órgãos do metabolismo e absorção como mesentério, fígado, rins, pulmão e cérebro foram removidos para a avaliação do infiltrado inflamatório e ou qualquer proliferação celular desordenada. Para os parâmetros quantitativos de porcentagem de tecido ósseo na região de cabeça femoral e mandíbula, o teste ANOVA-2 fatores (grupos vs períodos de análise) foi aplicado e em seguida o pós-teste Tukey, quando p<0,05. Já este parâmetro na coluna vertebral, o teste ANOVA-1 fator (grupos experimentais, somente no período de 30 dias) foi aplicado e pós-teste de Tukey. Em todos os testes foi considerado p<0,05. O tratamento com ácido zoledrônio e ozônio (ZOL+OZN) apresentou maior porcentagem de volume ósseo, maior número de osteócitos e maior número de células inflamatórias na região de cabeça femoral, mandíbula com resultados estatisticamente significantes (p<0,05). Na análise biomecânica do colo femoral, o módulo de elasticidade foi semelhante para os grupos ZOL e ZOL+OZN (p>0,05), em comparação aos grupos SAL e SAL+OZN (p<0,05). Este estudo in vivo mostrou que existe um efeito sinérgico entre o ozônio e o ácido zoledrônico com manutenção da massa óssea e restauração da vitalidade do tecido ósseo em ratas ovariectomizadas. Além disso, que a terapia com ozônio foi segura no modelo experimental proposto nesta investigação(AU)
This work aimed to analyze the potential of ozone therapy in the bone tissue dynamics of ovariectomized rats treated with zoledronic acid. For this purpose, 110 Wistar rats, schoolchildren, 6 months old, underwent bilateral ovariectomy (Ovx). After three months, ten animals were euthanized to characterize bone tissue architecture in microtomography (Microct). The remaining animals were divided into two groups: the ZOL group, the SAL group, and treatment was started on the animals in the group. ZOL with zoledronic acid (100 µg / Kg / 28 days) and no SAL group was administered 0.45 ml of saline using the same protocol as ZOL. After three months of this therapy, 10 animals from each group were euthanized to characterize the bone architecture (Micro-ct), and the remaining animals were again randomly divided, in which the animals in the ZOL group were subdivided into ZOL (n = 20) and ZOL + OZN (n = 20) and, the animals in the SAL groups were subdivided into SAL (n = 20) and SAL + OZN (n = 20). After this procedure, ozone therapy was obtained at a concentration of 0.7 mg/kg every two days until the end of the experiment. After 30 and 60 days from the beginning of ozone therapy, six animals from each group were found to be euthanized for analysis and structural bone characterization of the mandible, femoral head, and spine regions. A part of the pieces corresponding to the cervix was destined for biomechanical tests. The others collected were decalcified, and histological slides were stained in hematoxylin and eosin for histometric analysis (area of newly formed bone), inflammatory cell count (lymphocytes), and osteocyte count. The metabolism and absorption organs such as mesentery, liver, kidneys, lung, and brain were removed to evaluate inflammatory infiltrate and or any disorderly cell proliferation. For the quantitative parameters of the percentage of bone tissue in the femoral head and mandible region, the ANOVA-2 factor test (groups vs analysis periods) was provided and then the Tukey post-test, when p <0.05. Already this parameter in the spine, the ANOVA-1 factor test (experimental groups, only in the period of 30 days) was applied and Tukey's post-test. In all tests, p <0.05 was considered. Treatment with zoledronic acid and ozone (ZOL + OZN) showed a higher percentage of bone volume, a greater number of osteocytes, and a greater number of inflammatory cells in the femoral head and mandible region with statistically significant results (p <0.05). In the biomechanical analysis of the femoral neck, the modulus of elasticity was similar for the ZOL and ZOL + OZN groups (p>0.05), compared to the SAL and SAL + OZN groups (p <0.05). This in vivo study revealed a synergistic effect between ozone and zoledronic acid with the maintenance of bone mass and restoration of bone tissue vitality in ovariectomized rats. Furthermore, that ozone therapy was safe in the experimental model proposed in this investigation(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Osteoporosis , Spine , Bone and Bones , Bone Regeneration , Femur , Zoledronic Acid , Ozone Therapy , Mandible , Rats, Wistar , Systemic Management , X-Ray Microtomography , Femur Head , Femur NeckABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to correlate a higher Pelvic-Trochanteric Index (PTI) with an increased varus of the femoral neck with greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS). The secondary objective was to check whether the pelvic width changes with age. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted to compare female patients diagnosed with GTPS (case group) with asymptomatic female participants (control group) from March 2011 to June 2017. On an anteroposterior pelvic radiograph, lines were drawn by two radiologists, and the PTI (ratio of the distance between the greater trochanters and distance between the iliac crests) was defined and the femoral neck-shaft angle was measured. RESULTS: Data collected based on radiographs of 182 female patients (cases) and 150 female participants (controls) showed that the mean PTI was 1.09 (SD=0.01) in the case group and 1.07 (SD=0.01) in the control group (p<0.05), regardless of age. The distance between iliac crests increased with age (p<0.05) in symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. It was also found that the mean femoral neck-shaft angle was 130.6° (SD=0.59) and progression of the varus angulation occurred with age in both groups, with a significance level of 5%. CONCLUSIONS: The PTI was higher in patients with GTPS. The femoral neck-shaft angle does not differ between individuals with and without GTPS; however, it does decrease with age. The pelvic width tends to increase with aging in symptomatic or asymptomatic individuals; therefore, the increase in the pelvic width and decrease in the femoral neck-shaft angle can be interpreted as normal in aging women, which could alter the biomechanics of the hips and pelvis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Bursitis , Femur/diagnostic imaging , Pain , Prospective Studies , Femur NeckABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the related factors of aseptic necrosis of femoral head after closed reduction and internal fixation of femoral neck fracture.@*METHODS@#From January 2009 to January 2016, 236 patients with femoral neck fracture were treated with closed reduction and internal fixation with 3 hollow lag screws, including 111 males and 125 females, aged from 19 to 89 (50.17±12.88) years. According to the follow-up results, the correlation of aseptic necrosis of femoral head was analyzed. Univariate analysis of age, gender, injured side, body weight, injury mechanism, preoperative waiting time, Garden classification and whether there was comminution of femoral neck cortex was conducted to obtain the independent variables with significant difference. Then binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the independent risk factors of avascular necrosis of femoral head.@*RESULTS@#The average follow-up period of 236 cases was 4.58 years. There were significant differences in the range of injury (24.69% vs. 5.16%, @*CONCLUSION@#High energy injury, preoperative waiting time (>48 h) and comminution of femoral neck cortex were independent risk factors for aseptic necrosis of femoral head. In addition, cortical comminution on the pressure side and tension side of the femoral neck is a strong prognostic risk factor for aseptic necrosis of the femoral head, because it indicates a more serious and complex injury mechanism.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Femoral Neck Fractures/surgery , Femur Head Necrosis/surgery , Femur Neck , Fracture Fixation, Internal/adverse effects , Fractures, Comminuted , Humans , Male , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND@#Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a common chronic progressive rheumatic disease. The aim of this study was to explore factors influencing abnormal bone mineral density (BMD) in young and middle-aged patients with AS.@*METHODS@#From July 2014 to August 2018, hospitalized patients with AS and health examinees in the health examination center of our clinics, ranging in age from 20 to 50 years, were monitored. The BMD of the lumbar spine and femoral neck of AS patients and those of a healthy control group were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorption. The BMDs of AS patients were compared with respect to age, course of disease, iritis, smoking habits, sex, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), medication use, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), platelet volume, platelet count, uric acid (UA), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), and calcium ion levels. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to BMD were screened using genome-wide association analysis.@*RESULTS@#There was no statistical difference in the proportion of abnormal bone masses between the different body parts. The BMD of all bones in AS patients was lower than that in healthy controls (P < 0.05). Additionally, BMD was correlated with serum calcium and CRP in AS patients (P < 0.05), but not with age, platelet volume, platelet count, ESR, UA, AKP, height, weight, and BMI. The incidence of abnormal bone mass in AS patients was correlated with sex (P < 0.05), but not with medication use, iritis, or smoking. BMD of the lumbar spine in AS patients did not correlate linearly with the course of the disease, but BMD of the femoral neck correlated linearly with the course of the disease (P < 0.05). BMD was correlated with multiple SNPs in patients with AS. Lumbar BMD was correlated with rs7025373 and rs7848078. Femoral head BMD was correlated with 3:102157365, 3:102157417, rs1252202, rs1681355, rs3891857, rs7842614, and rs9870734, suggesting that genetic factors play a role in BMD in patients with AS.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The proportion of abnormal bone mass in AS patients was higher than that in healthy individuals of the same age. The factors related to BMD in patients with AS are gender, CRP, and blood calcium. The BMD of the femoral neck of AS patients decreases with the course of the disease, but BMD of the lumbar spine is not related to the course of the disease. BMD in AS patients is associated with multiple SNPs.
Subject(s)
Absorptiometry, Photon , Adult , Bone Density , Femur Neck , Genome-Wide Association Study , Humans , Lumbar Vertebrae , Middle Aged , Spondylitis, Ankylosing/genetics , Young AdultABSTRACT
INTRODUCCIÓN. La fractura de cuello de fémur constituye un problema de salud a nivel mundial, siendo complicación frecuente la infección de vías urinarias en adultos mayores. OBJETIVO. Determinar las variables demográficas e identificar las principales complicaciones infecciosas pre y posquirúrgicas en adultos mayores con fractura de cuello de fémur. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS. Estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo, con una población igual a la muestra de 310 datos de Historias Clínicas, de pacientes hospitalizados en la Unidad de Traumatología y Ortopedia del Hospital de Especialidades Carlos Andrade Marín durante el periodo abril 2018 a febrero 2019. Criterios de inclusión: mayores de 65 años de edad, con diagnóstico prequirúrgico de fractura de cuello de fémur. Criterios exclusión: menores de 65 años con fractura patológica de cuello de fémur. Los datos fueron tomados del sistema AS400, la tabulación y análisis se realizó en los programas estadísticos Microsoft Excel e International Business Machines Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, versión 20. RESULTADOS. Las complicaciones fueron las infecciones: vías urinarias 14,19% (44; 310), tracto respiratorio inferior 3,23 % (10; 310) y menos común la de tracto respiratorio superior 0,33% (1; 310). DISCUSIÓN. Este estudio encontró a las infecciones de vías urinarias como primera causa de complicación en la artroplastia total de cadera, similar a otras investigaciones en Latinoamérica. CONCLUSIÓN. Se identificó a la infección de vías urinarias como usual en pacientes pre y posquirúrgicos de fractura de cuello de fémur, mientras que menos frecuente fue la infección de tracto respiratorio superior en las prequirúrgica y la sepsis en las posquirúrgicas.
INTRODUCTION. The femoral neck fracture constitutes a health problem worldwide, with urinary tract infection being a frequent complication in older adults. OBJECTIVE. To determine the demographic variables and identify the main infectious complications before and after surgery in older adults with a femoral neck fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Observational, descriptive and retrospective study, with a population equal to the sample of 310 data from Medical Records, of hospitalized patients in the Traumatology and Orthopedics Unit of the Carlos Andrade Marín Specialty Hospital during the period april 2018 to february 2019. Inclusion criteria: people over 65 years of age, with a pre-surgical diagnosis of a femoral neck fracture. Exclusion criteria: under 65 years old with pathological fracture of the femoral neck. The data were taken from the AS400 system, the tabulation and analysis was carried out in the statistical programs Microsoft Excel and International Business Ma- chines Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 20. RESULTS. Complications were infections: urinary tract 14,19% (44; 310), lower respiratory tract 3,23% (10; 310) and the less common upper respiratory tract 0,33% (1, 310). DISCUSSION. This study found urinary tract infections as the first cause of complication in total hip arthroplasty, similar to other investigations in Latin America. CONCLUSION. Urinary tract infection was identified as usual in pre and postoperative femoral neck fracture patients, while upper respiratory tract infection was less frequent in preoperative and sepsis in postoperative.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Orthopedics , Urinary Tract Infections , Aged , Geriatrics , Hip Fractures , Hospitalization , Arthroplasty , Urinary Tract , Traumatology , Fractures, Bone , Femur Neck , HipABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore whether femoral plasty can improve the fracture resistance of osteoporotic femoral specimens and prevent hip fracture, and to compare the difference of mechanical strength changes between two different femoral plasty methods in osteoporotic femoral specimens, so as to determine the best strengthening area of the plasty.@*METHODS@#Eighteen pairs of fresh osteoporotic femur specimens were collected and divided into two groups, A and B, 9 pairs in each group. Nine fresh osteoporotic femur specimens in each group were randomly selected for enhancement, and the corresponding contralateral specimens were used as control group. In group A1, the enhancement areas were femoral head, femoral neck, femoral trochanter and subtrochantericregion. And in group B1, the enhancement areas were femoral head, femoral neck and femoral trochanter region. The amount of cement injected into the femoral neck was recorded and the surface temperature of the femoral neck was measured. All specimens were biomechanically tested under simulated falls. Load-displacement curves, final loads were recorded. The final energy and stiffness of specimens were calculated. The biomechanical differences between the specimens of the enhancement group and those of the corresponding control group were compared, and the mechanical changes of the specimens by two different enhancement methods were compared.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, the ultimate load and energy of the specimens in the enhanced group increased significantly, but the stiffness did not change significantly. There was no significant difference in final load and energy between specimens strengthened by two different methods.@*CONCLUSION@#Femoral plasty has the advantages of minimally invasive, simple operationand remarkable effect. It can be used as a new method to prevent osteoporotic hip fracture.
Subject(s)
Biomechanical Phenomena , Bone Cements , Femur , Femur Neck , Hip Fractures , Humans , Osteoporotic FracturesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the method and accuracy of measuring the femoral neck anteversion in children with developmental dislocation of the hip by using 3D printing technology, so as to find out the method of measuring the femoral neck anteversion accurately and guide the formulation of the operation plan.@*METHODS@#From June 2016 to September 2018, 17 patients with unilateral developmental dislocation of the hip were enrolled in the study, including 2 males and 15 females, aged 2 to 13 (5.47±0.81) years old, 11 on the left and 6 on the right. The methods of CT, 3D printing and intraoperative anteversion of femoral neck were used to measure the anteversion of femoral neck respectively. The intraoperative measurement was used as the standard reference value forstatistical analysis, and the accuracy of the first two methods was compared.@*RESULTS@#The average value of CT was (36.00±1.66)°, the average value of model method was(43.91±1.62)°, and the average value of intraoperative method was(44.21±1.62)°. There were significant differences in CT measurement, model measurement and intraoperative measurement(0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Compared with the traditional CT method, the 3D printing model method is simpler, more accurate and more repeatable, and can simulate the operation before operation. It is an ideal method to measure the femoral neck anteversion.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Femur , Femur Neck , Humans , Male , Printing, Three-Dimensional , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
SUMMARY INTRODUCTION Retro-odontoid pseudotumor (ROP) is a rare disease that affects the atlantoaxial joint and, in general, is associated with local biomechanical alterations that may or may not cause instability. METHODS Descriptive study of the literature available in databases MEDLINE/PubMed, LILACS, and Scopus. The research was conducted in April 2019. DISCUSSION ROP is, possibly, a syndromic designation that encompasses a significant variety of diseases of the atlantoaxial joint. There are different pathophysiological mechanisms implicated in its genesis. The patients, almost in their entirety, present with severe myelopathy, and most of them are treated surgically, with the posterior decompression being the most commonly used method, with or without arthrodesis. Evolution is usually favorable. CONCLUSION The ROP is still poorly recognized as a differential diagnosis between the diseases of the cranial-cervical junction. The information available in the literature analyzed was based mainly on the study of reports or case series; therefore, it is insufficient to define conducts with a high level of scientific evidence.
RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO O pseudotumor retro-odontoide (PRO) é uma patologia rara que acomete a articulação atlantoaxial e, em geral, está associada a alterações biomecânicas locais que podem ou não causar instabilidade. METODOLOGIA Estudo descritivo da literatura disponível nas bases de dados Medline/PubMed, Lilacs e Scopus. A pesquisa foi realizada em abril de 2019. DISCUSSÃO O PRO é, possivelmente, uma designação sindrômica que abrange uma variedade significativa de doenças da articulação atlantoaxial. Existem diferentes mecanismos fisiopatológicos implicados em sua gênese. Os pacientes, quase em sua totalidade, apresentam quadro de mielopatia grave e a maioria deles é tratada cirurgicamente, sendo a descompressão posterior o método mais utilizado, com ou sem artrodese. A evolução costuma ser favorável. CONCLUSÃO O PRO ainda é pouco reconhecido como diagnóstico diferencial entre as doenças da junção crânio-cervical. As informações disponíveis na literatura analisada foram baseadas principalmente no estudo de relatos ou séries de casos, sendo, portanto, insuficientes para definir condutas com alto nível de evidência científica.
Subject(s)
Humans , Atlanto-Axial Joint , Spinal Cord Diseases , Odontoid Process , Skull , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Femur NeckABSTRACT
Subject(s)
Absorptiometry, Photon , Adult , Bone Density , Bone Diseases, Metabolic , Calcium , Cross-Sectional Studies , Epidemiology , Female , Femur , Femur Neck , Hip , Humans , Logistic Models , Male , Methods , Nutrition Surveys , Osteoporosis , Population Surveillance , Potassium , Potassium, Dietary , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Spine , Vitamin DABSTRACT
Abstract Objectives To evaluate the factors that influence the outcome of osteosynthesis after closed reduction of the fracture of the femoral neck in young adult patients. Methods A retrospective study was conducted, reviewing the data of patients operated in a large orthopedic hospital from 2003 to 2011; a total of 81 patients met the inclusion criteria. The time interval between the fracture and the surgery, the initial fracture deviation, the quality of the reduction, and the placement of the implant were evaluated. Results The present study observed a strong relationship between the quality of the reduction and therapeutic success. The degree of the initial deviation and the time elapsed between the initial trauma and the osteosynthesis did not influence the surgical outcome regarding bone consolidation. The correct positioning of the implants was associated with a satisfactory evolution in the postoperative period. Conclusion The quality of the reduction and the positioning of the implants are factors that influence the results of osteosynthesis in fractures of the femoral neck in young adult patients.
Resumo Objetivos Avaliar os fatores que influenciam o resultado da osteossíntese pela redução fechada da fratura do colo femoral nos pacientes jovens. Métodos Foi feito um estudo retrospectivo com revisão dos dados dos pacientes operados em um hospital ortopédico de grande porte, de 2003 a 2011, com um total de 81 pacientes que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. O intervalo de tempo entre a fratura e a cirurgia, o desvio inicial da fratura, a qualidade da redução e o posicionamento dos implantes foram os fatores avaliados. Resultados O estudo encontrou forte relação entre a qualidade da redução e o sucesso terapêutico. O grau de desvio inicial e o tempo entre o trauma inicial e a osteossíntese não influenciaramo desfecho cirúrgico emrelação à consolidação óssea. O correto posicionamento dos implantes mostrou relação com a evolução satisfatória no pós-operatório dos pacientes. Conclusão A qualidade da redução e o posicionamento dos implantes são fatores que influenciamoresultadodaosteossíntesenafraturadocolodofêmurnopacienteadultojovem.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Pseudarthrosis , Femoral Neck Fractures , Femur Head Necrosis , Femur NeckABSTRACT
A artroplastia de quadril (AQ) é um procedimento custo-efetivo empregado para o tratamento de condições como a osteoartrose de quadril e fraturas de acetábulo e de colo femoral em idosos. Este artigo objetiva descrever a oferta de AQ no SUS e analisar aspectos relativos à realização desse procedimento, entre 2016 e 2018, no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, no qual foram incluídas as unidades hospitalares que efetuaram, pelo SUS, pelo menos um tipo de AQ entre 2016 e 2018 no estado do RJ. O perfil das unidades foi construído utilizando a ferramenta TABNET do CNES. Verificou-se que 69 unidades hospitalares realizaram pelo menos uma AQ no período. Parte substancial dessas unidades localiza-se na Região Metropolitana I, não é habilitada em alta complexidade em ortopedia e traumatologia, são municipais e pertencem ao tipo "Geral I com UTI". As unidades que mais realizaram AQ foram as estaduais e as especializadas com UTI. No período, houve decréscimo no número total de AQ realizadas, especialmente artroplastias emergenciais e de alta complexidade. As unidades hospitalares, em todas as regiões, contam com a equipe mínima de profissionais, exceto terapeuta ocupacional e fisiatra. Mesmo enfrentando um contexto de crise, as unidades estaduais destacaram-se na realização do procedimento. Considerando que o Brasil já apresenta defasagem assistencial, a variação negativa no número de AQ, em especial as emergenciais, merece atenção, pois pode indicar maior dificuldade de acesso da população ao procedimento.
Hip arthroplasty (HA) is a cost-effective procedure to treat conditions such as hip osteoarthritis and acetabulum and femoral neck fractures in the older adults. This article describes the supply of HA in the SUS and analyzes aspects related to the performance of this procedure between 2016 and 2018, in the state of Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. This is a descriptive study that included the hospital units that performed at least one type of HA by SUS between 2016 and 2018 in the state. The units' profiles were built using CNES TABNET tool. Results showed that 69 hospital units in the state performed at least one HA during the period. A substantial part of these units are located in the Metropolitan Region I, are not highly qualified in orthopedics and traumatology, are municipal and belong to the type "General I with ICU" (Intensive Care Unit). The units that most performed HA were state units and specialized with ICU. In the period, the total number of HA performed decreased, especially among emergency and high complexity arthroplasties. Hospital units in all regions have the minimum staff, except for occupational therapist and physiatrist. Even facing a crisis context, the state units stood out in the procedure. Considering that Brazil already has a care gap, the negative variation in the number of HA, especially the emergency ones, deserves attention, since it may indicate greater difficulty for the population to access the procedure.
La artroplastia de cadera (AC) es un procedimiento rentable empleado para tratar afecciones como la osteoartritis de cadera y las fracturas de acetábulo y de cuello femoral en los ancianos. Este artículo tiene como objetivo describir la oferta de AC en el Sistema Único de Salud (SUS) y analizar los aspectos relacionados con el desempeño de este procedimiento, en el período entre 2016 y 2018, en el estado de Río de Janeiro (RJ). Este es un estudio descriptivo, llevado a cabo con unidades hospitalarias que habían realizado mediante el SUS, al menos, un tipo de AC, entre 2016 y 2018, en el estado de RJ. El perfil de las unidades se construyó con la herramienta CNES TABNET. Se encontró que 69 unidades hospitalarias en el estado realizaron al menos una AC durante el período. Una parte importante de estas unidades están ubicadas en la región metropolitana I, no están altamente calificadas en ortopedia y traumatología, son municipales y pertenecen al tipo "General I con UCI". Las unidades que más realizaron AC fueron estaduales y especializadas con UCI. En el período, hubo una disminución en el número total de AC realizadas, especialmente artroplastias de emergencia y de alta complejidad. Las unidades hospitalarias en todas las regiones tienen el personal mínimo, excepto el terapeuta ocupacional y el fisiatra. Incluso frente a un contexto de crisis, las unidades estaduales se destacaron en la realización del procedimiento. Teniendo en cuenta que Brasil ya tiene una brecha de atención, la variación negativa en el número de AC, sobre todo los de emergencia, merece atención, ya que puede indicar una mayor dificultad para que la población acceda al procedimiento.
Subject(s)
Arthroplasty , Unified Health System , Osteoarthritis, Hip , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip , Femoral Neck Fractures , Femur Neck , Hospital UnitsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To test whether swimming training benefits femoral neck strength in young diabetic rats under insulin therapy. METHODS: A total of 60 male Wistar rats (age: 40 days) were divided equally into the following six groups: control sedentary, control exercise, diabetic sedentary, diabetic exercise, diabetic sedentary plus insulin and diabetic exercise plus insulin. Diabetes was induced with a unique intraperitoneal injection (60 mg/kg body weight) of streptozotocin. Seven days after the injection and after 12 hours of fasting, the animals with blood glucose levels ≥300 mg/dL were considered diabetic. Seven days after the induction of diabetes, the animals in the exercise groups were subjected to progressive swimming training (final week: 90 min/day; 5 days/week; 5% load) for eight weeks. The animals in the insulin groups received a daily dose of insulin (2-4 U/day) for the same period. RESULTS: Severe streptozotocin-induced diabetes reduced the structural properties of the femoral neck (trabecular bone volume, trabecular thickness and collagen fiber content). The femoral neck mechanical properties (maximum load and tenacity) were also impaired in the diabetic rats. Insulin therapy partially reversed the damage induced by diabetes on the structural properties of the bone and mitigated the reductions in the mechanical properties of the bone. The combination of therapies further increased the femoral neck trabecular bone volume (∼30%), trabecular thickness (∼24%), collagen type I (∼19%) and type III (∼13%) fiber contents, maximum load (∼25%) and tenacity (∼14%). CONCLUSIONS: Eight weeks of swimming training potentiates the recovery of femoral neck strength in young rats with severe streptozotocin-induced diabetes under insulin therapy.