Atención de parto respetado en Venezuela: fundamentos legales / Respected Childbirth Care in Venezuela: Legal Foundations

El parto humanizado es un modelo de atención que considera el respeto a las opiniones y necesidades de las mujeres y sus familias, e incluye la atención durante el embarazo, parto, puerperio y, por supuesto, la atención del recién nacido. En Venezuela, existe legislación suficiente que respalda la atención del parto humanizado o respetado, sin embargo, la misma no es conocida por gran parte del personal de salud involucrado en la atención obstétrica. Es necesario que tal legislación se conozca ampliamente y se aplique. La presente revisión se realizó con la intención de revisar los fundamentos legales que respaldan la atención del parto respetado(AU)

Humanized childbirth is a model of care that considers respect for the opinions and needs of women and their families, and includes care during pregnancy, childbirth, puerperium and, of course, newborn care. In Venezuela, there is sufficient legislation that supports humanized or respected childbirth care, however, it is not known by a large part of the health personnel involved in obstetric care. Such legislation needs to be widely known and implemented. This review was conducted with the intention of reviewing the legal foundations that support respected childbirth care(AU)

The wet nurses of the Hospital Real of Santiago de Compostela between 1803 and 1808 / Las nodrizas del Hospital Real de Santiago de Compostela entre 1803 y 1808 / As amas de leite do Hospital Real de Santiago de Compostela entre 1803 e 1808

Objective. To analyze the duties of wet nurses at the Hospital Real in Santiago de Compostela (Spain). The secondary objectives were to compare the mortality rate and distribution by parish of the foundlings under the care of the Royal House between 1803 and 1808; and to determine the origin of the Galician foundlings who participated in the Royal Philanthropic Expedition of the Smallpox Vaccine in 1803. Methods. Historiographic study that analyzed sorted and not sorted in series indirect positional and quantitative historical sources.Results. The duties of wet nurses during the studied period were to provide basic care and cultural instruction. The mortality rate of foundlings fluctuated during that period and their distribution by parish (functional unit of healthcare services at that time) was similar in those years, with a predominance in the provinces of A Coruña and Pontevedra. A total of 5 Galician foundlings from the House analyzed were part of the smallpox vaccine expedition, their names were Juan Antonio, Jacinto, Gerónimo María, Francisco Florencio and Juan Francisco. Conclusion. During the observed period the wet nurses of the Hospital Real of Santiago de Compostela were in charge of pediatric care. Wet nurses were vital in the role of keeping the foundlings alive and can be considered as one of the forerunners of the pediatric nurse profession at that time.

Objetivo. analizar las funciones que realizaban las amas de leche en el Hospital Real de Santiago de Compostela (España). Los objetivos secundarios han sido: comparar la mortalidad y distribución por parroquias de los niños expósitos a cargo de la Real Casa entre 1803 y 1808, determinar la procedencia de los niños expósitos gallegos que participaron en la Real Expedición Filantrópica de la Vacuna de la viruela en 1803. Métodos. Estudio historiográfico que analizó fuentes históricas posicionales indirectas y cuantitativas seriadas y no seriadas. Resultados. las funciones de las nodrizas durante el período de estudio eran proporcionar los cuidados básicos e instrucción cultural; la mortalidad de los expósitos sufrió oscilaciones a lo largo del período analizado. La distribución por parroquias (unidad funcional de las áreas de salud en la época) fue similar en estos años, con predominancia de las provincias de A Coruña y Pontevedra. Un total de 5 niños expósitos gallegos de la Casa analizada han participado en la expedición filantrópica de la viruela, sus nombres fueron: Juan Antonio, Jacinto, Gerónimo María, Francisco Florencio y Juan Francisco. Conclusión. Durante el período de observación, las amas de leche del Hospital Real de Santiago de Compostela realizaban cuidados pediátricos. Las nodrizas cumplieron un rol fundamental para el mantenimiento con vida de los niños expósitos y pueden ser consideradas como una de las figuras precursoras de la profesión enfermera pediátrica en la época.

Objetivo. Analisar as funções desempenhadas pelas nutrizes no Hospital Real de Santiago de Compostela (Espanha). Os objetivos secundários foram: comparar a mortalidade e distribuição por freguesia dos enjeitados responsáveis pela Casa Real entre 1803 e 1808, determinar a origem dos enjeitados galegos que participaram na Real Expedição Filantrópica da Vacina contra a Varíola em 1803. Métodos. Estudo historiográfico que analisou fontes históricas posicionais indiretas e quantitativas seriadas e não seriadas. Resultados. As funções das amas de leite durante o período do estudo eram fornecer cuidados básicos e instrução cultural; A mortalidade dos enjeitados oscilou ao longo do período analisado. A distribuição por freguesias (unidade funcional das áreas de saúde da época) foi semelhante nestes anos, com predominância das províncias da Corunha e Pontevedra. Na expedição filantrópica contra a varíola participaram um total de 5 crianças galegas da Casa analisada, os seus nomes eram: Juan Antônio, Jacinto, Gerônimo María, Francisco Florencio e Juan Francisco. Conclusão. Durante o período de observação, as nutrizes do Hospital Real de Santiago de Compostela prestaram cuidados pediátricos. As amas de leite desempenharam um papel fundamental na manutenção da vida dos enjeitados e podem ser consideradas uma das figuras precursoras da profissão de enfermagem pediátrica da época.

Niños hospitalizados con influenza en un hospital pediátrico de Argentina durante 2019-2022: ¿qué ha cambiado luego de la pandemia por COVID-19? / Children with influenza admitted at a children's hospital in Argentina in the 2019­2022 period: What has changed after the COVID-19 pandemic?

Introducción. Durante 2020 y 2021, la circulación de los virus influenza se mantuvo por debajo de lo esperado en todo el mundo. En Argentina, en el año 2022 observamos una circulación ininterrumpida de influenza todo el año. Nuestros objetivos fueron describir los patrones de circulación y las características clínicas de niños internados con influenza. Población y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo, analítico, observacional. Se incluyeron todos los niños internados en un centro pediátrico con detección del virus influenza durante los años 2019-2022. Resultados. Se internaron 138 pacientes en 4 años; en 2019 se observó una tasa del 4,5/1000 egresos hospitalarios mientras que en 2022, fue del 15,1/1000. En 2020 y 2021 no hubo casos. En el 2019 la mayoría de los casos ocurrieron en invierno, la causa de la internación fue la infección respiratoria aguda baja (IRAB) en el 79 % y se detectó influenza A en el 92 % de los casos. En el 2022, la mayoría de los casos ocurrieron en primavera, el 62 % presentó IRAB y en el 56 % se detectó influenza A. Ambos períodos tuvieron similares frecuencias de vacunación y de comorbilidades. Conclusiones. En el 2022 se registraron más internaciones por influenza, lo que podría corresponder a que se realizaron métodos diagnósticos moleculares, que son más sensibles, y se observó un cambio en la estacionalidad con más casos en primavera. En 2019 predominó influenza A en infecciones del tracto respiratorio inferior, mientras que en el 2022 influenza A y B fueron similares, y hubo más formas extrapulmonares.

Introduction. During 2020 and 2021, the circulation of influenza virus remained below expectations worldwide. In Argentina, in 2022, we observed an uninterrupted circulation of influenza all year round. Our objectives were to describe the circulation patterns and clinical characteristics of hospitalized children with influenza. Population and methods. Retrospective, analytical, observational study. All children with influenza virus admitted to a children's hospital during the 2019­2022 period were included. Results. A total of 138 patients were admitted over 4 years; in 2019, the rate of hospital discharges was 4.5/1000, compared to 15.1/1000 in 2022. No cases were recorded in 2020 and 2021. In 2019, most cases were observed in the winter; in 79%, the cause was acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRTI); influenza A was detected in 92%. In 2022, most cases occurred in the spring; 62% developed ALRTI; and influenza A was detected in 56%. Similar rates of vaccination and comorbidities were observed in both periods. Conclusions. In 2022, more hospitalizations due to influenza were recorded, which may have correlated with the use of more sensitive molecular diagnostic testing and a change in seasonality, with more cases observed in the spring. In 2019, influenza A predominated in lower respiratory tract infections, while in 2022, cases of influenza A and B were similar, with more extra-pulmonary forms.

Occupational stress and coping strategies of nursing staff in times of Covid-19 / Estresse ocupacional e as estratégias de enfrentamento da equipe de enfermagem em tempos de Covid-19

INTRODUCTION: The increase in the workload of health professionals and the degree of complexity of patients, attribute greater risk to psychosocial stress. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the associations between occupational stress, quality of life at work, and coping strategies by the hospital nursing team during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Cross sectional, quantitative study with convenience sampling, data collection from August to December 2020; in two units of the private hospital network, with sociodemographic, occupational and health questionnaires; visual analogue scale for assessing quality of life at work; Demand-Control-Support (DCS); Occupational Coping Scale. RESULTS: The total sample consisted of 196 nursing professionals. There was significant certainty (negative, however, the dimension "Demand" of the DCS and QWL (<0.001, r=-0.367). Control over work-related work has a significant quality (but the "Control" dimension of the DCS and QWL (=0.025, r=0.160); and significantly negative, however, between the "Social Support" dimension of DCS and "Negative Equivalence" of Coping (p=0.003, r=-0.2013). CONCLUSION: The findings of this study allowed the correlation between occupational stress, coping and quality of life at work, showing that the lower the social support, the greater the use of avoidance strategies and consequently decline in quality of life at work. They also allowed us to identify the coping strategies used by the nursing staff and quality of life at work in the face of occupational stress during the COVID-19 pandemic.

INTRODUÇÃO: O aumento da carga de trabalho dos profissionais de saúde e o grau de complexidade dos pacientes, atribuem maior risco para o estresse psicossocial. OBJETIVO: Avaliar as associações entre o estresse ocupacional, a qualidade de vida no trabalho e as estratégias de enfrentamento pela equipe de enfermagem hospitalar na pandemia de COVID-19. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, quantitativo com amostragem por conveniência, coleta de dados de agosto a dezembro de 2020; em duas unidades da rede hospitalar privada, com questionário sociodemográfico, ocupacional e de saúde; escala visual analógica de avaliação da qualidade de vida no trabalho; Escala de Demanda-Controle-Apoio Social (DCS); Escala de Coping ocupacional. RESULTADOS: A amostra total foi de 196 profissionais de Enfermagem. Houve correlação significativa negativa, porém fraca, entre a dimensão "Demanda" da DCS e QVT (p<0,001, r=-0,367). O controle sobre o trabalho relacionado à qualidade de vida no trabalho possui correlação significativa positiva, porém fraca, entre a dimensão "Controle" da DCS e QVT (p=0,025, r=0,160); e correlação significativa negativa, porém fraca, entre a dimensão "Apoio social" da DCS e "Esquiva" de Coping (p=0,003, r=-0,213). CONCLUSÃO: Os achados deste estudo permitiram a correlação entre o estresse ocupacional, coping e qualidade de vida no trabalho, mostrando que quanto menor o apoio social, maior uso das estratégias de esquiva e consequentemente declínio na qualidade de vida no trabalho. Permitiram também identificar as estratégias de enfrentamento (coping) utilizadas pela equipe de enfermagem e qualidade de vida no trabalho frente ao estresse ocupacional durante a pandemia da COVID-19.

Estrés laboral y desempeño profesional en Personal de Salud del área de Ginecología y Obstetricia de un Hospital Peruano en el año 2023 / Work stress and professional performance in health personnel in the Gynecology and Obstetrics area of a Peruvian Hospital in 2023

Objetivo: Describir la relación entre el estrés laboral y el desempeño profesional en el servicio de Ginecología y Obstetricia en el Hospital Sergio Bernales durante el año 2023. Métodos: Estudio de tipo cuantitativo, observacional, prospectivo y transversal. Los participantes del estudio formaban parte del personal de salud que labora en el servicio de Ginecología y Obstetricia del Hospital Nacional Sergio E. Bernales. Resultados: El personal de salud presenta un nivel medio de estrés laboral 45,4 %, seguido por un 29,3 % con alto nivel y un 25,3 % con bajo nivel de estrés laboral. Los médicos residentes (18; 100 %) y los obstetras (26; 46,2 %) mostraron, predominantemente, un nivel medio de estrés laboral. Los niveles medio y alto de estrés se asociaron a un nivel de rendimiento bueno (26 personas; 45,6 %) y 15 entrevistados (26,3 %), respectivamente, y muy bueno: 18 personas (56,3 %) y 13 (40,6 %). Conclusión: Se destaca que el 57,6 % del personal tiene un buen desempeño profesional, siendo las obstetras mayoritarias en este grupo. Se observó que predominaron los niveles medio y alto de estrés laboral en el personal de salud, sin embargo, se encontró un nivel medio de desempeño profesional. Los hallazgos revelan que la mayoría de encuestados logró mantener un buen desempeño profesional a pesar de experimentar niveles medios o altos de estrés laboral, lo que sugiere la complejidad de la relación entre el estrés y el rendimiento laboral en este ámbito de la salud(AU)

Objective: To describe the relationship between work stress and professional performance in the Gynecology and Obstetrics service at the Sergio Bernales Hospital during the year 2023. Methods: Quantitative, observational, prospective and cross-sectional study. The study participants were health personnel working in the Gynecology and Obstetrics service of the Sergio E. Bernales National Hospital. Results: Health personnel have a medium level of work-related stress (45.4%), followed by 29.3% with a high level and 25.3% with a low level of work-related stress. Resident physicians (18; 100%) and obstetricians (26; 46.2%) predominantly showed a medium level of work-related stress. Medium and high levels of stress were associated with a good level of performance (26 people; 45.6%) and 15 interviewees (26.3%), respectively, and very good performance: 18 people (56.3%) and 13 (40.6%). Conclusions: It should be noted that 57,6% of the personnel have a good professional performance, with obstetricians being the majority in this group. It was observed that medium and high levels of work stress predominated among health personnel; however, a medium level of professional performance was found. The findings reveal that the majority of respondents managed to maintain good professional performance despite experiencing medium or high levels of job stress, suggesting the complexity of the relationship between stress and job performance in this health care setting(AU)

Evaluation of the quality of platelet concentrates obtained in a Peruvian hospital / Evaluación de la calidad de concentrados de plaquetas obtenidos en un hospital peruano

INTRODUCTION: Platelet concentrates are blood products obtained from donor's blood, and their conservation must be subject to a strict quality control process to guarantee a safe and high-performance product in treating diseases that require their use. METHODS: We designed a cross-sectional study to determine the total compliance rate in platelet concentrates obtained in the blood bank of the Cayetano Heredia Hospital in Lima during November and December of 2019. The Buffy method Coat obtained the platelet concentrates, and parameters such as platelet count and residual leukocytes, pH, and swirling effect were evaluated according to the National Hemotherapy and Blood Bank Program criteria. RESULTS: The platelet count had a mean of 6.66 ± 3.94 x 10¹°/µL, the platelet concentrates had a mean of 56.30 ± 6.22 mL, and all, without exception, had the presence of the Swirling phenomenon. The pH had a mean of 7.64 ± 0.15, while the leukocyte count had a mean of 4.22 ± 3.51 x 107/µL. Regarding compliance by the parameters evaluated, it was evident that the platelet and leukocyte count had moderate compliance rates of 43.6% and 24.1%, while the pH and swirling effect had rates of 100% in both cases. The total compliance rate was 54.9% (95% confidence interval: 46.0 to 63.5). CONCLUSIONS: The compliance rate of platelet concentrates is moderate, and it is necessary to implement a process of continuous quality improvement in the blood bank.

INTRODUCCIÓN: Los concentrados plaquetarios son hemoderivados obtenidos de la sangre, y su conservación debe estar supeditada a un estricto proceso de control de calidad para garantizar un producto inocuo y de alto rendimiento en el tratamiento de enfermedades que requieran su uso. MÉTODOS: Diseñamos un estudio transversal que tuvo por objetivo determinar la tasa de conformidad total en concentrados plaquetarios obtenidos en el banco de sangre del Hospital Cayetano Heredia de Lima durante los meses de noviembre y diciembre del año 2019. Los concentrados plaquetarios fueron obtenidos por el método de Buffy Coat y se evaluaron parámetros como el recuento de plaquetas y leucocitos residuales, pH y efecto swirling, según criterios del Programa Nacional de Hemoterapia y Bancos de Sangre. RESULTADOS: El recuento de plaquetas tuvo una media de 6.66 ± 3.94 x1010/µL y los concentrados plaquetarios tuvieron una media de 56.30 ± 6.22 mL, y todos sin excepción tuvieron presencia de fenómeno Swirling. El pH tuvo una media de 7.64 ± 0.15, mientras que el recuento de leucocitos tuvo una media de 4.22 ± 3.51 x107/µL. En cuanto al cumplimiento por parámetro evaluado, se evidenció que el recuento de plaquetas y leucocitos tuvieron tasas de conformidad de 43.6% y 24.1%, mientras que el pH y efecto swirling tuvieron tasas del 100% en ambos casos. La tasa de conformidad total fue 54.9% (CI95%: 46.0 a 63.5). CONCLUSIONES: La tasa de conformidad de los concentrados plaquetarios es moderada, y se requiere implementar un proceso de mejora continua de la calidad en el banco de sangre.

Sistematização da assistência de enfermagem: facilidades e impasses na óptica de enfermeiros hospitalares / Systematization of nursing care: facilities and impasses from the perspective of hospital nurses / Sistematización de la atención de enfermeira: facilidades y callejones desde la perspectiva del enfermeiro hospitalario

Objetivo: Analisar o conhecimento, bem como as facilidades e os impasses na implementação da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem na óptica dos enfermeiros em um hospital geral do Sul de Minas Gerais. Métodos: Estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, seguindo a trajetória fenomenológica. Os participantes constituíram-se por 21 enfermeiros atuantes no âmbito hospitalar. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas utilizando gravadores digitais com o intuito de registrar os discursos dos participantes na íntegra. Os dados foram analisados por meio da análise indutiva. Resultados: Os resultados possibilitaram extrair as seguintes categorias empíricas: A óptica profissional acerca dos instrumentos do cuidado; Facilidades na implementação da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem e Dificuldades na implementação da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem. Por meio dessas categorias foram extraídas subcategorias no que se referem ao conhecimento, as facilidades e os impasses sobre o objeto em estudo. Conclusão: Por conseguinte, a Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem apresentou-se como um instrumento facilitador no processo de trabalho do enfermeiro, porém, ainda existem muitos entraves que dificultam a execução deste processo. (AU)

Objective: To analyze the knowledge, as well as the facilities and impasses in the implementation of the Systematization of Nursing Care from the perspective of nurses in a general hospital in the south of Minas Gerais. Methods: Descriptive study with a qualitative approach, following the phenomenological trajectory. Participants consisted of 21 nurses working in the hospital environment. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews using digital recorders to record the participants' speeches in full. Data were analyzed using inductive analysis. Results: The results made it possible to extract the following empirical categories: The professional perspective on care instruments; Facilities in implementing the Systematization of Nursing Care and Difficulties in implementing the Systematization of Nursing Care. Through these categories, subcategories were extracted with regard to knowledge, facilities and impasses about the object under study. Conclusion: Therefore, the Nursing Care Systematization presented itself as a facilitating instrument in the nurses' work process, however, there are still many obstacles that hinder the execution of this process. (AU)

Objetivo: Analizar el conocimiento, así como las facilidades y callejones en la implementación de la Sistematización de la Atención de Enfermería desde la perspectiva del enfermero en un hospital general del sur de Minas Gerais. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo con abordaje cualitativo, siguiendo la trayectoria fenomenológica. Los participantes consistieron en 21 enfermeras que trabajan en el entorno hospitalario. La recolección de datos se realizó a través entrevistas semiestructuradas utilizando grabadoras digitales con el fin de registrar los discursos de los participantes en su totalidad. Los datos se analizaron mediante análisis inductivo. Resultados: Los resultados permitieron extraer las siguientes categorías empíricas: La perspectiva profesional sobre los instrumentos de atención; Facilidades en la implementación de la Sistematización de la Atención de Enfermería y Dificultades en la implementación de la Sistematización de la Atención de Enfermería. A través de estas categorías se extrajeron subcategorías en cuanto a conocimientos, facilidades y callejones sin salida sobre el objeto en estudio. Conclusión: Por lo tanto, la Sistematización del Cuidado de Enfermería se presentó como un instrumento facilitador en el proceso de trabajo del enfermero, sin embargo, aún existen muchos obstáculos que dificultan la ejecución de este proceso. (AU)

Feocromocitoma y paraganglioma en un hospital pediátrico de Argentina. Serie de casos / Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma at a children's hospital in Argentina. A case series

El feocromocitoma y el paraganglioma son tumores neuroendocrinos secretores de catecolaminas. Los feocromocitomas se originan en la médula suprarrenal, mientras que los paragangliomas son extraadrenales. Se describe una serie de casos de niños con diagnóstico anatomopatológico de feocromocitoma o paraganglioma que consultaron en un hospital pediátrico de alta complejidad de Argentina. Se incluyeron 21 pacientes, 14 varones, con una mediana de edad de 11,4 años; 8 casos con feocromocitoma y 13 casos con paraganglioma. Se presentaron con hipertensión arterial 14/21. La mayoría de los paragangliomas tuvieron localización paraaórtica (9/13). Debido a que representan una causa potencialmente curable de hipertensión arterial, la sospecha clínica es muy importante. El diagnóstico temprano y la instauración de un tratamiento antihipertensivo adecuado, que permita afrontar la cirugía con normotensión arterial, aseguran la curación en la mayoría de los casos si la resección tumoral es completa.

Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas are neuroendocrine tumors producing catecholamines. Pheochromocytomas occur in the adrenal medulla, while paragangliomas are those that occur outside the adrenal gland. Here we describe a case series of children with a pathological diagnosis of pheochromocytoma or paraganglioma who consulted at a tertiary care children's hospital in Argentina. A total of 21 patients (14 males) were included; their median age was 11.4 years; 8 children had pheochromocytoma and 13, paraganglioma. Arterial hypertension was observed in 14/21. Most paragangliomas were para-aortic (9/13). Since they are a potentially curable cause of hypertension, clinical suspicion is very important. An early diagnosis and the initiation of an adequate antihypertensive treatment, which allows the patient to undergo surgery with normal blood pressure, ensure a cure in most cases if tumor resection is complete.

Covid-19 in-hospital fatality among hospitalized patient residents of the two largest and smaller cities of the Brazilian states / Mortalidade hospitalar por Covid-19 entre pacientes hospitalizados residentes nas duas maiores e menores cidades dos estados brasileiros

Objective: To estimate the relative risk of COVID-19 in-hospital mortality rates among patients according to residing in the two largest cities of each state or residing in any smaller city, and to describe different patterns across states and macro-regions of Brazil. Method: The sample included all hospitalizations confirmed for COVID-19 that occurred in Brazil with a recorded outcome of the hospitalization by the end of December 2021. The exposure assessed was patients residing in the two largest cities of the state or any smaller cities. The outcome was in-hospital mortality rates caused by COVID-19. Multilevel Poisson regression was used to estimate adjusted relative risks for each state and macro-region of Brazil. Result: The analytic sample was composed of 1,658,934 hospitalized COVID-19 cases. For the whole country, living in the two largest cities of each state was associated with a lower risk of in-hospital mortality rate. Nevertheless, in two states of the North region (Amazonas and Pará), individuals living in the largest cities presented greater in-hospital fatality rates than those living in smaller cities. Conclusion: At the two biggest states of the Brazilian North region, the pattern of association between living in the largest cities and in-hospital fatality was inverse, and higher proportions of deaths without access to a hospital bed were identified, indicating singular vulnerability. The findings highlight the need for a more equitable distribution of health care services and qualified professionals in the vast territory of Brazil

Objetivo: Estimar o risco relativo de taxas de mortalidade hospitalar pela COVID-19 entre pacientes de acordo com residir nas duas maiores cidades de cada estado ou residir em qualquer cidade menor e descrever diferentes padrões entre estados e macrorregiões do Brasil. Método: A amostra incluiu todas as internações confirmadas por COVID-19 ocorridas no Brasil com registro da internação por COVID-19 até o final de dezembro de 2021. A exposição avaliada foi pacientes residentes nas duas maiores cidades do estado ou em cidades menores. O desfecho estudado foi as taxas de mortalidade hospitalar causadas pela COVID-19. A regressão de Poisson multinível foi utilizada para estimar os riscos relativos ajustados de cada estado e macrorregião do Brasil. Resultado: A amostra analítica foi composta por 1.658.934 casos hospitalizados por COVID-19. Para todo o país, morar nas duas maiores cidades de cada estado foi associado a um menor risco de taxa de mortalidade hospitalar. Apesar disso, em dois estados da região Norte (Amazonas e Pará), os indivíduos residentes nas maiores cidades apresentaram maiores taxas de letalidade hospitalar do que aqueles residentes nas cidades menores. Conclusão: Nos dois maiores estados da região Norte brasileira, o padrão de associação entre morar nas maiores cidades e mortalidade hospitalar foi inverso, e foram identificadas maiores proporções de mortes sem acesso a leito hospitalar, indicando vulnerabilidade singular. Os resultados destacam a necessidade de uma distribuição mais equitativa dos serviços de saúde e de profissionais qualificados no todo território do Brasil

Clinical, psychological and environmental factors that affect sleep quality of in surgical patients / Fatores clínicos, psicológicos e ambientais que afetam a qualidade de sono do doente cirúrgico

Objective: To assess the quality of sleep among surgical inpatients and to determine the associated clinical, environmental, and psychological factors. Method: A cross-sectional observational study using descriptive correlation analysis was conducted on 150 surgical inpatients at a Portuguese hospital center. A sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index - Portuguese version (PSQI-PT) were administered. Result: Most participants seemed to experience poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5 = 89.3%) during hospitalization.Factors associated with poor sleep quality include several clinical variables whose scores were significantly worse among cancer patients, patients undergoing colorectal surgery or esophagogastroduodenoscopies, those with longer hospital stays, and those experiencing pain and health-related complications. Variables related to sleep disturbances included noise, persistent changes in sleeping position, feelings of anxiety, and health concerns. Conclusion: Findings revel a high prevalence of poor sleep quality during hospitalization caused by an increased sleep latency period, a decline in total sleep time, and lower sleep efficiency

Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de sono do doente cirúrgico internado e determinar os fatores clínicos, ambientais e psicológicos associados. Método: Estudo observacional com matriz transversal e análise descritivo-correlacional, realizado com 150 doentes internados para procedimento cirúrgico, num centro hospitalar português. Foi aplicado um questionário para caracterização sociodemográfica e clínica, bem como o Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh ­ versão portuguesa (PSQI-PT). Resultado: A maioria dos participantes apresentou uma má qualidade de sono (PSQI > 5 = 89,3%) durante o internamento. Os fatores associados à má qualidade de sono incluem variáveis clínicas com piores escores nos doentes oncológicos, submetidos a cirurgia colorretal e esofagogastroduodenal, maior tempo de internamento, presença de dor e complicações. Como variáveis perturbadoras do sono destacam-se o ruído, a alteração da posição para dormir, sentir-se ansioso e a preocupação com a própria saúde. Conclusão: Observou-se uma elevada prevalência da má qualidade de sono, resultante do aumento do período de latência, diminuição do tempo total de sono e da sua eficiência durante o internamento

Tecnologia educativa para disseminação do programa Fall TIPS Brasil / Educational technology for disseminating the Fall TIPS Brasil program

Resumo: Esta tese integra o projeto de pesquisa e desenvolvimento tecnológico "Difusão e adoção do programa Fall Tailoring Interventions for Patient Safety (Fall TIPS): engajamento de pacientes, profissionais e liderança clínica para a prevenção de quedas em ambiente hospitalar". Está conectada à linha de Pesquisa de Gerenciamento de Serviços de Saúde e Enfermagem do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem da Universidade Federal do Paraná e objetivou construir, de maneira colaborativa, uma tecnologia educativa em formato de Curso Massivo, Aberto e Online (MOOC) sobre o programa Fall TIPS Brasil para a prevenção de quedas hospitalares, valendo-se de recursos variados, como infográficos, vídeos, podcasts e jogos interativos, destinada à disseminação da proposta entre profissionais e estudantes da área da saúde; e verificar o aprendizado estatisticamente significativo em relação ao conhecimento dos cursistas antes e após o seu acesso. Primeiramente ocorreu o processo de construção do MOOC com colaboração multidisciplinar, envolvendo docentes, estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação, profissionais de saúde e do setor de ensino a distância da universidade participante, fase de desenvolvimento tecnológico. Após, a abordagem quase experimental não randomizada e não concorrente foi realizada com 21 estudantes do último período do curso de graduação em enfermagem de uma universidade pública, tendo sido submetidos a um questionário contendo 10 questões objetivas antes e após o acesso ao MOOC. Os dados foram analisados mediante estatística descritiva e analítica. A construção do MOOC foi iniciada em 2020, com a primeira edição lançada em outubro de 2023. As etapas observadas na sua elaboração incluíram a escolha do tema, a produção do curso, a avaliação preliminar e a divulgação. O conhecimento dos cursistas após o acesso foi significativamente (p <0,001) maior, quando comparado com os resultados antes do acesso. A média das notas antes do acesso ao curso foi 7,1 e, após, foi 8,9. As evidências encontradas demonstram o sucesso da intervenção. O desenvolvimento do MOOC de maneira colaborativa, o direcionamento dos materiais para o público-alvo respeitando suas dificuldades e potencialidades permitem aderência a proposta, contribuindo para que a intervenção possibilite a ampliação do conhecimento sobre o programa Fall TIPS Brasil. Assim, destaca-se a importância de os profissionais de saúde possuírem conhecimento para poderem promover o engajamento dos pacientes e acompanhantes em prol da prevenção de quedas, sendo o MOOC um recurso promissor para essa finalidade.

Abstract: This thesis integrates the research and technological development project "Diffusion and adoption of the Fall Tailoring Interventions for Patient Safety (Fall TIPS) program: engagement of patients, professionals, and clinical leadership for the prevention of falls in the hospital environment." It is connected to the Research Line in Health Services Management and Nursing of the Graduate Program in Nursing at the Federal University of Paraná and aimed to collaboratively construct an educational technology in the form of a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) on the Fall TIPS Brazil program for the prevention of hospital falls, utilizing various resources such as infographics, videos, podcasts, and interactive games, intended for disseminating the proposal among healthcare professionals and students; and to verify statistically significant learning regarding the knowledge of the participants before and after accessing the course. First, the process of building the MOOC occurred through multidisciplinary collaboration, involving faculty, undergraduate and graduate students, healthcare professionals, and the university's distance education sector, in the phase of technological development. Subsequently, a quasi-experimental non-randomized and non-concurrent approach was conducted with 21 final-year nursing students from a public university, who were subjected to a questionnaire containing 10 objective questions before and after accessing the MOOC. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics. The construction of the MOOC began in 2020, with the first edition launched in October 2023. The stages observed in its development included choosing the theme, producing the course, preliminary evaluation, and dissemination. Participants' knowledge after accessing the course was significantly higher (p <0,001) compared to the results before access. The average score before accessing the course was 7,1 and after was 8,9. The evidence found demonstrates the success of the intervention. Collaborative development of the MOOC, directing materials to the target audience while respecting their difficulties and potentialities, allows adherence to the proposal, contributing to expanding knowledge about the Fall TIPS Brazil program. Thus, the importance of healthcare professionals having knowledge to promote the engagement of patients and caregivers in fall prevention is highlighted, with the MOOC being a promising resource for this purpose.

El metaverso en el mundo de la salud: el futuro presente. Desafíos y oportunidades / The metaverse in the world of health: The present future. Challenges and opportunities

La Organización Mundial de la Salud define la salud digital como la incorporación de tecnologías de información y comunicación para mejorar la salud. En los últimos años, se vio una fuerte aceleración en la adopción de estas herramientas digitales, lo que impactó de lleno en los modelos asistenciales tradicionales. Actualmente, estamos observando el surgimiento de un gran entorno virtual inmersivo llamado metaverso. Su aparición genera nuevas y desafiantes oportunidades en la salud. En este artículo se exploran algunos conceptos relacionados con este campo, se dan ejemplos concretos de su aplicación en pediatría, se mencionan algunas experiencias en el ámbito hospitalario para finalmente adentrarse en los desafíos y oportunidades que emergen.

The World Health Organization has defined "digital health" as the use of information and communication technologies to improve health. In recent years, there has been a strong acceleration in the adoption of these digital tools, which has had a major impact on traditional healthcare models. We are currently witnessing the emergence of a large immersive virtual environment called the "metaverse." Its emergence creates new and challenging opportunities in health care. This article explores some metaverse-related concepts, provides specific examples of its use in pediatrics, describes experiences in the hospital setting, and finally delves into the resulting challenges and opportunities.

Produto tecnológico cuidativo-educacional para promoção do aleitamento materno / Care-educational technological product to promote breastfeeding

Resumo: Este trabalho de desenvolvimento tecnológico apresenta a produção do primeiro material registrado em nível nacional com a proposta didática intitulada "Meu plano de aleitamento materno", para educação, apoio e promoção, destinada a gestantes e lactantes. Teve como objetivo desenvolver tecnologia educacional pelo(a) enfermeiro(a) para subsidiar o público específico e levar a sociedade a compreender que o leite materno é capaz de melhorar substancialmente os desfechos de saúde. Trata-se de pesquisa metodológica, de produção tecnológica, desenvolvida em três fases: na primeira foi realizado o diagnóstico situacional; a segunda fase é denominada exploratória, por meio de revisão de literatura e contextualização da problemática na prática profissional; e a terceira fase caracterizou-se pela construção da tecnologia cuidativo-educacional. O período de estudo foi de março de 2022 a dezembro de 2023. Utilizou-se o software Canva para a construção do produto. Como resultado, produziu-se material didático composto de textos, imagens, disponibilidade de QR code e links para acessar vídeos, fundamentados em leis, políticas públicas nacionais, diretrizes e protocolos relacionados ao aleitamento materno. Concluiu-se que a tecnologia desenvolvida atende à necessidade dos profissionais para subsidiar a prática profissional como possibilidade de método para educação em saúde, sendo possível replicar para outros temas. A tecnologia desenvolvida é capaz de cumprir o propósito de auxiliar enfermeiros na aproximação de pacientes e respectivos familiares a fim de promover o preparo e a manutenção do aleitamento materno articulado entre a Atenção Primária à Saúde e o ambiente hospitalar, além de contemplar esclarecimentos importantes proporcionando benefícios a curto e longo prazo para a díade, sociedade e ambiente.

Abstract: This technological development work presents the production of the first material registered at national level with the didactic proposal entitled "My breastfeeding plan", for education, support and promotion, aimed at pregnant and breastfeeding women. The objective was to develop educational technology for nurses to support the specific public and lead society to understand that breast milk is capable of substantially improving health outcomes. This is methodological research, technological production, developed in three phases: in the first, the situational diagnosis was carried out; the second phase is called exploratory, through literature review and contextualization of the problem in professional practice; and the third phase was characterized by the construction of care-educational technology. The study period was from March 2022 to December 2023. Canva software was used to build the product. As a result, teaching material was produced consisting of texts, images, availability of QR code and links to access videos, based on laws, national public policies, guidelines and protocols related to breastfeeding. It was concluded that the technology developed meets the need of professionals to support professional practice as a possible method for health education, and can be replicated for other topics. The technology developed is capable of fulfilling the purpose of assisting nurses in approaching patients and their families in order to promote the preparation and maintenance of breastfeeding articulated between Primary Health Care and the hospital environment, in addition to providing important clarifications providing benefits short and long term for the dyad, society and environment.

Environmental health practice and quality of Nursing care: a protocol for systematic review

OBJECTIVE: To systematically synthesize studies that analyze the relationship between a healthy practice environment and quality of nursing care in hospital settings; to identify the most commonly used instruments to assess nurses' perceptions of a healthy practice environment; to identify the most commonly used instruments to assess nurses' perceptions of quality of nursing care. METHOD: A systematic literature review will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The literature search will be conducted in the principal databases. Review of international scientific articles published in the last ten years, accessed through the database of the Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, on nurses' perceptions of the influence of the environment on healthy nursing practice and quality of care. Inclusion: Articles published after 2012 in Portuguese, Spanish, and English. The identified, selected and included studies will be highlighted for the selection process using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P). If possible, quantitative data will be pooled into a meta-analysis using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (MASTARI).

Association between congenital hypothyroidism and in-hospital adverse outcomes in very low birth weight infants / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To investigate the association between congenital hypothyroidism (CH) and the adverse outcomes during hospitalization in very low birth weight infants (VLBWI). Methods: This prospective, multicenter observational cohort study was conducted based on the data from the Sino-northern Neonatal Network (SNN). Data of 5 818 VLBWI with birth weight <1 500 g and gestational age between 24-<37 weeks that were admitted to the 37 neonatal intensive care units from January 1st, 2019 to December 31st, 2022 were collected and analyzed. Thyroid function was first screened at 7 to 10 days after birth, followed by weekly tests within the first 4 weeks, and retested at 36 weeks of corrected gestational age or before discharge. The VLBWI were assigned to the CH group or non-CH group. Chi-square test, Fisher exact probability method, Wilcoxon rank sum test, univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between CH and poor prognosis during hospitalization in VLBWI. Results: A total of 5 818 eligible VLBWI were enrolled, with 2 982 (51.3%) males and the gestational age of 30 (29, 31) weeks. The incidence of CH was 5.5% (319 VLBWI). Among the CH group, only 121 VLBWI (37.9%) were diagnosed at the first screening. Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that CH was associated with increased incidence of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) (OR=1.31(1.04-1.64), P<0.05) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) of stage Ⅲ and above (OR=1.74(1.11-2.75), P<0.05). However, multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed no significant correlation between CH and EUGR, moderate to severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia, grade Ⅲ to Ⅳ intraventricular hemorrhage, neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis in stage Ⅱ or above, and ROP in stage Ⅲ or above (OR=1.04 (0.81-1.33), 0.79 (0.54-1.15), 1.15 (0.58-2.26), 1.43 (0.81-2.53), 1.12 (0.70-1.80), all P>0.05). Conclusion: There is no significant correlation between CH and in-hospital adverse outcomes, possibly due to timely diagnosis and active replacement therapy.

The association between body mass index and in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events in patients with acute coronary syndrome / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To assess the association between body mass index (BMI) and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) among patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods: This was a multicenter prospective cohort study, which was based on the Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China (CCC) project. The hospitalized patients with ACS aged between 18 and 80 years, registered in CCC project from November 1, 2014 to December 31, 2019 were included. The included patients were categorized into four groups based on their BMI at the time of admission: underweight (BMI<18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m2), overweight (BMI between 25.0 and 29.9 kg/m2), and obese (BMI≥30.0 kg/m2). Multivariate logistic regression models was used to analyze the relationship between BMI and the risk of in-hospital MACCE. Results: A total of 71 681 ACS inpatients were included in the study. The age was (63.4±14.7) years, and 26.5% (18 979/71 681) were female. And the incidence of MACCE for the underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese groups were 14.9% (322/2 154), 9.5% (3 997/41 960), 7.9% (1 908/24 140) and 7.0% (240/3 427), respectively (P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a higher incidence of MACCE in the underweight group compared to the normal weight group (OR=1.30, 95%CI 1.13-1.49, P<0.001), while the overweight and obese groups exhibited no statistically significant difference in the incidence of MACCE compared to the normal weight group (both P>0.05). Conclusion: ACS patients with BMI below normal have a higher risk of in-hospital MACCE, suggesting that BMI may be an indicator for evaluating short-term prognosis in ACS patients.

The association between body mass index and in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events in patients with acute coronary syndrome / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To assess the association between body mass index (BMI) and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) among patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods: This was a multicenter prospective cohort study, which was based on the Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China (CCC) project. The hospitalized patients with ACS aged between 18 and 80 years, registered in CCC project from November 1, 2014 to December 31, 2019 were included. The included patients were categorized into four groups based on their BMI at the time of admission: underweight (BMI<18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m2), overweight (BMI between 25.0 and 29.9 kg/m2), and obese (BMI≥30.0 kg/m2). Multivariate logistic regression models was used to analyze the relationship between BMI and the risk of in-hospital MACCE. Results: A total of 71 681 ACS inpatients were included in the study. The age was (63.4±14.7) years, and 26.5% (18 979/71 681) were female. And the incidence of MACCE for the underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese groups were 14.9% (322/2 154), 9.5% (3 997/41 960), 7.9% (1 908/24 140) and 7.0% (240/3 427), respectively (P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a higher incidence of MACCE in the underweight group compared to the normal weight group (OR=1.30, 95%CI 1.13-1.49, P<0.001), while the overweight and obese groups exhibited no statistically significant difference in the incidence of MACCE compared to the normal weight group (both P>0.05). Conclusion: ACS patients with BMI below normal have a higher risk of in-hospital MACCE, suggesting that BMI may be an indicator for evaluating short-term prognosis in ACS patients.

Microbiological characteristics of bloodstream infections in a reference hospital in northeastern Brazil / Características microbiológicas de infecções da corrente sanguínea em hospital de referência no nordeste do Brasil

Abstract Routine blood culture is used for the detection of bloodstream infections by aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and by common pathogenic yeasts. A retrospective study was conducted in a public hospital in Maceió-AL, by collecting data of all medical records with positive blood cultures. Out of the 2,107 blood cultures performed, 17% were positive with Staphylococcus coagulase negative (51.14%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (11.21%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (6.32%). Gram-positive bacteria predominated among positive blood cultures, highlighting the group of Staphylococcus coagulase-negative. While Gram-negative bacteria had a higher number of species among positive blood cultures.

Resumo A cultura sanguínea de rotina é usada para a detecção de infecções na corrente sanguínea por bactérias aeróbias e anaeróbias e por leveduras patogênicas comuns. Estudo retrospectivo realizado em hospital público de Maceió-AL, por meio da coleta de dados de todos os prontuários com culturas sanguíneas positivas. Das 2.107 culturas sanguíneas realizadas, 17% foram positivas com Staphylococcus coagulase negativo (51,14%), seguido por Staphylococcus aureus (11,21%) e Klebsiella pneumoniae (6,32%). As bactérias Gram-positiva predominaram entre as culturas de sangue positivas, destacando-se o grupo das Staphylococcus coagulase-negativo. Enquanto as bactérias Gram-negativas apresentaram um número maior de espécies entre as culturas de sangue positivas.

Rompendo o silêncio pelo riso: relações hospitalares e atuação dos palhaços promotores da saúde / Breaking the silence through laughter: hospital relations and the work of health-promoting clowns / Rompiendo el silencio a través de la risa: Las relaciones hospitalarias y el trabajo de los payasos promotores de salud

Justificativa: Desde o início da história, registra-se a presença da figura do palhaço na sociedade, designadamente nos cenários de saúde, onde buscavam levar a arte e a recreação ao processo de tratamento. Entretanto, no século XX, especificamente a partir dos anos 1970, surgiram propostas de trabalho para que essa relação no hospital fosse vinculada à promoção da saúde, de forma integrada e efetiva. Este projeto tem como objetivo avaliar como os palhaços de hospital interferem nas relações hospitalares. O estudo questiona: Como estabelecer relações hospitalares para ampliar a eficácia da intervenção do palhaço? De que forma as relações já existentes entre a organização de palhaços e os hospitais facilitam ou dificultam o acesso aos hospitais? Para responder a estes questionamentos foi utilizada a metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa para a produção de dados através de entrevistas semiestruturadas com integrantes de projetos de palhaços de hospital a nível internacional. Para análise dos dados, foi utilizada a técnica Análise de Conteúdo na modalidade temática de Bardin (2010). Como resultados desta pesquisa estão a compreensão de como são promovidas e mantidas as relações entre as organizações de palhaços e a administração hospitalar, de modo a assegurar a abertura, continuidade, eficácia e reconhecimento do trabalho dos palhaços nesse contexto. Além disso pontua-se a identificação, sistematização e disseminação de práticas, de modo a permitir a sua adoção por outras organizações de palhaços em escala mundial. Como conclusão, foi visualizado o potencial do palhaço de hospital no que diz respeito às relações de gênero e raciais e enquanto instrumento de enfrentamento à colonialidade, principalmente a nível nacional, com respaldo nas políticas do SUS. Mostra-se ainda primordial que o discurso para conhecimento da prática de cuidados dos palhaços promotores da saúde seja compartilhado com os gestores hospitalares, tendo como finalidade promover a qualidade das relações interinstitucionais.

Justification: Since the beginning of history, the presence of clowns in society has been recorded, particularly in healthcare settings, where they sought to bring art and recreation to the treatment process. However, in the 20th century, specifically from the 1970s onwards, proposals emerged to link this relationship in hospital to health promotion, in an integrated and effective way. This project aims to assess how hospital clowns interfere in hospital relationships. The study asks: How can hospital relationships be established to increase the effectiveness of the clown's intervention? How do existing relationships between clown organisations and hospitals facilitate or hinder access to hospitals? To answer these questions, a qualitative research methodology was used to produce data through semi-structured interviews with members of international hospital clown projects. Bardin's (2010) thematic content analysis technique was used to analyse the data. The results of this research include an understanding of how relationships between clown organisations and hospital administration are promoted and maintained in order to ensure the openness, continuity, effectiveness and recognition of clowns' work in this context. In addition, the identification, systematisation and dissemination of practices is highlighted, so that they can be adopted by other clown organisations worldwide. In conclusion, the potential of hospital clowns was visualised with regard to gender and race relations and as an instrument for confronting coloniality, especially at a national level, backed up by SUS policies. It is also essential that the discourse on the care practices of health-promoting clowns is shared with hospital managers, with the aim of promoting the quality of inter-institutional relations.

Justificación: Desde el comienzo de la historia, se ha registrado la presencia de payasos en la sociedad, en particular en el ámbito sanitario, donde buscaban aportar arte y recreación al proceso de tratamiento. Sin embargo, en el siglo XX, concretamente a partir de los años 70, surgieron propuestas para vincular esta relación en el hospital a la promoción de la salud, de forma integrada y eficaz. Este proyecto pretende evaluar cómo los payasos de hospital interfieren en las relaciones hospitalarias. El estudio se pregunta: ¿Cómo se pueden establecer relaciones hospitalarias para aumentar la eficacia de la intervención del payaso? ¿Cómo facilitan o dificultan el acceso a los hospitales las relaciones existentes entre las organizaciones de payasos y los hospitales? Para responder a estas preguntas, se utilizó una metodología de investigación cualitativa para producir datos a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas con miembros de proyectos internacionales de payasos de hospital. Para analizar los datos se utilizó la técnica de análisis de contenido temático de Bardin (2010). Los resultados de esta investigación incluyen la comprensión de cómo se promueven y mantienen las relaciones entre las organizaciones de payasos y la administración hospitalaria con el fin de garantizar la apertura, la continuidad, la eficacia y el reconocimiento del trabajo de los payasos en este contexto. Además, se destaca la identificación, sistematización y difusión de prácticas, para que puedan ser adoptadas por otras organizaciones de payasos en todo el mundo. En conclusión, se visualizó el potencial de los payasos de hospital en lo que se refiere a las relaciones de género y raza y como instrumento de enfrentamiento a la colonialidad, especialmente a nivel nacional, respaldado por las políticas del SUS. También es fundamental que el discurso sobre las prácticas asistenciales de los payasos promotores de salud sea compartido con los gestores hospitalarios, con el objetivo de promover la calidad de las relaciones interinstitucionales.

Análise das preparações de um serviço de alimentação hospitalar segundo o Escore para Avaliação Qualitativa de Preparação / Analysis of the preparations of a hospital food service according to the Score for Qualitative Assessment of Preparation

Introdução: A oferta de ambientes alimentares saudáveis e sustentáveis deve contar com a avaliação de cardápios que estejam adequados para além da dimensão nutricional, devendo contemplar, entre outros fatores, o grau de processamento dos alimentos conforme recomendações do Guia Alimentar para a População Brasileira. Objetivo: Analisar as preparações de um serviço de alimentação hospitalar segundo o Escore para Avaliação Qualitativa de Preparação. Métodos: O estudo foi do tipo quantitativo, observacional, transversal e analítico, desenvolvido em um serviço de nutrição hospitalar no município de Fortaleza - CE no período de janeiro a junho de 2023. A amostra foi composta por todas as preparações do cardápio de almoço e jantar dos colaboradores, pacientes e acompanhantes. Para análise, foi utilizado o Escore de Avaliação Qualitativa das Preparações, que avalia o grau de processamento industrial do ingrediente, além de outras recomendações. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que 80% das 315 preparações foram classificadas como de "alta qualidade". As sobremesas e saladas apresentaram maior percentual de preparações classificadas como de "alta qualidade", 97% e 95,7% respectivamente (p <0,001). Uma preparação (1,2%) foi classificada como de "muito baixa qualidade". A qualidade das refeições dos pacientes foi superior à dos colaboradores e acompanhantes (p < 0,05) confirmando a hipótese do trabalho. Conclusões: A qualidade das preparações analisadas apresentou resultados satisfatórios e em concordância com as recomendações do Guia Alimentar para a População Brasileira.

Introduction: The provision of healthy and sustainable food environments should include the assessment of adequate menus beyond the nutritional dimension, and, among other factors, the food processing levels recommended by the Food Guide for the Brazilian Population. Objective: To analyze the preparations of a hospital food service under the Qualitative Preparation Assessment Score. Methods: This quantitative, observational, cross-sectional, and analytical study was conducted in a hospital nutrition service in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, from January to June 2023. The sample consisted of all the lunch and dinner menu preparations for employees, patients, and companions. Besides other recommendations, we adopted the Qualitative Preparation Assessment Score for analysis to evaluate the ingredient industrial processing level. Results: The results showed that 80% of the 315 preparations were classified as "high quality". Desserts and salads had the highest percentage of preparations classified as "high quality", 97% and 95.7%, respectively (p<0.001). One preparation (1.2%) was classified as "very low quality". The quality of patients' meals was higher than that of employees and companions (p<0.05), confirming the study's hypothesis. Conclusions: The quality of the preparations analyzed was satisfactory and aligned with the recommendations of the Food Guide for the Brazilian Population.