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1.
Rev. méd. Maule ; 38(1): 77-89, jun. 2023. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1562390

ABSTRACT

Neuropsychiatric syndromes in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are one of the many clinical manifestations in which this pathology presents. They have a wide range of prevalence, from 37- 95% due to factors like absence of standardized definitions and non-nespecific clinical manifestations. Physiopathology is mediated by autoimmune mechanisms commonly differentiated in ischemic and inflammatory; there is a clear relationship between the pathologic pathway and the neuropsychiatric manifestation. Moreover, the blood-brain barrier plays a key role, since an alteration of the permeability allows the pass of autoantibodies to the cerebrospinal fluid. There are 19 neuropsychiatric syndromes described which include both diffuse and focal manifestations. The diagnosis must be of exclusion in sights of the more prevalent, severe and potentially deadly etiologies of the neuropsychiatric manifestations, being indispensable to conduct a full study of the patient. The therapyfocuses on symptomatic treatment for each manifestation. Immunotherapy and antithrombotic treatments should be prescripted depending on the underlying pathophysiological mechanism; however, to uncover the predominant pathological route remains a challenge. Future studies should be focused in a better understanding of the physiopathological routes in order to develop standardized diagnosis criteria and optimize an early treatment. This would have a major impact in the life of patients suffering from neuropsychiatric manifestations of SLE, whose late diagnosis is linked with greater organic damage and a poorer quality of life.


Subject(s)
Humans , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/diagnosis , Mental Disorders/etiology , Nervous System Diseases/etiology , Prevalence , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/drug therapy , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/epidemiology , Mental Disorders/immunology , Mental Disorders/drug therapy , Antibodies
2.
Rev. cuba. estomatol ; 59(1)mar. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1408371

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Existen pocos estudios sobre los trastornos mentales comunes y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud mental en trabajadores de salud bucal. Objetivo: Describir los trastornos mentales comunes y la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud mental en trabajadores de equipos de salud bucal en atención primaria de salud del Sistema Único de Salud de la Región Metropolitana de Salvador de Bahía, Brasil. Métodos: Estudio transversal y descriptivo, que utilizó el Cuestionario de declaración de síntomas para evaluar trastornos mentales comunes, el Cuestionario de salud para calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y un cuestionario de caracterización sociodemográfica. Resultados: Conformaron la muestra 161 profesionales (59,6 por ciento odontólogos y 40,4 por ciento auxiliares de salud bucal). El promedio de la puntuación para Cuestionario de declaración de síntomas fue mayor para los odontólogos (p = 0,032). Los dominios de salud mental del Cuestionario de salud fueron menores y significativos en odontólogos. Tres factores del Cuestionario de declaración de síntomas presentaron alta correlación negativa con los dominios de salud mental del Cuestionario de salud. Conclusiones: Los odontólogos presentaron mayores síntomas de trastornos mentales comunes y deterioro de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud mental que los auxiliares de salud bucal, siendo necesarias estrategias de promoción de la salud mental para trabajadores de los equipos de salud bucal(AU)


Introduction: Few studies are available about common mental disorders and mental health-related quality of life among dental healthcare providers. Objective: Describe the common mental disorders and the mental health-related quality of life of members of oral health teams from the primary health care section of the Unified Health System in the Metropolitan Region of Salvador de Bahia, Brazil. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted based on the Symptom reporting questionnaire for the evaluation of common mental disorders, the Health questionnaire about health-related quality of life, and a sociodemographic characterization questionnaire. Results: The study sample was composed of 161 professionals, of whom 59.6 percent were dentists and 40.4 percent were dental auxiliaries. Dentists obtained a higher average score in the Symptom reporting questionnaire (p = 0.032), whereas their scores in the mental health domains of the Health questionnaire were lower and significant. Three factors in the Symptom reporting questionnaire exhibited a high negative correlation with the mental health domains of the Health questionnaire. Conclusions: Dentists presented greater symptoms of common mental disorders and mental health-related quality of life deterioration than dental auxiliaries. It is therefore necessary to implement mental health promotion strategies aimed at members of oral health teams(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Primary Health Care/methods , Quality of Life , Mental Disorders/etiology , Occupational Health Services/methods , Mental Health , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health Strategies
4.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; Arch. latinoam. nutr;71(3): 199-207, sept. 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1353212

ABSTRACT

Las enfermedades mentales representan uno de los mayores problemas de salud pública. El consumo de alimentos ricos en antioxidantes como, frutas y verduras puede disminuir los factores de riesgo. Objetivo. Analizar la ingesta dietética y el riesgo de enfermedades mentales en adultos peruanos. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio transversal en 393 adultos peruanos, provenientes de las tres regiones del país (costa, sierra y selva). Los datos sociodemográficos, antropométricos se obtuvieron por auto reporte mediante una ficha de registro y el riesgo de enfermedades mentales se determinó con el Cuestionario de Salud General-12 (GHQ-12). Se analizaron los datos mediante el software estadístico IBM SPSS, versión 26. Se utilizó la prueba Chi-cuadrado, considerando un nivel de significancia del 5 %. Resultados. Los participantes que informaron riesgo y presencia de enfermedades mentales reportaron un consumo inadecuado de frutas, verduras y grasas saludables. El consumo adecuado de cereales integrales, frutas y verduras fue significativamente mayor en las mujeres (p<0,05). Sin embargo, más de la mitad de las mujeres demostró estar en riesgo de enfermedades mentales respecto a los hombres (p<0,001). Conclusiones. La ingesta adecuada de alimentos saludables podría resultar beneficiosa en la reducción de los riesgos de las enfermedades mentales en este grupo de población(AU)


Mental illnesses represent one of the biggest public health problems. Consuming foods rich in antioxidants such as fruits and vegetables can lower risk factors. Objective. To analyze the dietary intake and the risk of mental illnesses in Peruvian adults. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out in 393 Peruvian adults, who came from the three regions of the country (coast, mountains and jungle). Sociodemographic and anthropometric data were obtained through a registration form and the risk of mental illnesses was determined using the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12). The data were analyzed using the statistical software IBM SPSS, version 26. The Chi-square test was used, considering a significance level of 5%. Results. Participants who reported risk and presence of mental illness reported inadequate consumption of fruits, vegetables, and healthy fats. Adequate consumption of whole grains, fruits and vegetables was significantly higher in women (p <0.05). However, more than half of the women proved to be at risk for mental illnesses compared to men (p <0.001). Conclusions. The adequate intake of healthy foods could be beneficial in reducing the risks of mental illness in this population group(AU)q


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Vegetables , Depression/etiology , Diet, Healthy , Fruit , Mental Disorders/etiology , Mental Disorders/genetics , Antioxidants , Stress, Psychological , Risk Factors , Adult , Life Style
6.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; Medicina (B.Aires);80(6): 670-680, dic. 2020. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1250290

ABSTRACT

Abstract Hyperprolactinemia may be associated with psychiatric disorders in the context of two scenarios: antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia and psychiatric disorders arising from the medical treatment of hyperprolactinemia. Both situations are particularly common in psychiatric and endocrine clinical practice, albeit generally underestimated or unrecognized. The aim of this article is to provide tools for the diagnosis and treatment of hyperprolactinemia associated with psychiatric disorders to raise awareness, especially among psychiatrists and endocrinologists, so that these professionals can jointly focus on the appropriate management of this clinical entity.


Resumen La hiperprolactinemia puede asociarse con trastornos psiquiátricos en el contexto de dos escenarios: la hiperprolactinemia inducida por antipsicóticos y trastornos psiquiátricos surgidos por el tratamiento médico de la hiperprolactinemia. Ambas situaciones son particularmente comunes en la práctica clínica psiquiátrica y endocrinológica, aunque generalmente subestimadas o inadvertidas. El objetivo de este artículo es proporcionar herramientas de diagnóstico y tratamiento de la hiperprolactinemia asociada a trastornos psiquiátricos, para concientizar particularmente a psiquiatras y endocrinólogos a enfocar en conjunto el manejo apropiado de esta entidad.


Subject(s)
Humans , Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects , Hyperprolactinemia/diagnosis , Hyperprolactinemia/chemically induced , Hyperprolactinemia/drug therapy , Mental Disorders/etiology , Mental Disorders/drug therapy , Prolactin/metabolism
9.
J. bras. psiquiatr ; J. bras. psiquiatr;69(2): 93-102, abr.-jun. 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1134949

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between exposure to domestic violence and increased risk of internalizing and externalizing problems and substance use among adolescents living with relatives with substance use disorder (SUD) at a low-income community of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: A crosssectional study was conducted with 102 adolescents aged 12-17 years (M = 14.2, SD = 1.7) who were living with relatives suffering from SUD. Outcomes were measured using the Youth Self-Report (YSR), psychosocial stress factors questionnaire, Drug Use Screening Inventory (DUSI) and Phrase Inventory of Intrafamily Child Abuse (PIICA). RESULTS: The sample presented high prevalence of emotional/behavioral problems with YSR's scores in the clinical range for Internalizing Problems (24.5%), Externalizing Problems (21.6%), and Total Problems (26.5%). The presence of mental health problems predicted substance use (PR = 2.22; 95% CI = 1.2-4.13), and substance use predicted increased risk of mental health problems. Alcohol use predicted more than double the risk of emotional/behavioral problems (PR = 2.01; 95% CI = 1.08-3.76), while illicit drug use was associated with an almost threefold increase in the prevalence of Internalizing (PR = 2.87; 95% CI = 1.19-6.89) and Externalizing Problems (PR = 3.3; 95% CI = 1.35-8.04). CONCLUSION: Adolescents of relatives with SUD are at risk of developing emotional and behavioral problems. These findings reinforce the need to develop public mental health policies, which include protective interventions to adolescents living in families affected by substance use disorders.


OBJETIVO: Investigar a associação entre exposição à violência doméstica e aumento do risco de problemas internalizantes e externalizantes e uso de substâncias entre adolescentes que vivem em famílias com transtorno por uso de substâncias (TUS) em uma comunidade de baixa renda de São Paulo, Brasil. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com 102 adolescentes de 12 a 17 anos (M = 14,2, DP = 1,7) que vivem com familiares com TUS. Os desfechos foram avaliados por meio do Inventário de Autoavaliação para Adolescentes (YSR), questionários de fatores de estresse psicossociais, Drug Use Screening Inventory (DUSI) e Inventário de Frases de Violência Doméstica (IFVD). RESULTADOS: A amostra apresentou altas taxas de problemas emocionais/comportamentais no YSR, sendo 24,5% com escores na faixa clínica para Problemas Internalizantes, 21,6% para Problemas Externalizantes e 26,5% para Problemas Totais. A presença de problemas de saúde mental foi preditora do uso de substâncias (RP = 2,22; IC 95% = 1,2-4,13) e o uso de substâncias foi preditor do aumento da prevalência de problemas emocionais/comportamentais. O uso de álcool prediz mais do que o dobro do risco de problemas emocionais/comportamentais (RP = 2,01; IC 95% = 1,08-3,76), enquanto o uso de substâncias ilícitas esteve associado com um aumento de quase três vezes na prevalência de Problemas Internalizantes (RP = 2,87; IC 95% = 1,19-6,89) e Externalizantes (RP = 3,3; IC 95% = 1,35-8,04). CONCLUSÃO: Adolescentes que convivem diretamente com familiares com TUS estão em risco para o desenvolvimento de problemas emocionais/comportamentais. Os achados reforçam a necessidade de políticas públicas que incluam programas de proteção para adolescentes que vivem em famílias com transtornos causados pelo uso de substâncias.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adolescent Behavior/psychology , Domestic Violence , Substance-Related Disorders/psychology , Family Conflict/psychology , Exposure to Violence , Stress, Psychological , Poverty Areas , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Sensitivity and Specificity , Mental Disorders/etiology
10.
Rev. cuba. enferm ; 36(2): e3251, abr.-jul.2020.
Article in Portuguese | CUMED, LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1280254

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Dentre os membros da estratégia saúde da família, está o enfermeiro, um profissional capaz de perceber o indivíduo como um todo, favorecendo a assistência às pessoas com transtorno mental de maneira qualificada. Objetivo: Analisar a imagem da pessoa com transtorno mental construída pelos enfermeiros da estratégia de saúde da família. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo, de natureza descritivo-exploratória, cujo cenário foi composto pelas Unidades de Saúde de Maceió, com a partticipação de quinze enfermeiros, que foram entrevistados com base em uma entrevista semiestruturada e a metodologia utilizada foi a análise de conteúdo por meio de análise temática e o referencial teórico utilizado foram os conceitos de estigma, identidade social e pessoal da teoria de Erving Goffman. Resultados: Na problematização emergiram três categorias de análise: Transtorno mental: uma imagem ainda estigmatizada; Relação enfermeiro-pessoa: dificuldades para o encontro entre o eu e o outro; Possibilidades de mudanças: o portador de transtorno mental é simplesmente uma pessoa. Conclusões: Os enfermeiros ainda mantêm uma imagem marcada pelo estigma da loucura, sentimentos de insegurança e falta de confiança dificultam a realização de cuidados efetivos em saúde mental, os quais, por sua vez, estão relacionados à má formação e ausência de atualizações(AU)


Introducción: Entre los miembros de la estrategia salud de la familia está el enfermero, un profesional que puede percibir al individuo en su totalidad, favoreciendo una asistencia calificada a las personas con trastorno mental. Objetivo: Analizar la imagen de la persona con trastorno mental construida por el enfermero miembro de la estrategia de salud de la familia. Métodos: Estudio cualitativo, descriptivo exploratorio, cuyo escenario fue compuesto por las Unidades de Salud de Maceió, con la participación de quince enfermeras, que fueron entrevistadas en base a una entrevista semiestructurada. La metodología utilizada fue el análisis de contenido mediante análisis temático y el marco teórico utilizado fueron los conceptos de estigma, identidad social y personal de la teoría de Erving Goffman. Resultados: En la problematización surgieron tres categorías de análisis: Trastorno mental: una imagen aún estigmatizada; Relación enfermero-persona: dificultades para el encuentro entre el yo y el otro; y Posibilidades de cambio: el portador de trastorno mental es simplemente una persona. Conclusión: El personal de enfermería aún mantiene una imagen marcada por el estigma de la locura, sentimientos de inseguridad y la falta de confianza dificultan la realización de cuidados efectivos en salud mental, los cuales a su vez están relacionados con un pobre entrenamiento y ausencia de actualización(AU)


Introduction: Among those members who participate in the family health strategy is the nurse, a professional who can perceive the individual in his/her entire being, favoring qualified assistance for people with mental disorders. Objective: To analyze the image about the person with a mental disorder constructed by the nurse who is a member of the family health strategy. Methods: Qualitative, descriptive and exploratory study whose setting was composed of the health units in Maceió and carried out with the participation of fifteen nurses, who were conducted a semi-structured interview. The methodology used was content analysis through thematic analysis, while the theoretical framework used included the concepts of stigma, and social and personal identity provided within Erving Goffman's theory. Results: In the problematization, three categories of analysis emerged: mental disorder, an image still stigmatized; nurse-person relationship, difficulties for the encounter between the self and the other; and possibilities for a change, the carrier of a mental disorder is simply a person. Conclusion: The nursing staff still maintains an image marked by the stigma of insanity; feelings of insecurity and lack of confidence hinder the performance or provision of effective mental health cares, which is, in turn, related to poor training and absence of upgrade(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Family Health , Mental Disorders/etiology , Nursing Staff , Epidemiology, Descriptive
11.
Rev. bras. enferm ; Rev. bras. enferm;73(supl.2): e20200338, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | BDENF, LILACS | ID: biblio-1125937

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify publishing related to the mental health of health professionals working in the front line of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: an integrative review that included primary articles indexed in the Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Science Direct databases and US National Library of Medicine databases. The result analysis was performed descriptively, in four analytical categories. Results: The publishing involved aspects related to insufficient personal protective equipment, feelings of fear and stigma, the need for psychological and psychiatric support and the possibility of post-outbreak mental disorders. Conclusion: All mentioned aspects have a direct impact on the mental health of professionals, demanding the creation of strategies that minimize the emotional burnout of workers, considering that each country and culture reacts differently to the disease.


RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar publicaciones relacionadas con la salud mental de los profesionales de la salud que trabajan frente a la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: una revisión integradora que incluyó artículos primarios indexados en las bases de datos de Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Science Direct e US National Library of Medicine. El análisis descriptivo de los resultados se realizó en cuatro categorías analíticas. Resultados: las publicaciones incluyeron aspectos relacionados con la falta de equipo de protección personal, sentimientos de miedo y estigma, la necesidad de apoyo psicológico y psiquiátrico y la posibilidad de trastornos mentales posteriores al brote. Conclusión: Todos estos aspectos tienen un impacto directo en la salud mental de los profesionales y exigen el desarrollo de estrategias que minimicen el agotamiento emocional de los trabajadores, teniendo en cuenta que cada país y cultura reacciona de manera diferente a la enfermedad.


RESUMO Objetivo: identificar as publicações relacionadas com a saúde mental dos profissionais de saúde atuantes diante da pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: revisão integrativa que incluiu artigos primários indexados nas bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Science Direct e US National Library of Medicine. A análise descritiva dos resultados foi realizada em quatro categorias analíticas. Resultados: As publicações envolveram aspectos relacionados com a insuficiência de equipamentos de proteção individual, sentimentos de medo e estigma, necessidade de apoio psicológico e psiquiátrico e a possibilidade de transtornos mentais pós-surto. Conclusão: Todos estes aspectos impactam diretamente na saúde mental dos profissionais e demandam o desenvolvimento de estratégias que minimizem o desgaste emocional dos trabalhadores, levando em conta que cada país e cultura reage de forma diferente em relação a doença.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumonia, Viral/psychology , Mental Health , Health Personnel/psychology , Coronavirus Infections/psychology , Betacoronavirus , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , Stereotyping , China , Cross-Sectional Studies , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Qualitative Research , Fear/psychology , Pandemics , Personal Protective Equipment/supply & distribution , Mental Disorders/etiology , Mental Disorders/psychology , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Occupational Diseases/psychology
12.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.);24(12): 4375-4384, dez. 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1055758

ABSTRACT

Abstract Fiscal austerity policies have been used as responses to economic crises and fiscal deficits in both developed and developing countries. While they vary in regard to their content, intensity and implementation, such models recommend reducing public expenses and social investments, retracting the public service and substituting the private sector in lieu of the State to provide certain services tied to social policies. The present article discusses the main effects of the recent economic crisis on public health based on an updated review with consideration for three dimensions: health risks, epidemiological profiles of different populations, and health policies. In Brazil, the combination of economic crisis and fiscal austerity policies is capable of producing a direr situation than those experienced in developed countries. The country is characterized by historically high levels of social inequality, an under-financed health sector, highly prevalent chronic degenerative diseases and persisting preventable infectious diseases. It is imperative to develop alternatives to mitigate the effects of the economic crisis taking into consideration not only the sustainability of public finance but also public well-being.


Resumo Políticas de austeridade fiscal têm sido utilizadas como respostas à crise econômica e deficit fiscal tanto em países desenvolvidos como em desenvolvimento. Embora variem quanto ao conteúdo, intensidade e cronograma de implementação, tais modelos preconizam a redução do gasto público, promovendo também a diminuição do investimento social, a retração da máquina pública e a substituição do Estado pelo setor privado na provisão de determinados serviços vinculados a políticas sociais. Este artigo debate os principais efeitos da crise econômica recente sobre a saúde da população, tendo sido baseado em uma revisão atualizada, considerando-se três dimensões: riscos à saúde, perfil epidemiológico das populações e políticas de saúde. A crise econômica no Brasil, combinada com a política de austeridade fiscal, pode produzir um contexto mais grave do que o vivenciado pelos países desenvolvidos. O país apresenta altos níveis históricos de desigualdade social, subfinanciamento do setor saúde, alta prevalência de doenças crônico-degenerativas e persistência de doenças infeciosas evitáveis. É imperativo que se construam alternativas para se mitigar os efeitos da crise econômica, levando-se em conta não apenas a sustentabilidade das finanças públicas, mas também o bem-estar da população.


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Care Rationing/economics , Public Health/economics , Resource Allocation/economics , Developing Countries/economics , Economic Recession , Health Policy/economics , Research Support as Topic/economics , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Poverty Areas , Developed Countries/economics , Chronic Disease/epidemiology , Communicable Diseases/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Mortality , Health Expenditures , Risk Assessment , Economics , Noncommunicable Diseases/epidemiology , Infections/epidemiology , Mental Disorders/etiology , Mental Disorders/psychology
14.
Rev. Pesqui. (Univ. Fed. Estado Rio J., Online) ; 11(4): 1096-1102, jul.-set. 2019.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1005467

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Compreender os riscos e os mecanismos de enfrentamento apresentados pelas puérperas diante dos transtornos mentais no pós-parto. Métodos: Pesquisa qualitativa, de caráter descritivo, realizada com 12 puérperas, na faixa etária de 16 a 35 anos, que fizeram o acompanhamento do pré-natal na unidade de Atendimento Multiprofissional Especializado em Petrolina/PE, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e observação dos conteúdos implícitos no comportamento das puérperas. A coleta dos dados ocorreu em novembro e dezembro de 2016. Resultados: Identificou-se que fatores como gravidez precoce ou não planejada, carência de apoio do companheiro, instabilidade familiar e baixas condições socioeconômicas podem contribuir como agentes facilitadores no surgimento de algum transtorno mental na puérpera. Conclusão: Considerando que os transtornos mentais são comuns no puerpério, quanto mais precocemente detectar os fatores de risco, melhor assistência poderá ser oferecida à puérpera


Objective: To understand the risks and coping mechanisms presented by puerperal women in the face of postpartum mental disorders. Methods: A descriptive qualitative study was carried out with twelve puerperae, in the age group of 16 to 35 years old who underwent prenatal follow-up at the Multiprofessional Specialized Care Unit in Petrolina-PE, through a semi-structured interview and observation of the contents implicit in the behavior of puerperal women. Data collection took place in November and December 2016. Results: It was identified that factors such as early or unplanned pregnancy, lack of support from the partner, family instability and low socioeconomic conditions can contribute as facilitating agents in the emergence of some mental disorder in the puerpera. Conclusion: Considering that chronic disorders are common in the puerperium, the earlier the risk factors are detected, the better care can be given to the woman


Objetivo: Comprender los riesgos y mecanismos de enfrentamiento presentados por las puérperas ante los trastornos mentales en el posparto. Métodos: Investigación cualitativa, de carácter descriptivo, realizada con doce puérperas, en el grupo de edad de 16 a 35 años que hicieron el seguimiento del prenatal en la unidad de Atención Multiprofesional Especializado en Petrolina-PE, por medio de entrevista semiestructurada y observación de los contenidos implícitos en el comportamiento de las puérperas. La recolección de los datos ocurrió en noviembre y diciembre de 2016. Resultados: Se identificó que factores como embarazo precoz o no planificado, carencia de apoyo del compañero, inestabilidad familiar y bajas condiciones socioeconómicas pueden aportar como agentes facilitadores en el surgimiento de algún trastorno mental en la puérpera. Conclusión: Considerando que los trastornos mentales son comunes en el puerperio, cuanto más precozmente detecte los factores de riesgo, mejor asistencia podrá ser ofrecida a la puérpera


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Adolescent , Adult , Depression, Postpartum/prevention & control , Depression, Postpartum/psychology , Postpartum Period/psychology , Mental Disorders/classification , Mental Disorders/etiology
15.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.);24(5): 1925-1934, Mai. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1001808

ABSTRACT

Resumo Insegurança alimentar e nutricional está relacionada a problemas nutricionais e de saúde, entretanto poucos estudos a relacionam com saúde mental. O objetivo deste artigo é Investigar associação da insegurança alimentar familiar e risco de transtornos mentais comuns (TMC) em mães com filhos de um ano de idade. Estudo de coorte prospectivo com 194 mães e seus filhos desde o nascimento. Insegurança alimentar foi medida aos quatro meses pós-parto, com a Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar e risco de diagnóstico positivo de TMC nas mães ao final do primeiro ano da criança, com o Self Response Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Medidas socioeconômicas e de saúde foram utilizadas como controle. Das famílias, 59,3% apresentavam insegurança alimentar, tendo razão de risco para diagnóstico de TMC de 1,59 (IC 95%: 1,10 - 2,31), comparado com famílias em segurança alimentar. Após ajuste, modelo logístico múltiplo estimou OR = 2,20 (IC 95%: 1,16 - 4,20) para esta relação. Observou-se associação da insegurança alimentar familiar aos quatro meses pós-parto e risco de diagnóstico de TMC entre mães ao final do primeiro ano dos filhos. O enfrentamento da insegurança alimentar deve fazer parte das estratégias promotoras da saúde materna e da qualidade de vida materno-infantil.


Abstract Household food insecurity (HFI) is related to health and nutritional problems, however there are few extant studies that relate it to mental health. The scope of this article is to associate HFI with the risk of minor mental disorders (MMD) in mothers with one-year-old children. A prospective cohort was conducted with 194 mothers and their babies from birth onwards. HFI was measured fourth months after birth using the Brazilian Household Food Insecurity scale and MMD risk amongst mothers was measured by the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) when their baby was one year old. Socio-economic and health status were used for control. HFI was present in 59.3% of the families. The MMD risk ratio was 1.59 (CI 95%: 1.10 - 2.31) in HFI families compared with secure families. This relationship remains significant in the multiple logistic model, OR= 2.20 (CI 95%: 1.16 - 4.20), after controlling by socio-economic and health variables. HFI is an independent risk factor to maternal risk of MMD. It should be important to include strategies to reduce HFI by promoting maternal mental health and improving child-mother quality of life.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Adult , Quality of Life , Food Supply/statistics & numerical data , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Mothers/psychology , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Health Status , Prospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors , Cohort Studies , Mental Disorders/etiology
16.
Braz. J. Psychiatry (São Paulo, 1999, Impr.) ; Braz. J. Psychiatry (São Paulo, 1999, Impr.);41(3): 193-193, May-June 2019.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011497
17.
J. forensic med ; Fa yi xue za zhi;(6): 695-700, 2019.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-985065

ABSTRACT

Objective To explore the applied value of mismatch negative (MMN) in evaluation of severity of mental disorders due to traumatic brain injury. Methods Thirty-five patients(case group) that conform to the diagnostic criteria of organic (traumatic brain injury) mental disorder in ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders criteria were selected. Twenty-four healthy subjects (normal control group) that matched the case group in terms of gender, age composition ratio and educational level were selected. All subjects were evaluated by Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADL) and Social Disability Screening Schedule (SDSS) and then examined by Event-Related Potential (ERP). A statistical analysis of the data was made by SPSS 22.0 software. Results The 32 patients and 24 normal control subjects completed the study. The scores of ADL and SDSS were significantly higher in the case group than in the normal control group (P<0.05). The latency of Fz, FCz, Cz and Pz in the case group was significantly longer than that in the normal control group (P<0.05). In the case group, the latency of Fz, FCz, Cz and Pz was positively correlated with the scores of ADL and SDSS (P<0.05). The equation can be well fitted with the scores of ADL and SDSS. The latency and amplitude of Fz, FCz, Cz and Pz were used as concomitant variables and whether or not the subjects had mental disorders due to traumatic brain injury as dependent variables. Conclusion The latency of MMN can be used as an indicator in potential evaluation of the severity of mental disorders due to traumatic brain injury, which means that the longer the latency of MMN is, the more severe mental disorders due to traumatic brain injury may be. The combined application of ADL, SDSS and MMN can be an objective indicator in preliminary judgment of mental disorders due to traumatic brain injury.


Subject(s)
Humans , Activities of Daily Living , Brain Injuries, Traumatic/complications , Disabled Persons , Evoked Potentials , Mental Disorders/etiology , Software , Trauma Severity Indices
18.
Cad. Saúde Pública (Online) ; 35(5): e00093718, 2019. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1001665

ABSTRACT

Resumo: O objetivo foi avaliar o efeito da exposição e do tempo de exposição ao aleitamento materno na ocorrência de transtornos mentais comuns (TMC) entre adolescentes escolares brasileiros. Este trabalho analisou dados do Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes (ERICA), avaliando aqueles que tiveram o questionário referente ao aleitamento materno respondido pelos pais ou responsáveis. A presença de TMC foi identificada pelo General Health Questionnaire, versão 12 itens (GHQ-12), considerando-se dois pontos de corte (escores ≥ 3 e ≥ 5). As associações foram testadas em análises bivariadas e por meio de modelos de regressão logística múltipla, com ajustes por variáveis potenciais de confusão. Dentre os 41.723 adolescentes avaliados, a maioria foi composta por estudantes do sexo feminino (54,6%), que tinham idades entre 12 e 15 anos (71%), estudavam em escolas públicas (83,1%), residiam na Região Sudeste (51,9%) e eram das classes econômicas B (53,8%) e C (34,1%). Cerca de metade das mães dos adolescentes não tinha o ensino médio completo (51,7%). O grupo de adolescentes com mais de seis meses de aleitamento materno (51,8%) apresentou uma menor prevalência de TMC para os dois pontos de corte do GHQ-12 avaliados, quando comparado com o grupo que não recebeu aleitamento materno ou que o recebeu por período ≤ 1 mês (RI = 0,82; IC95%:0,69-0,97 e RI = 0,74; IC95%: 0,59-0,91 para 3 e 5 pontos, respectivamente). O aleitamento materno prolongado parece desempenhar um papel protetor para a ocorrência de TMC na adolescência.


Abstract: This article sought to evaluate the effect of exposure, and exposure time, to breastfeeding on the occurrence of common mental disorders (CMD) among Brazilian adolescents enrolled in school. This study analyzed data from the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA), evaluating those whose questionnaire regarding breastfeeding had been filled out by parents or guardians. The presence of CMD was identified using the General Health Questionnaire, version 12 items (GHQ-12), and we considered two cutoff points (scores ≥ 3 and ≥ 5). We tested the associations in bivariate analyses and through multiple logistical regression models, adjusting for potential confounding variables. Of the 41,723 adolescents we evaluated, most were students of the female sex (54.6%), aged between 12 and 15 years (71%), attended public schools (83.1%), resided in the Southeastern region (51.9%) and belonged to the economic classes B (53.8%) and C (34.1%). Around half of the adolescents' mothers had not completed their secondary education (51.7%). The group of adolescents who were breastfed for more than six months (51.8%) had a lower CMD prevalence for both GHQ-12 cutoff points, when compared with the group who were not breastfed or who were breastfed for ≤ 1 month (IR = 0.82; 95%CI: 0.69-0.97 and IR = 0.74; 95%CI: 0.59-0.91 for 3 and 5 points, respectively). Prolonged breastfeeding seems to play a protective role on the occurrence of CMD in adolescence.


Resumen: El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto de la exposición y del tiempo de exposición a la lactancia materna en la ocurrencia de trastornos mentales comunes (TMC) entre adolescentes escolares brasileñas. Este trabajo analizó datos del Estudio de Riesgos Cardiovasculares en Adolescentes (ERICA), evaluando aquellos, cuyo cuestionario -referente a la lactancia materna- había sido respondido por los padres o responsables legales. La presencia de TMC fue identificada por el General Health Questionnaire, versión 12 ítems (GHQ-12), considerándose dos puntos de corte (puntuaciones ≥ 3 y ≥ 5). Las asociaciones fueron probadas en análisis bivariados, y a través de modelos de regresión logística múltiple, con ajustes por variables potenciales de confusión. Entre los 41.723 adolescentes evaluados, la mayoría estuvo compuesta por estudiantes que eran del sexo femenino (54,6%), que tenían una edad entre 12 y 15 años (71%), estudiaban en escuelas públicas (83,1%), residían en la región Sudeste (51,9%) y eran de las clases económicas B (53,8%) y C (34,1%). Cerca de la mitad de las madres de los adolescentes no contaba con la enseñanza media completa (51,7%). El grupo de adolescentes con más de seis meses de lactancia materna (51,8%) presentó una menor prevalencia de TMC para los dos puntos de corte del GHQ-12 evaluados, cuando se comparan con el grupo que no recibió lactancia materna o que la recibió durante un período ≤ 1 mes (RI = 0,82; IC95%: 0,69-0,97 y RI = 0,74 y IC95%: 0,59-0,91 para 3 y 5 puntos, respectivamente). La lactancia materna prolongada parece desempeñar un papel protector para la ocurrencia de TMC en la adolescencia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Breast Feeding/statistics & numerical data , Mental Disorders/prevention & control , Anxiety Disorders/etiology , Anxiety Disorders/prevention & control , Socioeconomic Factors , Time Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Prevalence , Surveys and Questionnaires , Adolescent Health , Depressive Disorder/etiology , Depressive Disorder/prevention & control , Mental Disorders/etiology , Mental Disorders/epidemiology
19.
Dement. neuropsychol ; 12(4): 402-407, Oct.-Dec. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-984337

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT - Objective: Population aging is a global phenomenon associated with a rising prevalence of chronic degenerative diseases such as dementia. Dementia poses a challenge not only for patients but also their family caregivers who, in exercising this role, are at higher risk of mental illness. The present study investigated the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD) in family caregivers of demented elderly seen at a geriatric outpatient clinic of a Brazilian teaching hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which the following assessment instruments were applied: the Self Reporting Questionnaire, Zarit Burden Interview, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Mini-Mental State Examination (caregivers aged ≥65 years) plus a sociodemographic questionnaire. Results: The sample comprised 90 caregivers; 83 (92.2%) women, 51 (56.7%) married, 60 (66.7%) son/daughter of elder and 62 (68.6%) holding another job besides caring for the demented elder. Caregivers had a mean age of 57.3 (±11.7) years and mean education of 9.5 (±4.9) years; 62.2% of caregivers were diagnosed with common mental disorder, 50% exhibited anxiety symptoms, 52.2% depression symptoms and 66.7% reported burden. Caregivers with common mental disorder had higher scores on the anxiety, depression and burden scales (p<0.01). Logistic regression showed that caregivers with anxiety symptoms were 15 times more likely to present common mental disorder (OR: 15.0; 95% CI: 3.5-71.2) and caregivers with symptoms of depression were 8 times more likely to have CMD (OR: 8.0; 95% CI: 2.1-31.1). Conclusion: Results revealed a high prevalence of common mental disorder in the population studied.


RESUMO - Objetivo: O envelhecimento populacional é um fenômeno mundial que está associado ao aumento da prevalência de doenças crônico-degenerativas, como as demências. Demências desafiam não somente os pacientes, mas também seus familiares cuidadores que, como consequência, estão em maior risco de adoecimento mental. O estudo verificou a prevalência de transtorno mental comum em familiares cuidadores de idosos com demência acompanhados em ambulatórios de geriatria de um hospital-escola brasileiro. Métodos: Neste estudo transversal, os instrumentos de avaliação utilizados foram: Self Reporting Questionnaire, Zarit Burden Interview, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale e Mini-Exame do Estado Mental (cuidadores com 65 anos ou mais) e questionário sócio demográfico. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 90 cuidadores; 83 (92,2%) era do sexo feminino, 51 (56,7%) casados, 60 (66,7%) filhos(as) do idoso e 62 (68,6%) possuíam alguma ocupação além de cuidar do idoso dementado. A média de idade foi 57,3 (±11,7) anos e a média de escolaridade foi de 9,5 (±4,9) anos; 62,2% dos cuidadores apresentaram transtorno mental comum, 50% apresentaram sintomas de ansiedade, 52,2% apresentaram sintomas de depressão e 66,7% apresentaram sobrecarga. Cuidadores com transtorno mental comum apresentaram escores maiores nos instrumentos de ansiedade, depressão e sobrecarga (p<0,01). Regressão logística mostrou que cuidadores com sintomas de ansiedade tiveram 15 vezes mais chances de apresentar TMC (OR: 15,0; IC95%: 3,5-71,2) e cuidadores com sintomas de depressão tiveram 8 vezes mais chances de apresentar TMC (OR: 8,0; IC95%: 2,1-31,1). Conclusão: Resultados encontrados demonstram que, na população estudada, existe alta prevalência de transtorno mental comum.


Subject(s)
Humans , Caregivers/psychology , Mental Disorders/etiology , Aging , Risk Factors
20.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 89(2): 166-172, abr. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-900083

ABSTRACT

El divorcio o separación de una pareja con hijos pone fin a la convivencia de ambos padres en con junto con sus hijos. Puede haber múltiples causas para un divorcio y tanto la literatura como la ex periencia de los autores trabajando con familias en esta situación, dan cuenta de algunas consecuen cias a corto y largo plazo para los niños, especialmente en aquellos casos en que el divorcio ha sido conflictivo. En estos casos, se ha observado mayor riesgo de presentar trastornos de conducta, bajo rendimiento escolar y abuso de sustancias. Por otra parte puede tener consecuencias en la vida adulta, presentando mayor riesgo de patologías psiquiátricas o dificultades en las relaciones interpersonales si no se realiza una intervención que aborde algunas situaciones potencialmente traumáticas para los niños. Los pediatras se encuentran en una relación privilegiada con respecto a los niños y sus familias para detectar signos de discordia parental y alteración de la salud mental infantil. Las conductas que se manifiesten en los niños a consecuencia del divorcio y el conflicto parental van a depender de la edad y etapa de desarrollo del niño, siendo importante reconocerlas para poder intervenir de forma adecuada. El presente artículo propone directrices para guiar a los padres, ya que con un adecuado manejo de las situaciones de conflicto que ocurren alrededor del divorcio es posible prevenir algunas de las consecuencias que éste puede tener en los hijos.


When divorce or separation of a couple occurs, children will no longer live with both parents at the same time. There may be multiple causes for divorce, and both literature and our own experien ce as child mental health providers, report some short- and long-term consequences for children, especially where the divorce has been conflictive. In these cases, increased risk of developing be havioral disorders, poor school performance, and substance abuse has been documented as well as consequences in adult life with higher risk of psychiatric pathologies or difficulties in interpersonal relationships, if an intervention that addresses some potentially traumatic situations for children is not done. Pediatricians are in a privileged relationship with children and their families in order to detect signs of parental discord and altered mental health in children. Children behaviors as a result of divorce and parental conflict will depend on the age of the child and stage of development, and it is important to recognize them in order to intervene properly. This article proposes some guidelines for parents. Good management of high conflict situations related to divorce may prevent some of the consequences that these can have on children.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Pediatrics , Physician's Role , Professional-Family Relations , Divorce/psychology , Child Behavior , Family Conflict/psychology , Mental Disorders/prevention & control , Parents/psychology , Psychology, Child , Mental Disorders/diagnosis , Mental Disorders/etiology
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