ABSTRACT
Con la finalidad de determinar la mejor solución de vitrificación (SV), usando Etilenglicol (EG), Glicerol (G) y Sucrosa (SUC), se evaluó la apariencia morfológica post vitrificación de embriones murinos (Mus musculus). Ocho mezclas diferentes de crioprotectores fueron evaluadas, con las siguientes concentraciones: SV1: 0% de crioprotectores; SV2: 50% EG; SV3: 50% G; SV4: 50% SUC; SV5: 25% EG + 25% G; SV6: 50% EG + 0,3M SUC; SV7: 50% G + 0.3M SUC y SV8: 25% EG + 25% G + 0,3M SUC. El mayor número de embriones (94,7%) con apariencia morfológica normal, fueron los equilibrados con SV5. No hubo diferencia significativa entre la SV8 (88,9%) y la SV5. Mientras que los embriones criopreservados con las soluciones restantes, presentaron viabilidad morfológica más baja (p<0,05). Estos resultados sugieren que la SV5 provee mejor tolerancia al proceso de vitrificación, observándose en los embriones la más alta viabilidad y la más baja frecuencia de anormalidades morfológicas. Estos hallazgos contribuyen de manera importante, en la selección de los crioprotectores para la vitrificación.
In order to determine the best vitrification solution (VS), using ethylene glycol (EG), glycerol (G) and sucrose (SUC), the post vitrification morphology in murine embryos (Mus musculus) was evaluated. Eight different mixtures of these chemicals, with the following concentrations: VS1: 0%; VS2: 50% EG; VS3: 50% G; VS4: 50% SUC; VS5: 25% EG + 25% G; VS6: 50% EG + 0.3M SUC; VS7: 50% G + 0.3M SUC and SV8: 25% EG + 25% G + 0.3M SUC, were used. VS5 was the solution with the highest percentage (94,7%) of embryos with normal morphology. There were no significant differences between the VS8 (88.9%) and VS5. However, embryos cryopreserved with the other solutions had a lower morphological viability (p<0.05). These results suggest that VS5 provides embryos with better tolerance to the vitrification process, because a higher viability and lower frequency of morphological abnormalities were present. These findings provide details of great importance to the selection of cryoprotectants for vitrification.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Mice , Rodentia/growth & development , Cryoprotective Agents/chemistry , Embryonic Structures/abnormalities , Embryonic Structures/metabolism , Public Health , Muridae/classificationABSTRACT
A simplified, fast, and innovative method was developed to count the total cell number in blastocysts. Murine blastocysts (N = 195) were used in this study. They were obtained after 10h culture of initial blastocysts, compact morulae grades I and II recovered from superovulated mouse. After culture, the blastococysts were selected to test the new proposal of counting. The process was done after embryo fixation in a sodium citrate solution, and adherence in glass slide. Following, the coloration was done using a fast panoptic coloration kit. As a result, it was possible to identify the blastomeres and count them in each blastocyst. This method provided a fast and effective analysis of the total cell number when compared with other techniques. Moreover, this new method shows advantages related to the cell visualization, which can be done in more simple equipment like stereoscopic microscope. Other interesting observed point was the long period of time and quality that the coloration stays on slides, considering other techniques.
Subject(s)
Animals , Muridae/classification , Sheep/classification , Cell Count , Fetal Development/geneticsABSTRACT
Penicillium marneffei (PM), the only dimorphic species of the genus penicillium is the etiological agent of penicilliosis marneffei. This opportunistic fungal infection occurs among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected and other immunocompromised patient in several regions of South-east Asia, where the infection is considered as an indicator disease of AIDS. A case of penicilliosis marneffei is reported in a patient whose HIV status was unknown and later turned to be in the late stage of AIDS. This demonstrates that it is indeed an indicator disease of AIDS. In India, penicilliosis has been reported among the inhabitants of Manipur state where the prevalence of HIV infection / AIDS is very high. The causative agent was first isolated from a captive bamboo rat. Investigation of the prevalence of the organism among bamboo rats of different countries of South East Asia revealed four species of bamboo rats to be harboring the organism. These four species of bamboo rats are Rhizomys sinensis, R. pruinosus, R. sumatrensis and Cannomys badius. In Manipur, Penicillium marneffei has been isolated from Cannomys badius. Any patient presenting with penicilliosis marneffei should be subjected to HIV counselling and testing if the HIV status is not known and further study regarding the ecology and epidemiology of the fungus is needed.
Subject(s)
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/complications , Adult , Animals , Disease Reservoirs/microbiology , HIV Infections/complications , HIV-1 , Humans , Lymph Nodes/microbiology , Male , Muridae/classification , Mycoses/complications , Penicillium/classification , Rodent Diseases/microbiologyABSTRACT
Es revisada la biología básica de los roedores potencialmente reservorios de hantavirus en Chile. La taxonomía y sistemática de cinco especies de roedores Muridae endémicos, el orizomino Oligoryzomys longicaudatus (reservorio primario), los akodontinos, Abrothrix longipilis y Abrothrix olivaceus, y los filotinos Loxodontomys micropus y Phyllotis darwini, son puestas al día con recientes modificaciones, así como sus caracteres externos, distribución geográfica, hábitat, etología, alimentación, ecología y reproducción. Especial atención se da a las relaciones filogenéticas entre especies de roedores sus grupos, así como con aquellas correspondientes a sus hantavirus huéspedes. Una asociación entre la evolución de ambos grupos parece emerger, sugiriendo co-evolución entre las especies de roedores virus. Esta importante hipótesis debería ser puesta a prueba. Son discutidas otras relaciones entre especies de roedores y sus huéspedes virales