Functional exercise evaluation on athletes' cervicalgia management / Avaliação do exercício funcional no tratamento de cervicalgia em esportistas / Evaluación del ejercicio funcional en el tratamiento de la cervicalgia en deportistas

ABSTRACT Introduction Cervicalgia generally refers to the pain syndrome caused by the cervical spine, joints, muscles, ligaments, fascia, soft tissues around the shoulder joint, and visceral diseases. Evidence suggests that resistance exercises are beneficial in solving this dysfunction in various groups, but there is no consensus in athletes. Objective This paper examines functional exercises' effect on athletes' cervicalgia. Methods Using mathematical statistics, the article randomizes equally the intensity of cervicalgia in the control and experimental groups, involving 60 individuals aged 18 to 20 years (31 males). While the control group received conventional rehabilitation treatment, the experimental group had a functional exercise training protocol three times a week, of 10 weeks. The pain was assessed by visual analog scale and self-assessment of functional limitation. Results Differences in shoulder and neck pain were found between the two groups of volunteers before and after the training rehabilitation. A complete improvement was seen in 15 subjects in the experimental group versus 8 in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Functional exercise effectively treats cervicalgia in athletes. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the result.

RESUMO Introdução A cervicalgia geralmente refere-se à síndrome de dor causada pela coluna cervical, articulações, músculos, ligamentos, fáscia, tecidos moles ao redor da articulação do ombro e doenças viscerais. Há evidências de que exercícios de resistência são benéficos para a resolução dessa disfunção em vários grupos, mas não há consenso da eficácia dos exercícios de resistência no combate à cervicalgia em esportistas. Objetivo Este artigo analisa o efeito dos exercícios funcionais na cervicalgia em esportistas. Métodos O artigo usa estatísticas matemáticas para controle randomizado equalitário na intensidade da cervicalgia nos grupos controle e experimental, envolvendo 60 indivíduos com idade entre 18 a 20 anos (31 homens). Enquanto o grupo controle passa por um tratamento de reabilitação convencional, o grupo experimental passa por um protocolo de treinamento em exercícios funcionais, na frequência de 3 vezes semanais por 2 meses e meio. A dor foi avaliada pela escala visual analógica e auto-avaliação de limitação funcional. Resultados Houve diferenças nas dores no ombro e pescoço entre os dois grupos de voluntários, antes e depois do treinamento de reabilitação. Houve melhora completa do quadro em 15 indivíduos no grupo experimental contra 8 no grupo controle (P<0,05). Conclusão O exercício funcional trata efetivamente cervicalgia nos esportistas. Nível de evidência II; Estudos Terapêuticos - Investigação de Resultados.

RESUMEN Introducción La cervicalgia se refiere generalmente al síndrome de dolor causado por la columna cervical, las articulaciones, los músculos, los ligamentos, la fascia, los tejidos blandos alrededor de la articulación del hombro y los trastornos viscerales. Existen pruebas de que los ejercicios de resistencia son beneficiosos para la resolución de esta disfunción en varios grupos, pero no hay consenso sobre la eficacia de los ejercicios de resistencia para combatir la cervicalgia en los deportistas. Objetivo Este artículo analiza el efecto de los ejercicios funcionales sobre la cervicalgia en los deportistas. Métodos El artículo utiliza estadísticas matemáticas para el control aleatorio de la intensidad del dolor de cuello en los grupos de control y experimental, en el que participaron 60 individuos de entre 18 y 20 años (31 hombres). Mientras que el grupo de control se somete a un tratamiento de rehabilitación convencional, el grupo experimental se somete a un protocolo de entrenamiento de ejercicios funcionales, con una frecuencia de 3 veces por semana durante 2 meses y medio. El dolor se evaluó mediante una escala analógica visual y la autoevaluación de la limitación funcional. Resultados Hubo diferencias en el dolor de hombro y cuello entre los dos grupos de voluntarios antes y después del entrenamiento de rehabilitación. Hubo una mejora completa en 15 individuos del grupo experimental frente a 8 del grupo de control (P<0,05). Conclusión El ejercicio funcional trata eficazmente la cervicalgia en los deportistas. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - Investigación de resultados.

Aplicación de la técnica manual craneosacral en mujeres que laboran en la Educación Superior / Application of the craniosacral manual technique in women working in Higher Education / Aplicação da técnica manual craniossacral em mulheres que trabalham no Ensino Superior

En la actualidad la mayoría de las personas por lo menos una vez en el año presenta una molestia en la estructura del cuello, considerado como cervicalgia o dolor cervical, el mismo que está ocasionando un impacto considerable en la vida de las personas dentro del ámbito familiar, laboral y en la comunidad, provocando efectos negativos en la calidad de vida y en casos severos puede llegar a ocasionar discapacidad y limitación funcional de los movimientos. Por lo que este estudio presentó como objetivo determinar la efectividad de la aplicación de la técnica manual craneosacral en mujeres que laboran en la Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil. La metodología que se utilizó fue un enfoque cuantitativo- descriptivo con un diseño experimental del tipo pre experimental, con un corte longitudinal, se utilizó como muestra a 31 mujeres que laboran en diversas áreas de la Universidad Católica Santiago de Guayaquil, a su vez, se utilizó como técnica la encuesta, y el instrumento aplicado para la valoración del dolor cervical fue la escala visual analógica del dolor (EVA). Los resultados de esta técnica respecto a la escala visual analógica (EVA) mediante una valoración inicial y final, reflejaron mejoría en el dolor cervical donde el 68% de las pacientes no presentaron dolor, y el 32% reflejan un dolor leve. Se concluyó, que por medio de la técnica manual craneosacral el dolor disminuyo en un gran porcentaje restableciendo los procesos naturales del equilibrio del cuerpo a través de la terapia manual.

Currently, most people at least once a year have a discomfort in the structure of the neck, considered cervicalgia or cervical pain, which is causing a considerable impact on the lives of people within the family, work and in the community, causing negative effects on the quality of life and in severe cases can lead to disability and functional limitation of movements. Therefore, this study presented the objective of determining the effectiveness of the application of the craniosacral manual technique in women who work at the Catholic University of Santiago de Guayaquil. The methodology used was a quantitative-descriptive approach with an experimental design of the pre-experimental type, with a longitudinal cut, 31 women who work in various areas of the Santiago de Guayaquil Catholic University were used as a sample, in turn, used the survey as a technique, and the instrument applied for the assessment of neck pain was the visual analogue pain scale (VAS). The results of this technique with respect to the visual analog scale (VAS) through an initial and final evaluation, reflected improvement in cervical pain where 68% of the patients did not present pain, and 32% reflected mild pain. It was concluded that through the craniosacral manual technique, the pain decreased by a large percentage, restoring the natural processes of the body's balance through manual therapy.

Atualmente, a maioria das pessoas pelo menos uma vez ao ano apresenta um desconforto na estrutura do pescoço, considerado cervicalgia ou dor cervical, que está causando um impacto considerável na vida das pessoas dentro da família, no trabalho e na comunidade, causando efeitos negativos na qualidade de vida e em casos graves pode levar à incapacidade e limitação funcional dos movimentos. Portanto, este estudo apresentou o objetivo de determinar a eficácia da aplicação da técnica manual craniossacral em mulheres que trabalham na Universidade Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil. A metodologia utilizada foi uma abordagem quantitativo-descritiva com um desenho experimental do tipo pré-experimental, com corte longitudinal, 31 mulheres que trabalham em várias áreas da Universidade Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil foram usadas como amostra, por sua vez, utilizaram a pesquisa como técnica, e o instrumento aplicado para avaliação da cervicalgia foi a escala visual analógica de dor (EVA). Os resultados desta técnica com relação à escala visual analógica (EVA) através de uma avaliação inicial e final, refletiram melhora da dor cervical onde 68% dos pacientes não apresentavam dor, e 32% refletiam dor leve. Concluiu-se que através da técnica manual craniossacral, a dor diminuiu em grande porcentagem, restabelecendo os processos naturais de equilíbrio do corpo através da terapia manual.

Are craniocervical flexion test and the pectoralis minor index useful tests for patients with subacromial pain syndrome? / Are craniocervical flexion test and the pectoralis minor index useful tests for patients with subacromial pain syndrome?

Cervical disorders and the shortening of the pectoralis minor are advocated to play an important role in patients with subacromial pain syndrome, despite the absence of evidence. This study aimed to compare the deep cervical flexor muscle function and the shortening of the pectoralis minor between patients with subacromial pain syndrome and controls. Secondarily, this study aimed to analyze the relationship of clinical tests with pain and disability among patients. This is a case-control study with 32 patients with subacromial pain syndrome [mean age: 33 ± 6.9 years; sex: 22 (65.6%) men; right dominance: 31 (96.9%)] and 32 controls matched for age, sex, handedness, and affected side. Participants filled the Numerical Pain Rating Scale, the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index; and performed the clinical tests which were compared between patients and controls. Pectoralis minor length of the patient's group (median = 9.0) was similar to the controls (median = 9.7) (U = 421.5; p = 0.22). The deep neck muscle function presented no statistical difference between patients and controls (χ2 = 4.319; p = 0.504). There was no statistically significant correlation between clinical tests and patient self-reported measures. Therefore, deep cervical flexor muscle and the pectoralis minor muscle were not impaired in patients with subacromial pain syndrome and did not show a relationship with self-reported measures.

Distúrbios cervicais e o encurtamento do músculo peitoral menor são apontados como tendo um papel importante em pacientes com síndrome da dor subacromial, apesar da ausência de evidências. Este estudo teve como objetivo comparar a função dos músculos flexores cervicais profundos e o encurtamento do músculo peitoral menor entre pacientes com síndrome da dor subacromial e controles. Secundariamente, este estudo objetivou analisar a relação dos testes clínicos com a dor e incapacidade entre os pacientes com síndrome da dor subacromial. Trata-se de um estudo caso-controle com 32 pacientes com síndrome da dor subacromial [idade: 33 ± 6,9 anos; sexo: 22 (65,6%) homens; dominância direita: 31 (96,9%)] e 32 controles pareados por idade, sexo, lateralidade e lado afetado. Os participantes preencheram a Numerical Pain Rating Scale, o Shoulder Pain and Disability Index, realizaram os testes clínicos e os resultados dos pacientes e controles foram comparados. O comprimento do músculo peitoral menor no grupo de pacientes (mediana = 9,0) foi semelhante ao grupo controle (mediana = 9,7) (U = 421,5; p = 0,22). A função do músculo flexor cervical profundo não apresentou diferença estatística entre pacientes e controles (χ2 = 4,319; p = 0,504). Não houve correlação estatisticamente significativa entre os testes clínicos e as medidas relatadas pelos pacientes. Portanto, o músculo flexor cervical profundo e o músculo peitoral menor não foram prejudicados em pacientes com síndrome da dor subacromial e não mostraram relação com medidas autorreferidas.

Um estudo randomizado controlado sobre a eficácia da diatermia de ondas longas na dor, incapacidade e amplitude de movimento em pacientes com dor cervical / A randomized controlled trial on the efficacy of longwave diathermy on pain, disability and range of motion in the patients with neck pain

INTRODUÇÃO: A cervicalgia é uma importante causa de incapacidade em todo o mundo, causada por várias condições como doenças de base, anormalidades mecânicas e neuropáticas. A Diatermia por Ondas Longas (LWD) é uma modalidade de aquecimento terapêutico usada para tratar muitas condições musculoesqueléticas. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a eficácia da LWD na dor, incapacidade e amplitude de movimento (ADM) na dor no pescoço. MÉTODOS E MATERIAIS: O estudo foi conduzido após aprovação ética da universidade e registro em registro de ensaio clínico (PTY/2022/155 e CTRI/2022/06/043033). 30 pacientes com cervicalgia de 20-60 anos foram alocados aleatoriamente em dois grupos. O grupo controle (n=15) realizou exercícios domiciliares simples, enquanto no grupo experimental (n=15) a diatermia de ondas longas também foi administrada juntamente com exercícios domiciliares, 3 vezes/semana por 2 semanas. As medidas de resultado, como a escala visual analógica (EVA), índice de incapacidade do pescoço (IIP) e amplitude de movimento do pescoço, foram avaliadas na linha de base, no final de 2 semanas (pós-tratamento) e após um acompanhamento de 2 semanas. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÃO: Houve melhora significativa da dor, incapacidade e ADM pós-intervenção no grupo controle e no grupo experimental. Além disso, houve diferença significativa na dor após o acompanhamento em ambos os grupos. A comparação entre os grupos sugeriu que houve uma diferença significativa para EVA, IIPe ADM de extensão do pescoço (p<0,05), mas não para ADM em outras direções. Portanto, pode-se concluir que a LWD é uma intervenção terapêutica eficaz para melhorar a dor, a incapacidade do pescoço e a amplitude de movimento do pescoço, juntamente com exercícios de pescoço em pacientes com dor no pescoço.

INTRODUCTION: Neck pain is a significant cause of disability worldwide, caused by various conditions like underlying diseases, mechanical and neuropathic abnormalities. Longwave Diathermy (LWD) is a therapeutic heating modality used to treat many musculoskeletal conditions. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of LWD on pain, disability, and range of motion (ROM) in neck pain. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The study was conducted after ethical approval from the university and registration in clinical trial registry (PTY/2022/155 & CTRI/2022/06/043033). Thirty patients with neck pain of 20-60 years were randomly allocated into two groups. The control group (n=15) performed simple home-based exercises, while in the experimental group (n=15) longwave diathermy was also given along with home exercises, 3 times/week for 2 weeks. The outcome measures like the Visual analogue scale (VAS), neck disability index (NDI), and Neck range of motion were assessed at baseline, at the end of 2 weeks (post-treatment), and after a followup of 2 weeks. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was a significant improvement in pain, disability, and ROM post-intervention in the control group and experimental group. Additionally, there was a significant difference in pain after follow-up in both groups. The between-group comparison suggested that there was a significant difference for VAS, NDI, and neck extension ROM (p<0.05) but not for ROM in other directions. Therefore, it can be concluded that LWD is an effective therapeutic intervention for improving pain, neck disability, and neck range of motion along with neck exercises in patients with neck pain.

Reliability of quantitative sensory testing on myofascial trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle of individuals with chronic neck pain

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to measure the intra- and inter-rater reliability of the quantitative sensory testing for measuring the thermal pain threshold on myofascial trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle of individuals with chronic neck pain. METHODS: Thirty female participants were included, aged between 18 and 45 years and with bilateral myofascial trigger points, active and centrally located in the upper trapezius muscle. Two measurements with quantitative sensory testing were performed by each examiner at an interval of 1 week between them. RESULTS: We observed substantial reliability for the intra-rater analysis (intraclass correlation coefficient ranging between 0.876 and 0.896) and excellent reliability for the inter-rater analysis (intraclass correlation coefficient ranging between 0.917 and 0.954). CONCLUSION: The measurement of the thermal pain threshold on myofascial trigger points in individuals with chronic neck pain has acceptable reliability values, supporting the use of the quantitative sensory testing in the research setting and the clinical environment.

Dores musculares cervicais em pacientes com DTM e suas correlações / Cervical muscle pain in patients with TMD and its correlations

Introdução: As disfunções temporomandibulares apresentam uma variedade de sinais e sintomas que afetam a articulação temporomandibular, músculos da mastigação e estruturas relacionadas e muitos pacientes apresentam queixas cervicais. Objetivo: Verificar a correlação de dor à palpação dos músculos da mastigação (masseter, temporal anterior, pterigoideos lateral e medial) e digástrico, com a queixa de dor no pescoço; verificar a correlação de dor à palpação nos músculos da mastigação e digástrico, com dor à palpação no esternocleidomastoideo e trapézio, e se a força de correlação é diferente entre eles. Material e método: Foram avaliados 232 prontuários da clínica odontológica das Disfunções Temporomandibulares da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, do período de 2011 a 2013. Os dados coletados foram submetidos à análise estatística, com alfa (α) = 0.01 para todos os casos, exceto digástrico quando associado ao trapézio (α) = 0.05. Resultado: A maioria dos pacientes era do sexo feminino. Houve correlação positiva entre dor à palpação nos músculos temporal, masseter, pterigoideo lateral, esternocleidomastoideo e trapézio, e queixa de dor no pescoço. Também houve correlação positiva entre a dor em todos os músculos da mastigação (masseter, temporal, pterigoideo lateral e medial) e digástrico e a dor no esternocleidomastoideo. Bem como a correlação de presença de dor nos músculos masseter, temporal, pterigoideo lateral e digástrico com dor no trapézio. A correlação de dor foi mais forte para o músculo esternocleidomastoideo, exceto para o pterigoideo lateral. Conclusão: Existe correlação positiva entre a queixa de dor à palpação nos músculos da mastigação, exceto pterigiodeo medial, e os músculos cervicais (esternocleidomastoideo e trapézio). A força de correlação entre a dor do masseter e temporal anterior com o esternocleidomastoideo é mais forte do que com o trapézio.

Introduction: Temporomandibular disorders present a variety of signs and symptoms that affect the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles and related structures, and many patients have cervical complaints. Objective: To verify the correlation of pain on palpation of the mastication muscles (masseter, anterior temporal, lateral and medial pterygoid), and digastric muscles with the complaint of neck pain; to verify the correlation of pain on palpation in the masticatory and digastric muscles with pain on palpation in the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius and if the correlation strength is different between them. Material and method: From 2011 to 2013, 232 medical records from the dental clinic of Temporomandibular Disorders of the Faculty of Dentistry of Araçatuba were evaluated. The data collected were submitted to statistical analysis, with alpha (α) = 0.01 for all cases, except digastric when associated with the trapezoid (α) = 0.05. Result Most patients were female. There was a positive correlation between pain on palpation in the temporal, masseter, lateral pterygoid, sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles, and complaints of neck pain. There was also a positive correlation between pain in all muscles of mastication (masseter, temporal, lateral and medial pterygoid), and digastric and sternocleidomastoid pain. As well as the correlation of the presence of pain in the masseter, temporal, lateral pterygoid and digastric muscles with pain in the trapezius. Pain correlation was strongest for the sternocleidomastoid muscle, except for the lateral pterygoid. Conclusion There is a positive correlation between the complaint of pain on palpation in the masticatory muscles, except Medial pterygoid, with the cervical muscles (sternocleidomastoid and trapezius). The strength of correlation between masseter and anterior temporal pain with the sternocleidomastoid is stronger than with the trapezius.

Manifestações oftalmológicas em paciente com aneurisma gigante de carótida interna / Ophthalmological manifestation in patient with gigantic aneurysm of the internal carotid

RESUMO Os aneurismas intracranianos são dilatações em segmentos arteriais que irrigam o sistema nervoso central. Acometem 2% da população e as alterações oftalmológicas podem ser as primeiras manifestações do quadro. O objetivo deste relato foi descrever um caso de aneurisma de artéria carótida interna que cursou com restrição da movimentação ocular, alteração do reflexo fotomotor, ptose palpebral, dor facial e cervical. O diagnóstico foi confirmado pela identificação do aneurisma por meio do exame de angiografia cerebral. Foi realizado teste de oclusão por balão, cujo resultado positivo possibilitou a oclusão total da artéria carótida interna por meio de ligadura cirúrgica, procedimento este realizado com sucesso.

ABSTRACT Intracranial aneurysms are dilations in segments of the arteries that irrigate the central nervous system. They affect 2% of the population and the ophthalmologic disorders may be the first evidence in the clinical examination. The aim of the report is to describe a case of an internal carotid artery aneurysm that showed restrictions of ocular movements, change of pupillary light reflex, palpebral ptosis, facial, and cervical pain. This diagnosis was confirmed by the identification of the aneurysm through angiography. A balloon occlusion test was performed, and its positive result made a complete occlusion of the Internal Carotid Artery possible through surgery ligation, procedure that was successful.

Effectiveness of an educative ergonomic plan in reducing musculo-skeletal disorders among dental practitioners / Efetividade de um plano ergonômico educativo na redução de distúrbios osteormusculares entre dentistas

Objective: Work related musculo skeletal disorders (WMSD) are very common among dental practitioners who use precise hand-wrist motions and prolonged static postures. The aim of this study was to develop an educative ergonomic plan and test its effectiveness in reducing symptoms of musculo-skeletal disorders among dental practitioners. Material and Methods: This study was conducted on a random sample of 50 dental practitioners of both genders (25 male, 25 female) practising for more than 4 years in urban Bengaluru, India and showing symptoms of neck pain, back pain or wrist pain. In the first round of the questionnaire data was collected from all 50 dentists. Next an educative ergonomic plan was developed which included simple exercises and recommendations in the form of do's and don'ts. The study population were asked to follow the guidelines given and perform the exercises given in the poster daily for a period of 3 months. Then, the questions were again asked. The differences in responses during the first stage and second stage were analyzed. Results: The use of the ergonomic plan led to a statistically significant improvement in certain ergonomic practises such as practise of changing their positions during clinical practice, keeping shoulders and arm at correct level while working and keeping instruments within hand reach. There was a statistically significant reduction in pain levels after the use of the ergonomic plan. Conclusion: The ergonomic plan in the form of recommendations and exercises were an effective tool in improving ergonomic practises and reducing the symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders among dental practitioners. (AU)

Objetivo: Distúrbios osteomusculares relacionados ao trabalho (DORT) são muito comuns entre os dentistas que usam movimentos precisos de mão e punho e posturas estáticas prolongadas. O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver um plano ergonômico educativo e testar sua eficácia na redução de sintomas de distúrbios osteomusculares em dentistas. Material e Métodos: Este estudo foi realizado em uma amostra aleatória de 50 dentistas de ambos os sexos (25 homens, 25 mulheres) trabalhando há mais de 4 anos na área urbana de Bengaluru, Índia e apresentando sintomas de dor no pescoço, dor nas costas ou dor no punho. Na primeira etapa do questionário foram coletados dados de todos os 50 dentistas. Em seguida, foi desenvolvido um plano ergonômico educativo que incluía exercícios simples e recomendações na forma de fazer e não fazer. Os participantes foram solicitados a seguir as orientações dadas e realizar os exercícios indicados no pôster diariamente por um período de 3 meses. Em seguida, as perguntas foram feitas novamente. Foram analisadas as diferenças nas respostas durante a primeira etapa e a segunda etapa. Resultados: A utilização do plano ergonômico levou a uma melhora estatisticamente significativa em algumas práticas ergonômicas, como a prática de mudar de posição durante o atendimento clínico, manter ombros e braços no nível correto durante o trabalho e manter os instrumentos ao alcance das mãos. Houve redução estatisticamente significativa dos níveis de dor após a utilização do plano ergonômico. Conclusão: O plano ergonômico na forma de recomendações e exercícios foi uma ferramenta eficaz na melhoria das práticas ergonômicas e na redução dos sintomas de distúrbios osteomusculares entre os cirurgiões-dentistas. (AU)

Correlation analysis of cervical spine dysfunction, pain and muscle strength in office workers / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To expore the correlation between neck disability, neck pain and muscle strength in cervical pondylosis of office worker, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of cervical spondylosis. Methods: In April 2021 ,234 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy treated in the Subsidiary Rehabilitation Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from April 2015 to April 2017 were selected, the correlation between Neck Disability Index (NDI) score, neck pain and muscle strength was analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation method. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the difference of maximum muscle strength of isometric contraction. Results: NDI score was negatively correlated with neck flexion, extension, and muscle strength in the left and right flexion directions (r(s)=-0.164, -0.169, -0.222, -0.176, P=0.012, 0.010, 0.001 , 0.007). In mild and moderate functional disorder patients, the muscle strength in flexion, extension and left and right flexion direction was greater, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion: There is a negative correlation between cervical functional disorder and cervical muscle strength in office workers, suggesting that strengthening cervical muscle strength may be a way to improve cervical spine function.

Síntomas osteomusculares en galponeros de granjas avícolas asociados a condiciones del trabajo / Osteomuscular symptoms in poultry farm workers associated with working conditions

INTRODUCCIÓN. Según datos de la Organización Mundial de Salud los trastornos musculoesqueléticos son la principal causa de discapacidad en el mundo; retrasar su diagnóstico provocaría una discapacidad prevenible. OBJETIVO. Determinar la prevalencia de síntomas osteomusculares en galponeros de granjas avícolas asociados a condiciones del trabajo. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS. Estudio descriptivo transversal. Muestra aleatoria estratificada de 223 trabajadores, divididos en 106 galponeros y 117 personal administrativo de granjas avícolas de la provincia de Manabí. Criterios de inclusión: trabajadores mayores de 18 años de edad con al menos un año en la misma actividad. Para el análisis de datos, se utilizó Epi Info versión 7. RESULTADOS. La prevalencia de síntomas osteomusculares en los últimos 12 meses fue mayor en los galponeros en: hombro 81,69% y columna lumbar 56,96%. Mediante un análisis a través de regresión logística se determinó que los galponeros que trabajan por más de 10 años y que realizan movimientos repetitivos en menos de un minuto, tienen mayor riesgo de presentar dolor en el hombro (IC del 95% 1,26 ­ 4,98) e (IC del 95% 1,65 ­ 5,29). CONCLUSIÓN. Se registró la prevalencia de síntomas osteomusculares en galponeros de granjas avícolas asociados a condiciones del trabajo. RECOMENDACIÓN. Es necesario contar con sistemas de vigilancia a fin de proponer estrategias públicas en la industria avícola del Ecuador

INTRODUCTION. According to data from the World Health Organization musculoskeletal disorders are the leading cause of disability in the world; delaying their diagnosis would result in preventable disability. OBJECTIVE. To determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in poultry farm workers associated with working conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Cross-sectional descriptive study. Stratified random sample of 223 workers, divided into 106 poultry sheds workers and 117 administrative personnel of poultry farms in the province of Manabí. Inclusion criteria: Workers over 18 years of age with at least 1 year in the same activity. Fort he data analysis, Epi Info version 7 was used. RESULTS. The prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in the last 12 months was higher in sheds workers in: shoulder 81,69% and lumbar spine 56,96%. Using logistic regression analysis, it was determined that the sheds workers who have been working for more than 10 years and who perform repetitive movements in less than one minute have a greater risk of presenting shoulder pain (95% CI 1,26 ­ 4,98) and (95% CI 1,65 ­ 5,29). CONCLUSION. The prevalence of osteomuscular symptoms in poultry farm workers associated with working conditions was recorded. RECOMMENDATION. It is necessary to have surveillance systems in order to propose public strategies in the Ecuadorian poultry industry

Estudio comparativo de una asociación de diclofenac, betametasona y vitamina b12 (blokium b12®) con diclofenac (sin asociar) en el tratamiento de patología dolorosa de columna con compromiso neural / COMPARATIVE STUDY OF AN ASSOCIATION OF DICLOFENAC, BETAMETASONE AND VITAMIN B12 (BLOKIUM B12®) WITH DICLOFENAC (WITHOUT ASSOCIATION) IN THE TREATMENT OF PAINFUL SPINE PATHOLOGY WITH NEURAL COMMITMENT

El dolor lumbar bajo y el dolor cervical con o sin irradiación son causas muy comunes de consulta a los médicos generalistas en los países desarrollados. La discopatía aguda y el dolor por estenosis del canal espinal son los diagnósticos más frecuentes. La postura tradicional ha sido la de administrar antiinflamatorios no esteroideos (AINES) para estas lumbalgias o cervicalgias agudas. Cuando existe irradiación neural por compresión radicular es usual asociar al AINE un corticoide a baja dosis, así como un antineurítico, para lograr un mejor resultado. Con el objeto de documentar la utilidad de esta práctica habitual, efectuamos en 142 pacientes ambulatorios un estudio multicéntrico randomizado que compara la efectividad y la tolerancia de una asociación a dosis fija de diclofenac, betametasona y cianocobalamina administrada por vía oral versus la administración de diclofenac como monofármaco en el tratamiento de la patología dolorosa de la columna lumbar y cervical asociada a compresión neural. La asociación demostró ser más eficaz en controlar el dolor y mejorar la funcionalidad de los pacientes que la administración de diclofenac en forma aislada y se asoció a escasos efectos colaterales, principalmente digestivos

Low back pain and neck pain with or without radiation are very common causes of consultation with general practitioners in developed countries. Acute discopathy and pain due to spinal canal stenosis are the most frequent diagnoses. The traditional approach has been to administer non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for these acute low back or cervical pain. When there is neural radiation due to root compression, it is usual to associate a low-dose corticosteroid with the NSAID, as well as an antineuritic, to achieve a better result. In order to document the usefulness of this routine practice, we conducted a randomized multicenter study in 142 outpatients that compared the effectiveness and tolerance of a fixed-dose combination of diclofenac, betamethasone, and cyanocobalamin administered orally versus the administration of diclofenac as Monopharmaceutical in the treatment of painful pathology of the lumbar and cervical spine associated with neural compression. The association proved to be more effective in controlling pain and improving the functionality of patients than the administration of diclofenac in isolation and was associated with few side effects, mainly digestive

Dolor y discapacidad cervical de los trabajadores públicos usuarios de pantallas de visualización de datos / Pain and cervical disability among public workers who use data visualization display terminals

Resumen Los trastornos del cuello-hombro relacionados con el trabajo son un importante problema de salud. El objetivo de este estudio es establecer el patrón de dolor y discapacidad cervical de trabajadores con pantallas de visualización de datos, así como determinar los factores que predominan en la aparición de un nuevo episodio de dolor de espalda. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo-correlacional, en una muestra de 88 trabajadores usuarios de ordenadores de la Consellería de Sanidade (Xunta de Galicia). Los trabajadores respondieron los cuestionarios: "Neck Disability Index", "Escala analógica visual", "12-item Short Form Health Survey" y se realizó un análisis postural. Para el análisis comparativo se realizaron las pruebas T Student y U de Mann-Whitney. Un análisis de regresión logística binaria se utilizó para la extracción de un modelo predictivo de episodio de dolor cervical. El 58% refirieron dolor cervical. No existieron diferencias significativas entre hombres y mujeres. Las variables que mejor predicen la aparición de un nuevo episodio de dolor son el nivel de discapacidad y la calidad de vida física. Los resultados indican que un trabajador con altos niveles de discapacidad cervical y bajos valores de calidad de vida física, tiene mayor probabilidad de sufrir un episodio de dolor.

Abstract Work-related neck/shoulder disorders are considered an important health issue. This study is aimed at establishing the pain and cervical disability patterns of workers with visual display terminals, as well as at determining the factors that mostly affect the onset of a new episode of back pain. A descriptive, correlational study was carried out on a sample of 88 workers who use visual display terminals, of the Ministry of Health (Xunta de Galicia). The workers completed the following questionnaires: "Neck Disability Index Scale," "Visual Analog Scale," "12-item Short Form Health Survey," and an individual postural analysis was conducted. For the comparative analysis, the Student's t-test, and the Mann-Whitney U test were performed. A binary logistic regression analysis was used to extract a predictive model of a cervical pain episode, and 58% reported cervical pain. There were no differences between men and women. The variables that best predict the onset of a new episode of pain are the level of disability, and the quality of physical life. Study results indicate that a worker who uses visual display terminals, with high levels of cervical disability and low values of physical quality of life, is more likely to suffer an episode of back pain.

Reporte de caso: Quiste neuroentérico intradural/extramedular en paciente joven / Case report: Intradural/extramedullary neurenteric cyst in a young patient

Introducción: Los quistes neuroentéricos son lesiones congénitas, benignas, solitarias e infrecuentes del eje espinal, compuestas de tejido endodérmico heterotópico, productos del cierre incompleto del tubo neural. Se presentan, principalmente, en hombres durante la primera y segunda década de vida. Se localizan mayoritariamente en el espacio intradural/extramedular, ventralmente a la médula espinal, a nivel cervical bajo o torácico superior. La sintomatología neurológica depende de la localización del quiste. El diagnóstico presuntivo se realiza con una resonancia magnética, y el definitivo con un estudio histopatológico, llevado a cabo posterior a la exéresis completa o parcial de la muestra, con abordaje posterior, en la mayoría de los casos. Caso: Se describe el caso de una paciente de 35 años, quien tiene antecedente de haber presentado a los 14 años un quiste neuroentérico intradural/extramedular, a nivel cervial bajo. Había debutado con cervicalgia irradiada a miembros superiores e inferiores, radiculopatía, pérdida de la fuerza muscular, e hiperreflexia. Se realizó en ese momento una resonancia magnética, evidenciando una lesión ocupante de espacio en C5 y C6, la cual fue intervenida quirúrgicamente a través de una laminectomía en C5-C6 con abordaje posterior. Se realizó exéresis completa de la misma. El estudio anatomopatológico reportó quiste neuroentérico intradural/extramedular, sin atipias celulares. La evolución posoperatoria de la paciente resultó satisfactoria. Conclusión: Se describe este caso clínico, resaltando su importancia, al tratarse de lesiones sumamente infrecuentes en la literatura médica, con sintomatología poco específica, pudiendo confundirse con otras patologías, y recidivar, incluso después de haberse extraído completamente

Introduction: Neuroenteric cysts are congenital, benign, solitary, and infrequent lesions of the spinal axis, composed of heterotopic endodermic tissue, resulting from an incomplete closure of the neural tube. They mainly occur in men, during the first or second decade of life. Most of these cysts are located in the intradural/extramedullary compartment, ventrally to the spinal cord, especially at the lower cervical or upper thoracic spine. The neurological symptomatology varies depending on the location of the cyst. The presumptive diagnosis is made with magnetic resonance imaging, and the definitive diagnosis is made with a histopathological assessment, which is done after a complete or partial resection of the mass, generally with a posterior approach. Case presentation: We describe the case of a 35-year-old female patient, with the medical history of presenting an intradural/extramedullary neuroenteric cyst, located at the lower cervical level, at the age of 14. She presented cervical pain irradiated to upper and lower limbs, radicular pain, loss of muscular strength, and hyperreflexia. A magnetic resonance imaging was indicated, showing a space-occupying lesion at the C5 and C6 levels, which was surgically intervened through a posterior cervical (C5-C6) laminectomy. A complete resection of this mass was performed. The histopathological assessment reported an intradural/extramedullary neuroenteric cyst, with no cellular atypia. The patient's postoperative progress and development were satisfactory. Conclusion: The objective is to describe this case, highlighting its importance, since these lesions are extremely infrequent in the medical literature, with a non-specific symptomatology, which is why they can be confused with other pathologies, and recur, even after their complete resection.

Ventosaterapia no alívio da dor cervical em costureiras do sul catarinense / Cupping therapy in the relief of cervical pain in seamstresses from southern Santa Catarina / Terapia con ventosa para aliviar el dolor cervical en costureras del sur de Santa Catarina

Objetivo:identificar os efeitos do método de ventosaterapia no alívio da dor cervical em costureiras de uma confecção do segmento vestuário jeans, na região carbonífera do sul catarinense. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo e longitudinal, realizado no segundo semestre de 2019, com a utilização da ventosaterapia durante oito semanas consecutivas em costureiras de uma empresa da linha têxtil no ramo do jeans, entre 40 e 50 anos, que apresentam cervicalgia. Foi utilizado a escala visual analógica para avaliação da dor.Resultados: aamostra foi composta por mulheres com média de 44,75 ± 3,58 anos, que 100% relataram dores antes da ventosaterapia, sendo 75% na cervical e 37,5% sentia essas dores diariamente. Após ventosaterapia, 50% não apresentou dores, 87,5% relatou não atrapalhar nas atividades diárias. Conclusão: foi observado a redução significativa na dor das costureiras, após utilização de terapia com ventosas.

Objective: to identify the effects of the cupping therapy method in the relief of cervical pain in seamstresses of a clothing industry in the jeans industry, in the carboniferous region of southern Santa Catarina. Method: a quantitative and longitudinal study, carried out in the second semester of 2019, with the use of cupping therapy for eight consecutive weeks in seamstresses of a textile company in the jeans industry, between 40 and 50 years old, who have neck pain. The visual analogue scale was used to assess pain. Results: the sample consisted of women with an average of 44.75 ± 3.58 years, of which 100% reported pain before cupping therapy, 75% in the cervical and 37.5% experienced these pains daily. After cupping therapy, 50% had no pain, 87.5% reported no disturbance on their daily activities. Conclusion: a significant reduction in the pain of the seamstresses was observed, after the use of cupping therapy.

Objetivo: Identificar los efectos dela terapia comventosaen el alivio del dolor de cuello en costureras de una confección en el segmento de ropa de mezclilla, en la región carbonífera del sur de Santa Catarina.Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo y longitudinal, realizado en el segundo semestre de 2019, con el uso de la eólica durante ocho semanas consecutivas en costureras de una empresa de línea textil de la industria del jeans, de entre 40 y 50 años, que presentan dolor de cuello. La escala analógica visual se utilizó para evaluar el dolor. Resultados: la muestra estuvo conformada por mujeres con un promedio de 44,75 ± 3,58 años, que el 100% refirió dolor antes de la eólica, el 75% en la cervical y el 37,5% sintió estos dolores diariamente. Después de la terapia de viento, el50% no tuvo dolor, el 87,5% informó que no le molestaban las actividades diarias. Conclusión: se observó una reducción significativa del dolor de las costureras, luego del uso de la terapia con ventosa.

Correlation between tactile acuity, pain intensity, and functional capacity in individuals with chronic neck pain

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to verify the correlation between tactile acuity, intensity of pain at rest, and movement and functional capacity in individuals with chronic neck pain. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study composed of two groups: individuals with chronic neck pain and individuals without neck pain. Evaluations were performed using the Numerical Rating Pain Scale at rest and movement, Neck Disability Index, and two-point discrimination test. RESULTS: The final sample consisted of 100 volunteers, 50 in each group. The groups did not show significant differences (p>0.05) in personal characteristics. It was observed that volunteers with cervical pain presented alterations in tactile care, with a significant and clinical increase in the perceived distance (Median 6.66; 95%CI 6.29-7.02; Cohen's d 7.22; 95%CI 6.15-8.30), and yet, positive, moderate, and significant correlation between two-point discrimination test, intensity of pain at rest and movement, and neck disability index (r=0.778-0.789, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Tactile acuity is associated with pain intensity at rest and movement and functional capacity in individuals with chronic neck pain.

Uso de teléfonos móviles, postura cervical anormal y su repercusión en el sistema estomatognático / Use of mobile phones, abnormal cervical posture and its impact on the stomatognathic system

Desde la introducción de los teléfonos móviles en los años 80, el crecimiento de su uso ha sido continuo y con una tasa de crecimiento cada vez mayor. Este crecimiento ha generado preocupación a nivel mundial respecto de los efectos que sobre la salud provocan. Uno de ellos tiene que ver con los cambios adaptativos que surgen a nivel de la columna cervical, por la acción de inclinar la cabeza hacia adelante repetidas veces, con el objeto de visualizar la pantalla. Se ha descrito una estrecha relación entre la columna cervical y el completo cráneomandibular, por lo que se espera que los componentes de ambos sistemas tengan la capacidad potencial de influirse de manera recíproca. Se ha demostrado que distintas actitudes posturales derivan en características diversas de oclusión, por lo que una modificación de la posición craneocervical afectaría tanto a la oclusión dentaria de manera particular, como de forma general a la biomecánica mandibular. El propósito de este trabajo es informar sobre los efectos que las posturas inadecuadas que adopta la columna cervical al utilizar teléfonos móviles, pueden provocar a nivel del sistema estomatognático (AU)

Resultados de una cohorte de pacientes tratados con osteopatía en un hospital polivalente / Results of a cohort of patients treated with osteopathy in a polivalent hospital

Introducción: la osteopatía aborda al paciente de manera global y aplica técnicas de tratamiento manual. Se realizó una evaluación retrospectiva sobre 447 pacientes para conocer los resultados del tratamiento del dolor lumbar y cervical. Material y métodos: fueron incluidos en este estudio 447 pacientes con diagnóstico de lumbalgia y cervicalgia (77,4% de sexo femenino). Los pacientes atendidos ya habían realizado tratamientos convencionales sin haber conseguido resultados satisfactorios. Se evaluó a los pacientes con la escala de valor numérico de dolor (EVN), y los puntajes (scores) de Oswestry (ODI) y el índice de discapacidad de la región cervical (NDI). Los 4 osteópatas intervinientes son profesionales certificados en esta disciplina. Resultados: el 42,8% de los pacientes fueron derivados por el Servicio de Traumatología y el 41,3% por el Servicio de Medicina Familiar. El 34,2% tuvieron diagnóstico de dolor lumbar y al 20,81% se le diagnosticó dolor cervical. Tanto en la valoración del dolor como en los scores utilizados se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre la primera y la última sesión. Discusión: en pacientes con diagnóstico de lumbalgia y cervicalgia que no habían obtenido resultados satisfactorios con tratamientos convencionales previos, el tratamiento osteopático derivó en mejoras significativas en todos los parámetros estudiados. (AU)

Introduction: osteopathy addresses the patient globally and applies manual treatment techniques. A retrospective evaluation was carried out on 447 patients to know the results of the treatment of lumbar and cervical pain. Material and methods: 447 patients with a diagnosis of low back pain and cervical pain (77.4% female) were included in this study. The patients already had undergone conventional treatments without having achieved satisfactory results. The patients were evaluated with the numerical value of pain scale (VNS), and Oswestry scores (ODI) and the index of disability of the cervical region (NDI). The 4 intervening osteopaths are certified professionals in this discipline. Results: 42.8% of the patients were referred by the Traumatology Service and 41.3% by the Family Medicine Service. 34.2% had a diagnosis of lumbar pain and 20.8% were diagnosed with neck pain. Statistically significant differences were found between the first and last sessions in both the pain assessment and the scores used. Discussion: in patients with low back pain and neck pain who had not obtained satisfactory results with previous conventional treatments, osteopathic treatment resulted in significant improvements in all the parameters evaluated. (AU)

Neck pain and associated factors in a sample of high school students in the city of Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil: cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Neck pain is a major public health problem. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of neck pain among high school students and to analyze associations with sociodemographic variables, use of electronic devices, habitual physical activity practices and mental health problems. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional epidemiological study on a sample of high school students in the city of Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil. METHOD: Participants were selected through cluster sampling in two stages and data were collected via face-to-face interviews. Data collection comprised the following steps: 1. sociodemographic characteristics; 2. use of electronic devices; 3. habitual physical activity levels; 3. mental health; and 4. neck pain. RESULTS: A total of 1,628 participants were interviewed. The prevalence of neck pain was 49.1% (95% confidence interval, CI 46.7 to 51.5), with 40.4% (95% CI 37.0 to 43.7) in men and 57.5% (95% CI 54.2 to 60.9) in women. The variables associated with in neck pain were: female (prevalence ratio, PR = 2.04), use of cell phone in standing posture (PR = 1.47), use of tablet in sitting posture (PR = 1.72), length of computer use greater than 3 hours/day (PR = 1.54), length of cell phone use greater than 3 hours/day (PR = 1.54), length of tablet use greater than 3 hours/ day (PR = 1.34) and mental health problems (PR = 1.56). CONCLUSION: There is high prevalence of neck pain among students and striking associations with female sex, use of electronic devices and mental health problems.

Efeito da manipulação visceral na postura da cabeça para frente em sujeitos com dor pescoço crônica não específica - um estudo piloto / Effect of visceral manipulation on forward head posture in subjects with chronic non-specific neck pain ­ a pilot study

INTRODUÇÃO: A postura anterior da cabeça é considerada o desequilíbrio postural musculoesquelético mais comum, causando protrusão da cabeça anterior ao tronco. Os órgãos internos são interconectados e fixados posteriormente à coluna por meio das membranas de suporte. A tensão nessas membranas de suporte pode ainda causar restrições mecânicas, afetando a mobilidade do órgão visceral e a estrutura musculoesquelética associada em um mecanismo de mão dupla. OBJETIVO: Explorar o efeito da manipulação visceral específica de órgão na postura, incapacidade, força e dor em indivíduos com dor cervical crônica inespecífica. De acordo com a hipótese deste estudo, a manipulação visceral tem como objetivo explorar o efeito da manipulação da fáscia específica do órgão na postura, incapacidade, força e dor em indivíduos com dor cervical crônica inespecífica. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: cinco indivíduos com dor cervical inespecífica crônica com postura anterior da cabeça foram recrutados usando o método de amostragem de conveniência. Este estudo foi conduzido em um departamento de Fisioterapia de um hospital multi-especializado reconhecido, Mohali. Os indivíduos foram encaminhados após o diagnóstico de dor cervical crônica dos departamentos. Uma única sessão de manipulação visceral placebo foi administrada na primeira semana, seguida de uma única sessão de manipulação visceral da cúpula pleural e ligamentos pericárdicos na segunda semana. Aplicação móvel de tela de postura (postura), unidade de biofeedback de pressão (ativação muscular), Índice de Incapacidade Pescoço e Escalas Visuais Analógicas foram utilizados para medir os resultados pré e pós. RESULTADO: a comparação entre os grupos do desfecho mostrou diferença estatisticamente significativa na EAV (p = 0,001), aplicação da triagem postural (p = 0,02) e NDI (p = 0,07). Não foram observadas mudanças significativas no desfecho força. CONCLUSÃO: Sessão única de manipulação visceral da cúpula pleural e ligamentos pericárdicos pode se beneficiar na melhora da postura anterior da cabeça, incapacidade cervical e redução da dor.

INTRODUCTION: Forward head posture is considered to be the most common musculoskeletal postural imbalance causing protrusion of head anterior to trunk. Internal organs are interconnected and attached posteriorly to the spine through the support membranes. Tension in these support membranes may further cause mechanical restrictions, thereby affecting the mobility of the visceral organ and associated musculoskeletal structure in a two-way mechanism. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of organ-specific visceral manipulation on posture, disability, strength, and pain in subjects with chronic non-specific neck pain. According to this study hypothesis visceral manipulation aim to explore the effect of organ-specific fascia manipulation on posture, disability, strength, and pain in subjects with chronic non-specific neck pain. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Five subjects with chronic non-specific neck pain with forwarding head posture were recruited using a convenience sampling method. This study was conducted in a Physiotherapy department of a recognized multispecialty hospital, Mohali. Subjects were referred after diagnosis from chronic neck pain from the departments. A single session of placebo visceral manipulation was administered in the first week, followed by a single session of visceral manipulation of the pleural dome and pericardial ligaments in the second week. Posture screen mobile application (posture), Pressure biofeedback unit (muscular activation), Neck Disability Index, and Visual Analog Scales were used to measure the pre and post outcomes. RESULT: Between-group comparison of the outcome showed a statistically significant difference in the VAS (p=0.001), Posture screening application (p=0.02), and NDI (p=0.07). No significant changes were observed in the strength outcome. CONCLUSION: Single session of visceral manipulation for the pleural dome and pericardial ligaments may benefit in improving the forward head posture, neck disability and reducing the pain.