ABSTRACT
Introducción: El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la exactitud de la Valoración Global Subjetiva (VGS) versus la Valoración Objetiva (VO) del estado nutricional del paciente oncológico. Metodología: El presente estudio observacional se realizó en el Hospital del IESS de Santo Domingo-Ecuador de enero a mayo del 2018. Se incluyeron pacientes con cáncer de cualquier órgano. Las variables fueron edad, sexo, tipo de neoplasia. La VO usó el índice de masa corporal (IMC), % de grasa corporal, circunferencia braquial, circunferencia muscular del brazo, albumina sérica, hemoglobina. Se realizó el test de VGS. Resultados: Se analizan 114 pacientes, 59 hombres (51%). El promedio de edad de 69 ± 13.6 años en hombres y 56 ± 15.7 años en mujeres. Dentro de la categoría VGS-A (Bien Nutrido) 62.7% hombres y 69.1% mujeres. En las categorías VGS-ByC (desnutrición moderada y severa) 37.3% de hombres y 30.9% de mujeres. El IMC fue de 28.8 Kg/m2 en VGS-A y 24.2 en VGS-ByC P<0.0001. El % de grasa corporal de 31.3% en VGS-A y de 24.7% en VGS-ByC P=0.0047.Circunferencia de brazo en VGS-A 30.3 cm y en VGS-ByC de 25.97 cm P<0.0001. Sensibilidad (S) de 12.8% de la VGS para Índice de masa corporal, especificidad (E) 100%; exactitud (Ex) 70.2%; VSG para % de grasa corporal S: 41.0%, E: 88%, Ex: 71.9%. VSG para la circunferencia de brazo S: 71.8%, E: 65.3%, Ex 67.5%. Conclusión: La aplicación del test de la valoración global subjetiva, tiene una baja sensibilidad para el diagnóstico nutricional, la exactitud del test es del 70% para el diagnóstico de IMC y el porcentaje de grasa corporal, y del 65% para la circunferencia del brazo.
Introduction: The study's objective was to determine the accuracy of the Global Subjective Assessment (GSA) versus the Objective Assessment (OA) of the nutritional status of cancer patients. Methodology: This observational study was carried out at the IESS Hospital in Santo Domingo-Ecuador from January to May 2018. Patients with cancer of any organ were included, and the variables were age, sex, and type of neoplasia. OA uses body mass index (BMI), % body fat, upper arm circumference, upper arm muscle circumference, serum albumin, and hemoglobin. The GSA test was performed. Results: A total of 114 patients were analyzed, 59 men (51%). The average age was 69 ± 13.6 years in men and 56 ± 15.7 years in women. Within the GSA-A (Well Nourished) category, 62.7% are men, and 69.1% are women. In the GSA-B&C categories (moderate and severe malnutrition), 37.3% of men and 30.9% of women had malnutrition. The BMI was 28.8 Kg/m2 in GSA-A and 24.2 in GSA-B&C, P<0.0001. The % body fat was 31.3% in GSA-A and 24.7% in GSA- B&C (P=0.0047). Arm circumference in GSA-A was 30.3 cm, and in GSA-B&C, it was 25.97 cm (P<0.0001). Sensitivity (S) of 12.8% of the GSA for body mass index, specificity (Sp) 100%; accuracy (A) 70.2%; GSA for % body fat S: 41.0%, Sp: 88%, A: 71.9%. GSA for arm circumference S: 71.8%, Sp: 65.3%, A: 67.5%. Conclusion: The application of the subjective global assessment test has a low sensitivity for nutritional diagnosis; the accuracy of the test is 70% for the diagnosis of BMI and percentage of body fat and 65% for arm circumference.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Nutritional Status , Neoplasms , Nutrition Surveys , Nutritional EpidemiologyABSTRACT
INTRODUCCIÓN: Los patrones alimentarios de los adultos mayores son un aspecto clave en la calidad de vida y la morbimortalidad. Los datos al respecto son escasos en la población argentina. El objetivo fue evaluar los hábitos de consumo de alimentos y bebidas en hogares argentinos según presencia de adultos mayores y nivel de ingreso. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y de corte transversal a partir de la Encuesta Nacional de Gastos de los Hogares 2017-2018. Se calculó el consumo aparente de alimentos (g o ml) por adulto equivalente por día en tres tipos de hogares según la presencia de adultos >60 años: a) sin adultos mayores (SAM), b) multigeneracionales con adultos mayores (MAM) y c) unigeneracionales de adultos mayores (UAM), estratificados según nivel de ingresos. RESULTADOS: De los 21 254 hogares que registraron compra de alimentos y bebidas en la semana de la encuesta, hubo 64% SAM, 19% MAM y 17% UAM. Los hogares UAM presentaron mayor consumo aparente de alimentos y bebidas, especialmente hortalizas y frutas, legumbres, leche, yogur y quesos, huevos, aceite, frutas secas y semillas, y alimentos de consumo opcional según las guías alimentarias nacionales. El consumo fue creciente a medida que aumentaban los ingresos del hogar. DISCUSIÓN: El análisis evidenció diferencias en los hábitos alimentarios según composición del hogar y nivel de ingreso, y permite planificar estrategias para mejorar la calidad de vida de un grupo poblacional en aumento.
Subject(s)
Aged , Nutrition Surveys , Food and Beverages , Socioeconomic Survey , Feeding BehaviorABSTRACT
A adoção de uma alimentação saudável auxilia no controle e mortalidade por Doenças Crônicas não Transmissíveis (DCNT). Uma alimentação mais saudável pode ser alcançada pela prática de dietas especiais, que podem ser adotadas devido ao diagnóstico de algumas doenças. Conhecer o percentual de quem faz dietas especiais pode ser útil para o monitoramento do cuidado e enfrentamento das DCNT no Brasil. Assim, o presente trabalho objetivou estimar a prevalência do uso de dieta especial na população brasileira segundo tipos de dieta, variáveis sociodemográficas e estado nutricional. Trata-se de um estudo transversal e descritivo utilizando dados do Inquérito Nacional de Alimentação (INA) 2017/2018 (n=46.164 indivíduos com 10 anos ou mais de idade). Os participantes foram questionados se estavam fazendo alguma dieta especial, e para qual finalidade. Foram obtidas as prevalências de prática de dietas de acordo com características sociodemográficas, estado nutricional, uso de sal, açúcar e adoçante de adição, e suplementos nutricionais. Para o cálculo das estimativas, foi utilizado o Software R versão 4.1.0 considerando a complexidade da amostra e os fatores de expansão. Entre a população estudada (n=46.164 indivíduos), 14,3% afirmaram realizar algum tipo de dieta. Quando comparado por sexo, a prevalência foi maior entre as mulheres (17,8%) do que entre os homens (9,6%), sendo a dieta para pressão alta mais prevalente nos homens (3,7%) e a dieta para emagrecer mais prevalente nas mulheres (7,4%). O uso de dietas foi maior entre idosos (homens: 22,4%; mulheres: 31,2%) e obesos (homens: 13,2%; mulheres: 26,0%), para todos os tipos de dietas, e menor entre indivíduos de menor renda (homens: 4,3% vs. 20,4% maior renda; mulheres: 10% vs. 26,1% maior renda) e menor escolaridade (homens: 6,7% vs. 23,6% com maior escolaridade; mulheres: 11,9% vs. 23,9% com maior escolaridade). Os indivíduos que relataram realizar dieta, comparados com os que não relataram, apresentaram menor prevalência de consumo de sal (homens: 12,0% vs. 15,5%; mulheres: 9,6% vs. 12,6%) e açúcar de adição (homens: 53,1% vs. 85,4%; mulheres: 51,1% vs. 81,9%) e maior prevalência de consumo de suplementos nutricionais (homens: 32,2% vs. 13,7%; mulheres: 38,6% vs. 19,2%). O uso de dietas foi maior entre as mulheres, idosos e obesos, e menor entre indivíduos de menor renda e menor escolaridade para todos os tipos de dieta. Embora as DCNTs sejam mais frequentes entre os indivíduos de menor renda e menor escolaridade, o uso de dietas especiais foi menos frequente neste grupo.
The adoption of a healthy diet helps in the control and mortality from Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs). A healthier diet can be achieved by the practice of special diets, which can be adopted due to the diagnosis of some diseases. Knowing the percentage of those on special diets can be useful for monitoring the care and coping with NCDs in Brazil. Thus, the present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of special diet use in the Brazilian population according to types of diet, sociodemographic variables and nutritional status. This is a cross-sectional and descriptive study using data from the National Food Survey (INA) 2017/2018 (n=46,164 individuals aged 10 years and over). Participants were asked if they were on a special diet, and for what purpose. Prevalence of diet practices were obtained according to sociodemographic characteristics, nutritional status, use of salt, sugar and added sweeteners, and nutritional supplements. To calculate the estimates, Software R version 4.1.0 was used, considering the complexity of the sample and the expansion factors. Among the population studied (n=46,164 individuals), 14.3% stated that they were on some type of diet. When compared by sex, the prevalence was higher among women (17.8%) than among men (9.6%), with the diet for high blood pressure being more prevalent in men (3.7%) and the diet for weight loss more prevalent in women (7.4%). Diet use was higher among the elderly (men: 22.4%; women: 31.2%) and obese (men: 13.2%; women: 26.0%), for all types of diets, and lower among individuals with lower income (men: 4.3% vs. 20.4% higher income; women: 10% vs. 26.1% higher income) and less educated (men: 6.7% vs. 23.6% with higher education; women: 11.9% vs. 23.9% with higher education). Individuals who reported dieting, compared with those who did not, had a lower prevalence of salt consumption (men: 12.0% vs. 15.5%; women: 9.6% vs. 12.6%) and sugar addiction (men: 53.1% vs. 85.4%; women: 51.1% vs. 81.9%) and a higher prevalence of consumption of nutritional supplements (men: 32.2% vs. 13.7% ; women: 38.6% vs. 19.2%). The use of diets was higher among women, elderly and obese, and lower among individuals with lower income and lower education for all types of diet. Although CNCDs are more frequent among individuals with lower income and lower education, the use of special diets was less frequent in this group.
Subject(s)
Nutrition Surveys , Nutritional Status , Feeding Behavior , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diet Therapy , FoodSubject(s)
Socioeconomic Factors , Nutrients , Nutrition Surveys , Malnutrition , Eating , Venezuela , Edible Grain , Surveys and Questionnaires , Dairy Products , MeatABSTRACT
A avaliação do consumo alimentar da população brasileira é uma preocupação de longa data. Os primeiros dados de amplitude nacional sobre alimentação dos brasileiros foram publicados a partir do Estudo Nacional de Despesa Familiar (ENDEF) entre 1974-1975. Por serem baseados na pesagem dos alimentos consumidos nos domicílios durante uma semana, os dados retratavam o consumo do domicílio, ou seja, não captavam o consumo individual. A partir de então, os dados da Pesquisa de Orçamento Familiar (POF) vem sendo usados para a avaliação da alimentação no Brasil. As primeiras POF realizadas em 1987-1988, 1995-1996 e em 2002-2003, permitiam estimar o consumo a partir da aquisição domiciliar de alimentos no período de uma semana. Ou seja, somente os alimentos que foram adquiridos e que passaram pelo domicílio são analisados. Os dados das refeições realizadas fora do domicílio não são considerados, portanto, não permitem avaliar o consumo individual em sua totalidade. A fim de solucionar essa limitação, as duas últimas POF realizadas em 2008-2009 e 2017-2018, adicionaram informações do consumo alimentar individual em uma subamostra da pesquisa. Esses dados permitem fazer avaliações a nível individual, caracterizando melhor o consumo de alimentos por sexo, faixa etária, e outras variáveis sociodemográficas. Esta tese apresenta as etapas de desenvolvimento do bloco de consumo alimentar pessoal da POF de 2017-2018, aqui referido como Inquérito Nacional de Alimentação (INA) , realizado pelo IBGE. O objetivo deste trabalho é documentar o processo de desenvolvimento dos instrumentos, da base de dados e de adequações para comparações temporais do INA 2017-2018 com o INA 2008-2009, bem como apresentar os alimentos mais frequentemente consumidos nos dois inquéritos e a evolução do consumo na última década. Para o INA 2017-2018, foram coletados dois recordatórios de 24 horas em dias não consecutivos de 46.164 indivíduos com 10 anos ou mais de idade, representando uma subamostra de 34,7% da amostra geral da POF. Todas as alterações metodológicas sofridas de um inquérito para o outro, como: mudança do instrumento de coleta e da tabela de composição dos alimentos, atualização da base de dados, adições de novas variáveis como itens de adição e ocasiões de consumo estão descritas neste trabalho. As mudanças na coleta de dados aprimoraram o instrumento que apresentou menor sub-relato no inquérito mais recente. A mudança na tabela de composição para a Tabela Brasileira de Composição de Alimentos (TBCA), em reanálise dos dados de 2008-2009 representou mudanças de estimativas de energia, macronutrientes e minerais menores do que 15%, com exceção das gorduras trans e selênio, com médias 40% e 52% menores na TBCA.Na comparação dos dois inquéritos constatou-se que embora a população brasileira permaneça comendo arroz, feijão, café, pão, carne bovina e legumes como os seis principais itens da alimentação, houve redução na frequência do consumo de arroz, feijão, carne bovina, pães, frutas, laticínios, carnes processadas e refrigerantes e aumento no consumo de sanduíches, independente de sexo, idade e renda. As duas maiores mudanças foram relativas à redução do feijão e aumento de sanduíches, que apresentou estimativa de mais de 4 vezes mais chance de aumento nas brasileiras idosas. Ainda, a tendência de aumento do consumo de sanduíches foi três vezes maior no menor quartil de renda comparado ao maior. Tendência positiva foi a redução de refrigerantes em todas as classes de renda. As mudanças observadas na alimentação do brasileiro nesse período de 10 anos são consistentes com a política de redução de bebidas adoçadas e com a redução da renda familiar no período. Os resultados sinalizam piora na alimentação do brasileiro.
The evaluation of the food consumption of the Brazilian population is a long-standing concern. The first comprehensive data on the diet of Brazilians were those from the National Study of Family Expenditure (ENDEF) between 1974-1975. The survey captures the data of one week family consumption, using weighing method. Since then, data from the Family Budget Survey (POF) have been used to assess diet in Brazil. The first POF was carried out in1987-1988, followed by 1995-1996 and 2002-2003. Estimation of consumption is based on household purchases in a period of one week. Thus, meals eaten away from home are not considered, and therefore, do not allow the assessment of individual consumption.. In order to solve this limitation, the last two POF carried out in 2008-2009 and 2017-2018included a new block of data that collected information from individual food consumption in a subsample of the survey. These data allow making individual-level estimates, characterizing food consumption by sex, age group, and other sociodemographic variables. Development and analytical strategies of the 2017-2018 National Dietary Survey (NDS) included in the Family Budget Survey is shown in this thesis. Thus, the objective of this work is to document the process of selection and adaptation of the instruments, the food database for energy and nutrient analysis and the necessary harmonization with previous NDS of 2008-2009. Also, the foods most frequently consumed in the two surveys and the evolution of the consumption in the last decade was analyzed. For NDS 2017-2018, two 24-hour recalls were collected on non-consecutive days of 46,164 with 10 years of age or older, representing a subsample of 34.7% of the general POF. All methodological changes from one survey to the other, such as: instrument to collect data, food composition databases, new variables added are presented. In addition, results of change in the foods most frequently consumed by the population is presented. Changes in data collection improved the instrument that had the lowest underreporting in the most recent survey. The change in the composition table for Brazilian Food Composition Table (TBCA), in reanalysis of the 2008-2009 data, showed changes in energy, macronutrient and mineral estimates of less than 15%, with the exception of trans fats and selenium, with average changes of 40% and 52% lower in the TBCA. Comparing the two surveys, it was found that although the results show that the Brazilian population continues to eat rice, beans, coffee, bread, beef and vegetables as the six main food items, there was a reduction in the frequency of consumption of rice, beans, beef, breads, fruits, dairy products, processed meats and soft drinks and an increase in the consumption of sandwiches, regardless of gender, age and income. The two biggest changes were related to the reduction of beans and the increase of sandwiches, which was estimated to be more than 4 times more likely to increase in elderly Brazilians. A positive trend was the reduction of soft drinks in all income classes. The changes observed in the diet of Brazilians in this 10-year period are consistent with the policy of reducing sweetened beverages and with the reduction of family income in the period. The results indicate a worsening in the Brazilian diet.
Subject(s)
Table of Food Composition , Health Surveys , Eating , Brazil , Nutrition SurveysABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective This study aimed to evaluate the memorization of messages that promote healthy eating, as well as satisfaction and feasibility of a nutritional intervention using a mobile text messaging app aimed at adolescents from public schools in the Federal District, Brazil. Methods The messages sent addressed aspects of healthy eating based on the Dietary Guidelines for the Brazilian Population. A self-reported questionnaire was applied with 94 students to assess the memorization of the messages received during the nutritional intervention, the level of satisfaction with the intervention, whether the messages were read and shared, the frequency of reading, and what was learned from the intervention. The association of memorization with satisfaction and with the frequency of reading the messages was also investigated. Results About 48% of participants reported remembering at least one message; 77.7% showed high ranges of satisfaction; 54.3% always read the messages; 66.0% did not share messages with other people. Most of the students reported positive learning or good impressions about the intervention. An association was found between memorization and satisfaction with the intervention (p=0.002), as well as between reading and memorization (p=0.005). Conclusion Although the memorization of the healthy eating messages sent in the nutritional intervention was less than expected, a great satisfaction and high frequency of reading the messages were reported by adolescents. Future studies should investigate the permanence of the results of long-term nutrition intervention, the main influencers of memorization, and how to improve it.
RESUMO Objetivo Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a memorização de mensagens de promoção de alimentação adequada e saudável, a satisfação e a usabilidade de uma intervenção nutricional via aplicativo direcionada para adolescentes de escolas públicas do Distrito Federal. Métodos As mensagens enviadas abordavam aspectos sobre alimentação adequada e saudável com base no Guia Alimentar para a População Brasileira. Foi aplicado um questionário de autopreenchimento a 94 estudantes para avaliar a memorização das mensagens recebidas durante a intervenção nutricional, o nível de satisfação com a intervenção, se as mensagens eram lidas e compartilhadas, a frequência de leitura e quais foram os aprendizados decorrentes da intervenção. Investigou-se ainda a associação entre a memorização, a satisfação e a frequência de leitura das mensagens. Resultados Cerca de 48% dos participantes referiram lembrar de pelo menos uma mensagem da intervenção; 77,7% se mostraram satisfeitos com o estudo; 54,3% sempre liam as mensagens que recebiam e 66% não compartilhava as mensagens com outras pessoas. A maioria relatou aprendizados ou impressões positivas sobre a intervenção. Foi encontrada uma associação entre a memorização das mensagens e a satisfação com o estudo (p=0,002), bem como entre a leitura e a memorização das mensagens (p=0,005). Conclusão Apesar de a memorização das mensagens enviadas na intervenção nutricional ter sido aquém do esperado, foi referida grande satisfação e alta frequência de leitura pelos adolescentes. Futuros estudos devem investigar a permanência dos resultados de intervenções nutricionais a longo prazo, os principais influenciadores da memorização e como melhorá-la.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Nutrition Surveys/methods , Text Messaging , Memory , Brazil , Food and Nutrition Education , AdolescentABSTRACT
Em pacientes críticos o risco nutricional e a hiperglicemia associam-se ao aumento da incidência de desfechos desfavoráveis. Objetivo: Avaliar a relação do risco nutricional pelo Nutrition Risk in Critically III, versão modificada (mNUTRIC) e perfil glicêmico nos desfechos de alta, óbito e tempo de internação de pacientes críticos e verificar o impacto das ferramentas Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Disease Classification System II (APACHE II) e do Sepsis-Related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) nesses desfechos. Método: Estudo longitudinal prospectivo desenvolvido em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI). Foram incluídos adultos, com tempo ≥ 48 horas de internação e com registro mínimo de duas aferições glicêmicas. Excluíram-se pacientes em cuidados paliativos, readmitidos nas UTI e gestantes. O teste Exato de Fisher e Shapiro Wilk foram utilizados para avaliar as variáveis categóricas e contínuas, respectivamente. Posteriormente, utilizou-se o teste de Mann-Whitney ou t-Student não pareado. Realizou-se análise de regressão logística e linear. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Resultados: Ao avaliar 35 pacientes, 45,7% apresentaram alto risco nutricional. Foi observado associação do risco nutricional com os desfechos de alta e óbito; o SOFA associou-se ao óbito e tempo de internação. O incremento de 1 ponto no escore do SOFA aumentou a chance de óbito em 83% e tempo maior de internação em 0,49 dias. O perfil glicêmico e APACHE II não se associou aos desfechos. Conclusão: o escore SOFA foi o instrumento que apresentou associações significativas com o desfecho do óbito e maior tempo de internação de pacientes críticos
In critically ill patients, nutritional risk and hyperglycemia are associated with an increased incidence of unfavorable outcomes. Objective: To evaluate the relationship of nutritional risk by the Nutrition Risk in Critically III, modified version (mNUTRIC) and glycemic profile in the outcomes of discharge, death and length of stay in critically ill patients and to verify the impact of the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Disease Classification System II (APACHE II) and the Sepsis-Related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) tools on these outcomes. Method: Prospective longitudinal study developed in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Adults were included, with ≥ 48 hours of hospitalization and with a minimum record of two blood glucose measurements. Patients in palliative care, readmitted to ICU and pregnant women were excluded. Fisher's Exact test and Shapiro Wilk test were used to evaluate categorical and continuous variables, respectively. Subsequently, the Mann-Whitney or unpaired t-Student test was used. Logistic and linear regression analysis was performed. The significance level adopted was 5%. Results: When evaluating 35 patients, 45.7% were at high nutritional risk. An association was observed between nutritional risk and discharge and death outcomes; SOFA was associated with death and length of hospital stay. The increment of 1 point in the SOFA score increased the chance of death by 83% and a longer hospital stay by 0.49 days. Glycemic profile and APACHE II were not associated with outcomes. Conclusion: the SOFA score was the instrument that showed significant associations with the outcome of death and longer hospital stay in critically ill patients
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Blood Glucose , Malnutrition/physiopathology , Patient Acuity , Patient Discharge , Nutrition Surveys/methods , Prospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies , APACHE , Malnutrition/mortality , Organ Dysfunction Scores , Hyperglycemia/mortality , Intensive Care Units , Length of StayABSTRACT
En 2021 se conmemoró el Año Internacional de las Frutas y Verduras (FyV). Estos alimentos cumplen un rol indispensable en la dieta, sin embargo, un amplio sector de la población no las consume en la variedad y cantidad recomendadas. A esto se suma la problemática de las pérdidas y desperdicios de alimentos, situación que trae consigo un impacto negativo a nivel social, ambiental y económico. El objetivo del presente artículo fue analizar el consumo, utilización y aprovechamiento de FyV desde las perspectivas de salud y sostenibilidad. Para esto, se realizaron cuatro encuestas entre 2019 y 2021 que evaluaron diferentes dimensiones relacionadas con estos alimentos: adecuación del consumo, variedades consumidas, criterios de calidad de FyV apreciados por los consumidores y prácticas de sostenibilidad y consumo responsable. Sólo el 19% de los encuestados presentó consumos adecuados de FyV (5 o más porciones diarias). La variedad de frutas consumidas es menor que la de hortalizas, concentrándose en tres de ellas: manzana, banana y naranja. Los principales factores identificados como limitantes del consumo de FyV fueron el precio, la elevada perecibilidad de estos alimentos y la preferencia hacia otros productos. En relación a las prácticas de alimentación sostenible y los principales criterios de calidad valorados por los consumidores se observó un bajo aprovechamiento de partes comestibles de frutas o verduras, menos del 27% de los encuestados consume la fruta con cáscara, y un mayor desaprovechamiento de partes comestibles de verduras, dónde el 64% de los encuestados tira partes como tallos u hojas, aún cuando existen vías de aprovechamiento con fines no alimenticios. Por último, el factor de calidad más apreciado por los consumidores es la apariencia (30%), el valor nutricional no fue un parámetro de gran valoración (6%)(AU).
In 2021, the International Year of Fruits and Vegetables (FyV) was commemorated. These foods play an essential role in the diet; however, a large sector of the population does not consume them in the recommended variety and quantity. Added to this is the problem of food losses and waste, a situation that brings about a negative impact at a social, environmental and economic level. The objective of this article was to analyze the consumption, use and utilization of F&V from the perspectives of health and sustainability. For achiving this, four surveys were carried out between 2019 and 2021 that evaluated different dimensions: adequacy of consumption, varieties consumed, F&V quality criteria appreciated by consumers, and sustainability practices and responsible consumption. Only 19% of those surveyed presented adequate consumption of F&V (5 or more daily servings). The variety of fruits consumed is less than that of vegetables, concentrating on three of them: apple, banana and orange. The main factors limiting the consumption of F&V were the price, the high perishability of these foods and the preference for other products. In relation to sustainable eating practices and the main quality criteria valued by consumers, a low use of edible parts of fruits or vegetables was observed, less than 27% of respondents consume fruit with peel, and a greater waste of edible parts of vegetables, where 64% of respondents throw away parts such as stems or leaves, even when there are ways of using them for non-food purposes. Finally, the quality factor most appreciated by consumers is appearance (30%), nutritional value was not a highly valued parameter (6%)(AU).
Subject(s)
Vegetables , Eating , Fruit , Nutrition SurveysABSTRACT
Objective@#This study aimed to analyze the temporal trends and characteristics associated with waist circumference (WC) among elderly Chinese people.@*Methods@#We used data from 3,096 adults ≥ 65 years who participated in the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), an ongoing cohort study, between 1993 and 2015. We used longitudinal quantile regression models to explore the temporal trends and characteristics associated with WC.@*Results@#WC increased gradually among the elderly Chinese population during the survey. The WC curves shifted to the right with wider distributions and lower peaks in men and women. All WC percentile curves shifted upward with similar growth rates in the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles. The WC means increased from 78 cm to 86 cm during the 22 years of our study. WC significantly increased with age and body mass index and decreased with physical activity (PA). These associations were stronger in the higher percentiles than in the lower percentiles.@*Conclusions@#WC is rising among Chinese adults ≥ 65 years. Factors affecting WC in elderly people may have different effects on different percentiles of the WC distribution, and PA was the most important protective factor in the higher percentiles of the WC distribution. Thus, different interventional strategies are needed.
Subject(s)
Aged , Body Mass Index , China/epidemiology , Cohort Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Nutrition Surveys , Waist CircumferenceABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the effect of pesticides and herbicides on lipid metabolism. Methods: In November 2020, Based on the data of the national health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES) (2011-2014) , select the population aged 20~65 who have demographic information, pesticide use and data of four lipid metabolism indicators [total cholesterol (TC) , triglyceride (TG) , high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) ] (n=3039) . The subjects were divided into insecticide group (320 people) and non insecticide group (2719) according to the use of insecticides, and herbicide group (156 people) and non herbicide group according to the use of herbicides. Results: Among the 3039 subjects, the males and female were 1509 (49.7%) and 1530 (50.3%) respectively. The males age was (39.7±12.0) years and the females age was (40.2±12.0) years The concentration of HDLC in the NHANES (55.4±15.0) mg/dl was lower than that of (58.2±14.2) mg/dL in the non herbicide group (P<0.05) (b=-0.044, P<0.05) . The results showed that the use of herbicides was related to the decrease of HDLC and the increase of LDLC and LDLC/HDLC in female population (b=-0.050, 0.062, 0.067, all P<0.05) . Conclusion: Herbicide exposure can cause the change of lipid metabolism, and the effect on female population is more obvious.
Subject(s)
Adult , Cholesterol, HDL , Cholesterol, LDL , Female , Humans , Lipid Metabolism , Male , Middle Aged , Nutrition Surveys , Pesticides , Young AdultABSTRACT
Based on the open data of China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), 249 children, adolescents and 249 heads of families who completed two rounds of surveys in 2011 and 2015 were selected in this study. According to the fast food consumption of children and adolescents, they were divided into fast food consumption group and non-fast food consumption group. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between children and adolescents watching Food TV advertising and fast food consumption. After adjusting relevant factors, the results showed that children and adolescents requiring their parents to buy food in TV advertisements (OR=3.122, P=0.001), parents buying food for their children in TV advertisements (OR=4.717, P=0.036), children and adolescents buying food in TV advertisements themselves (OR=3.728, P=0.041), children and adolescents' preference for food in TV advertisements (OR=2.946, P=0.044) and the frequency of children and adolescents reported by their parents asking their parents to buy food in TV advertisements (OR=3.113, P=0.002) were associated with children and adolescents' fast food consumption.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Advertising , Child , China , Fast Foods/analysis , Humans , Nutrition Surveys , TelevisionABSTRACT
Introducción: conocer la deficiencia de micronutrientes en la ingesta es imprescindible para desarrollar estrategias de intervención y para evaluar programas destinados a mejorar el estado nutricional. Objetivos: determinar el consumo y la inadecuación de la ingesta de hierro, calcio, zinc, ácido fólico y vitaminas A, B12, C,D y E en la dieta de la población argentina. Materiales y métodos: la muestra fue de 1.266 individuos (población urbana 15-65 años), estratificada por región, edad, sexo y nivel socioeconómico (NSE). Los datos de ingesta fueron recolectados con dos recordatorios de 24 horas (R24). Resultados: el riesgo relativo (RR) de inadecuación de ingesta de calcio, ácido fólico y vitamina B12 fue mayor para las mujeres. El consumo y la inadecuación de hierro mostraron diferencias significativas por sexo (0,3% hombres, 11% mujeres). La inadecuación de vitamina D fue casi del 100% para toda la muestra. Todos los grupos etarios presentaron alta inadecuación de calcio y vitaminas C, A y D. Adolescentes, adultos mayores de 50 años y población de NSE bajo presentaron mayor RR de inadecuación de calcio (1,18; 1,21 y 1,17 respectivamente). Se observó una disminución significativa de la media de consumo de calcio (mg) (856,4; 770,5; 745,3), vitaminas A (mcg) (643,6; 601,8; 536,2), C (mg) (54,2; 52,3; 44,8) y D (mcg) (3,7; 3,7; 3,2) al disminuir el NSE. La inadecuación en calcio aumentó significativamente con el índice de masa corporal. Conclusiones: mejorar la ingesta de micronutrientes a través de políticas públicas sobre educación alimentaria y desarrollo científico es una prioridad de salud pública
Introduction: knowing the deficiency of micronutrients intake is essential to develop intervention strategies and to evaluate programs aimed at improving nutritional status. Objectives: to determine the consumption and inadequacy of the intake of iron, calcium, zinc, folic acid and vitamins A, B12, C, D and E, in the diet of the Argentine population. Materials and methods: the sample consisted of 1,266 individuals (urban population 15-65 years old), stratified by region, age, sex and socioeconomic level (SEL). Intake data was collected with two 24-hour reminders (R24). Results: the relative risk (RR) of inadequate intake of calcium, folic acid, and vitamin B12 was higher for women. Iron consumption and inadequacy showed significant differences by sex (0.3% men, 11% women). Vitamin D inadequacy was almost 100% for the entire sample. All age groups presented high prevalence of inadequacy in calcium and vitamins C, A and D. Adolescents, adults over 50 years and the low SEL population presented a higher RR of calcium inadequacy (1.18, 1.21 and 1.17, respectively). A significant decrease in the average consumption of calcium (mg) (856.4, 770.5, 745.3), vitamins A (mcg) (643.6, 601.8, 536.2), C (mg) (54.2, 52.3, 44.8) and D (mcg) (3.7, 3.7, 3.2) was observed as the SEL decreased. Calcium inadequacy increased significantly with the body mass index. Conclusions: improving the intake of deficient micronutrients through public policies based on food education and scientific development is a public health priority
Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Argentina , Micronutrients , Diet , Nutrition SurveysABSTRACT
La enfermedad cardiovascular es una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad en Chile, según resultados entregados por la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2017 un 3,3% de la población ha presentado un infarto agudo al miocardio, un 2,6% reporta haber sufrido un ataque cerebrovascular, el 74% de los chilenos presenta obesidad y un 87% sedentarismo, siendo la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) con un 12% y la hipertensión arterial con un 28% resultados que preocupan por su importante incremento. La investigación tuvo un diseño observacional de corte transversal. Se realizó en 69 pacientes con DM2 e hipertensos esenciales, entre 40 y 80 años de edad, pertenecientes al Sistema salud municipal (SMS) y privado (SPS) en la ciudad de Iquique. Se realizó encuesta alimentaria, medición antropométrica y exámenes bioquímicos y presión arterial. Al analizar ambos grupos se destaca los siguientes resultados: actividad física 17,24% SPS y 42,5% en SSM, presión arterial controlada 55,2% SPS y 87,5% en SSM, control de hemoglobina glicosilada 26,9% SPS y 52,5% en SSM, colesterol total alterado 17,9% SPS y 45% en SSM, síntomas depresivos 96,5% SPS y 26,3% en SSM. Se evidenció una prevalencia de mal nutrición por exceso de un 89,7% SPS y 95% SSM, riesgo cardiovascular (RCV) según circunferencia de cintura (CC) 96,5% SPS y 92,3% SSM. En relación a la encuesta alimentaria se observó que un 44,8% en usuarios SPS y 52,5% de SSM presentaron consumo alimentario hipercalórico. Los usuarios de atención privada y pública presentaron factores de riesgo cardiovascular, donde destacan la obesidad, sedentarismo y RCV según CC. Al comparar ambos grupos los usuarios SPS presentan menor control metabólico de su enfermedad y factores de riesgo cardiovascular aumentados en relación a los usuarios SSM.
Cardiovascular disease is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in Chile, according to the results provided by the 2017 National Health Survey, 3.3% of the population has presented acute myocardial infarction, 2.6% reported have suffered a cerebrovascular accident, 74% of Chileans are obese and 87% have sedentary behavior, belonging to type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) into 12% and arterial hypertension into 28%, alarming results due to their significant increase. The research had a cross-sectional observational study design. 69 patients with DM2 and essential hypertensive patients, between 40 and 80 years of age were studied, belonging to the municipal (SSM) and private (SPS) health systems in the city of Iquique. A food intake survey, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical and blood pressure tests were taken. When analyzing both groups, the following results stand out: physical activity 17.24% in SPS and 42.5% in SSM, controlled blood pressure 55.2% in SPS and 87.5% in SSM, controlled glycosylated hemoglobin 26.9% in SPS and 52.5% in SSM, altered values of total cholesterol 17.9% in SPS and 45% in SSM, depression symptoms 96.5% in SPS and 26.3% in SSM. Prevalence of malnutrition due to excess 89.7% in SPS and 95% in SSM, cardiovascular risk (RCV) according to waist circumference (CC) 96.5% in SPS and 92.3% in SSM were evidenced. In relation to the food intake survey, it was observed that 44.8% of SPS users and 52.5% of SSM users consume hypercaloric diet. The users of private and public care presented cardiovascular risk factors, where the obesity, sedentary lifestyle and RCV related to CC stand out. When comparing both groups, SPS users have less control of their disease in relation to SSM users.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology , Local Health Systems , Clinical Diagnosis , Nutrition Surveys/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Eating , Sedentary Behavior , Sociological Factors , Health Facilities, Proprietary/statistics & numerical data , Hypertension/complications , Informed Consent , Life Style , Obesity/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Introducción: la ingesta elevada de azúcares agregados se asocia con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. El objetivo fue analizar la ingesta de azúcares agregados en la población argentina por etapa del ciclo vital y según nivel de ingreso, e identificar las principales fuentes alimentarias. Materiales y método: estudio descriptivo y transversal, basado en datos secundarios. Se analizó información recolectada en la Encuesta Nacional de Nutrición y Salud 2005, y la Primera Encuesta Alimentaria Nutricional de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires 2011. Se calculó la ingesta total de azúcares agregados, expresado en gramos por día y proporción de la energía total diaria. Se identificaron los principales alimentos o bebidas aportadores de azúcares agregados. La ingesta se comparó con las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y se estratificó según el quintil de ingresos per cápita del hogar. Se realizó análisis estadístico descriptivo considerando la ponderación muestral, la asociación fue evaluada mediante análisis de regresión lineal y logística. Resultados: se observó asociación entre la ingesta de azúcares agregados y el nivel de ingresos, con cambios en el consumo a lo largo del ciclo vital, alcanzando el máximo durante la adolescencia. El consumo promedio fue superior al límite máximo recomendado en los grupos etarios evaluados, excepto en los adultos mayores de 60 años. El azúcar de mesa, gaseosas y jugos fueron las principales fuentes. Discusión: el elevado consumo de azúcares agregados observado y su asociación con el nivel de ingresos requiere estrategias acordes a las características de cada grupo poblacional(AU).
Introduction: high consumption of added sugars is associated with non-communicable diseases. The objective was to analyze the added sugar intake by life cycle and income level in the Argentine population, and to identify the main food sources. Materials and methods: a descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out based in secondary data, the National Survey of Nutrition and Health 2005 and the First Food and Nutrition Survey of Buenos Aires City 2011. Added sugar intake was calculated, expressed in grams per day and proportion of total daily energy. Principal foods and beverages sources of added sugars were identified. Added sugar intake was compared with the World Health Organization´s recommendations, considering income quintile by household member. A descriptive statistical analysis was carried out considering the sample weight, the association was evaluated by linear and logistic regression analysis. Results: an association was found between added sugar intake and income level, with changes throughout the life cycle, with a highest consumption during adolescence. The average consumption was higher than the recommendations in the age groups evaluated, except in adults over 60s. Table sugar and sweetened beverages were the main sources. Conclusion: the high consumption of added sugars observed and its association with income level requires strategies according to the characteristics on each population group(AU).
Subject(s)
Sugars , Life Cycle Stages , Nutrition Surveys , EconomicsABSTRACT
To analyze the influence of individual and household factors on eating behavior (EB) and other determinants related to eating during the home lockdown in the Covid-19 pandemic. Method: Online survey (April 17 to May 10, 2020) to collect sociodemographic information, health, and various EB attitudes. Statistical analysis of the factors: country, setting, sex, BMI classification, lockdown period, a household with children under 15 years, nutritional needs, age groups, type and size household, monthly income, and religion. Results: 1055 households participated. 75% have modified their eating habits, with differences due to being overweight or obese in the person surveyed (p <0.05). Changes in EB and other lifestyles are influenced by household structure (p <0.001) and the effects that the pandemic has had on the economy of families (p <0.001). Compared to those who do not have them, households with children tend to plan much more meals, spend more time eating, seek a healthier diet, increase the number of daily meals, and look more at labeling. In contrast, people who live alone have worsened the hourly routines of the main meals. Conclusions: Confinement has modified eating behavior differently depending on the individual and domestic factors analyzed(AU)
Analizar la influencia de factores individuales y del hogar sobre el comportamiento alimentario (CA), y otros determinantes relacionados con la alimentación, durante el confinamiento domiciliario en la pandemia por Covid-19. Método: Encuesta online (17 abril al 10 de mayo de 2020) para recopilar información sociodemográfica, de salud y diversas actitudes del CA. Análisis estadístico sobre los factores: país, ámbito, sexo, IMC, tiempo de confinamiento, hogar con menores de 15 años, necesidades nutricionales, grupos de edad, tipo y tamaño del hogar, ingresos y religión. Resultados: Participaron 1055 hogares. El 75% ha modificado sus hábitos alimentarios, con diferencias por sobrepeso u obesidad de la persona encuestada (p<0.05). Los cambios en el CA y otros estilos de vida están influenciados por la estructura del hogar (p<0.001) y los efectos que la pandemia ha tenido sobre la economía de las familias (p<0.001). Los hogares que tienen hijos/as, respecto a los que no los tienen, tienden a planificar mucho más las comidas, dedicar más tiempo a la alimentación, procuran una alimentación más saludable, incrementan el número de comidas diarias y miran más el etiquetado. Por el contrario, las personas que viven solas han empeorado las rutinas horarias de las principales comidas. Conclusiones: El confinamiento ha modificado de manera diferenciada el comportamiento alimentario en función de los factores individuales y domésticos analizados(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Family , Quarantine , Feeding Behavior , COVID-19 , Housing , Life Style , Spain , Sex Factors , Nutrition Surveys , Eating , Nutritional Transition , Diet, HealthyABSTRACT
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as prevalências de comportamentos de saúdede brasileiros se-gundo a participação em programas públicos de estímulo à prática de atividade física.Para isso, foram utilizados dadosda Pesquisa Nacional da Saúde 2013, que entrevistou 60.202 adultos e idosos e investigou comportamentos de saúde protetores (consumo de feijão, peixe, carne sem excesso de gordura, frutas e hortaliças; e prática de atividade física) e de risco (consumo de refrigerante, doces e álcool; substituição de refeições; tabagismo e assistir televisão). Foram calculadas as prevalências e intervalos de confiança (95%). Cerca de 10% dos entrevistados participavam destesprogramas e pos-suíam comportamentos mais saudáveis (maiores prevalências de prática de atividade física e consumo de peixe; e menor ingestão de doces e tabagismo), quando comparados aos demais, com diferenças entre as macrorregiões do país. Desta forma, a expansão destes programas e a diversificação de suas atividades podem constituir importante estratégia de promoção da saúde no país
This study aimsto evaluate the prevalence of health behaviors of Brazilians according to their participation in public programs to encourage the practice of physical activity. For this, data ofNational Health Survey 2013 was used, who interviewed 60,202 adults and elderly and investigated protective health behaviors (consumption of beans, fish, meat without excess fat, fruits and vegetables; and physical activity) and risk (consumption of soda, sweets and alcohol; meal replacement; smoking and watching television). About 10% of Brazilians participated in these Programs and had healthier behaviors (higher prevalence of physical activity and fish consumption; and lower intake of sweets and smoking), when compared to the others, with differences between the country's macro-regions. This way, the expansion of these Programs and diversifica-tion of their activities can be an important health promotion strategy in the country
Subject(s)
Exercise , Nutrition Surveys , Health Surveys , Feeding Behavior , Life StyleABSTRACT
Introducción: la incorporación de la mujer a la planta productiva ha modificado los patrones de atención y cuidado de los hijos. Objetivo: determinar el efecto de la guardería en el crecimiento y desarrollo del niño. Metodología: diseño de cohorte antes y después en niños atendidos en guarderías; la fuente de información fue el expediente clínico que genera de manera cotidiana el personal encargado de la atención del niño. Grupo no expuesto: niños al ingresar a la guardería (43 días a 24 meses de edad); grupo expuesto: los mismos niños al salir de la guardería (31 meses a 48 meses de edad). La exposición incluyó programas de alimentación y pedagogía para estimular el desarrollo psicosocial, lingüístico, motriz y cognitivo. El tamaño de la muestra fue de 154 expedientes. Se realizó la valoración del estado nutricional (Organización Mundial de la Salud, peso para la talla) y de desarrollo psicosocial (Evaluación del Desarrollo del Niño), lingüístico, motriz y cognitivo. Se utilizaron t pareada, Wilcoxon y McNemar. Resultados: el estado nutricional no se modificó (p = 0.837). El desarrollo al egreso fue estadísticamente significativo en las áreas psicosocial (p = 0.000), lingüística (p = 0.000), motriz (p = 0.000) y cognitiva (p = 0.000). Conclusión: el niño atendido en guardería sometido a programas para el desarrollo tiene alta probabilidad de evolucionar de manera favorable en las áreas psicosocial, lingüística, motriz y cognitiva.
Introduction: The incorporation of women into the economcally active sector has changed the patterns of children development and childcare. Objective: Determine the impact that a childcare center may have on the growth and development of children. Methods: Before and after cohort design in childcare center, using the information gathered in the clinical file, by personnel in charge of watching the children. Unexposed group, children upon entering the childcare center (from 43 days to 24 months of age); exposed group, the same children after leaving the childcare center (from 31 months to 48 months of age). Intervention included feeding and pedagogical program to stimulate psychosocial, language, motor and cognitive development. The sample size was 154 files. Assessment of nutritional status (World Health Organization tables for weight for height) and psychosocial, language, motor and cognitive development (Child Development Assessment instrument) was performed.Paired t, Wilcoxon and McNemar were used. Results: Nutritional condition was not modified (p = 0.837). After visiting the childcare center, the development of children was statistically significant in the psychosocial (p = 0.000), language (p = 0.000), motor (p = 0.000) and cognitive (p = 0.000) areas. Conclusion: The children in childcare centers undergoing a program of development, evolve favorably in the psychoso-cial, language, motor, and cognitive areas.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Schools, Nursery , Child Development , Nutrition Surveys , Cohort Studies , Language DevelopmentABSTRACT
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To assess total usual nutrient intakes from foods and dietary supplements by age, sex, physical activity, and nutritional status, and to compare usual nutrient intakes to the Dietary Reference Intakes among non-users and users of dietary supplements in an urban population. METHODS: Cross-sectional population-based survey with 506 adults conducted in the city of Brasília, Brazil, using 24h food recalls. The 24-HR was collected on two nonconsecutive days, for which individuals reported all food, supplements, and beverages consumed in the previous 24 hours. The estimates of mean and the distribution percentiles were adjusted to reflect usual nutrient intake using the Iowa State University method. The prevalence of inadequate micronutrient intake was estimated according to sex using the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR), and values above the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) were also considered. Also, a comparison was made of the total mean usual intake between supplement users and non-users according to BMI and physical activity. RESULTS: The total mean usual dietary intake was significantly higher among users than non-users of dietary supplements (p ≤ 0.02). Dietary supplement use increased intakes of nutrients and decreased prevalence of inadequacy according to sex, with only small (typically < 13%) increases in the population exceeding the Tolerable Upper Intake Level. There was a significant interaction between physical activity and BMI categories with supplement use. CONCLUSIONS: The population that consumes food supplements comprises individuals with more advanced age, female, normal BMI, and physically active. Our findings show that the use of supplements appears beneficial to attain nutrient adequacy. Careful monitoring of intake from food and supplements is recommended, and the statistical methods must be powerful enough to achieve relevant information.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Dietary Supplements , Diet , Urban Population , Brazil , Nutrition Surveys , Cross-Sectional Studies , Nutritional RequirementsABSTRACT
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between dietary patterns, stunting, and overweight among Mexican preschoolers. METHODS This study was conducted with anthropometric (weight, height/length), sociodemographic (age, gender, education level of household head, socioeconomic status, country region and area, ethnicity, and beneficiary of social programs), and dietary data (Semiquantitative-food frequency questionnaire) on children aged from 1 to 4 years collected from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey-2012. Dietary patterns were derived by principal components analysis. The association between dietary patterns, stunting, and overweight was assessed by prevalence ratios (PR), estimated by Poisson regression. RESULTS In total, 1,112 preschoolers (mean age 3.06 years, SD = 1.08 years; 48.8% females) were included in the study; 11.9% of whom presented stunting, and 6.7% overweight. We identified four dietary patterns: Fruits and Vegetables [F&V], Western [W], Traditional [T], and Milk and Liquids [M&L]. Considering the lowest tertile of each dietary pattern as reference, the prevalence of stunting was 2.04 times higher [95%CI: 1.17-3.56] among children in the highest tertile of the "F&V" pattern. The prevalence of stunting was lower among children in the highest tertile of the "W" pattern [PR = 0.48; 95%CI: 0.27-0.85]. Overweight was negatively associated with the "F&V" dietary pattern [PR = 0.37; 95%CI: 0.16-0.85 for its highest tertile], and children whose consumption was mostly equivalent to the "T" pattern showed higher prevalence of stunting [PR = 1.74; 95%CI: 1.01-3.00]. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of stunting and overweight in a nationwide sample of Mexican preschoolers was associated with dietary patterns.