Subject(s)
Humans , Refraction, Ocular/physiology , Refractive Errors/therapy , Cataract , Cataract Extraction/methods , Cataract Extraction/trends , Refractive Surgical Procedures/methods , Refractive Surgical Procedures/trends , Postoperative Period , Activities of Daily Living , Visual Acuity , Surveys and Questionnaires , Treatment Outcome , Patient Satisfaction , Phacoemulsification , Lens Implantation, Intraocular , Lenses, IntraocularABSTRACT
Objetivo: Determinar las aberraciones corneales en pacientes con indicación de cirugía refractiva con láser de excímeros. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, transversal, descriptivo, con 161 ojos de 81 pacientes adultos, de ambos sexos con indicación de cirugía con láser de excímeros para la corrección de su defecto refractivo. Se definieron como variables edad, sexo, desenfoque, astigmatismo, coma, trefoil y aberración esférica, las que se determinaron por el estudio topográfico de rutina con el topógrafo KeratronTM Scout, Optikon. Resultados: Se obtuvieron los siguientes valores promedios: desenfoque -4,17 ± 0,29 D (-16,15 a 8,5 D) y absoluto 4,94 ± 0,199 (10 a 16,5 D), astigmatismo -1,56 ± 0,09 D (-9,44 a -0,09 D), coma 0,25 ± 0,016 (0,01 a 1,5 D), trefoil 0,204 ± 0,016 (0,01 a 1,18 D) y aberración esférica 0,316 ± 0,018 D (0,0 a 1,27D). En el 75 por ciento de los casos los valores absolutos de desenfoque fueron inferiores a 6,56, de astigmatismo inferior a 0,33 D, de coma menor que 0,33, trefoil inferior a 0,25 y aberraciones esféricas menores que 0,32 D. Conclusiones: Los valores promedio de las aberraciones corneales desenfoque, astigmatismo, coma, trefoil y aberración esférica se encuentran en el rango de los valores reportados en la literatura científica y la distribución de los valores de las aberraciones corneales presentan desplazamiento de la mayoría de los casos hacia los valores más bajo del rango de determinación(AU)
Objective: To determine corneal aberrations in patients indicated for excimer laser refractive surgery. Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out with 161 eyes of 81 adult patients of both sexes with indication of excimer laser surgery for the correction of their refractive defect. Age, sex, defocus, astigmatism, coma, trefoil and spherical aberration were defined as variables, determined by routine topographic study with the KeratronTM Scout topographer, Optikon. Results: The following average values were obtained: defocus of -4.17 ± 0.29 D (-16.15 to 8.5 D) and absolute of 4.94 ± 0.199 (10 to 16.5 D), astigmatism of -1.56 ± 0.09 D (-9.44 to -0.09 D), coma of 0.25 ± 0.016 (0.01 to 1.5 D), trefoil of 0.204 ± 0.016 (0.01 to 1.18 D) and spherical aberration of 0.316 ± 0.018 D (0.0 to 1.27D). In 75 percent of the cases, the absolute values for defocus were lower than 6.56; for astigmatism, lower than 0.33 D; for coma, lower than 0.33; for trefoil, lower than 0.25; and for spherical aberrations, lower than 0.32 D. Conclusions: The average values of corneal aberrations for defocus, astigmatism, coma, trefoil and spherical aberration are in the range of values reported in the scientific literature, while the distribution of corneal aberrations values present displacement of most of the cases towards the lower values of the determination range(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Astigmatism/etiology , Corneal Topography/methods , Refractive Surgical Procedures/methods , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
ABSTRACT LASIK is a refractive surgical procedure in which a corneal flap is created to expose the corneal stromal bed. Preoperative estimation of corneal flap thickness is necessary to calculate the percentage tissue altered in LASIK, an important quantitative risk factor for ectasia. The objective of this study was to assess flap thickness and calculate percentage tissue altered to check if unexpectedly thicker flaps and higher percentage tissue altered could pose as risk factors of ectasia. Four subjects (eight eyes) were submitted to mechanical LASIK in 2009 and 2010. Pre and postoperative clinical and tomographic data were reviewed. Mean preoperative estimated percentage tissue altered was 39.18±1.31%, which was borderline for increased ectasia risk when considering the limit of 40%. However, when considering the postoperatively measured flap thickness, the actual mean percentage tissue altered turned out to be 45.17 ± 4.13%, which was significantly higher than predicted preoperatively (p=0.002). Unexpectedly higher postoperative percentage tissue altered may be responsible for corneal ectasia after mechanical LASIK.
RESUMO A LASIK é um procedimento cirúrgico refrativo, no qual um retalho corneano é criado para expor o leito estromal corneano. A estimativa pré-operatória da espessura do retalho corneano é necessária para calcular o percentual de tecido alterado no LASIK, um importante fator de risco quantitativo para ectasia. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a espessura do retalho e calcular o percentual de tecido alterado para verificar se retalhos inesperadamente mais espessos e percentuais de tecido alterado mais altos poderiam representar fatores de risco de ectasia. Quatro indivíduos (oito olhos) foram submetidos à LASIK mecânica em 2009 e 2010. Dados clínicos e tomográficos pré e pós-operatórios foram revisados. A média de percentual de tecido alterado pré-operatória estimada foi de 39,18±1,31%, limítrofe para risco aumentado de ectasia quando considerado o limite de 40%. No entanto, ao considerar a espessura do retalho medida no pós-operatório, o percentual de tecido alterado médio real foi de 45,17±4,13%, ou seja, significativamente maior do que o previsto no pré-operatório (p=0,002). O percentual de tecido alterado pós-operatóriao inesperadamente mais alto pode ser responsável pela ectasia da córnea após LASIK mecânico.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Postoperative Complications , Surgical Flaps/pathology , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/adverse effects , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/methods , Dilatation, Pathologic/etiology , Lasers, Excimer/adverse effects , Refractive Errors , Cornea/surgery , Cornea/pathology , Corneal Topography/methods , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Dilatation, Pathologic/diagnosis , Refractive Surgical Procedures/methods , Lasers, Excimer/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Objetivo: Determinar los resultados motores post cirugía refractiva corneal con láser de excímero en pacientes miopes con o sin astigmatismo asociado. Método: Se realizó un estudio preexperimental del tipo antes y después, en el que fueron incluidos 81 pacientes (162 ojos) tratados con LASEK-MMC (65 pacientes) o PRK-MMC (16 pacientes) seguidos por tres meses. Se les realizó un examen oftalmológico completo y se evaluaron las siguientes variables: punto próximo de convergencia, la amplitud de convergencia, divergencia y el alineamiento ocular precirugía y poscirugía. Resultados: Con la cirugía se observó un incremento significativo del punto próximo de convergencia (LASEK-MMC: p = 0,000 y PRK-MMC: p = 0,021). La amplitud de convergencia de cerca y de lejos, así como la amplitud de divergencia tendieron a disminuir, pero la diferencia no fue significativa (p > 0,05). Aumentó el porcentaje de pacientes con exodesviaciones de cerca, después de la cirugía LASEK-MMC (26,2 por ciento â 60,0 por ciento, p = 0,000) y de la PRK-MMC (18,8 por ciento â 81,3 por ciento, p = 0,000), y predominaron las heteroforias pequeñas en ambos casos (LASEK-MMC: 52,3 por ciento y PRK-MMC: 75,0 por ciento). Conclusiones: Con la cirugía fotoablativa con láser, aumentaron las exodesviaciones en el posoperatorio, pero se trató fundamentalmente de heteroforias pequeñas, aunque un número reducido de pacientes desarrolló nuevas exodesviaciones(AU)
Objective: To determine the motor results after corneal refractive surgery with excimer laser in myopic patients with or without associated astigmatism. Method: A pre-experimental study of the before and after type was carried out, in 81 patients (162 eyes) treated with LASEK-MMC (65 patients) or PRK-MMC (16 patients) followed up for three months. A complete ophthalmological examination was performed and the variables were evaluated near point of convergence, amplitude of convergence, divergence, and pre-surgery and postsurgery ocular alignment. Results: A significant increase in the near point of convergence was observed with surgery (LASEK-MMC: p = 0.000 and PRK-MMC: p = 0.021). The amplitude of convergence near and far, as well as the amplitude of divergence tended to decrease, but the difference was not significant (p > 0.05). The percentage of patients with near exodeviations increased after LASEK-MMC surgery (26.2 percent â 60.0 percent, p = 0.000) and PRK-MMC (18.8 percent â 81.3 percent, p = 0.000), and small heterophoria predominated in both cases (LASEK-MMC: 52.3 percent and PRK-MMC: 75.0 percent). Conclusions: The laser photoablative surgery increased postoperative exodeviations, but they were mainly small heterophoria, although a small number of patients developed new exodeviations(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Amblyopia , Strabismus/etiology , Lasers, Excimer , Refractive Surgical Procedures/methodsABSTRACT
La miopía es un grave problema de salud pública por su alta y creciente prevalencia en distintas áreas geográficas. La cirugía facorrefractiva consiste en la extracción del contenido transparente o esclerosado del cristalino y el implante de una lente intraocular, con el objetivo posoperatorio de alcanzar o acercarse a la emetropía. Ha demostrado un resultado predecible y estable en el tiempo, pero no está exenta de complicaciones. Se presenta un paciente de 44 años de edad con antecedentes de oftalmológicos de miopía elevada, glaucoma secundario y cirugía facorrefractiva en ambos ojos, refracción dinámica de -3,50-100 x 200 con agudeza visual mejor corregida de 0,8 por cartilla de Snellen en el ojo derecho y -5,25 -1,25 x 1600 con agudeza visual mejor corregida de 0,6 en el ojo izquierdo. En el examen biomicroscópico se observó afaquia quirúrgica, opacidad de la cápsula posterior con capsulotomía láser central amplia y presencia de vítreo en la cámara anterior en ambos ojos con cifras de tensión ocular elevadas. Se realizó implante secundario de lente intraocular en ambos ojos. La refracción dinámica a los 3 meses fue para el ojo derecho de: -0,50 -0,50 x 400 con agudeza visual mejor corregida de 0,9 por cartilla de Snellen y para el ojo izquierdo de: -1,00 -0,75 x 1600 con agudeza visual mejor corregida de 0,6 por cartilla de Snellen. A los dos años presentó desprendimiento de retina subclínico en el ojo derecho, que fue tratado con terapia láser, y daño glaucomatoso en el ojo izquierdo. Se le realizó trabeculectomía, trabeculoplastia selectiva láser y posteriormente implante de drenaje valvulado en el ojo izquierdo(AU)
Myopia is a serious public health problem, due to its high and increasing prevalence in various geographic regions. Phaco-refractive surgery consists in extraction of the clear or sclerosed content of the crystalline lens and implantation of an intraocular lens with the postoperative objective of achieving or approaching emmetropia. The procedure has shown to obtain predictable results stable in time, but it is not exempt from complications. A case is presented of a male 44-year-old patient with an ophthalmologic history of high myopia, secondary glaucoma and phaco-refractive surgery in both eyes, dynamic refraction of -3.50-100 x 200 with best corrected visual acuity of 0.8 on the Snellen chart in the right eye and -5.25 -1.25 x 1600 with best corrected visual acuity of 0.6 in the left eye. Biomicroscopic examination found surgical aphakia, posterior capsule opacity with large central laser capsulotomy, presence of vitreous in the anterior chamber of both eyes and high ocular pressure values. Secondary intraocular lens implantation was performed in both eyes. Dynamic refraction at three months was -0.50 -0.50 x 400 for the right eye with best corrected visual acuity of 0.9 on the Snellen chart, and -1.00 -0.75 x 1600 for the left eye with best corrected visual acuity of 0.6 on the Snellen chart. At two years the patient experienced subclinical retinal detachment in the right eye, which was treated with laser therapy, and glaucomatous damage in the left eye, for which the treatment indicated was trabeculectomy, selective laser trabeculoplasty, and then valved drainage implantation in the left eye(AU)
Subject(s)
Adult , Trabeculectomy , Lens Implantation, Intraocular , Refractive Surgical Procedures/methods , Myopia/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Objetivo: Determinar los resultados refractivos en pacientes operados de catarata con cirugía refractiva corneal, según el cálculo del poder dióptrico de la lente intraocular con la fórmula Barrett True K. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio pre-experimental, del tipo antes y después, en el cual fueron incluidos 18 pacientes (31 ojos). En ellos se analizaron variables demográficas y clínicas. La principal variable de salida fue la predictibilidad del componente esférico ± 0,50 D, ± 1,0 D según la longitud axial. Resultados: Fueron estudiados pacientes con un promedio de edad de 59,4 años, predominantemente del sexo femenino (66,7 por ciento). El 77,4 por ciento fue operado con queratotomía radial. Con la cirugía de catarata se produjo una mejora ostensible de la agudeza visual no corregida (mediana preoperatoria: 0,12 y mediana posoperatoria: 0,60). Solo el 9,7 por ciento de los ojos analizados presentó una agudeza visual sin corregir de 20/20 y el 90,3 por ciento de 20/40 o más. La cantidad de ojos con un equivalente esférico de ± 0,50 disminuyó en la medida en que aumentó la longitud axial (corta: 100 por ciento; normal: 57,1 por ciento; larga: 22,7 por ciento), no así la predictibilidad del componente esférico de ± 0,50, que aumentó (corta: 50,0 por ciento; normal: 57,1 por ciento; larga: 63,6 por ciento). Conclusiones: La fórmula Barrett True K resulta útil para el cálculo de la lente intraocular en pacientes operados de catarata y cirugía refractiva corneal previa(AU)
Objective: Determine refractive outcomes in patients undergoing cataract corneal refractive surgery based on intraocular lens dioptric power calculation with the Barrett True-K formula. Methods: A pre-experimental before/after study was conducted of 18 patients (31 eyes). Demographic and clinical variables were analyzed. The main output variable was spherical component predictability ± 0.50 D, ± 1.0 D according to axial length. Results: Mean age was 59.4 years; female sex prevailed (66.7 percent). Of the patients studied, 77.4 percent underwent radial keratotomy. Cataract surgery led to notable uncorrected visual acuity improvement (preoperative mean: 0.12; postoperative mean: 0.60). Only 9.7 percent of the eyes examined had an uncorrected visual acuity of 20/20, whereas 90.3 percent had 20/40 or more. The number of eyes with a spherical equivalent of ± 0.50 fell as axial length rose (near: 100 percent; normal: 57.1 percent; far: 22.7 percent), unlike ± 0.50 spherical component predictability, which rose from near: 50.0 percent; normal: 57.1 percent; far: 63.6 percent. Conclusions: The Barrett True-K formula is useful for intraocular lens calculation in patients undergoing previous cataract and corneal refractive surgery(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/methods , Refractive Surgical Procedures/methods , Keratotomy, Radial/methodsABSTRACT
Objetivo: Comparar las mediciones biométricas realizadas con el IOL Master 500 y el Pentacam AXL. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal en 99 ojos de 99 pacientes miopes con criterio de cirugía fotoablativa, atendidos en el período de enero del año 2019 a enero de 2020, en el Servicio de Cirugía Refractiva del Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología "Ramón Pando Ferrer". Las variables estudiadas fueron edad, sexo, equivalente esférico y características biométricas preoperatorias (longitud axial, profundidad de la cámara anterior y queratometrías), así como su relación, aportadas automáticamente por el IOL Master 500 y el Pentacam AXL para evitar los factores dependientes del operador. El análisis estadístico se realizó con la Prueba t para datos pareados, utilizando una significación del 95 por ciento. Una diferencia con un valor de p < 0,05 fue considerado estadísticamente significativo. Resultados: El 60,61 por ciento de los pacientes eran de sexo femenino y el 39,39 por ciento del masculino, con una edad promedio de 25,67 ± 4,30 años. Se analizaron 51 ojos derechos y 48 izquierdos. El equivalente esférico medio fue de -3,30 ± 1,53 dioptrías. No hubo diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los valores biométricos (longitud axial, profundidad de la cámara anterior y queratometrías) obtenidos con el IOL Master 500, en comparación con los del Pentacam-AXL (p > 0,05). Conclusión: Las mediciones biométricas (longitud axial, profundidad de la cámara anterior y queratometrías) obtenidas con el IOL Master 500 y el Pentacam-AXL son similares(AU)
Objective: Compare biometric measurements taken with IOL Master 500 and Pentacam AXL. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted of 99 eyes of 99 myopic patients with indication of photoablative surgery attending the Refractive Surgery Service at Ramón Pando Ferrer Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology from January 2019 to January 2020. The variables analyzed were age, sex, spherical equivalent and preoperative biometric characteristics (axial length, anterior chamber depth and keratometries) and the relationship to one another, automatically supplied by IOL Master 500 and Pentacam AXL to avoid operator-dependent factors. Statistical analysis was based on the paired T-test with a significance level of 95%. A difference with a p-value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: Of the patients studied, 60.61 percent were female and 39.39 percent were male; mean age was 25.67± 4.30 years. A total 51 right eyes and 48 left eyes were analyzed. Mean spherical equivalent was -3.30 ± 1.53 diopters. No statistically significant difference was found between the biometric values (axial length, anterior chamber depth and keratometries) obtained with IOL Master 500 versus Pentacam AXL (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Similar biometric measurements (axial length, anterior chamber depth and keratometries) are obtained with IOL Master 500 and Pentacam AXL(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Biometry/methods , Refractive Surgical Procedures/methods , Anterior Chamber/diagnostic imaging , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
Laser corneal refractive surgery has become an important treatment to correct ametropia in recent years. Rational medication in the perioperative period is essential to ensure the success of the surgery and to reduce complications. However, in this area there has been no consistent understanding and unified application guide across the world. Experts in Refractive Surgery Group, Ocular Microcirculation Branch of Chinese Society of Microcirculation who are specialized in keratology and optometry had initiated extensive and rigorous discussions and reached a consensus on appropriate medication before, during and after the refractive surgeries. The consensus covers a broad spectrum of commonly used ophthalmic solutions, provides recommendations of routine and enhanced medication on prevention and management of adverse reactions and complications related to the laser corneal refractive surgeries. We hope the consensus serves as a standard perioperative medication regimen for ophthalmologists, helps to ensure the safety and effectiveness of laser corneal refractive surgeries, and improves the quality and outcome of the refractive surgeries.
Subject(s)
Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use , Asian People/statistics & numerical data , China , Consensus , Cornea/surgery , Drug Therapy/methods , Expert Testimony , Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use , Lasers , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Perioperative Care , Refractive Errors/therapy , Refractive Surgical Procedures/methodsABSTRACT
RESUMEN El coloboma de iris es un defecto congénito, que se describe como un orificio, fisura o hendidura en dicha estructura. Esta condición tiene la posibilidad de ser hereditaria o aparecer sin historia familiar previa. Se presenta un caso de un paciente de 51 años de edad con coloboma bilateral de iris asimétrico e hipermetropía, quien acudió a la consulta médica con el deseo de independizarse de su corrección óptica habitual. Se propuso cirugía facorrefractiva de ambos ojos con pupiloplastia del ojo derecho, en el que se obtuvieron resultados visuales satisfactorios después de la intervención quirúrgica(AU)
ABSTRACT The iris coloboma is a congenital defect, present since birth, which is described as a hole, fissure or cleft in the mentioned structure. This condition has the possibility of being inherited or can appear without previous family history. The case is presented of a 51-year-old patient with bilateral asymmetric iris coloboma and farsightedness. The patient went to the doctor's office with the desire to become independent of his usual optical correction. Facorrefractive surgery of both eyes with pupilloplasty of the right eye was proposed, in which satisfactory visual results were obtained after the intervention(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Coloboma/diagnosis , Refractive Surgical Procedures/methods , Hyperopia/etiologyABSTRACT
Introdução: Abdominoplastia consiste em um dos procedimentos estéticos mais populares realizados no Brasil. Pacientes pósbariátricos representam um desafio peculiar ao cirurgião plástico, uma vez que não só requerem reconstruções complexas, mas também apresentam comorbidades residuais e deficiências nutricionais. O tromboembolismo venoso (TEV) constitui uma complicação grave e potencialmente fatal da abdominoplastia. Apesar da pequena frequência desta complicação, os métodos aceitos como padrões para prevenção de TEV em pacientes após abdominoplastia, incluindo quimioprofilaxia, permanecem controversos. Objetivo: Avaliar a experiência do autor com rivaroxabana para profilaxia de TEV em pacientes submetidos a abdominoplastia após grande perda ponderal. Métodos: Uma série de 396 casos foi conduzida retrospectivamente. Todos os pacientes submetidos à abdominoplastia após cirurgia bariátrica que receberam rivaroxabana foram incluídos. A dose profilática foi de 10mg por dia. Dados demográficos, comorbidades, tipo de cirurgia e complicações foram registrados. Resultados: 396 casos de pacientes pós-bariátricos (356 mulheres e 40 homens) foram submetidos à abdominoplastia e receberam rivaroxabana no pós-operatório, de julho de 2015 a julho de 2018. A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 39,1 anos. O índice de massa corporal médio no momento da abdominoplastia foi de 27,2kg/m². Houve apenas um caso de tromboembolismo venoso (0,25%). Treze pacientes apresentaram hematoma com necessidade de drenagem. Conclusões: A quimioprofilaxia de rotina com rivaroxabana para pacientes submetidos à abdominoplastia após grande perda ponderal revela uma baixa incidência de TEV. Esta medicação oral é bem tolerada e apresenta um perfil de complicação aceitável.
Introduction: Abdominoplasty is one of the most popular aesthetic procedures performed in Brazil. Postbariatric patients present a challenge to the plastic surgeon as not only do they have complex reconstructive challenges but also they have residual medical comorbidities and nutritional deficiencies. A serious and potentially fatal complication of abdominoplasty is venous thromboembolism (VTE). Despite the frequency of this serious complication, the accepted standard methods to prevent VTE in abdominoplasty patients, including chemoprophylaxis, remain controversy. Objective: To evaluate the author experience with rivaroxaban, for VTE prophylaxis in abdominoplasty patients after massive weight loss. Methods: A retrospective 396 cases series were conducted. All patients who underwent abdominoplasty after bariatric surgery and received rivaroxaban were included. The prophylactic dose was 10 mg daily for 30 days, beginning 24 hours postoperatively. Patient demographics, comorbidities, type of surgery and complications were recorded. Results: From July 2015 until July 2018, 396 post bariatric patients (356 women and 40 men) underwent abdominoplasty and received rivaroxaban postoperatively. The mean body mass index prior to their weight loss procedure was 43.8kg/m2 (range, 37.3- 61.9kg/m2) and mean BMI was 27.2kg/m² at the time of the abdominoplasty. Mean patient age was 39.1 years. Only one patient had a symptomatic PTE event. Thirteen patients had a hematoma requiring operative evacuation, and all went on to heal without sequel. Conclusions: Routine chemoprophylaxis with rivaroxaban for abdominoplasty patients after massive weight loss has a low rate of VTE events. This oral medication is well tolerated and has an acceptable complication profile.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Surgery, Plastic/adverse effects , Surgery, Plastic/methods , Plastic Surgery Procedures/adverse effects , Venous Thrombosis/surgery , Venous Thrombosis/physiopathology , Bariatric Surgery/adverse effects , Bariatric Surgery/methods , Venous Thromboembolism/surgery , Venous Thromboembolism/complications , Venous Thromboembolism/physiopathology , Refractive Surgical Procedures/methods , Abdominoplasty/adverse effects , Abdominoplasty/methods , Rivaroxaban/adverse effects , Rivaroxaban/therapeutic use , Rivaroxaban/pharmacologyABSTRACT
RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir los resultados visuales en la corrección de la alta miopía con implante de lente fáquica ACR-128. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional longitudinal y prospectivo en 60 ojos de 32 pacientes con miopía corregida con lente fáquica ACR-128. Se determinó el componente esférico esperado y observado, el cilindro queratométrico, las agudezas visuales sin corrección y mejor corregidas en el pre y en el posoperatorio y el astigmatismo inducido. El análisis estadístico se realizó con la Prueba T para datos pareados, con una significación del 95 por ciento. Resultados: La edad media fue 27,41 ± 5,91 años, el equivalente esférico preoperatorio -11,54 ± 3,20 dioptrías y el 68,75 por ciento eran femeninas. El componente esférico en dioptrías esperado (-0,53 ± 0,37) y observado (-0,42 ± 0,47) sin diferencias (p= 0,0742). Entre ± 1,00 el 91,67 por ciento y entre ± 0,50 el 70 por ciento. Ningún ojo quedó por encima de +0,50 dioptrías. El cilindro queratométrico en dioptrías, pre (1,44 ± 0,76) y posoperatorio (1,49 ± 0,84) sin astigmatismo inducido (p= 0,6377). El 100 por ciento tenía agudeza visual sin corrección preoperatoria ≤ 0,1 y posoperatoria ≥ 0,3. Después de la cirugía el 10 por ciento alcanzaba 1,0 y 71,6 por ciento ≥ 0,5. Solo el 28,33 por ciento tenía la unidad en el preoperatorio, y el 70 por ciento en el posoperatorio (98,33 por ciento ≥ 0,7). Conclusiones: El implante de lente fáquica ACR-128 proporciona corrección refractiva y predictibilidad favorables para el paciente, al reducir el componente esférico al deseado, no inducir astigmatismo y mejorar la agudeza visual, todo lo que se traduce en un adecuado resultado visual(AU)
ABSTRACT Objective: Describe the visual results of correction of high myopia with ACR-128 phakic lens implantation. Methods: An observational descriptive longitudinal prospective study was conducted of 60 eyes of 32 patients with myopia corrected with the ACR-128 phakic lens. Determination was made of the expected and observed spherical component, the keratometric cylinder, uncorrected and best corrected visual acuity in the pre- and postoperative periods, and induced astigmatism. Statistical analysis was based on the paired T-test with a significance level of 95 percent. Results: Mean age was 27.41 ± 5.91 years, preoperative spherical equivalent was -11.54 ± 3.20 diopters, and 68.75 percent of the patients were female. Spherical component in diopters expected (-0.53 ± 0.37) and observed (-0.42 ± 0.47) without differences (p= 0.0742). Between ± 1.00 diopters 91.67 percent and between ± 0.50 diopter 70 percent. No eye was above +0.50D. Keratometric cylinder in diopters, preoperative (1.44 ± 0.76) and postoperative (1.49 ± 0.84) without induced astigmatism (p=0.6377). In 100 percent visual acuity without correction ≤ 0.1 preoperative and ≥ 0.3 postoperative. After surgery 10 percent reached 1.0 and 71.6 percent ≥ 0.5. Only 28.33 percent had the unit corrected in the preoperative period and 70 percent in the postoperative period (98.33 percent ≥ 0.7). Conclusions: ACR-128 phakic lens implantation provides patients with favorable refractive correction and predictability. This is achieved by reducing the spherical component to desired values, not inducing astigmatism and improving visual acuity, all of which leads to an adequate visual result(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Refractive Surgical Procedures/methods , Phakic Intraocular Lenses/adverse effects , Myopia/etiology , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Prospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Observational StudyABSTRACT
Objetivo: describir los resultados de la calidad visual para la mejoría de la discriminación cromática, así como la estereopsia y la sensibilidad al contraste, posterior a la cirugía facorrefractiva en pacientes hipermétropes mayores de 40 años, y si la mejoría visual es sustancial en los parámetros de función visual según estudios psicofísicos. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y prospectivo a 70 pacientes operados en el período de enero a diciembre del año 2016, hipermétropes présbitas con buena visión corregida, atendidos en el Servicio de Microcirugía del Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología "Ramón Pando Ferrer", quienes mostraron mejoría subjetiva en su calidad de vida al disminuir la dependencia de los espejuelos. Se realizó un estudio de sensibilidad al contraste con la cartilla de Pelli-Robson; discriminación cromática con la prueba de Farnsworth Munsell 100-Hue y estereopsia a través de la prueba de The Netherlands Organization. Resultados: hubo una mejoría significativa en todos los exámenes realizados. La sensibilidad al contraste pasó de una media en el prequirúrgico de 1,44 cd/m2 a 1,56 cd/m2 en el posquirúrgico. La prueba FMH-100 mejoró cuantitativa y cualitativamente (de 142,06 errores en el pre, bajó a 52,91 en la poscirugía); predominaron discriminadores promedios con 50 pacientes y 13 altos discriminadores; mejoró la estereopsia con y sin cristales después de la cirugía, lo que pudo cuantificarse. Conclusiones: hay una mejoría objetiva de la calidad visual después de la lensectomía refractiva en el paciente hipermétrope, demostrada en los resultados de la discriminación cromática, la estereopsia y la sensibilidad al contraste(AU)
Objective: describe visual quality results related to improved chromatic discrimination, stereopsis and contrast sensitivity after phaco-refractive surgery in hyperopic patients aged over 40 years, and determine whether substantial visual improvement is achieved in visual function parameters according to psychophysical studies. Methods: a prospective longitudinal descriptive study was conducted of 70 presbyopic hyperopic patients with good corrected vision undergoing surgery from January to December 2016 at the Microsurgery Service of "Ramón Pando Ferrer" Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology, who experienced subjective quality of life improvement on reducing their dependence on eyeglasses. Contrast sensitivity was evaluated with the Pelli-Robson chart, chromatic discrimination with the Farnsworth Munsell 100-Hue test and stereopsis with The Netherlands Organization test. Results: significant improvement was observed in all the tests performed. Contrast sensitivity rose from a preoperative mean of 1.44 cd/m2 to 1.56 cd/m2 in the postoperative period. Results of the FMH-100 test improved both quantitatively and qualitatively (from 142.06 errors in the preoperative period to 52.91 in the postoperative period); average discriminators prevailed with 50 patients and 13 high discriminators; stereopsis improved after surgery with and without glasses, which could be quantified. Conclusions: objective quality of life improvement is observed in hyperopic patients after refractive lensectomy, as is evidenced by chromatic discrimination, stereopsis and contrast sensitivity results(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Refractive Surgical Procedures/methods , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Prospective Studies , Longitudinal StudiesABSTRACT
Objetivos: Describir la calidad de vida relativa a la función visual en pacientes hipermétropes présbitas después de la extracción del cristalino con fines refractivos, así como las características sociodemográficas y los resultados refractivos pre y poscirugía. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y prospectivo a 70 pacientes hipermétropes présbitas, operados en el período de enero a diciembre del año 2016, a quienes se les aplicó el cuestionario NEI VFQ-25, por primera vez usado en Cuba, y que permitió conocer la respuesta clínica y el grado de satisfacción del paciente. Resultados: la edad promedio fue de 54,67 años; predominó el sexo femenino y la piel blanca. Hubo una mejoría evidente de la visión y de la calidad de vida mostrada en los resultados de todos los elementos explorados en la prueba realizada, los cuales fueron mejores en el posoperatorio. Fue un estudio clínico y estadísticamente significativo. Conclusiones: los pacientes hipermétropes présbitas, operados de lensectomía refractiva, mejoran clínica y estadísticamente su calidad visual y su calidad de vida relativa a la función visual. La prueba de calidad de vida relativa a la función visual utilizada permite evaluar ambos parámetros(AU)
Objectives: crystalline lens surgery has become refractive surgery. The present study is aimed at describing vision-related quality of life in presbyopic hyperopic patients after crystalline lens removal for refractive purposes, as well as the sociodemographic characteristics and refractive outcomes before and after surgery. Methods: a prospective longitudinal descriptive study was conducted of 70 presbyopic hyperopic patients undergoing surgery from January to December 2016, who were given the questionnaire NEI VFQ-25, used for the first time in Cuba, to obtain information about clinical response and degree of patient satisfaction. Results: mean age was 54.67 years; female sex and white skin prevailed. Results show obvious improvement in both vision and vision-related quality of life, made evident by the results of tests conducted in the postoperative period. The study was clinically and statistically significant. Conclusions: presbyopic hyperopic patients undergoing refractive lensectomy experience clinical and statistical improvement of their vision and vision-related quality of life. The vision-related quality of life test used allows evaluation of both parameters(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Quality of Life , Refractive Surgical Procedures/methods , Hyperopia/etiology , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Prospective Studies , Longitudinal StudiesABSTRACT
La cirugía refractiva es una subespecialidad que comprende todos los procedimientos quirúrgicos dirigidos a modificar la refracción ocular en sus distintas ametropías. Su finalidad es mejorar la agudeza visual no corregida y simultáneamente disminuir la dependencia de los anteojos o lentes de contacto. Existen diferentes opciones como son: los procedimientos queratorrefractivos y los implantes de lentes intraoculares, con extracción del cristalino (pseudofaquia) o en un ojo fáquico, entre la córnea y el cristalino. En ocasiones es necesaria la combinación de más de un procedimiento. Las lentes intraoculares fáquicas pueden dividirse en dos grupos: lentes de cámara anterior, que incluye las de soporte angular y las de fijación iridiana, y lentes de cámara posterior, que son las implantadas en surco. A diferencia de la cirugía láser sobre la córnea o de la cirugía del cristalino, la corrección de ametropías moderadas-severas mediante estas lentes permite mantener la acomodación, además de obtener una mejor calidad óptica, cierta reversibilidad del procedimiento y la posibilidad de mejorar defectos refractivos residuales mediante la cirugía corneal mínima. De ahí la motivación para realizar una búsqueda de diversos artículos publicados, con el objetivo de describir todos los tipos de lentes intraoculares en ojos fáquicos y sus ventajas. Se utilizó la plataforma Infomed, específicamente la Biblioteca Virtual de Salud, con todos sus buscadores(AU)
Refractive surgery is a subspecialty comprising all the surgical procedures aimed at modifying ocular refraction in its various ametropias. Its aim is to improve uncorrected visual acuity, reducing dependence on eyeglasses or contact lenses. There are different options, such as keratorefractive procedures and intraocular lens implantation, with removal of the crystalline lens (pseudophakia) or in phakic eyes, between the cornea and the crystalline lens. A combination of more than one procedure is sometimes required. Phakic intraocular lenses are divided into two groups: anterior chamber lenses, including the angle-supported and iris fixation types, and posterior chamber lenses, performed by sulcus implantation. Unlike laser corneal or crystalline lens surgery, correction of moderate-to-severe ametropia using these lenses makes it possible to retain accommodation, and provides better optical quality, a certain reversibility of the procedure, and the possibility of correcting residual refractive defects by minimum corneal surgery. Hence the motivation to conduct an updated search in various published papers with the purpose of describing all the types of phakic intraocular lenses and their advantages. Use was made of the Infomed platform, particularly the Virtual Health Library with all its search engines(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Refractive Surgical Procedures/methods , Lasers, Excimer/therapeutic use , Phakic Intraocular Lenses/adverse effects , Libraries, DigitalABSTRACT
Objetivo: comparar las queratometrías obtenidas por el Pentacam en ojos hipermétropes operados con excímer láser y la obtenida a través del método de la historia clínica, en el Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología Ramón Pando Ferrer, de marzo a junio del año 2011. Métodos: se realizó un estudio en 50 ojos de 25 pacientes hipermétropes operados con la técnica Lasik, donde se calculó la queratometría promedio mediante el método de la historia clínica y se comparó con los valores de la queratometría brindados por el Pentacam: valor del ápex corneal de los mapas a color (valor queratométrico total central) y la lectura queratométrica equivalente, así como el True Net Power (queratométrico total a 3,0 mm) y las equivalent K reading del programa Holladay Report. Se calculó la queratometría preoperatoria media de la historia clínica y se comparó con la queratometría preoperatoria estimada aportada por el Pentacam. El análisis estadístico se realizó con la Prueba T para datos pareados, utilizando una significación del 95 por ciento. Resultados: los valores entre los que no hubo diferencias estadísticas con respecto al obtenido por el método de la historia clínica fueron el equivalent K reading power y las lecturas queratométricas equivalentes a 3, 4 y 4,5 de diámetro. La más exacta fue la de 4,5 mm. Las queratometrías preoperatorias no mostraron diferencias. Conclusiones: el Pentacam aporta poderes corneales que no difirieren estadísticamente de los obtenidos por el método de historia clínica en ojos hipermétropes que tengan cirugía previa con excímer láser(AU)
Objective: to compare the keratometries estimated by Pentacan in hypermetropic eyes operated on with laser Excimer and those measured through the medical history method at Ramón Pando Ferrer Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology from March to June, 2011. Methods: a study was performed in 50 eyes from 25 hypermetropic patients operated on by Lasik technique, where average keratometry was estimated by using the medical history method and then compared with the Pentacam-estimated keratometry values such as corneal apex value of the colour maps (total central keratometric value) and equivalent K-reading power as well as the the true net power (total keratometric value at 3.0 mm) and the equivalent keratometric readings of the Holladay Report program. The preoperative mean keratometry of the medical history was then estimated and compared with the preoperative keratometry estimated with Pentacam. The statistical analysis was performed by using the T Test for paired data, with 95 percent significance. Results: among the keratometric values which did not show statistical differences when compared with those of the medical history method were the equivalent K-reading power and the equivalent keratometric readings at 3, 4 and 4.5 mm diameters, being that of 4.5 mm the most accurate.There were no differences among the preoperative keratometries. Conclusion: Pentacam provides corneal power estimations that did not statistically differ from the ones obtained by the clinical history method in hypermetropic eyes which had previously undergone Excimer laser surgery(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Hyperopia/surgery , Lasers, Excimer/history , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/methods , Refractive Surgical Procedures/methods , Statistics as TopicABSTRACT
Resumo Objetivo: Monovisão é um conceito que descreve a correção propositadamente desigual da visão de em um olho para longe e outro olho para perto, sendo utilizada principalmente para correção da presbiopia. O objetivo principal foi avaliar a satisfação dos pacientes com a cirurgia refrativa de monovisão avançada. Os objetivos secundários foram avaliar a necessidade de uso de óculos após a cirurgia, e analise do perfil dos participantes. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal observacional de série de casos baseado na revisão de prontuários de participantes submetidos a cirurgia refrativa de monovisão em uma clínica oftalmológica privada. A população estudada foi do tipo não-probabilistica com n de 50 participantes. A amostragem foi por conveniência, sendo selecionados os prontuários dos últimos 50 participantes que retornaram para consulta de revisão após a cirurgia refrativa realizada até novembro de 2016. Resultados: Foram analisados 50 prontuários. Quando questionados sobre a satisfação com o procedimento, a nota média atribuída foi 9,4 ± 0,6 dentro de uma escala de 0 a 10. Sobre a necessidade do uso de óculos após o procedimento, 92% dos pacientes referiram não necessitar. Os demais 8% que referiram utilizar eventualmente óculos para perto eram hipermetropes antes da cirurgia Conclusão: Concluímos que o índice de satisfação com a cirurgia de monovisão na amostra estudada foi alto e a maioria dos participantes referiu não necessitar de óculos após o procedimento. A amostra foi composta majoritariamente por mulheres com média de idade de 52 anos, hipermetropes, que realizaram a cirurgia em ambos os olhos. Nossa amostra foi distinta de outros estudos devido ao fato de incluirmos maior parte de participantes hipermetropes.
Abstract Objective: Monovision is a concept that describes the purposely unequal correction of vision from one eye to the other and eye to eye, and is mainly used to correct presbyopia. The main objective was to evaluate patients' satisfaction with advanced monovision refractive surgery. The secondary objectives were to evaluate the need for glasses after surgery, and to analyze the profile of the participants. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study of a series of cases was carried out based on the review of medical records of participants submitted to refractive surgery of monovision in a private ophthalmologic clinic. The population studied was of the non-probabilistic type with n of 50 participants. Sampling was for convenience, and the medical records of the last 50 participants who returned for revision consultation after refractive surgery performed until November 2016 were selected. Results: Fifty patients were analyzed. When questioned about satisfaction with the procedure, the mean score assigned was 9.4 ± 0.6 on a scale of 0 to 10. Regarding the need for glasses after the procedure, 92% of the patients reported not needing it. Conclusion: We concluded that the satisfaction index with monovision surgery in the sample studied was high and most of the participants reported that they did not require glasses after the procedure. The sample consisted mainly of women with mean age of 52 years, hypermetropes, who underwent surgery in both eyes. Our sample was different from other studies due to the fact that we included most participants with hypermetropes.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Presbyopia/surgery , Vision, Monocular , Patient Satisfaction , Refractive Surgical Procedures/methods , Presbyopia/diagnosis , Refraction, Ocular , Refractive Errors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Corneal Topography/instrumentation , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/methods , Eyeglasses , Lasers, Excimer/therapeutic use , Observational Study , Hyperopia/surgeryABSTRACT
Resumo O objetivo deste artigo foi reunir estudos que reportam resultados disponíveis na literatura científica, considerando a previsibilidade, segurança, eficácia, e estabilidade das lentes intraoculares fácicas de câmara posterior. E relatar as complicações documentadas para estas lentes. A revisão criteriosa dos estudos publicados na literatura ate o momento revelam resultado satisfatórios quanto à eficácia, elevada previsibilidade, estabilidade e segurança do implante de lente intraocular de câmara posterior, para correção das miopia, hipermetropia e astigmatismo.
Abstract The objective of this article was to gather studies that report results available in the scientific literature, considering the predictability, safety, efficacy, and stability of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lenses. And report the documented complications for these lenses.
Subject(s)
Humans , Refractive Errors , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/methods , Refractive Surgical Procedures/methods , Phakic Intraocular Lenses , Postoperative Complications , Refraction, Ocular/physiology , Astigmatism/surgery , Treatment Outcome , Posterior Eye Segment/surgery , Hyperopia/surgery , Myopia/surgeryABSTRACT
Los lentes de contacto esclerales o de apoyo escleral constituyen una de las opciones terapéuticas más relevantes en el tratamiento y corrección óptica de las enfermedades corneales primaria o secundarias, que traen como consecuencia alteraciones de la curvatura, de la regularidad de la superficie y de su transparencia. La evolución y el desarrollo de este tipo de lentes han abierto un diapasón de múltiples opciones para su uso. En la actualidad se prescriben por numerosos especialistas y ópticas del mundo con una gran aceptación y confort de los pacientes que los utilizan, lo que ha popularizado su comercialización. Realizamos una búsqueda de diversos artículos publicados en los últimos diez años para profundizar en el conocimiento de las características e indicaciones de los lentes de contacto esclerales(AU)
Scleral contact lenses or sclera support lenses are one of the most relevant therapeutic options in the treatment and optical correction of primary or secondary corneal diseases which result in alterations in the curvature, the regularity of surface and transparency. The development of this type of lenses has opened up a range of multiple options for their use. Nowadays, many specialists and optical centers worldwide prescribe them, with a great deal of acceptance by and comfort for the patients using them, and their marketing has become popular. A search of several articles published in the last ten years was made to expand the knowledge about the characteristics of and indications for the sclera contact lenses(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Contact Lenses , Keratoconus/therapy , Refractive Surgical Procedures/methods , Scientific and Technical PublicationsABSTRACT
Objetivo: describir los resultados de la cirugía bilateral secuencial inmediata del cristalino por facoemulsificación y su beneficio económico. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y longitudinal, en una muestra de 20 pacientes con catarata bilateral en el Servicio de Microcirugía Ocular del Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología Ramón Pando Ferrer, en el período de septiembre del año 2013 a septiembre de 2015. Se evaluaron la edad, el sexo, la dureza del cristalino según LOCS III y los resultados refractivos pre y posoperatorios. Resultados: se evidenció el predominio del sexo masculino con 11 pacientes para un 55,0 por ciento y una media de edad de 67,7 años en un rango de 28 a 87 años. El estudio aportó resultados significativos en la estadificación de LOCS III en el grupo de opalescencia nuclear y color nuclear 2 y 3 con un valor de 30,0 y 22,5 pr ciento, respectivamente. Los resultados refractivos mostraron mejoría significativa y la técnica produjo una reducción del costo. Conclusiones: la cirugía bilateral secuencial inmediata del cristalino por facoemulsificación es una técnica válida que permite obtener buenos resultados refractivos de forma casi inmediata, reduce el costo, aumenta el grado de satisfacción del paciente y le permite incorporarse a su vida habitual en un período de tiempo más corto(AU)
Objective: to describe the results of the immediate sequential bilateral surgery of the crystalline lens by using phacoemulsification technique and its economic advantages. Methods: Longitudinal, descriptive and observational study of 20 patients with bilateral cataract conducted at the Eye Microsurgery Service of Ramon Pando Ferrer Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology from September 2013 to September 2015. The evaluated variables were age, sex, crystalline lens hardness according to LOCS III and the pre and postoperative results. Results: Males predominated in the sample with 11 patients (55 percent) and the average age was 67.7 years for a range of 28-87 years. The study yielded significant results in the staging of LOCS III in terms of nuclear opalescence and nuclear color 2 and 3 with 30.0 and 22.5 percent, respectively. The refractive results showed significant improvement and the use of this technique brought cost savings. Conclusions: Immediate sequential bilateral surgery of the crystalline lens by using phacoemulsification technique represents a valuable method that allows achieving good refractive results almost immediately after surgery and the patient to return to his/her normal life in a shorter term(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Cataract Extraction/adverse effects , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/methods , Phacoemulsification/methods , Refractive Surgical Procedures/methods , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Longitudinal Studies , Observational StudyABSTRACT
Con el surgimiento y el desarrollo de la cirugía refractiva corneal se han podido corregir quirúrgicamente a millones de pacientes con defectos refractivos. Con el cursar de los años comienza a opacarse fisiológicamente el cristalino, y disminuye la agudeza visual en estos pacientes a quienes se les modificó la curvatura corneal. Ante la necesidad de remover el cristalino y de calcular una lente intraocular de potencia adecuada para conseguir la emetropía, surge un nuevo reto a la Oftalmología. El cálculo de la lente intraocular en pacientes con cirugía refractiva corneal es mucho más complejo, pues además de tener longitudes axiales extremas, se añaden factores por la intervención previa que alteran la predictibilidad del resultado visual, con la aplicación de las fórmulas de cálculo de lente intraocular existentes. Se han descrito varios métodos que permiten determinar correctamente la potencia de la lente a implantar, dependiendo de los datos de los que se dispongan; de ahí la motivación para realizar una revisión de diferentes publicaciones con el propósito de describir los principales métodos empleados para realizar el cálculo de la lente intraocular en estos pacientes. Se utilizó la plataforma Infomed, específicamente la Biblioteca Virtual de Salud, con todos sus buscadores(AU)
With the emergence and development of the corneal refractive surgery, the refractive defects of millions of patients have been surgically corrected. As time goes by, the physiological opacification of the crystalline lens begins, thus reducing the visual acuity of those patients whose corneal curvature has been modified. Should the crystalline lens be modified and should the intraocular lens power be adequately calculated to achieve emetropia, ophthalmology faces then a new challenge. The intraocular lens calculation in patients with corneal refractive surgery is much more complex since, in addition to extreme axial lengths, there are factors derived from the previous surgery that alter predictability of the visual result, with the use of existing intraocular lens calculation formulae. Several methods have been so far described, which allow correctly determining the lens power to be implanted, depending on available data. This was the main reason for making a review of different publications to describe the main methods for intraocular lens calculation in these patients. Infomed platform, mainly the virtual library of health, was used with all its searchers(AU)