Utilidad y confiabilidad del cuestionario PreViAs para la evaluación de la visión en neonatos y lactantes turcos / The utility and reliability of the PreViAs questionnaire for the assessment of vision in Turkish neonates and infants

Introducción. La evaluación de la visión en los niños durante el periodo preverbal, con un método fácil de usar y basado en la evidencia, permitiría el diagnóstico temprano y la intervención en los trastornos visuales. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la utilidad y confiabilidad de la versión en idioma turco del cuestionario Preverbal Visual Assessment (PreViAs), desarrollado para evaluar la visión en niños preverbales. Población y métodos. El cuestionario PreViAs se administró a los cuidadores primarios de niños nacidos de término, antes de los 24 meses de edad. Se registraron sus respuestas. Resultados. Se analizaron los datos de 278 participantes para evaluar la consistencia interna del cuestionario PreViAs. Se encontró un alto nivel de consistencia con un alfa de Cronbach de 0,958 para el puntaje total, lo que sugiere una fuerte coherencia interna. Los valores del alfa de Cronbach para cada dominio fueron: 0,890 ­ 0,913 ­ 0,951 y 0,922 para la atención visual, la comunicación visual, el procesamiento visual y la coordinación visomotora respectivamente; esto indica una buena consistencia interna para cada subdominio. Conclusión. La versión en idioma turco del cuestionario PreViAs es útil y confiable para evaluar la visión durante el periodo preverbal.

Introduction: Evaluating the visual functions of children with an easy-to-use and evidence-based method during the preverbal period will enable early diagnosis and intervention of visual impairments. The aim of this study is to determine the utility and reliability of the Turkish version of the Preverbal Visual Assessment (PreViAs) questionnaire, which was developed to evaluate the visual functioning of preverbal infants. Population and Methods: The PreViAs questionnaire was administered to primary caregivers of term infants under 24 months of age, and their responses were recorded. Results: Data from the 278 participating infants were analyzed to assess the internal consistency of the PreViAs questionnaire. Results showed a high level of consistency with Cronbach's alpha value of 0.958 for the total score, suggesting strong internal coherence. In addition, the Cronbach's alpha values for each domain were 0.890, 0.913, 0.951, and 0.922 for visual attention, visual communication, visual processing, and visual-motor coordination, respectively, indicating good internal consistency for each subdomain. Conclusion: The Turkish version of the PreViAs questionnaire is useful and reliable for assessing functional vision during the preverbal period.

Ablación de venas pulmonares con campo pulsado: avances y perspectivas / Pulsed-field pulmonary vein ablation: advances and perspectives

It is presented as an innovative technique in the treatment of atrial fibrillation, with the aim of improving the quality of life of affected patients. OBJECTIVES: The study aims to describe the ablation procedure using the Boston Scientific System Farapulse medical equipment and analyze the results in a specific clinical case. METHODS: A pulmonary vein ablation procedure was performed using the aforementioned equipment. Details of the procedure were recorded, including catheter placement and applications performed in each pulmonary vein. RESULTS: Good tolerance was observed by the patient during the procedure, with an adequate number of applications in each pulmonary vein. Postablation electrocardiogram showed no significant abnormalities, suggesting electrical stability of the heart. It is concluded that the pulsed field pulmonary vein ablation technique using the Boston Scientific System medical equipment is safe and effective in the treatment of atrial fibrillation.

Se presenta como una técnica innovadora en el tratamiento de la fibrilación auricular, con el objetivo de mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes afectados. OBJETIVOS: El estudio tiene como objetivo describir el procedimiento de ablación utilizando el equipo médico Boston Scientific System Farapulse y analizar los resultados en un caso clínico específico. Métodos: Se realizó un procedimiento de ablación de venas pulmonares utilizando el equipo mencionado. Se registraron los detalles del procedimiento, incluyendo la colocación de catéteres y las aplicaciones realizadas en cada vena pulmonar. RESULTADOS: Se observó una buena tolerancia por parte del paciente durante el procedimiento, con un número adecuado de aplicaciones en cada vena pulmonar. El electrocardiograma postablación no mostró anomalías significativas, lo que sugiere una estabilidad eléctrica del corazón. Se concluye que la técnica de ablación de venas pulmonares con campo pulsado utilizando el equipo médico Boston Scientific System es segura y eficaz en el tratamiento de la fibrilación auricular.

Versión argentina de la herramienta de evaluación de la alimentación pediátrica PediEAT / Argentine version of the PediEAT, a pediatric eating assessment tool

Introducción. Durante la infancia, los niños pueden experimentar algún grado de dificultad al comer. Existe una herramienta, desarrollada en Estados Unidos, de evaluación de la alimentación pediátrica (PediEAT), que permite identificar síntomas problemáticos. Objetivo. Realizar una adaptación transcultural para una versión argentina, con adecuación cultural y equivalencia semántica respecto a su versión original. Población y métodos. Se utilizó una versión autoadministrada del PediEAT que fue respondida por familias y/o cuidadores de niños de 6 meses a 7 años. Se realizó una primera fase de evaluación de validez del contenido con un grupo de expertos. Luego, una fase de pretest con familias mediante entrevistas cognitivas para comprobar la comprensión de las palabras y frases. Se realizaron las modificaciones necesarias para que quedara adaptada al contexto. Resultados. En la fase de evaluación de validez del contenido con el grupo de 8 expertos, de los 80 ítems se modificaron 36. En el pretest, se realizaron entrevistas cognitivas a 18 cuidadores; se realizaron cambios en 11 ítems para mejorar la comprensión por parte de la población argentina. La versión argentina fue aprobada por los autores originales. Conclusiones. El instrumento PediEAT versión argentina resulta lingüísticamente equivalente a su versión original, lo que permite su uso para la detección de problemáticas alimentarias en niños.

Introduction. During childhood, children may experience some degree of difficulty eating. A tool (PediEAT) has been developed in the United States and is available to assess pediatric eating and to identify problematic symptoms. Objective. To obtain an Argentine version that is transculturally adapted, culturally adequate, and semantically equivalent to the original version. Population and methods. A self-administered version of the PediEAT was used and completed by families and/or caregivers of children aged 6 months to 7 years. In the first phase, content validity was assessed by a group of experts. This was followed by a pre-test phase with families using cognitive interviews to test word and phrase comprehension. The necessary changes were made to obtain a version adapted to the context. Results. The tool's content validity was assessed by a group of 8 experts; as a result, 36 of the 80 items were changed. During the pre-test phase, cognitive interviews were conducted with 18 caregivers; 11 items were changed to improve comprehension by the Argentine population. The Argentine version was approved by the original authors. Conclusions. The Argentine version of the PediEAT tool is linguistically equivalent to the original version, and this allows its use to screen for feeding problems in children.

Protocolo de validación del instrumento Examen Dental Preventivo del Adulto Mayor / Validation protocol for the Preventive Dental Examination of the Elderly instrument

Los desafíos del envejecimiento de la población y la acumulación de daño oral nos obligan a desarrollar herramientas diagnosticas validas y confiables que nos permitan caracterizar a la población, evaluar sus necesidades terapéuticas, planificar intervenciones significativas y realizar seguimiento de su condición. Con este propósito realizamos una revisión sistemática de la literatura relevante para establecer una metódica secuencial para la validación de la herramienta diagnostica Examen Dental Preventivo del Adulto Mayor. Seleccionamos 48 artículos relevantes, cuya heterogeneidad impidió la realización de un metaanálisis. Sin embargo, los artículos seleccionados fueron sometidos a una síntesis cuantitativa analítica, que nos permitió identificar los dominios y estrategias relevantes para la validación y proponer un protocolo de cinco fases secuenciales que presentamos en extenso en el presente artículo.

The challenges of population aging and the accumulation of oral damage force us to develop valid and reliable diagnostic tools to characterize the population, evaluate their therapeutic needs, plan significant interventions, and monitor their condition post treatment. We carried out a systematic review of the relevant literature to establish a sequential method for the validation of the Preventive Dental Examination of the Elderly diagnostic tool. We selected 48 relevant articles, whose heterogeneity prevented us from performing a meta-analysis. However, the selected articles were subjected to an analytical quantitative synthesis, which allowed us to identify the relevant domains and strategies for validation and then propose a protocol of five sequential phases that we present in detail in this article.

Construcción y validación de un cuestionario sobre actitudes hacia la higiene de manos / Construction and validation of a questionnaire on attitudes towards hand hygiene

INTRODUCCIÓN: La higiene de manos es la medida más eficaz para prevenir las infecciones asociadas al cuidado de la salud. Las actitudes hacia esta práctica tan sencilla, influyen en el grado de adherencia. OBJETIVO: Desarrollar y validar un instrumento para evaluar las actitudes hacia la higiene de manos en estudiantes de Licenciatura en Enfermería. MÉTODO: Se realizó un estudio observacional y de corte transversal. Una vez construido el instrumento se realizó la validez de contenido mediante el juicio de expertos. Para la validez de constructo se realizó análisis factorial exploratorio. Posteriormente se calculó la confiabilidad, que incluyó la consistencia interna y la estabilidad del cuestionario. RESULTADOS: Participaron 313 estudiantes de Licenciatura en Enfermería de ocho universidades de Argentina. Se calculó el Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO = 0,720) y se obtuvo una prueba de esfericidad de Bartlett significativa (x2 = 831,2; = 0,000). El análisis factorial exploratorio determinó la existencia de un único factor. El modelo explicó el 54% de la varianza. Se utilizó la implementación mejorada de la estimación Bayesiana EAP integrada en el programa FACTOR, que fue de 0,85 y se realizó test-retest utilizando análisis de correlación que arrojó un r = 0,64 (p ≤ 0,001). CONCLUSIONES: El cuestionario sobre actitudes hacia la higiene de manos (CAHM) presenta una adecuada validez y confiablidad, por lo que puede ser utilizado para indagar sobre este factor predisponente de adherencia hacia la higiene de manos.

BACKGROUND: Hand hygiene is the most effective measure to prevent health care-associated infections. Attitudes towards this simple practice influence the level of adherence. AIM: To develop and validate an instrument for the evaluation of attitudes towards hand hygiene in nursing students. METHOD: An observational and cross-sectional study was carried out. Once the instrument was constructed, content validity was carried out through expert judgment. For construct validity, exploratory factor analysis was performed. Subsequently, the analysis of construct validity and reliability was calculated, which included the internal consistency and stability of the questionnaire. RESULTS: 313 Nursing undergraduate students from 8 universities in Argentina participated. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO = 0.720) was calculated, and a significant Bartlett sphericity test was obtained (x2 = 831.2; = 0.000). The exploratory factor analysis determined the existence of a single factor. The model explained 54% of the variance. The improved implementation of the Bayesian EAP estimation integrated in the FACTOR program was used, which was 0.85; and test-retest was also performed using correlation analysis that yielded r = 0.64 (p ≤ 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The Questionnaire on attitudes towards hand hygiene (CAHM) has adequate validity and reliability, so it can be used to investigate this predisposing factor of adherence to hand hygiene.

Tradução e adaptação transcultural do questionário "Barriers to Being Active Quiz (BBAQ)'' para a língua portuguesa brasileira / Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the questionnaire "Barriers to Being Active Quiz (BBAQ)" into Brazilian Portuguese language

Objetivou-se nesse estudo a tradução e validação transcultural do questionário Barriers to Being Active Quiz (BBAQ) para adolescentes brasileiros. Foram realizadas as seguintes etapas: (1) tradução do questionário original em inglês para o português; (2) resolução de divergências entre a versão 1 e a versão 2 e criação da versão síntese; (3) retrotradução para o inglês; (4) revisão e avaliação do comitê de especialistas, construção da versão pré-teste; e (5) pré-teste com a avaliação da compreensão por uma amostra (n = 30) da população-alvo. A versão final do BBAQ possui 21 questões. O questionário foi considerado de fácil entendimento por 70,0% dos adolescentes e os outros 30,0% dos adolescentes avaliaram o entendimento e a dificuldade de compreensão do questionário como moderado. Nenhum adolescente considerou o questionário como de difícil compreensão. O tempo médio para o preenchimento do BBAQ foi de 11 min (IC 95% = 9 ­ 12). O valor geral do Alfa de Cronbach com base nos itens padronizados do questionário foi de 0,86. O estudo apresentou evidências satisfatórias de validade e confiabilidade. Portanto, recomenda-se a utilização da adaptação transcultural do BBAQ para a avaliação de barreiras à prática de atividade física em adolescentes brasileiros.

The aim of the study was to perform the translation and cross-cultural validation of the Barriers to Being Active Quiz (BBAQ) questionnaire for Brazilian adolescents. The following steps were taken: (1) transla-tion of the original questionnaire from English to Portuguese; (2) resolution of discrepancies between version 1 and version 2 and creation of a synthesis version; (3) back-translation from Portuguese to English; (4) review and evaluation by an expert committee, construction of the pre-test version; and (5) pre-testing with comprehension assessment by a sample (n = 30) of the target population. The final version of the BBAQ com-prises 21 questions. The questionnaire was considered easy to understand by 70,0% of adolescents, while the remaining 30,0% rated the questionnaire's understanding and comprehension difficulty as moderate. None of the participants rated the questionnaire as difficult to understand. The average time for completing the BBAQ was 11 minutes (CI 95% = 9 ­ 12). The overall Cronbach's Alpha value, based on the standardized questionnaire items, was 0.86. The study presented satisfactory evidence of validity and reliability. There-fore, we recommend the use of the cross-cultural adaptation of the BBAQ for assessing barriers to physical activity among Brazilian adolescents.

Incontinencia urinaria en trabajadoras de la salud como factor predisponente de presentismo en Chile: estudio exploratorio de método mixto / Urinary incontinence in health workers as a predisposing factor for presenteeism in Chile: a mixed-methods exploratory study

INTRODUCCIÓN: La incontinencia urinaria impacta de forma negativa la calidad de vida de quienes la padecen y puede perjudicar las actividades laborales, siendo causante de presentismo en las profesionales de salud. Esto puede implicar la disminución en la calidad de la atención y seguridad de la/el paciente. El objetivo del presente estudio es explorar la autopercepción de las trabajadoras de salud que padecen incontinencia urinaria como factor predisponente de presentismo. MÉTODOS: Estudio mixto de carácter exploratorio-descriptivo. La muestra fue seleccionada de forma no probabilística e intencionada por criterio y conveniencia con un tamaño de 14 voluntarias, considerando la saturación de la información. Para el proceso y análisis de datos temáticos se consideraron los criterios de confiabilidad definidos por Guba. RESULTADOS: Muestra con edad media de 38,9 + 7,1 años y un puntaje de SPS-6 medio de 15,8 + 3,5 puntos, mostrando mayor alteración en la dimensión de evitar la desconcentración. Las narrativas presentes en el caso estudiado aportaron información relevante de cómo la incontinencia urinaria afecta el desempeño laboral de las trabajadoras de salud a través de la interrupción en su jornada, disminución en la calidad de la atención clínica, como también el aumento de su ansiedad respecto a su entorno. CONCLUSIONES: Dado que la incontinencia urinaria y el presentismo son experiencias subjetivas y multidimensionales, al igual que el efecto negativo en el desempeño laboral, se recomienda un estudio que permita identificar variables predictoras y las pérdidas económicas asociadas a esta condición. Con ello se buscaría establecer mejoras en el ambiente laboral, así como en el autocuidado de funcionarias, procurando mayores beneficios y mejores niveles de eficiencia en la organización.

INTRODUCTION: Urinary incontinence negatively impacts the quality of life and can harm work activities, causing presenteeism in health professionals and decreasing the quality of care and patient safety. The objective of this study is to explore the self-perception of health workers who suffer from urinary incontinence as a predisposing factor for presenteeism. METHODS: Mixed study of an exploratory-descriptive nature. The sample was selected in a non-probabilistic and intentional way by criterion and convenience with a size of 14 volunteers, considering the saturation of the information. Reliability criteria defined by Guba for the process and analysis of thematic data were considered. RESULTS: The sample had a mean age of 38.9 + 7.1 years and a mean SPS-6 score of 15.8 + 3.5 points, showing alteration in the dimension of avoiding deconcentration. The narratives in the case study provide relevant information on how urinary incontinence affects the work performance of health workers through the interruption in their day, decreases the quality of clinical care, and increases their anxiety regarding their environment. CONCLUSIONS: Urinary incontinence and presenteeism are subjective, and multidimensional experiences affect work performance. Therefore, further studies are recommended to identify predictor variables and the economic losses associated with this condition to establish improvements in the work environment and the self-care of female employees seeking greater benefits and better levels of efficiency in the organization.

Validación de cuestionarios para la medición de variables en salud: conceptos fundamentales / Validation of questionnaires for the measurement of health variables: fundamental concepts

Dentro de la práctica clínica, así como en la salud poblacional, es habitual utilizar cuestionarios que permiten evaluar condiciones o variables que no son directamente observables. No obstante, la construcción y validación de estos instrumentos o cuestionarios suele ser poco conocida. El objetivo de esta revisión narrativa es sintetizar de manera general el proceso de construcción y validación de estos cuestionarios, para así tener una mejor comprensión de este proceso, de los aspectos que se evalúan y de la mejor forma de utilizarlos. La validación de cuestionarios corresponde a un proceso de análisis de este, cuya finalidad es medir una variable latente o constructo, así como sus dimensiones, las que no pueden ser observadas directamente. Una variable latente puede ser inferida a través de un conjunto de atributos específicos que forman parte de ella, como los ítems de un cuestionario y que sí son observables. En este artículo se abordan de manera teórica los conceptos fundamentales de validación de cuestionarios o test, variables latentes o constructos, estudio de la confiabilidad y de la validez, así como los factores que afectan a estas dos últimas características, a través de una revisión narrativa. En el texto, se presentan ejemplos sobre estos conceptos.

In clinical practice and population health, it is common to use questionnaires to assess conditions or variables that are not directly observable. However, the construction and validation of these instruments or questionnaires are often poorly understood. This narrative review aims to summarize in a general way the process of construction and validation of these questionnaires in order to have a better understanding of this process, the aspects that are evaluated, and the best way to use them. The validation of questionnaires corresponds to a process of analysis of the questionnaire, aiming to measure a latent variable and its dimensions, which cannot be observed directly. A latent variable can be inferred through a set of specific attributes that are part of it, such as the items of a questionnaire, which are observable. Through a narrative review, this article addresses the fundamental concepts of questionnaire or test validation, latent variables or constructs, reliability and validity studies, and the factors that theoretically affect the latter two characteristics. Examples of these concepts are presented in the text.

Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Reliability and Construct Validity of the FACT-EGFRI-18 Quality of Life Instrument from English into Portuguese / Tradução, Adaptação Transcultural, Confiabilidade e Validade de Construto do Instrumento de Qualidade de Vida FACT-EGFRI-18 do Inglês para o Português / Traducción, Adaptación Transcultural, Confiabilidad y Validez de Constructo del Instrumento de Calidad de Vida FACT-EGFRI-18 del Inglés al Portugués

Introduction: Adverse epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) dermatological events affect many patients and can impair the patient's quality of life (QoL), leading to dose reduction or discontinuation of therapy. Objective: To carry out the translation, cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of the Functional Evaluation of Cancer Therapy - Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitor 18 (FACT-EGFRI-18) to be utilized in Portuguese. Method: Study to evaluate the cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and construct validation of the FACT-EGFRI-18 translated into Portuguese. To evaluate cross-cultural adaptation, semantic analysis was performed by ten patients and content analysis by experts. Reliability was assessed by internal consistency analysis using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Construct validity was determined by the correlation between the translated FACT-EGFRI-18 and the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) answered by 30 participants with cancer undergoing treatment with EGFR. A descriptive analysis of the study population was performed and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated to determine the internal consistency of the Portuguese version of the FACTEGFRI-18 and Pearson's demonstration coefficient was applied to determine the transparency between the questionnaires. ANOVA test was performed to compare the mean FACT-EGFRI-18 score according to demographic variables. Results: The semantic evaluation showed that all the participants understood the items of the translated questionnaire, which revealed strong internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89) and validity (Pearson's correlation = 0.66). Conclusion: The FACT-EGFRI-18 was easily understood by the patients and the results support its reliability and validity

Introdução: Eventos dermatológicos adversos do receptor do fator de crescimento epidérmico (EGFR) afetam muitos pacientes e podem prejudicar a sua qualidade de vida (QV), levando à redução da dose ou à descontinuação da terapia. Objetivo: Realizar a tradução, adaptação transcultural, confiabilidade e validade do Functional Evaluation of Cancer Therapy - Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitor 18 (FACT-EGFRI-18) para uso em português. Método: Estudo para avaliar a adaptação transcultural, a fidedignidade e a validação de construto do FACT-EGFRI-18 traduzido para o português. Para avaliar a adaptação transcultural, foram realizadas a análise semântica por dez pacientes e a análise do conteúdo por especialistas. A fidedignidade foi avaliada pela análise de consistência interna utilizando o coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. A validade do construto foi determinada pela correlação entre o FACT-EGFRI-18 traduzido e o Índice de Qualidade de Vida em Dermatologia (DLQI), respondidos por 30 participantes com câncer em tratamento com EGFR. Foi realizada a análise descritiva da população do estudo, o coeficiente alfa de Cronbach foi calculado para determinar a consistência interna da versão em português do FACT-EGFRI-18, e o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson aplicado para determinar a correlação entre os questionários. O teste ANOVA foi realizado para comparar a média do escore FACT-EGFRI-18 de acordo com as variáveis demográficas. Resultados: A avaliação semântica mostrou que houve compreensão dos itens do questionário traduzido por todos os participantes; o questionário apresentou forte consistência interna (alfa de Cronbach = 0,89) e validade (correlação de Pearson = 0,66). Conclusão: O FACT-EGFRI-18 demonstrou ser facilmente compreendido pelos pacientes e os resultados apoiam a sua confiabilidade e validade

Introducción: Los eventos dermatológicos adversos del receptor del factor de crecimiento epidérmico (EGFR) afectan a muchos pacientes y pueden afectar la su calidad de vida (CdV), lo que lleva a una reducción de la dosis o la interrupción del tratamiento. Objetivo: Realizar la traducción, adaptación transcultural, confiabilidad y validez de la Functional Evaluation of Cancer Therapy - Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitor 18 (FACT-EGFRI-18) para su uso en portugués. Método: Estudio para evaluar la adaptación transcultural, confiabilidad y validación de constructo del FACT-EGFRI-18 traducido al portugués. Para evaluar la adaptación transcultural, el análisis semántico fue realizado por diez pacientes y el análisis de contenido por expertos. La confiabilidad se evaluó mediante análisis de consistencia interna utilizando el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. La validez de constructo se determinó mediante la correlación entre el FACT-EGFRI-18 traducido y el Índice de Calidad de Vida en Dermatología (DLQI) respondido por 30 participantes con cáncer en tratamiento con EGFR. Se realizó el análisis descriptivo de la población del estudio y se calculó el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach para determinar la consistencia interna de la versión traducida de FACT-EGFRI-18 y el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson se aplicó para determinar la correlación entre los cuestionarios. Se realizó la prueba ANOVA para comparar la puntuación media FACT-EGFRI-18 según variables demográficas. Resultados: La evaluación semántica mostró que todos los participantes entendieron los ítems traducidos del cuestionario; el cuestionario mostró una fuerte consistencia interna (alfa de Cronbach = 0,89) y validez (correlación de Pearson = 0,66). Conclusión: Los pacientes entendieron fácilmente el FACT-EGFRI-18 y los resultados respaldan su confiabilidad y validez

Artificial intelligence-based analysis of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte spatial distribution for colorectal cancer prognosis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Artificial intelligence (AI) technology represented by deep learning has made remarkable achievements in digital pathology, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. The spatial distribution of CD3 + and CD8 + T cells within the tumor microenvironment has been demonstrated to have a significant impact on the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to investigate CD3 CT (CD3 + T cells density in the core of the tumor [CT]) prognostic ability in patients with CRC by using AI technology.@*METHODS@#The study involved the enrollment of 492 patients from two distinct medical centers, with 358 patients assigned to the training cohort and an additional 134 patients allocated to the validation cohort. To facilitate tissue segmentation and T-cells quantification in whole-slide images (WSIs), a fully automated workflow based on deep learning was devised. Upon the completion of tissue segmentation and subsequent cell segmentation, a comprehensive analysis was conducted.@*RESULTS@#The evaluation of various positive T cell densities revealed comparable discriminatory ability between CD3 CT and CD3-CD8 (the combination of CD3 + and CD8 + T cells density within the CT and invasive margin) in predicting mortality (C-index in training cohort: 0.65 vs. 0.64; validation cohort: 0.69 vs. 0.69). The CD3 CT was confirmed as an independent prognostic factor, with high CD3 CT density associated with increased overall survival (OS) in the training cohort (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.12-0.38, P <0.001) and validation cohort (HR = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.05-0.92, P = 0.037).@*CONCLUSIONS@#We quantify the spatial distribution of CD3 + and CD8 + T cells within tissue regions in WSIs using AI technology. The CD3 CT confirmed as a stage-independent predictor for OS in CRC patients. Moreover, CD3 CT shows promise in simplifying the CD3-CD8 system and facilitating its practical application in clinical settings.

Scale development and validation of perimenopausal women disability index in the workplace

BACKGROUND@#Menopausal disorders include obscure symptomatology that greatly reduce work productivity among female workers. Quantifying the impact of menopause-related symptoms on work productivity is very difficult because no such guidelines exist to date. We aimed to develop a scale of overall health status for working women in the perimenopausal period.@*METHODS@#In September, 2021, we conducted an Internet web survey which included 3,645 female workers aged 45-56 years in perimenopausal period. We asked the participants to answer 76 items relevant to menopausal symptomatology, that were created for this study and performed exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses for the scale development. Cronbach's alpha, receiver operating characteristic analysis, and logistic regression analysis were used to verify the developed scale.@*RESULTS@#Approximately 85% participants did not have menstruation or disrupted cycles. Explanatory factor analysis using the maximum likelihood method and Promax rotation identified 21 items with a four-factor structure: psychological symptoms (8 items, α = 0.96); physiological symptoms (6 items, alpha = 0.87); sleep difficulty (4 items, alpha = 0.92); human relationship (3 items, alpha = 0.92). Confirmatory factor analyses found excellent model fit for the four-factor model (RMSR = 0.079; TLI = 0.929; CFI = 0.938). Criterion and concurrent validity were confirmed with high correlation coefficients between each of the four factors, previously validated menopausal symptom questionnaire, and Copenhagen Burnout Inventory scales, respectively (all ps < 0.0001). The developed scale was able to predict absenteeism with 78% sensitivity, 58% specificity, and an AUC of 0.727 (95%CI: 0.696-0.757). Higher scores of each factor as well as total score of the scale were more likely to be associated with work absence experience due to menopause-related symptoms even after adjusting for Copenhagen Burnout Inventory subscales (all ps < 0.0001).@*CONCLUSION@#We found that the developed scale has high validity and reliability and could be a significant indicator of absenteeism for working women in perimenopausal period.

An evaluation of carrier detection for Spinal muscular atrophy using digital PCR assay / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To assess the effectiveness and feasibility of carrier detection for Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) by using digital PCR assay.@*METHODS@#Peripheral blood samples were collected from 214 pregnant women who were routinely screened for SMA carriers, of which 204 were randomly selected samples and 10 were samples with known copy numbers of SMN1 exons 7 and 8. Samples with known copy numbers of SMN1 exons 7 and 8 were randomly mixed into the experiment to validate the performance of the digital PCR assay.@*RESULTS@#The copy numbers of SMN1 exons 7 and 8 and SMN2 exons 7 and 8 in peripheral blood samples were detected by digital PCR assay. The results of SMN1 exons 7 and 8 were compared with those of the quantitative PCR method to assess the reliability and clinical performance of the digital PCR assay. Among the 204 random samples, digital PCR has detected five samples with simultaneous heterozygous deletion of SMN1 exons 7 and 8, three samples with heterozygous deletion of SMN1 exon 8 only, and 196 samples with no deletion of SMN1 exons 7 and 8. Ten samples with known SMN1 exons 7 and 8 copy numbers were detected with the expected values. The digital PCR test results were fully consistent with that of the quantitative PCR.@*CONCLUSION@#The results of digital PCR for the detection of copy number variation of SMN1 exons 7 and 8 were consistent with qPCR. Digital PCR assay was able to clearly distinguish the copy number of the target genes, therefore can be used for SMA carrier screening. Moreover, it can also detect copy number of SMN2 exons 7 and 8, which can provide more information for genetic counseling.

Fathering children aged from 2 to 10: psychometric properties of the IFI-BR-27 / Paternidade com filhos entre 2 e 10 anos de idade: propriedades psicométricas do IFI-BR-27 / Paternidad con hijos de entre 2 y 10 años: propiedades psicométricas del IFI-BR-27

The Inventory of Father Involvement (IFI) was developed to examine paternal involvement among men with children from 5 to 10 years of age. However, father involvement affects child development starting in the child's infancy. In Brazil, a revised version of the instrument (called the IFI-BR-27) was developed to use with fathers of children in a wider age group (2 to 10 years). Thus, in this study we aimed to investigate evidence for validity of this revised version based on internal structure, measurement invariance, and evidence of convergent validity. For this purpose, 572 Brazilian fathers completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the IFI-BR-27, and either the Father Engagement Questionnaire (FEQ; for fathers of children in early childhood education settings) or the Inventory of Parenting Practices (IPP; for fathers of children in elementary school). Results of confirmatory factor analyses indicated the plausibility of a second-order internal structure for the IFI-BR-27 (χ 2 / df = 3.526; CFI = .937; TLI = .929; RMSEA = .066). Composite reliability for the nine factors varied from .65 to .84. Invariance analyses indicated that the structure is independent of the child's educational setting. Evidence of convergent validity was also found ( r = .67 - FEQ; r = .58 - IPP). Therefore, the IFI-BR-27 is an adequate tool to assess the quality of father involvement for fathers of children in preschool or elementary school. The IFI-BR-27 can contribute to further scientific research, aiding in longitudinal studies, as well as helping professionals to evaluate and encourage specific dimensions of father involvement.(AU)

O Inventory of Father Involvement (IFI) foi desenvolvido para avaliar o envolvimento paterno de homens com filhos de 5 a 10 anos. No entanto, envolvimento paterno afeta o desenvolvimento de crianças desde a primeira infância. No Brasil, uma versão revisada dessa medida (chamada de IFI-BR-27) foi desenvolvida para uso com pais de crianças em uma faixa etária mais ampla (2 a 10 anos). O objetivo deste estudo foi, portanto, investigar evidências de validade dessa versão revisada com base na estrutura interna, invariância de medida e evidências de validade convergente. Para isso, 572 pais brasileiros preencheram um questionário sociodemográfico, o IFI-BR-27 e o Questionário de Engajamento Paterno (QEP; para pais com filhos no Ensino Infantil) e o Inventário de Práticas Parentais (IPP; para pais com filhos no Ensino Fundamental 1). Os resultados de análises fatoriais confirmatórias indicaram a plausibilidade de uma estrutura interna de segunda ordem para o IFI-BR-27 (χ 2 / gl = 3,526; CFI = 0,937; TLI = 0,929; RMSEA = 0,066). A confiabilidade composta para os nove fatores variou de 0,65 a 0,84. Análises de invariância indicaram que a estrutura é independente do ciclo escolar da criança. Também foram encontradas evidências de validade convergente ( r = 0,67 - QEP; r = 0,58 - IPP). Assim, considera-se o IFI-BR-27 uma medida adequada para avaliar a qualidade do envolvimento paterno de pais de crianças do Ensino Infantil ao Fundamental 1. O IFI-BR-27 poderá contribuir para melhorias científicas, viabilizando estudos longitudinais e ajudando profissionais a avaliar e promover dimensões específicas do envolvimento paterno.(AU)

El Inventory of Father Involvement (IFI) se desarrolló para evaluar la participación paterna en la crianza de hijos de entre 5 y 10 años de edad. Es sabido que la participación paterna contribuye al desarrollo infantil desde la primera infancia. En Brasil, una versión brasileña de este instrumento (la IFI-BR-27) se desarrolló para aplicarse a padres con hijos de un grupo de edad más amplio (de 2 a 10 años). Este estudio tuvo por objetivo comprobar evidencia de validez de esta versión revisada con base en la estructura interna, la invariancia del instrumento y la evidencia de validez convergente. Para ello, 572 padres brasileños completaron un cuestionario sociodemográfico, el IFI-BR-27 y el Cuestionario de Involucramiento Paterno (CIP; para padres de niños en el jardín de infantes) y el Inventario de Prácticas Parentales (IPP; para padres de niños en la primaria). Los resultados de los análisis factoriales confirmatorios indicaron la plausibilidad de una estructura interna de segundo orden para el IFI-BR-27 (χ 2 / gl = 3,526; CFI = 0,937; TLI = 0,929; RMSEA =0,066). La confiabilidad compuesta para los nueve factores varió de 0,65 a 0,84. Los análisis de invariancia indicaron que la estructura es independiente del ciclo educativo del niño. También se encontró evidencia de validez convergente ( r =0,67 - CIP; r = 0,58 - IPP). Por lo tanto, el IFI-BR-27 es un instrumento adecuado para evaluar la calidad de participación paterna de padres con hijos en edad preescolar o en la primaria. El IFI-BR-27 permitirá un mayor desarrollo científico, permitiendo estudios longitudinales y ayudando a los profesionales a evaluar y fomentar dimensiones específicas de participación paterna.(AU)

Alma Gêmea: Adaptação da Romantic Beliefs Scale / Alma gemela: Adaptación de la Romantic Beliefs Scale / Soul mate: Adaptation of the Romantic Beliefs Scale

A Romantic Beliefs Scale (RBS) foi desenvolvida para acessar crenças sobre romantismo, que podem impactar na formação e qualidade de relacionamentos românticos. Tais crenças podem ser acessadas por meio de quatro fatores que representam o amor romântico ideal, sendo elas: Um e único, Idealização, Amor à primeira vista e Amor encontra uma maneira. Este estudo buscou evidências de validade para a RBS em um contexto brasileiro baseadas na estrutura interna e relações com as variáveis satisfação com o relacionamento e personalidade (Cinco Grandes Fatores e Investimento Emocional). Responderam a um questionário on-line 818 brasileiros com média de idade de 30,7 anos (DP= 14,1), sendo 73,2% mulheres. A escala apresentou evidências de validade baseadas na estrutura interna do instrumento e na relação com outras variáveis, e melhor ajuste a um modelo de fator de segunda ordem explicando os quatro fatores da escala original. Foram encontradas correlações positivas entre os fatores da RBS-Brasil e os fatores de personalidade Extroversão, Socialização e Realização, a Satisfação com o relacionamento e o Investimento emocional.(AU)

The Romantic Beliefs Scale (RBS) was developed to assess beliefs about romanticism, that can impact the formation and quality of romantic relationships. These beliefs can be assessed using four factors that represent the ideal romantic love, which are: One and only, Idealization, Love at first sight, and Love finds a way. This study sought evidence of validity for the RBS in a Brazilian context based on internal structure and relationships with the variables relationship satisfaction and personality (Big Five Factors and Emotional Investment). A total of 818 Brazilians with an average age of 30.7 years (SD= 14.1) responded to an online questionnaire, of which 73.2% were women. The scale showed satisfactory evidence of validity based on the internal structure and relation with other variables, and best fit to a second-order factor model explaining the four factors of the original scale. Positive correlations were found between the factors of RBS and personality factors Extraversion, Agreeableness and Consciousness, Relationship satisfaction and Emotional investment.(AU)

La Romantic Beliefs Scale (RBS) fue desarrolló para evaluar las creencias sobre el romanticismo, las cuales pueden afectar la formación y calidad de las relaciones románticas. Estas creencias pueden ser accedidas a través de cuatro factores que representan el amor romántico ideal, los cuales son: Único, Idealización, Amor a primera vista y Amor encuentra un camino. Este estudio buscó evidencias de validez para el RBS en un contexto brasileño basadas en la estructura interna y relaciones con variables como la satisfacción con la relación y la personalidad (Cinco Grandes Factores e Inversión Emocional). Respondieron a un cuestionario 818 brasileños con una media de edad de 30.7 años (DE= 14.1), de los cuales el 73.2% eran mujeres. La escala mostró evidencias de validez basadas en la estructura interna del instrumento y en la relación con otras variables, y un mejor ajuste a un modelo factorial de segundo orden que explica los cuatro factores de la escala original. Se encontraron correlaciones positivas entre los factores de RBS-Brasil y los factores de personalidad Extraversión, Amabilidad y Realización, así como con la Satisfacción con la relación e Investidura emocional.(AU)

Invariance across sex, school, and educational level to Learning Approaches Scale (EABAP) / Invariância entre Sexo, Escola e Nível Educacional da EABAP / Invarianza entre sexo, escuela y nivel educativo de la EABAP

The Learning Approaches Scale (EABAP) showed evidence of structural and external validity in assessing the deep and surface approach of elementary and high school students. However, this evidence is supported only by participants from a single school. The present study evaluates the generality of EABAP by verifying through the multigroup confirmatory factor analysis whether this scale is invariant across sex, type of school, and educational level variables. The sample consisted of 2,148 students from elementary school II, high school, and higher education in public and private schools. The results indicate configural, metric, and partial scalar invariance for the sex variable; configural, partial metric, and partial scalar invariance for the educational level variable; and configural, partial metric, and scalar invariance for the type of school variable. We conclude that it is possible to compare the means of the latent variables measured by EABAP for the groups analyzed in this sample.(AU)

A Escala de Abordagens de Aprendizagem (EABAP) apresenta evidências de validade estrutural e validade externa para avaliar a abordagem profunda e superficial de estudantes do ensino fundamental II e ensino médio. Não obstante, essas evidências são sustentadas apenas por participantes de uma escola. O presente estudo avalia a generalidade da EABAP, verificando por meio da análise fatorial confirmatória multigrupo se essa escala é invariante para a variável sexo, tipo de escola e nível educacional. A amostra foi composta por 2.148 estudantes do ensino fundamental II, ensino médio e ensino superior, oriundos de escolas públicas e particulares. Os resultados indicam invariância configural, métrica e escalar parcial para a variável sexo; invariância configural, métrica parcial e escalar parcial para a variável nível educacional; e invariância configural, métrica parcial e escalar para a variável tipo de escola. Conclui-se que é possível comparar médias das variáveis latentes mensuradas pela EABAP nos grupos analisados nesta amostra.(AU)

La Escala de Enfoques de Aprendizaje (EABAP) presenta evidencias de validez estructural y validez externa para evaluar el enfoque profundo y superficial de los estudiantes de primaria y secundaria. Sin embargo, las evidencias solo están respaldadas por participantes de una escuela. El presente estudio evalúa la generalidad de la EABAP, verificando mediante el análisis factorial confirmatorio si esta escala es invariante para las variables sexo, tipo de escuela y nivel educativo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 2148 estudiantes de primaria II, bachillerato y educación superior, de colegios públicos y privados. Los resultados indican invarianza de configuración, métrica y escalar parcial para la variable sexo; invarianza configuracional, métrica parcial y escalar parcial para la variable nivel educativo e invarianza configuracional, métrica parcial y escalar para el tipo de variable de escuela. Concluimos que es posible comparar las medias de las variables latentes medidas por EABAP en los grupos analizados en esta muestra.(AU)

Psychometric properties of the Incivility in Nursing Education - Revised Survey - Brazilian version / Propriedades psicométricas do Incivility in Nursing Education - Revised Survey versão brasileira / Propiedades psicométricas del Incivility in Nursing Education - Revised Survey versión brasileña

Abstract Objective: to analyze the psychometric properties of the Incivility in Nursing Education - Revised Survey - Brazilian version with undergraduate nursing students. Method: methodological study conducted in a nursing school in São Paulo state. It is the analysis of the psychometric properties (reliability and construct validity) of the items in the INE-R survey - Brazilian version. Construct validity was performed by Confirmatory Factor Analysis, and reliability by test-retest in order to verify the instrument's stability, as calculated by the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient and the Internal Consistency of the items according to Cronbach's alpha, ordinal alpha and McDonalds's omega coefficients. Results: Confirmatory Factor Analysis fitted the proposed model with two factors (low and high incivility), with a suggestion to exclude one of student items. Most of the fitting values for the student items and all of the faculty-member items complied with the references established in the literature; the values for Internal Consistency Coefficients were greater than 0.80, and Intraclasss Correlation Coefficients were greater than 0.75. Conclusion: the Brazilian version of the Incivility in Nursing Education - Revised Survey is validated for the studied context, as it has shown satisfactory reliability and validity by means of factor analysis, which has confirmed the original two-factor model, with 23 items addressing student behaviors and 24 items applied to faculty behaviors.

Resumo Objetivo: analisar as propriedades psicométricas da versão brasileira do Incivility in Nursing Education - Revised survey com estudantes de graduação em enfermagem. Método: estudo metodológico, realizado em uma escola de enfermagem paulista. Trata-se da análise das propriedades psicométricas (fidedignidade e validade de construto) dos itens do INE-R survey - versão brasileira. A validade de construto foi realizada por Análise Fatorial Confirmatória e a fidedignidade pelo teste-reteste, para verificação da estabilidade do instrumento, calculada pelo Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse e por meio da consistência interna dos itens, segundo os coeficientes alfa de Cronbach, alfa ordinal e ômega de McDonald. Resultados: houve ajuste ao modelo proposto da análise fatorial confirmatória com dois fatores (baixa e alta incivilidade), com sugestão de exclusão de um item para estudantes. A maioria dos valores de ajustes para os itens dos estudantes e a totalidade para os professores atenderam às referências estabelecidas pela literatura; os valores para os Coeficientes de Consistência Interna foram maiores que 0,80 e os Coeficientes de Correlação Intraclasse, maiores que 0,75. Conclusão: a versão brasileira do Incivility in Nursing Education - Revised Survey encontra-se validada para o contexto estudado, apresentando fidedignidade satisfatória e validade, pela análise fatorial, que confirmou o modelo original com dois fatores, com 23 itens retratando comportamentos de estudantes e 24, de professores.

Resumen Objetivo: analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la versión brasileña del Incivility in Nursing Education - Revised Survey con estudiantes de graduación en enfermería. Método: estudio metodológico, realizado en una escuela de enfermería del estado de São Paulo. Se trata del análisis de las propiedades psicométricas (confiabilidad y validez de constructo) de los ítems del INE-R Survey - versión brasileña. La validez de constructo fue realizada por Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio y la confiabilidad por el test-retest, para verificación de la estabilidad del instrumento, calculada por el Coeficiente de Correlación Intraclase y por medio de la consistencia interna de los ítems, según los coeficientes alfa de Cronbach, alfa ordinal y omega de McDonald. Resultados: hubo ajuste del modelo propuesto del análisis factorial confirmatorio con dos factores (baja y alta incivilidad), con sugerencia de exclusión de un ítem para estudiantes. La mayoría de los valores de ajustes, para los ítems de los estudiantes y la totalidad para los profesores, atendió las referencias establecidas por la literatura; los valores para los Coeficientes de Consistencia Interna fueron mayores que 0,80 y los Coeficientes de Correlación Intraclase mayores que 0,75. Conclusión: la versión brasileña del Incivility in Nursing Education - Revised Survey se encuentra validada para el contexto estudiado, presentando confiabilidad satisfactoria y validez, por el análisis factorial que confirmó el modelo original con dos factores, con 23 ítems, retratando comportamientos de estudiantes y 24 de profesores.

Análise de artigos sobre o teste de apercepção temática (TAT) no Brasil / Analysis of articles on the thematic apperception test (TAT) in Brazil / Análisis de artículos en el test de apercepción temática (TAT) en Brasil

O Teste de Apercepção Temática (TAT) é um instrumento projetivo usado para avaliação da personalidade. Devido ao aumento da utilização do TAT no Brasil em diferentes contextos, percebeu-se a necessidade de realizar uma revisão narrativa. Objetiva-se analisar a produção científica de estudos empíricos em relação aos principais objetivos, características metodológicas e principais resultados. Foram recuperados 18 artigos das bases de dados SciELO, LILACS, PePSIC. Os estudos foram submetidos à análise temática considerando os objetivos principais. Os resultados indicaram uma distribuição desproporcional de publicações nos últimos 15 anos, com maior produção no sudeste do país. Notou-se maioria de estudos qualitativos do tipo exploratório, sendo prevalentes estudos realizados com participantes mulheres, e uso do TAT como instrumento único. Conclui-se a necessidade da realização de estudos empíricos nas diversas regiões do país, com diferentes idades e gêneros para ampliar o escopo do uso do teste.(AU)

The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) is a projective instrument used to assess individuals' personality. The increase in the use of TAT in Brazil in different contexts entailed the need for a narrative review. This study aimed to analyze the scientific production of empirical studies by evaluating its main objectives, methodological characteristics, and results. In total, 18 articles were retrieved from the SciELO, Lilacs, and PePSIC databases. The studies were subjected to thematic analysis considering their main objectives. Results indicated a disproportionate distribution of publications in the last 15 years, with higher production in the Brazilian southeast. Qualitative exploratory studies predominated, especially those with female participants and TAT as a single instrument. In conclusion, empirical studies must be carried out in different regions of the country with different ages and genders to expand the scope of the use of the test.(AU)

El Test de Apercepción Temática (TAT) es una herramienta proyectiva utilizada en la evaluación de la personalidad. Debido al aumento en el uso de TAT en Brasil en diferentes contextos, surgió la necesidad de realizar una revisión narrativa. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la producción científica de los estudios empíricos con relación a los principales objetivos, características metodológicas y principales resultados. Dieciocho artículos fueron recolectados de las bases de datos SciELO, LILACS y PePSIC. Se sometieron los estudios a análisis temático considerando los objetivos principales. Los resultados muestran una distribución desproporcionada de publicaciones en los últimos quince años, con mayor producción en el Sudeste del país. Hubo una mayoría de estudios cualitativos exploratorios, con predominio de estudios realizados con participantes del sexo femenino, y la utilización del TAT como única herramienta. Se concluye que es necesario realizar estudios empíricos en diferentes regiones del país, con diferentes grupos etarios y de género, para ampliar el alcance del uso de la prueba.(AU)

Cross-cultural Validation of the Health Mindset Scale for Brazil / Validação transcultural da Escala de Mindset Direcionado à Saúde no Brasil

Abstract Objective To cross-culturally validate the Health Mindset Scale for Brazil, as well as adapt the terms and questionnaires for adequate understanding of Brazilians, using factor analysis as an instrument to validate its reliability. Methods Cross-cultural validation of the Health Mindset Scale into Brazilian Portuguese using the Beaton method, Cronbach's alpha calculation and factor analysis Results The sample consisted of 215 patients aged between 18 and 87 years (M = 41.98; SD = 15.72), with a mean age between 31 and 50 years (42.0%), and female (52 .6%), a marginally significant difference (p < 0.10) between men and women was observed for item 3. In this item, men's mean (M = 5.48; SD = 0.99) was higher than the average for women (M = 5.10; SD = 1.22), with a small effect size for the difference (d = 0.26). Pearson's r correlation coefficient was examined between the mean score and age (r = −0.21; p = 0.002), the result of which indicated a weak, negative and significant linear relationship. The older the age, the lower the average score on the Health Mindset Scale. Conclusion The version of the health-focused mindset scale for Brazilian Portuguese was introduced and cross-culturally validated, demonstrating good reliability with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.786. Consequently, it constitutes a new instrument for clinical practice and can be correlated with established scales in the literature.

Resumo Objetivo Validar transculturalmente a escala de mindset da saúde para o Brasil, bem como adaptar os termos e questionários para a adequada compreensão do brasileiro, utilizando a análise fatorial como instrumento para validar a sua confiabilidade. Métodos Validação transcultural da Health Mindset Scale para o português brasileiro através do método do Beaton, cálculo do alfa de Cronbach e análise fatorial Resultados Amostra foi composta por 215 pacientes com idades entre 18 e 87 anos (M = 41,98; DP = 15,72), sendo a média de idade entre 31 e 50 anos (42,0%), e do sexo feminino (52,6%), uma diferença marginalmente significativa (p < 0,10) entre homens e mulheres foi observada para o item 3. Nesse item a média dos homens (M = 5,48; DP = 0,99) foi maior do que a média das mulheres (M = 5,10; DP = 1,22), com tamanho de efeito para diferença pequeno (d = 0,26). O coeficiente de correlação r de Pearson foi examinado entre o escore médio e a idade (r = −0,21; p = 0,002), cujo resultado indicou relação linear fraca, negativa e significativa. Quanto maior a idade, menor o escore médio na Health Mindset Scale. Conclusão A versão da escala de mindset direcionada à saúde para o português brasileiro foi apresentada e validade transculturalmente, apresentando bom coeficiente de confiabilidade - alfa de Cronbach 0,786. Sendo assim, configura novo instrumento para a prática clínica e pode ser correlacionado escalas já consagradas na literatura.

Motives for Caffeine Consumption Questionnaire (MCCQ): validity and reliability of Turkish version

Objectives The aims of this study are to make the Turkish validity and reliability of the scale that explain why caffeine intake. Additionally, it is crucial to highlight that the adaptation of the scale involved a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to validate its structure and the need for this adaptation in the Turkish context. Materials and methods The study was carried out with a total of 200 university students, comprised of 93.5% female and 6.5% male participants, with a mean age of 21.74 ± 6.15 years who were actively studying in the faculties of the universities who accepted to participate voluntarily in the study were included. The Turkish version of the Motives for Caffeine Consumption Questionnaire (MCCQ) scale and the MCCQ was used as the data collection tools. To evaluate the statistical analysis findings, the margin of error was taken as 5%. The entire application was carried out with the R-project software. CFA was used to test the adaptation of the MCCQ scale from English to Turkish. Results The alpha internal consistency coefficient for the whole scale was calculated as 0.959. Just like the original scale, the Turkish version shows a six-factor structure: habit, alertness, mood, social, taste, and symptom management. In MCCQ-TR, it showed a low level of positive correlation with Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS). For the final scale with 23 items and 6 sub-dimensions, it was determined that the fit indices were at an acceptable level, and the internal consistency was highly reliable for all sub-dimensions and the total scale. Conclusions It has been determined that the Turkish version of the MCCQ is a valid and reliable measurement tool to operationalize the motives of caffeine consumption and to reveal possible differences in the motives regarding gender, age, and the type of caffeinated products consumed. The use of CFA in adapting the scale ensures the robustness of the structural validity in the Turkish context, making this adaptation a valuable contribution to the field. (AU)

Psychometric network analysis of the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) in Paraguayan general population

Background Depression and anxiety are two of the most prevalent and disabling mental disorders worldwide, both in the general population and in outpatient clinical settings. Objective This study aimed to analyze the psychometric properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) based on network analysis metrics. Methods A total of 911 Paraguayans (23.71% women and 76.29% men; mean age 31.25 years, SD = 10.63), selected by non-probabilistic convenience sampling, participated in the study. Network analysis was used to evaluate the internal structure, reliability, and measurement invariance between men and women. Results The results revealed that the PHQ-4 is a unidimensional measure through Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA). Reliability, through structural consistency, identified that 100% of the time, only a single dimension was obtained, and all items remained stable, as they were always replicated within the empirical dimension. The unidimensional structure has shown evidence of configural invariance; therefore, the network structure functioned equally among the different sex groups. Conclusion The PHQ-4 presented optimal preliminary evidence of validity based on its internal structure, reliability, and invariance between sexes. Therefore, it may be useful as an accurate and brief measure of anxiety and depressive symptoms in the Paraguayan context. (AU)