ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the molecular mechanism of the disease based on the clinical characterization and genetic mutation analysis in a family with hereditary spherocytosis.@*METHODS@#The proband with jaundice and anemia was referred to Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang in May 2021. Peripheral blood samples were collected from six members of the family. Second-generation sequencing was used to screen the pathological mutations, and the clinically significant variant sites were selected. Then the relevant databases were used to analyze the variant sites, and RT-qPCR was used to detect the relative mRNA levels of candidate gene. The structure and function of SPTB protein were analyzed by UniProt and SMART databases.@*RESULTS@#We infer that the SPTB gene copy number variation (CNV) deletion was co-segregated with the phenotype of the patients in this family based on the results of second-generation sequencing (about 700 target genes). The UCSC Genome Browser demonstrated that the deleted region was mainly located in exon2-3 of SPTB gene. The results of RT-qPCR showed that the relative SPTB mRNA levels of all patients were lower than the healthy control. UniProt and SMART databases analysis showed that SPTB protein without CH1 and CH2 domains could not bind to erythrocyte membrane actin.@*CONCLUSION@#The CNV deletion of SPTB gene may be the reason for the hereditary spherocytosis in this family.
Subject(s)
Humans , DNA Copy Number Variations , East Asian People , Mutation , Pedigree , Spectrin/genetics , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/diagnosisABSTRACT
Introducción: La esferocitosis hereditaria (ESH) es una anemia hemolítica de observación frecuente, en la cual existen defectos cualitativos o cuantitativos de algunas proteínas de la membrana eritrocitaria que llevan a la formación de hematíes de forma esférica, osmóticamente frágiles, que son atrapados de formas selectiva y destruidos en el bazo, con incidencia variable y más frecuente en pacientes con descendencia europea. Objetivo: Describir la conducta clínica y anestesiológica de un paciente pediátrico con diagnóstico de micro esferocitosis hereditaria programado de forma electiva para procedimiento quirúrgico. Desarrollo: Se presenta un caso clínico de un paciente escolar con diagnóstico de micro esferocitosis hereditaria al cual se le realizó esplenectomía total electiva convencional. Con principal signo dolor a la palpación en hipocondrio izquierdo. Se condujo con anestesia total intravenosa con buenos resultados clínicos quirúrgicos, utilizando propofol a razón de 3 mcg/mL y ketamina a 0,2 mg/mL. La estrategia estuvo basada en cinco aspectos claves: evitar la hipoxia, la hipotermia, la acidosis, reducir la pérdida de sangre, así como un correcto control del dolor postoperatorio. Asociado a lo anterior es indispensable una estrecha vigilancia ya que estos pacientes pueden manifestar crisis hemolítica y aplásica. Conclusiones: El manejo perioperatorio del paciente con esferocitosis hereditaria depende de la severidad del cuadro clínico, de la anemia y su repercusión y del grado de hemólisis. La anestesia total intravenosa es una técnica segura para el tratamiento de pacientes con esferocitosis hereditaria(AU)
Introduction: Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a hemolytic anemia of frequent occurrence, in which there are qualitative or quantitative defects of some erythrocyte membrane proteins that lead to the formation of sphere-shaped red blood cells, which are osmotically fragile, and that are selectively trapped and destroyed in the spleen, with variable and more frequent incidence in patients with European descent. Objective: To describe the clinical and anesthesiological behavior of a pediatric patient with a diagnosis of hereditary microspherocytosis electively programmed for a surgical procedure. Development: A clinical case of a school-age patient with a diagnosis of hereditary microspherocytosis was presented. The patient underwent conventional elective total splenectomy. Pain was as the main sign on palpation to the left hypochondrium. The case was conducted with total intravenous anesthesia, with good surgical clinical results, using propofol at a rate of 3 mcg/mL and ketamine at 0.2 mg/mL. The strategy was based on five key aspects: avoid hypoxia, hypothermia, acidosis, reduce blood loss, as well as proper control of postoperative pain. Associated with the above-mentioned, close monitoring is essential, as these patients may manifest hemolytic and aplastic crisis. Conclusions: The perioperative management of the patient with hereditary spherocytosis depends on the severity of the clinical status, the anemia and its repercussion, and the degree of hemolysis. Total intravenous anesthesia is a safe technique for the treatment of patients with hereditary spherocytosis(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/surgery , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/diagnosis , Splenectomy/methods , Anesthesia, Intravenous/methodsABSTRACT
La esferocitosis hereditaria es la anemia hereditaria más frecuente en nuestro país luego de la talasemia menor. En este artículo, se revisan aspectos históricos, demográficos, genéticos y etiopatogénicos de la enfermedad, y se describen las pruebas de laboratorio para su diagnóstico. Se remarca el comportamiento de la enfermedad en nuestra población y se detallan las deficiencias proteicas predominantes en nuestro país. Se enfatiza sobre las nuevas técnicas de laboratorio actualmente disponibles, con alta sensibilidad y especificidad, que permiten realizar un diagnóstico más temprano con volúmenes de muestra mucho menores que los necesarios para las pruebas convencionales.
Hereditary spherocytosis is the most frequent hereditary anemia excluding beta thalassemia in Argentina. Historical, demographic, genetic and pathogenic aspects of the disease are reviewed, and confirmatory laboratory tests are described. Special characteristics on the outcome of the disease in our population and prevalent protein deficiencies in our country are described. Emphasis is given on new available laboratory tests, which allow an earlier diagnosis using volume of blood samples significantly smaller than required for conventional tests.
Subject(s)
Humans , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/diagnosis , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/etiology , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/history , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/epidemiology , Demography , History, 19th Century , History, 20th CenturyABSTRACT
Las anemias hereditarias más frecuentes en Tucumán (Argentina) son el rasgo beta talasémico (RBT), las hemoglobinopatías estructurales (HBP) y la esferocitosis hereditaria (EH). La resistencia osmótica eritrocitaria inmediata y 24 horas post-incubación constituye el método diagnóstico de la EH, y como tubo único (ROETU) es usada para cribado de RBT. El propósito del trabajo fue determinar el comportamiento de ROETU (4,0 y 5,5 g/L de NaCl) en el diagnóstico de anemias hereditarias. Se estudiaron 125 pacientes: 34 normales (GN), 59 con RBT (GRBT), 21 con HBP (GHBP) y 11 con EH (GEH), que fueron agrupados en niños (≤12 años), mujeres y hombres (>12 años). Se realizaron hemograma (Coulter AcT10 y Sysmex KX-21N), índices de Mentzer y de Shine&Lal, ROETU, hierro, transferrina y saturación de transferrina (Wiener Lab), reticulocitos (azul brillante de cresilo), prueba de falciformación y electroforesis de hemoglobina a pH alcalino y ácido. GRBT presentó anemia microcítica hipocrómica, y GEH y GHBP, anemia normocítica normocrómica. El hierro fue normal. GRBT y GHBP fueron resistentes en ROETU 4,0 g/L, aunque GRBT mostró mayor resistencia (p<0,05). GEH fue menos resistente que GN en ROETU 5,5 g/L (p<0,05). ROETU 4,0 y 5,5 g/L serían recomendables en el diagnóstico presuntivo de RBT y EH, respectivamente.
Beta thalassaemia trait (BTT), structural hemoglobinopathies (SHB) and hereditary spherocytosis (HS) are the most frequent hereditary anaemias in Tucumán (Argentina). Immediately and 24 hours post-incubation red cell osmotic resistance is the diagnosis method of HS, and as a single tube (RORST), it is used for clínicamenBTT screening. The purpose of this study was to determine the RORST (NaCl 4.0 and 5.5 g/L) behaviour in the diagnosis of hereditary anemia. The study encompassed 125 patients : 34 normal patients (NG), 59 with BTT (BTTG), 21 with SHB (SHBG) and 11 with HS (HSG), who were divided into children (≤12 years), women and men (> 12 years). Blood count (Coulter AcT10 and Sysmex KX-21N), Mentzer and Shine&Lal indexes, RORST, iron, transferrin and transferrin saturation (Wiener Lab), reticulocytes (brilliant cresyl blue), sickling and hemoglobin electrophoresis at alkaline and acid pH were performed. BTTG showed hypochromic microcytic anemia, and SHBG and HSG, normochromic normocytic anemia. Iron was normal. BTTG and SHBG were resistant in RORST 4.0 g/L, but BTTG showed more resistance (p<0.05). SHG was less resistant than NG at RORST 5.5 g/L (p<0.05). RORST at values of 4.0 and 5.5 g/L would be recommended for the presumptive diagnosis of BTT and SH, respectively.
As anemias hereditárias mais comuns em Tucumán (Argentina) são o traço beta talassemia minor (BTM), as hemoglobinopatias estruturais (HBP) e esferocitose hereditária (EH). A resistência osmótica dos eritrócitos imediata e 24 horas pós-incubação é o método de diagnóstico da EH, e como um único tubo (ROETU) é usado para a detecção de BTM. O objectivo deste estudo foi determinar o comportamento de ROETU (4,0 e 5,5 g/L de NaCl) para o diagnóstico de anemias hereditárias. Foram estudados 125 pacientes: 34 normais (GN), 59 com BTM (GBTM), 21 com HBP (GHBP) e 11 com EH (GEH), que foram reunidos em crianças (≤12 anos), mulheres e homens (>12 anos). Foi realizado hemograma (Coulter AcT10 e Sysmex KX-21N), índices de Mentzer e Shine&Lal, ROETU, ferro, transferrina e saturação de transferrina (Wiener Lab), reticulócitos (azul de cresil brilhante), teste de falcização e eletroforese de hemoglobina em pH alcalino e ácido. GBTM mostrou anemia microcítica hipocrômica, e GEH e GHBP, anemia normocítica normocrômica. O ferro foi normal. GRBT e GHBP foram resistentes em ROETU 4,0 g/L, mas GBTM mostrou maior resistência (p<0,05). GEH foi menos resistente que GN em ROETU 5,5 g/L (p<0,05). ROETU 4,0 e 5,5 g/L seria recomendado para o diagnóstico presuntivo da BTM e EH, respectivamente.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital/diagnosis , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/blood , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/diagnosis , Argentina , beta-Thalassemia , Hemoglobinopathies , Osmotic FragilityABSTRACT
Introducción: La esferocitosis hereditaria es la causa más común de anemia hemolítica crónica en Estados Unidos y Europa, con una incidencia de 1 cada 5.000 nacimientos. Se debe a una alteración de la membrana eritrocitaria. Los pacientes afectados pueden permanecer asintomáticos, con una hemólisis mínima, o desarrollar una anemia hemolítica severa. Presentación del caso: Lactante menor de 3 meses, con antecedentes de ictericia neonatal prolongada hasta la fecha de la consulta en policlínico de San Ignacio por regurgitación postprandial. Se realiza hemograma por presentar intensa palidez e ictericia, detectándose anemia severa, signos de hemólisis de eritrocitos e hiperbilirrubinemia de tipo indirecta. Se decide su hospitalización en Hospital Clínico Herminda Martin (HCHM), encontrándose hipoactivo, sin otros síntomas. Se transfunden 50cc de glóbulos rojos, evolucionando favorablemente. Durante la hospitalización se averigua el antecedente de prima que hace 6 años fue esplenectomizada por cuadros de anemia hemolítica recurrente durante 5 años. Se decide alta, tratamiento con ácido fólico e interconsulta con hematólogo. Discusión: Aunque la esferocitosis hereditaria se trata de la anemia hemolítica congénita más frecuente en Chile, su diagnóstico se dificulta de no conocerse antecedentes familiares o si no existe reticulocitosis ni esplenomegalia (como en este caso), lo que lleva a pensar en otras causas de anemia. Por esto, fue de importancia el antecedente familiar conocido tras su ingreso, pues orientó a un diagnóstico que en este caso no tenía una presentación típica.
Introduction: Hereditary spherocytosis is a common cause of hemolytic anemia due to an alteration of the erythrocyte membrane. Affected patients can remain asymptomatic, with a minimum hemolysis, or develop a severe hemolytic anemia. It is transferred as an autosomal dominant disease, less frequent as an autosomal recessive one, or with no medical history in the family. Case report: 3 month-old infant, with a medical history of neonatal ictericy lengthy so far, consultation at San Ignacio polyclinic because of a postprandial regurgitation, a hemogramis carried out by presenting intense paleness and ictericy, detecting severe anemia and indirect hyperbilirubinemia. It is decided to hospitalize him into Herminda Martin Clinic Hospital, being hypoactive, with no other symptoms. 50 cc red corpuscles are transfused, progressing favorably. During hospitalization it is found out the medical history of a cousin who was splenectomized due to hemolytic anemia symptoms recurring for 5 years. It is decided the discharge with a folic acid treatment and an interconsult with a hematologist. Discussion: Although the hereditary spherocytosis is the congenital hemolytic anemia more frequent in Chile, its diagnosis turns more complicated for an unknown medical history in the family, or if it does not present reticulocytosis nor splenomegaly (as in this case), which leads to think of other causes of anemia. Because of that it was very important the medical history of the family known after his admission into the hospital, because it directed towards a diagnosis that in this case did not have a typical presentation.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/diagnosis , Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Erythrocyte Transfusion , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/therapySubject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Osmotic Fragility , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Outcome , Prenatal Diagnosis/methods , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/diagnosisABSTRACT
La esferocitosis hereditaria es un grupo heterogéneo de desórdenes caracterizados por la variabilidad en la clínica, en los defectos proteicos del citoesqueleto eritrocitario y en el tipo de herencia. Se estudió la sensibilidad y especificidad de la concentración de hemoglobina corpuscular media (CHCM) y el índice de amplitud de distribución eritrocitaria (ADE) en el screening diagnóstico de la esferocitosis hereditaria. Noventa y cuatro pacientes fueron comparados con niños sanos de igual sexo y edad. Todos los índices se obtuvieron por impedancia eléctrica (autoanalizador hematológico Coulter JT). En los pacientes con esferocitosis hereditaria, la CHCM (35.67±1.33 g/dl) y el ADE (20.60±4.5%), fueron significativamente más elevados que en el grupo control (CHCM 33.48±0.68 g/dl, p 0.000; ADE 13.22±0.9%, p 0.000). Con los valores de corte utilizados en nuestro laboratorio (CHCM ≥ 34.5 g/dl; ADE ≥ 14.5%) ambos índices elevados mostraron una sensibilidad de 81% y una especificidad de 98.9% en el screening de esferocitosis hereditaria. La combinación de ambos índices es un excelente predictor para el diagnóstico de esferocitosis hereditaria.
Hereditary spherocytosis is a group of heterogenous disorders characterized by variability in its clinical manifestations, membrane protein defects and inheritance. We analysed the sensitivity and specificity of mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and red cell distribution width (RDW) in the diagnostic screening of hereditary spherocytosis. Ninetyfour patients were compared to equal number of healthy, age-matched children. All indexes were derived from measurements obtained by aperture impedance (Coulter Counter Model JT). In patients with hereditary spherocytosis, MCHC (35.67±1.33 g/dl) and RDW (20.60±4.5%) were significantly higher than in normal control subjects (MCHC 33.48±0.68 g/dl, p: 0.000; RDW 13.22±0.9%, p: 0.000). By using a cutoff for the MCHC of 34.5 g/dl and for the RDW of 14.5%, both indexes showed a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 98.9%. The combination of the two test is an excellent predictor for the diagnosis of hereditary spherocytosis.
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Erythrocyte Indices , Hemoglobins/analysis , Mass Screening/methods , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/blood , Confidence Intervals , Mass Screening/standards , Retrospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/diagnosisABSTRACT
The association between aplastic crisis and human parvovirus (HPV) B19 infection is well described in patients with sickle cell anemia. This association has also been described, although much less frequently, in patients with hereditary spherocytosis (HS). However, most cases of aplastic crises in patients with HS and induced by HPV B19 have been reported in children or adolescents. In this paper, we describe an aplastic crisis induced by HPV B19 in an adult with HS. A 34-year-old female presented with presyncope, febrile sensation, and myalgia. The complete blood counts showed severe anemia. The peripheral blood smear revealed spherocytosis with reticulocytopenia and pancytopenia. The direct Coombs' test was negative; the osmotic fragility test was positive. In the bone marrow aspirates, a few giant pronormoblasts with deep blue cytoplasm, pseudopods, and intracellular inclusion bodies were observed. The patient was given eight units of packed red blood cells. HPV B19 infection was proven by the presence of IgM antibodies to HPV B19 and the detection of viral DNA using the PCR technique. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in Korea that describes an adult with aplastic crisis presenting initially with HS.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Anemia, Aplastic/etiology , Parvoviridae Infections/complications , Parvovirus B19, Human , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/diagnosisABSTRACT
A membrana eritrocitária contém as proteínas do citoesqueleto, e proteínas integrais, imersas na bicamada lipídica , todas importantes para a manutenção da integridade e da forma celular. Neste trabalho, estudou-se 14 pacientes portadores de doença hemolítica, atendidos no Centro de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Paraná (HEMEPAR) em relação a grupo controle de 20 voluntários saudáveis. Amostras de sangue venoso foram coletadas em citrato-fosfato-dextrose (CPD). Após o isolamento das membranas [Dodge et al.,Arch.Biochem.Biophys. 100:199, 1963] e a determinação da concentração de proteínas [Lowry et al., J.Biol.Chem. 193: 265, 1951], as proteínas foram submetidas à eletroforese vertical em SDS-Page [Laemmli, Nature 227: 680, 1970]. Os valores obtidos no grupo controle (porcentagem; n=10), foram: espectrinas = 29,67 ± 4,14; anquirinas = 3,97 ± 1,84; banda 3 = 38,70 ± 4,96; banda 4.1 = 6,79 ± 1,60; banda 4.2 = 5,00 ± 1,43; banda 4.5 = 1,89 ± 0,96; banda 4.9 = 1,83 ± 1,22; banda 5 = 6,54 ± 3,13; banda 6.0 = 2,70 ± 1,24; banda 7.0 = 2,36 ± 1,33. Os valores médios para os portadores de esferocitose foram 24,4 porcento para espectrina e 35,8 porcento para banda 3 (teste t; p<0,05). A observação de esferócitos ou eliptócitos no sangue periférico, associados a um perfil eletroforético com deficiência de espectrina e/ou proteína 3 sugere esferocitose ou eliptocitose hereditária, respectivamente. Portadores assintomáticos de defeitos moleculares de membranas eritrocitária podem ser também detectadas através de SDS-Page.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital/diagnosis , Hematologic Diseases/diagnosis , Elliptocytosis, Hereditary/diagnosis , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/diagnosis , Membrane Proteins/isolation & purification , beta-Thalassemia , Bilirubin , Blood Protein Electrophoresis/methods , Osmotic Fragility , Reticulocyte CountABSTRACT
AIMS OF THE STUDY: Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a familial hemolytic disorder manifesting as anaemia, recurrent jaundice, splenomegaly with marked heterogeneity in clinical presentation. The objective was to study the clinical spectrum of the disorder in India. METHODOLOGY: We studied 50 HS patients and followed them for up to six years (Age range 2-47 years). RESULTS: The presenting features were jaundice 35 out of 50, anaemia 30 out of 50 (requiring blood transfusion in 25). Splenomegaly was found in all patients. Increased osmotic fragility was found in all patients whereas spherocytes were found in only 19 out of 42 patients. Reduced red cell survival was noted in 9/12 patients studied with 51Cr labeled RBCs. There was a definite improvement in the hemoglobin values in those who underwent splenectomy. Thirteen cases had similarly affected family member/s. Fifteen of the cases had family history consistent with autosomal dominant (AD) inheritance (eight families) while in six cases (5 families), inheritance was likely to be autosomal recessive (AR). There was intrafamilial variability in the age of presentation in the AD families. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that both autosomal dominant and recessive patterns of HS are seen in India and the clinical profile of the Indian HS patients is similar to that described in other populations. HS presenting in childhood is also not uncommon. However, the predominant underlying protein defect in Indian patients needs to be characterized.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Age of Onset , Anemia, Hemolytic/etiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Consanguinity , Female , Hemoglobins/analysis , Humans , India , Male , Middle Aged , Pedigree , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/diagnosis , Splenomegaly/etiologyABSTRACT
La esferocitosis hereditaria (EH) es una anemia hemolítica congénita con microesferocitos en sangre periférica y Coombs negativa. Hay heterogeneidad en la clínica, herencia y defectos moleculares (alteración de proteínas de la membrana), pero la EH típica es autosómica dominante, con anemia, ictericia y esplenomegalia. El objetivo de este estudio fue presentar nuestra experiencia y establecer relación entre parámetros hematológicos y bioquímicos, y pruebas de fragilidad osmótica y autohemólisis tradicionalmente diagnósticas. En nuestro medio, la EH ocupa el segundo lugar dentro de las anemias hemolíticas hereditarias, después de la b talasemia menor. El diagnóstico lo basamos en la microesferocitosis, el análisis de RGO y la autohemólisis. Se estudiaron 47 pacientes (45 de origen latino y 2, sajón). Doce pacientes no tenían antecedentes familiares. Valores promedios: hematíes (x1012/L) / hemoglobina (g/dL): niños (22): 3.84/10.5; adultos (25): mujeres (13): 3.54/10.59; hombres (12): 4.65/13.15. La autohemólisis (promedio %) estuvo muy aumentada (15.54) y corrigió con el agregado de glucosa (4.07). La fragilidad corpuscular media (promedio g/dL) estuvo incrementada tanto en sangre fresca (0.48) e incubada (0.65). Haptoglobina ausente se encontró en 76.5% de los niños y 26.7% de los adultos Reticulocitos, bilirrubina indirecta y LDH estuvieron aumentadas (medias 336.35 x109/L, 36.25 mmol/L, 236.48 UI/L, respectivamente). Microcitosis, esferocitosis, policromatofilia, acantocitosis, punteado basófilo, "células pinzadas" fueron observados en 43, 41, 41, 12, 11, 1 pacientes respectivamente. Las alteraciones morfológicas estuvieron más marcadas en los niños. Los resultados del laboratorio podrían ser consecuencia de la microcitosis más que de la esferocitosis
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Erythrocytes/physiology , Hematologic Tests/methods , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/diagnosis , Hemolysis , Osmotic Fragility , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/bloodABSTRACT
La esferocitosis hereditaria (EH), es una patología basada en un desorden en la membrana del eritrocito y de herencia autosómica dominante, se manifiesta con presencia de microesferocitos en sangre periférica, anemia crónica hemolítica, esplenomegalia, ictericia, e incremento en la fragilidad osmótica de los eritrocitos, con prueba de Coombs negativa. El objetivo de la presente revisión es exponer el criterio de diagnóstico de la EH en base a técnicas sencillas de efectuar en un laboratorio de hematología y conocer los datos de estos pacientes en nuestro medio poblacional. En el trabajo se presentan datos de 34 pacientes de ambos sexos (niños y adultos) seleccionados por tener las características descriptas, y 55 individuos normales que constituyen el grupo control. Con respecto a las variables estudiadas, se obtuvieron diferencias altamente significativas entre el grupo control y el de pacientes. En este último, las medias fueron: hematocrito: 34,06 por ciento, fragilidad corpuscular media basal: 0,48 g/dl, fragilidad corpuscular media post-incubación: 0,64 g/dl, y las medianas: hematíes: 4,2 x 10 elevado a la potencia 12/l, hemoglobina: 11,0 g/dl, reticulocitos: 6,6 por ciento, bilirrubina indirecta: 33,7 µmoles/l, láctico deshidrogenasa, 221 UI/l, hemoglobina libre en plasma: 2,4 mg/dl, autohemólisis espontánea: 14,7 por ciento, con el agregado de glucosa: 2,0 por ciento, hemólisis incipiente basal: 0,60 g/dl. El 70 por ciento de las haptoglobinas fueron ausentes. El analizar estas determinaciones y más aún, conocer los distintos detalles del test de resistencia globular, permiten llegar al diagnóstico presuntivo de la EH. Asimismo se pudo conocer los valores de estos pacientes en este medio poblacional
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Adolescent , Adult , Hemolysis , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/diagnosis , Hematologic Tests/statistics & numerical data , Anemia, Hemolytic/genetics , Case-Control Studies , Cell Membrane/chemistry , Erythrocytes, Abnormal/ultrastructure , Osmotic Fragility , Spectrin/deficiencyABSTRACT
As proteínas da membrana eritrocitária foram estudadas por meio de eletroforese de poliacrilamida (SDS-PAGE) em nove pacientes, utilizando-se o quociente de todas as bandas protéicas em relaçäo à banda 3; um grupo controle normal foi utilizado. O quociente espectrina/banda 3 dos pacientes com esferocitose foi baixo (p=0,0001), o que indica deficiência de espectrina. Foi também observado um aumento relativo geral das demais proteínas, em especial das bandas 4.1 e 4.5 (p=0,046 e p=0,0001, respectivamente), o que pode ser imputado à diminuiçäo da concentraçäo das espectrinas
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/diagnosis , Erythrocyte Membrane/pathology , SpectrinABSTRACT
A deformabilidade eritrocitária foi estudada através da ectacitometria em uma série de pacientes portadores de esferocitose hereditária e de anemia falciforme e, comparados com os achados de indivíduos normais. A ectacitometria foi realizada no aparelho LORCA (Laser assisted rotational cell analyser - R & R Mechatronics, Holanda). Observamos diminuiçäo da deformmbilidade celular, medida através do índice de elongaçäo (ou de deformabilidade) em todos os pacientes portadores de esferocitose hereditária e de anemia falciforme. O grau de diminuiçäo da deformabilidade esteve relacionado à maior gravidade clínica, havendo correlaçäo com a porcentagem de células microcíticas e hiperdensas, verificado na esferocitose hereditária e também na anemia falciforme. A perda de material da membrana, com consequente alteraçäo da geometrial celular, desidrataçäo celular e aumento da viscosidade citoplasmática, concorrem para a diminuiçäo da deformabilidade observada na esferocitose hereditária. Na anemia falciforme a diminuiçäo da deformabilidade está relacionada ao aumento da densidade celular, secundária às características da hemoglobina S, à desidrataçäo celular e a danos da membrana eritrocitária
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Anemia, Sickle Cell , Erythrocyte Deformability/physiology , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/diagnosis , HemorheologyABSTRACT
A pinca optica, baseada na tecnica de transferencia de momentum de fotons para capturar e manipular particulas biologicas, foi desenvolvida por A. Ashkin et al. em 1987. Desde entao, ela tem sido utilizada em estudos de genetica molecular, fertilizacao assistida, dentre outros. Neste trabalho, utilizamos a pinca optica para estudar a deformabilidade da membrana da hemacia, com o auxilio de um laser Nd:YAG, cujo feixe e focalizado num microscopio Olympus com um aumento de ate 100 vezes. A hemacia, na sua funcao de captar o oxigenio dos pulmoes e leva-lo para todas as celulas atraves da hemoglobina, percorre todos os vasos sanguineos do organismo por aproximadamente 500.000 vezes, durante sua vida media de 120 dias, atravessando uma distancia de 250km...
Subject(s)
Erythrocyte Deformability/physiology , Surgical Instruments , Erythrocyte Membrane/physiology , Anemia, Sickle Cell/diagnosis , Anemia, Hemolytic/diagnosis , Erythrocyte Count , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/diagnosis , Photons , Erythrocyte Membrane/ultrastructure , Microscopy, Electron , Immune ToleranceABSTRACT
O presente trabalho descreve 2 casos de esferocitose hereditaria na gravidez, situaçäo rara com esplemomegalia e ictericia. Säo discutidas as condutas adequadas
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Spherocytosis, Hereditary/diagnosis , Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic , Pregnancy, High-Risk , Anemia/blood , Antibiotic Prophylaxis , Jaundice/blood , Osmotic Fragility , Signs and Symptoms , Hematologic Tests/methodsABSTRACT
La esferocitosis heridataria(EH),es un padecimiento común en habitantes del norte de Europa, mientras que en Guatemala es rara y hasta la fecha solamente se han detectado casos esporádicos, sin haberse reportado estudios familiares de seguimiento.. En este estudio se reportan los resultados de investigación realizados durante 13 años en tres generaciones de una familia que habita en la costa sur de Guatemala. En total fueron estudiados 88 miembros procedentes de un mismo tronco familiar; en 67 de ellos (76/100) la enfermedad fue descartada clínicamente, mientras que de 21 descendientes directos del propositus, a 18 que se encuentran vivos a lo largo del estudio se les efectuaron pruebas de laboratorio para descartar esferocitosis.En total se detectaron ocho niños con EH, dos de ellos diagnosticados por historia, ya que habian fallecido antes de iniciar el estudio. Los otros 6 pacientes presentaban las características clínicas típicas y los exámenes de laboratorio fueron concluyentes. Los pacientes cuyas pruebas fueron negativas sirvieron como grupo control. Una vez confirmado el diagnóstico, todos los pacientes fueron sometidos a esplenectomía dos de ellos en edad inferior a un año debido a la gravedad de la hemólisis.Durante la intervención no se encontraron bazos accesorios ni colelitiasis. No hubo muertes operatorias ni se han registrado complicaciones sépticas a la fecha.