ABSTRACT
O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos terapêuticos da Psicoterapia Breve Operacionalizada (PBO) na adaptação de mulheres diagnosticadas com câncer de mama e em tratamento oncológico. O câncer de mama mostra-se mobilizador de sofrimento psíquico para as mulheres tanto no diagnóstico quanto no tratamento, o que justifica identificar intervenções psicológicas adequadas para essa população. As participantes foram 17 mulheres com idade entre 30 e 65 anos. A Escala Diagnóstica Adaptativa Operacionalizada (EDAO) foi o instrumento utilizado para avaliação da adaptação em quatro setores: afetivo-relacional, produtividade, orgânico e sociocultural. Referida avaliação foi feita em três momentos: antes e após a intervenção breve, e no follow-up . A PBO foi a intervenção breve utilizada. Os resultados mostraram que o setor orgânico foi o mais comprometido, seguido do afetivo-relacional, com soluções pouquíssimo adequadas. Como foco da psicoterapia breve, a situação-problema mais recorrente se relacionava ao câncer de mama, que, na compreensão psicodinâmica, mostrou-se associada ao intenso desamparo egóico diante do adoecimento e tratamento oncológico. Na avaliação adaptativa final e follow-up , 82,4% das participantes apresentaram evolução de grupo adaptativo. Concluímos que, neste estudo, a intervenção com a PBO possibilitou efeitos terapêuticos na adaptação, reverberando na solução das situações-problema e na crise adaptativa por perda.(AU)
This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Operationalized Brief Psychotherapy (PBO) so women diagnosed with breast cancer could adapt to treatment. Breast cancer has mobilized psychological suffering for women during diagnosis and treatment, justifying the identification of the appropriate psychological interventions for this population. Participants included 17 women aged 30 to 65 years. Adaptative Operational Diagnostic Scale (EDAO) was used to evaluated adaptation in four sectors: affective-relational, productivity, organic, and sociocultural before and after a brief psychological intervention and follow-up. The PBO was used as the brief intervention. Results showed that the organic sector was the most compromised, followed by the affective-relational one, which showed very little adequate solutions. As a focus of brief psychotherapy, the most recurring problem-situation was related to breast cancer, which, in yjr psychodynamic understanding, was associated with the intense helplessness of the ego in the face of illness and treatment. In the final adaptative evaluation and follow-up, 82.4% of participants showed evolution in the adaptive group. This study concluded that the intervention with PBO enabled therapeutic effects in these participants' adaptation, reverberating in the solution of problem-situation and in the adaptive crisis by loss.(AU)
El propósito de este estudio fue investigar los efectos terapéuticos de la psicoterapia breve operacionalizada (PBO) en la adaptación de mujeres diagnosticadas con cáncer de mama y en tratamiento oncológico. El cáncer de mama moviliza sufrimiento psicológico para las mujeres tanto en el diagnóstico como en el tratamiento, lo que justifica identificar intervenciones psicológicas adecuadas para esta población. Participaron 17 mujeres de entre 30 y 65 años. El instrumento utilizado fue la Escala de Diagnóstico Adaptativo Operacionalizada (EDAO) para la evaluación adaptativa en cuatro sectores: afectivo-relacional, productividad, orgánico y sociocultural. La evaluación se realizó en tres momentos: antes, después de la intervención breve y en el seguimiento. La PBO fue la intervención breve utilizada. Los resultados mostraron que el sector orgánico fue el más comprometido, seguido por el afectivo-relacional con soluciones poquísimas adecuadas. Como foco de la psicoterapia breve, la situación-problema más recurrente estuvo relacionada con el cáncer de mama, que en la comprensión psicodinámica resultó estar asociada a un intenso desamparo ante la enfermedad y el tratamiento oncológico. En la evaluación adaptativa final y el seguimiento, el 82,4% de las participantes tuvieron evolución grupal adaptativa. Se concluye que la intervención con PBO permitió efectos terapéuticos en la adaptación de estos participantes, repercutiendo en la solución de situaciones-problema y en la crisis adaptativa por pérdida.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Psychotherapy, Brief , Breast Neoplasms , Health , Diagnosis , Anxiety , Pain , Psychology , Recurrence , Rehabilitation , Shame , Solutions , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Therapeutics , Women , Bereavement , Adaptation, Psychological , Mastectomy, Radical , Homeopathic Cure , Disease , Follow-Up Studies , Aftercare , Life , Crisis Intervention , Death , Comprehension , Therapeutic Uses , Depression , Drug Therapy , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Efficiency , Fear , Return to Work , Physical Appearance, Body , Sadness , Psychological Distress , Psychological Well-Being , Lymph Node Excision , Medical OncologyABSTRACT
Reports from popular medicine usually act as a basis for the development of new drugs from natural compounds with therapeutic actions for serious diseases and prevalence such as cancer. Bromelia antiacantha Bertol. is a species of the Bromeliaceae family, considered an unconventional food plant, found in the south and midwest regions of Brazil. Despite the high nutritional content and pharmacological potential of its fruits, few scientific studies report its biological actions. Thus, this study evaluates the phytochemical profile of aqueous and ethanol extracts obtained from B. antiacantha fruits, as well as their possible antioxidant, antitumor, and cytotoxic activities. The aqueous extract exhibited phenolic compounds and flavonoids, while ethanol extracts indicated the presence of flavonoids and coumarin in their composition, regardless of the region of collection. The ethanolic extract demonstrated a more promising antioxidant effect than the aqueous extract and also induced a significant inhibition in the viability of human cervical cancer cells of the SiHa strain. In addition, treatment with both extracts did not alter the viability of non-tumor cells of the immortalized human keratinocyte lineage (HaCaT). These results bring new data about extracts obtained from a native plant, edible and traditionally used in popular medicine, opening new perspectives for its possible therapeutic application.
Relatos da medicina popular costumam atuar como referencial para o desenvolvimento de novos fármacos a partir de moléculas naturais com ações terapêuticas para doenças de alta gravidade e prevalência como o câncer. Bromelia antiacantha Bertol. é uma espécie da família Bromeliaceae, considerada uma planta alimentícia não convencional (PANC), encontrada nas regiões sul e centro-oeste do Brasil. Apesar do alto teor nutritivo e potencial farmacológico de seus frutos, poucos estudos científicos relatam suas ações biológicas. Desta forma, este estudo avalia o perfil fitoquímico de extratos aquoso e etanólico obtidos de frutos de B. antiacantha, bem como a sua possível ação antioxidante, antitumoral e citotóxica. O extrato aquoso apresentou compostos fenólicos e flavonoides, enquanto os extratos etanólicos apontam a presença de flavonóides e cumarina em sua composição, independente da região de coleta. O extrato etanólico demonstrou efeito antioxidante mais promissor do que o extrato aquoso e também induziu uma inibição significativa na viabilidade de células humanas de câncer cervical da linhagem SiHa. Além disso, o tratamento com ambos extratos não alterou a viabilidade de células não tumorais da linhagem de queratinócitos humanos imortalizados (HaCaT). Estes dados trazem novas informações sobre extratos obtidos de uma espécie vegetal nativa, comestível e já utilizada tradicionalmente, mas abrindo novas perspectivas quanto a possíveis aplicações terapêuticas.
Subject(s)
Flavonoids , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , Bromeliaceae , Bromelia , Therapeutic Uses , Phytochemicals , PhytotherapyABSTRACT
Introduction :Une forte consommation des benzodiazépines (BZDs) a été remarquée en dehors parfois des règles de recommandations de prescription, ce qui rend leur consommation un problème majeur de santé publique. La présente étude a eu pour objectif d'évaluer la prescription et l'usage des BZDs dans la ville de Sidi Bel-Abbès. Méthodes-Il s'agissait d'une étude descriptive transversale réalisée du 01 Février 2018 au 30 Juin 2018 évaluant la prescription et l'usage des BZDs dans la ville de Sidi Bel-Abbès au moyen d'un questionnaire distribué aux patients de l'hôpital psychiatrique, du service de psychiatrie du CHU et aux pharmaciens d'officine.Le critère de jugement principal était l'évaluation de la prescription et de l'utilisation des BZDs dans cette ville. La saisie et l'analyse des données ont été réalisées par le logiciel SPSS. Résultats-Au total, 353 patients traités au moins par une BZD ont été inclus dont 178 hommes. Le taux de prescription des BZDs était de 1.10, des jeunes (59,77 %) et des personnes mariées (60,34%) constituaient les consommateurs privilégiés. La prescription était l'apanage des psychiatres, en monothérapie (07,42%), la molé cule la plus fréquemment prescrite était le Bromazépam (31,07%) et la prise noc turne était la plus importante (49,01%). Les BZDs étaient utilisées pour combattre l'insomnie (25,21%), l'anxiété (16,43%), pour une durée de plus d'une année (57,79 %). Conclusion-La prescription et l'utilisation des BZDs dans la ville de Sidi Bel-Abbès s'est avérée importante. L'insomnie et l'anxiété constituaient les principales raisons de leur utilisation, et le Bromazépam était la molécule la plus fréquemment utilisée .
Introduction-A high consumption of benzodiazepines (BZDs) has been noticed so metimes outside the rules of prescription recommendations, which makes their consumption a major public health problem. The present study aimed to evaluate the prescription and use of BZDs in Sidi Bel-Abbès city. Methods-: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out from February 01st, 2018 to June 30th, 2018 evaluating the prescription and use of BZDs in of Sidi Bel-Abbès by means of a questionnaire distributed to patients from the psychiatric hospital, the CHU psychiatry department and community pharmacists. The primary endpoint was the assessment of the prescription and use of BZDs in this city. Data entry and analysis were performed using SPSS software. Results-A total of 353 patients treated with at least one BZD were included, including 178 men. The prescription rate of BZDs was 1.10, young people (59.77%) and married people (60.34%) were the privileged consumers. The prescription was the prerogative of psychiatrists, in monotherapy (07.42%), the molecule most frequent ly prescribed was Bromazepam (31.07%) and night intake was the most important (49.01%). BZDs were used to combat insomnia (25.21%), anxiety (16.43%), for a period of more than a year (57.79%). Conclusion-The prescription and use of BZDs in Sidi Bel-Abbès has proven to be important. Insomnia and anxiety were the main reasons for their use, and Bromazepam was the most molecule frequently used.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Anxiety , Benzodiazepines , Bromazepam , Substance-Related Disorders , Therapeutic Uses , Prescription Drugs , Long Term Adverse Effects , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders , Dosage Forms , Algeria , Medical OveruseABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the direct costs of materials, medicines/solutions and healthcare professionals required to treat men with prostate cancer using High Intensity Focused Ultrasound. Method: Quantitative, exploratory-descriptive research, single case study type. Data were collected from electronic medical records/printed documentation from the Operating Room of a public teaching and research hospital. Health professionals estimated the respective time spent on activities in the following stages: "Before anesthetic induction", "Before performing thermal ablation", "During thermal ablation" and "After performing thermal ablation". Costs were calculated by multiplying the (estimated) time spent by the unit cost of direct labor, adding to the measured cost of materials, medicines/solutions. Results: The measured costs with materials corresponded to US$851.58 (SD = 2.17), with medicines/solutions to US$72.13 (SD = 25.84), and estimated personnel costs to US$196.03, totaling US$1119.74/procedure. Conclusion: The economic results obtained may support hospital managers in the decision-making process regarding the adoption of the High Intensity Focused Ultrasound for the treatment of prostate cancer.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar los costos directos de materiales, medicamentos/soluciones y profesionales de la salud necesarios para tratar a hombres con cáncer de próstata a través de High Intensity Focused Ultrasound. Método: Investigación cuantitativa, exploratoria-descriptiva, tipo estudio de caso único. Los datos se obtuvieron de registros médicos electrónicos/documentación impresa del Centro Quirúrgico de un hospital público de enseñanza e investigación. Los profesionales de la salud estimaron el tiempo respectivo dedicado a las actividades en las siguientes etapas: "Antes de la inducción anestésica", "Antes de realizar la ablación térmica", "Durante la realización de la ablación térmica" y "Después de realizar la ablación térmica". Los costos se calcularon multiplicando el tiempo (estimado) invertido por el costo unitario de la mano de obra directa, sumándolo al costo medido de materiales, medicamentos/soluciones. Resultados: Los costos medidos con materiales correspondieron a US$851,58 (DE = 2,17), con medicamentos/soluciones a US$72,13 (DE = 25,84) y los costos de personal estimados a US$196,03, totalizando US$1119,74/procedimiento. Conclusión: Los resultados económicos obtenidos podrán apoyar a los gestores hospitalarios en el proceso de toma de decisiones respecto a la adopción del High Intensity Focused Ultrasound para el tratamiento del cáncer de próstata.
RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar os custos diretos com materiais, medicamentos/soluções e profissionais de saúde requeridos à realização do tratamento de homens com câncer de próstata via High Intensity Focused Ultrasound. Método: Pesquisa quantitativa, exploratória-descritiva, do tipo estudo de caso único. Coletaram-se os dados em prontuários eletrônicos/documentações impressas do Centro Cirúrgico de um hospital público de ensino e pesquisa. Profissionais de saúde estimaram os respectivos tempos despendidos em atividades constantes das etapas: "Antes da indução anestésica", "Antes da execução da termoablação", "Durante a execução da termoablação" e "Após a execução da termoablação". Calcularam-se os custos multiplicando-se o tempo (estimado) despendido pelo custo unitário da mão de obra direta, somando-se ao custo mensurado dos materiais, medicamentos/soluções. Resultados: Os custos mensurados com materiais corresponderam a US$851,58 (DP = 2,17), com medicamentos/soluções a US$72,13 (DP = 25,84) e os custos estimados com pessoal a US$196,03, totalizando US$1119,74/procedimento. Conclusão: Os resultados econômicos obtidos poderão subsidiar os gestores hospitalares no processo decisório quanto à adoção do High Intensity Focused Ultrasound para o tratamento do câncer de próstata.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Prostatic Neoplasms , Costs and Cost Analysis , Direct Service Costs , Ultrasound, High-Intensity Focused, Transrectal , Therapeutic Uses , Hospital CareABSTRACT
A candidíase vulvovaginal, é uma infecção da vulva e vagina causada por vários tipos de Candida spp. Essa patologia afeta 75% de todas as mulheres pelo menos uma vez durante a vida, ocorrendo com mais frequência durante a idade fértil. A transmissão dessa infeção fúngica ocorre por meio de contato com mucosas e secreções em pele de portadores ou doentes, contato sexual, água contaminada e transmissão vertical. Alguns outros sintomas característicos mais vistos em casos de CVV, são lesões brancas, cremosas e planas, sendo mais intensos no período pré-menstrual, quando a acidez vaginal aumenta. numerosos antifúngicos estão disponíveis no mercado, os quais são encontrados para administração oral na forma de comprimidos ou, para uso tópico, na forma de cremes, loções, comprimidos vaginais, supositórios e tampões revestidos. O objetivo geral do trabalho foi analisar através da revisão de literatura, tratamentos convencionais e alternativos para abordagem terapêutica da Candidíase Vulvovaginal contextuando a mesma, utilizando definições, dados epidemiológicos e sua sintomatologia frente à sociedade. O presente trabalho é uma revisão integrativa, que teve a coleta de dados realizada de março de 2021 a outubro de 2021 nas bases de dados Lilacs, Scielo, Google acadêmico, A busca resultou em 902 artigos, dos quais 14 atenderam ao critério de inclusão. A busca por tratamentos frente a candidíase vulvovaginal tem se mostrado ampla de acordo com os artigos selecionadas. Concluímos que a patologia candidíase vulvovaginal, vem apresentando resistência em algumas abordagens terapêuticas, assim como algumas mulheres não aderem há algum tipo de tratamento, devido à falta de conhecimento sobre a patologia.
Vulvovaginal candidiasis is an infection of the vulva and vagina caused by various types of Candida spp. This condition affects 75% of all women at least once in their lifetime, occurring more frequently during their childbearing years. The transmission of this fungal infection occurs through contact with mucous membranes and secretions on the skin of patients or patients, sexual contact, contaminated water and vertical transmission. Some other characteristic symptoms more seen in cases of VVC are white, creamy and flat lesions, being more intense in the premenstrual period, when the vaginal acidity increases. numerous antifungals are available on the market which are available for oral administration in tablet form or, for topical use, in the form of creams, lotions, vaginal tablets, suppositories and coated tampons. The general objective of the work was to analyze, through a literature review, conventional and alternative treatments for the therapeutic approach of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis in its context, using definitions, epidemiological data and its symptoms in society. The present work is an integrative review, which had data collection carried out from March 2021 to October 2021 in the Lilacs, Scielo, Google academic databases. The search resulted in 902 articles, of which 14 met the inclusion criteria. The search for treatments against vulvovaginal candidiasis has been shown to be wide according to the selected articles. We conclude that the vulvovaginal candidiasis pathology has been showing resistance in some therapeutic approaches, as well as some women do not adhere to any type of treatment, due to lack of knowledge about the pathology.
La candidiasis vulvovaginal es una infección de la vulva y la vagina cau- sada por diversos tipos de Candida spp. Esta afección afecta al 75% de las mujeres al menos una vez en la vida, siendo más frecuente durante la edad fértil. La transmisión de esta infección fúngica se produce por contacto con mucosas y secreciones de la piel de pacientes o enfermos, contacto sexual, agua contaminada y transmisión vertical. Otros síntomas característicos más observados en los casos de CVV son las lesiones blancas, cremosas y planas, siendo más intensas en el período premenstrual, cuando aumenta la acidez vaginal. Existen en el mercado numerosos antifúngicos disponibles para adminis- tración oral en forma de comprimidos o, para uso tópico, en forma de cremas, lociones, comprimidos vaginales, supositorios y tampones recubiertos. El objetivo general del tra- bajo fue analizar, a través de una revisión bibliográfica, los tratamientos convencionales y alternativos para el abordaje terapéutico de la Candidiasis Vulvovaginal en su contexto, utilizando definiciones, datos epidemiológicos y su sintomatología en la sociedad. El pre- sente trabajo es una revisión integradora, que tuvo recolección de datos realizada de marzo de 2021 a octubre de 2021 en las bases de datos académicas Lilacs, Scielo, Google. La búsqueda resultó en 902 artículos, de los cuales 14 cumplieron los criterios de inclu- sión. La búsqueda de tratamientos contra la candidiasis vulvovaginal se ha mostrado am- plia según los artículos seleccionados. Concluimos que la patología de la candidiasis vul- vovaginal viene mostrando resistencia en algunos abordajes terapéuticos, así como algu- nas mujeres no se adhieren a ningún tipo de tratamiento, debido al desconocimiento de la patología.
Subject(s)
Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/drug therapy , Therapeutic Uses , Propolis/therapeutic use , Fluconazole/therapeutic use , Review , Echinocandins/therapeutic use , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Contextualização: A vitamina C (ácido ascórbico) é, sem dúvida, a mais popular dentre as vitaminas e a vedete de vendas na mídia, sobretudo no inverno, sob o slogan de que previne doenças. Objetivos: O estudo avaliou a efetividade da suplementação de vitamina C para tratamento e prevenção de sintomas e doenças, segundo as revisões sistemáticas da Colaboração Cochrane. Métodos: Trata-se de overview de revisões sistemáticas Cochrane. Procedeu-se à busca na Cochrane Library (2022), sendo utilizado o termo "Ascorbic Acid". O desfecho primário de análise foi a redução da incidência da doença ou a melhora clínica, mediante suplementação de vitamina C. Resultados: A estratégia de busca recuperou 26 revisões sistemáticas Cochrane, sendo oito estudos incluídos, seguindo critérios de inclusão. Foram avaliados 91 ensaios clínicos (n = 54.864 participantes). Condições/doenças fetais, pneumonia, resfriado comum, tétano, doença cardiovascular, asma e broncoconstrição por exercício, retinopatia diabética e Doença de Charcot-Marie-Tooth configuraram objetos de análise. Não foi evidenciada efetividade da vitamina C nas análises dessas condições. Discussão: Não há evidência de efetividade da vitamina C para as doenças analisadas. Embora a maioria dos estudos primários tenha limitações sérias e a evidência seja de baixa qualidade, não é possível recomendar a suplementação da vitamina C para essas condições nesse momento. Conclusão: Não há efetividade, nesse momento, da suplementação da vitamina C para prevenção e tratamento de doenças analisadas pela Cochrane, A evidência é bastante limitada e recomenda-se a realização de novos ensaios clínicos randomizados, utilizando-se o CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) Statement.
Subject(s)
Ascorbic Acid , Therapeutic Uses , Disease Prevention , Evidence-Based Practice , Systematic ReviewABSTRACT
Monteverdia ilicifolia, conhecida popularmente como espinheira-santa, é uma planta da família Celastraceae de relevante ação terapêutica devido às suas propriedades medicinais, principalmente a sua atividade gastroprotetora, possuindo efeitos comprovados sobre acidez e úlceras estomacais. Desta forma o objetivo deste trabalho foi encontrar na literatura evidências para o uso terapêutico da M. ilicifolia, como uma alternativa frente aos fármacos sintéticos disponíveis na indústria farmacêutica voltados para o tratamento de problemas estomacais. Foi utilizado no presente trabalho a base de dados Google acadêmico. Os distúrbios estomacais afetam milhares de pessoas, influenciando de forma negativa na qualidade de vida da população e gerando prejuízos ao sistema de saúde. Os fármacos com atividade sobre a secreção da acidez gástrica são as medicações mais prescritas para essas enfermidades, destacando-se os antagonistas do receptor H2 de histamina e os inibidores da bomba de prótons, amplamente utilizados para o tratamento de úlceras e gastrite. Com o tempo, esses medicamentos passaram a ser indiscriminadamente utilizados, prática que põem em risco a saúde íntegra dos pacientes, mediante aos diversos efeitos adversos que esses medicamentos podem causar. As plantas medicinais têm sido aplicadas na terapia de diversas doenças em toda a história da humanidade. Nesse contexto, a espinheira-santa surge como uma alternativa segura e eficaz para a prevenção e tratamento dessas patologias. Dentre os compostos bioativos que podem desempenhar a atividade gastroprotetora, destacam-se os taninos, triterpenos e flavonóides. Os estudos analisados demonstram que a M. ilicifolia possui relevante ação terapêutica, com potencial para substituir os fármacos usualmente empregados no tratamento de úlceras e gastrite.
The Monteverdia ilicifolia, popularly known as espinheira-santa, is a plant of the Celastraceae's family with relevant therapeutic action due to its medicinal properties, mainly its gastroprotective activity, and possesses proven effects on acidity and stomach ulcers. The aim of this work was to find in the literature evidence for the therapeutic use of M. ilicifolia, as an alternative to the synthetic drugs available in the pharmaceutical industry for the treatment of stomach problems. The academic Google database was used in this work. Stomach disorders affect thousands of people, negatively influencing the population's quality of life and causing damage to the health system. The drugs with activity on gastric acid secretion are the most prescribed medications for these diseases, especially histamine H2 receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors, widely used for the treatment of ulcers and gastritis. Over time, these drugs began to be used indiscriminately, a practice that jeopardizes the health of patients, due to the various adverse effects that these drugs can cause. Medicinal plants have been applied in the therapy of various diseases throughout human history. In this context, the espinheira-santa emerges as a safe and effective alternative for the prevention and treatment of these pathologies. Among the bioactive compounds that can perform a gastroprotective activity, tannins, triterpenes, and flavonoids stand out. The analyzed studies demonstrate that M. ilicifolia has relevant therapeutic action, with the potential to replace the drugs usually used in the treatment of ulcers and gastritis.
Monteverdia ilicifolia, conocida popularmente como espinheira-santa, es una planta de la familia Celastraceae de relevante acción terapéutica por sus propiedades medicinales, principalmente su actividad gastroprotectora, con efectos probados sobre la acidez y las úlceras estomacales. Así, el objetivo de este trabajo fue encontrar evidencia en la literatura para el uso terapéutico de M. ilicifolia, como alternativa a las drogas sintéticas disponibles en la industria farmacéutica destinadas al tratamiento de problemas estomacales. En este trabajo se utilizó la base de datos académica de Google. Los trastornos estomacales afectan a miles de personas, influyendo negativamente en la calidad de vida de la población y provocando daños en el sistema de salud. Los fármacos con actividad sobre la secreción ácida gástrica son los más prescritos para estas enfermedades, especialmente los antagonistas de los receptores H2 de histamina y los inhibidores de la bomba de protones, muy utilizados para el tratamiento de úlceras y gastritis. Con el tiempo, estos medicamentos comenzaron a utilizarse de forma indiscriminada, práctica que pone en riesgo la salud de los pacientes, debido a los diversos efectos adversos que estos fármacos pueden ocasionar. Las plantas medicinales se han aplicado en la terapia de diversas enfermedades a lo largo de la historia humana. En este contexto, la espinheira-santa surge como una alternativa segura y eficaz para la prevención y el tratamiento de estas patologías. Entre los compuestos bioactivos que pueden realizar actividad gastroprotectora destacan los taninos, los triterpenos y los flavonoides. Los estudios analizados demuestran que M. ilicifolia tiene una acción terapéutica relevante, con potencial para reemplazar los fármacos habitualmente utilizados en el tratamiento de úlceras y gastritis.
Subject(s)
Plants, Medicinal/drug effects , Celastraceae/drug effects , Therapeutic Uses , Stomach Ulcer/drug therapy , Plant Roots , Plant Leaves , Gastric Acid , Gastritis/drug therapyABSTRACT
INTRODUCCIÓN: el Foeniculum vulgare es una planta medicinal de gran importancia por sus propiedades y valor nutricional. Los extractos del hinojo poseen propiedades terapéuticas ante cambios endocrinos, perturbaciones psicológicas, malestares y sintomatología presente en el ciclo vital de la mujer. OBJETIVOS: analizar información sobre las diferentes propiedades y efectos terapéuticos del F. vulgare en las distintas etapas del ciclo vital de la mujer. METODOLOGÍA: se realizó una búsqueda crítica y analítica del tema por medio de lenguaje controlado recopilado del MeSH y DeCs en metabuscadores científicos. RESULTADOS: el desarrollo de esta revisión fue viable debido a la variedad de literatura, estudios y ensayos clínicos internacionales de libre acceso de información relevante al tema. CONCLUSIÓN: esta planta puede ser empleada como tratamiento, prevención y como fuente de nutrientes; y sus extractos tienen un efecto importante en el ciclo vital de la mujer dependiendo se encuentre en menstruación, menopausia o postmenopausia.
INTRODUCTION: foeniculum vulgare is a medicinal plant of great importance for its properties and nutritional value.Fennel extracts possess therapeutic properties against endocrine changes, psychological disturbances, discomfort and symptomatology present in the vital cycle of women. OBJECTIVES: analyze information on the different properties and therapeutic effects of F. vulgare in the different stages of the life cycle of women. METHODOLOGY: a critical and analytical search of the topic was performed ,by means of controlled language compiled from MeSH and DeCs in scientific meta-search engines. RESULTS: the development of this review was feasible due to the variety of freely available international literature, studies and clinical trials of information relevant to the topic. CONCLUSIÓN: this plant can be used as a treatment, prevention and as a source of nutrients; and its extracts have an important effect on the vital cycle of the woman depending on whether she is in menstruation, menopause or postmenopause.
Subject(s)
Plants, Medicinal , Foeniculum , Therapeutic UsesABSTRACT
El cannabis se ha utilizado desde la antigüedad con fines recreativos y medicinales. Es una fuente muy rica de compuestos químicos, la mayoría denominados fitocannabinoides, que tienen una variedad de efectos fisiológicos, principalmente por su unión a receptores cannabinoides endógenos como el CB1 y CB2, entre otros. El cannabis tiene propiedades terapéuticas potenciales y sus preparaciones se han utilizado como remedios tradicionales para tratar el dolor y la emesis. Los cannabinoides sintéticos se utilizan clínicamente como analgésicos, antiespasmódico, antieméticos y estimulantes del apetito. La toxicidad significativa del cannabis es poco común en los adultos, sin embargo, puede tener múltiples efectos adversos agudos y crónicos. La calidad de la evidencia en este campo se ha visto limitada por la corta duración de los estudios, los reducidos tamaños de las muestras, la falta de grupos de control y la existencia de sesgos en la mayoría de los estudios revisados. En este contexto, son necesarios más estudios de mejor calidad metodológica para apoyar el uso seguro de esta terapia en otras enfermedades. La decisión de incorporar los cannabinoides como terapia en alguna de las condiciones descritas depende de la evidencia, el uso de terapias previas y el tipo de paciente.
Since ancient times cannabis has been used for recreational and medicinal purposes. It is a significant source of chemical compounds, most of them called phytocannabinoids. These compounds have several physiological effects and produce their effects primarily by binding to endogenous cannabinoid receptors such as CB1 and CB2, among others. Cannabis has potential therapeutic properties and its preparations have been used as traditional remedies to treat pain and emesis. Synthetic cannabinoids are used clinically as analgesics, antispastics, antiemetics, and appetite stimulants. Significant cannabis toxicity is rare in adults; however, it can produce countless acute and chronic side effects. The quality of the evidence in this field is limited by the short duration of the trials, poor sample sizes, lack of a control group, and the existence of bias in most of the reviewed studies. Therefore, a larger number of studies with better methodological quality is required to support the safe use of this therapy. The decision to include cannabinoids as a treatment for any of the conditions described will depend on the evidence, the use of previous therapies, and the type of patient.
Subject(s)
Cannabis , Therapeutic Uses , Safety , Cannabinoids , Efficacy , EndocannabinoidsABSTRACT
Introdução: O Cymbopogon citratus (capim-limão) é uma espécie herbácea pertencente à família Poaceae, que engloba aproximadamente 500 gêneros e 8.000 espécies. Objetivos: Analisar as evidências científicas disponíveis sobre as aplicações terapêuticas de Cymbopogon citratus (capim-limão) na Odontologia durante os últimos dez anos. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, que envolveu as seguintes etapas: elaboração da pergunta norteadora, estabelecimento das palavras-chave e dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão de artigos, seleção e análise crítica dos artigos, resultados, discussão e conclusão. Resultados: 8% dos artigos encontrados e analisados nessa revisão de literatura integrativa demonstraram que o Cymbopogon citratus (capim-limão) apresenta potencial terapêutico no que se refere a suas propriedades antimicrobianas, sendo considerado benéfico e promissor na inibição de patógenos colonizadores bacterianos e fúngicos dentários, além de demonstrar baixa citotoxicidade. Conclusão: Apesar da existência de diversas pesquisas in vitro que demonstram eficácia e segurança do uso de diversos compostos de origem natural, nota-se que há poucos protocolos específicos que orientem o profissional cirurgião-dentista para o uso de terapias à base de plantas medicinais e/ou fitoterápicos, como no caso do Cymbopogon citratus (capim-limão). Portanto, são necessários mais estudos para explicar e fundamentar melhor os efeitos do capim-limão na odontologia.
Introduction: Cymbopogon citratus (lemon grass) is an herbaceous species belonging to the Poaceae family, which includes approximately 500 genera and 8,000 species. Objectives: To analyze the available scientific evidence about therapeutic applications of Cymbopogon citratus (lemon grass) in Dentistry over the past ten years. Methods: This is an integrative literature review, which involved the following steps: elaboration of the guiding question, establishment of keywords and criteria for inclusion and exclusion of articles, selection and critical analysis of articles, results, discussion, and conclusion. Results: 8% of the articles found and analyzed in this integrative literature review demonstrated that Cymbopogon citratus (lemon grass) has therapeutic potential because its antimicrobial properties, being considered beneficial and promising in the inhibition of bacterial and fungal dental colonizing pathogens, in addition presents low cytotoxicity. Conclusion: Despite the existence of several in vitro studies that demonstrate the efficacy and safety of natural compounds utilization, there are few specific protocols guiding the dental professional about using based therapies of medicinal and/or phytotherapeutic plants, as in the case of Cymbopogon citratus (lemon grass). Therefore, more studies are necessary to explain and provide a better validation of lemon grass effects in the dentistry practice.
Subject(s)
Plants, Medicinal , Oral Health , Cymbopogon , Dentistry , Therapeutic UsesABSTRACT
O mapa apresenta uma visão geral das evidências sobre os efeitos clínicos da Aromaterapia em humanos. A partir de uma ampla busca bibliográfica foram incluídos 73 estudos de revisão sistemática que analisaram o efeito clínico de intervenções com óleos essenciais (49 óleos essenciais), óleos vegetais (06 óleos vegetais graxos), misturas (66 sinergias) e 01 hidrolato, utilizando cinco formas de aplicação: inalação, banho, massagem, ingestão ou tópico. Principais Achados: ⢠Estas formas de aplicação foram associadas a 55 desfechos de saúde distribuídos em 7 grupos: Dor; Indicadores Metabólicos e Fisiológicos; Doenças Não Transmissíveis; Bem-Estar, Vitalidade e Qualidade de Vida; Saúde Mental; Doenças Infectocontagiosas; Saúde Reprodutiva. No total, foram 420 associações entre intervenções e desfechos. ⢠Dentre os grupos de desfechos, o grupo Saúde Mental recebeu 154 associações, seguido pelo grupo Dor (93 associações) e Bem-Estar, Vitalidade e Qualidade de Vida (85 associações). ⢠A maior parte dos estudos reportou efeito positivo para 333 associações. O efeito potencial positivo foi reportado para 50 associações, inconclusivo para 19 associações e sem efeito para 18 associações. Não foram reportados efeitos negativos. ⢠A Lavanda (Lavandula angustifolia) foi o óleo essencial mais analisado, com 116 associações com o óleo puro e outras 89 associações com a lavanda em 49 sinergias com outros essenciais, vegetais e hidrolato. As intervenções com Lavanda demonstraram efeitos relevantes para a Saúde Mental, especialmente transtornos de ansiedade. ⢠O segundo óleo essencial mais pesquisado foi o de Rosa de damasco (Rosa x damascena), com 24 intervenções unitárias (puro) e em sinergias (11). Estas intervenções foram associadas a 10 desfechos de saúde, com destaque para os desfechos de Dor (12 associações). Implicações para prática: Apesar da Aromaterapia trabalhar com produtos naturais, existem técnicas específicas para cada tipo de população que precisam respeitar o modo da intervenção, a diluição, o tempo de uso e a frequência com que se utiliza. A formação profissional adequada é essencial para o uso seguro da Aromaterapia em intervenções terapêuticas. Implicações para pesquisa: Destaca-se que há grande heterogeneidade nos estudos clínicos primários de Aromaterapia, o que dificulta a sistematização da evidência disponível. Recomenda-se, prioritariamente, o fomento em estudos de ensaios clínicos randomizados, principalmente para os óleos essenciais/sinergias. Recomenda-se ampliar este Mapa com novos estudos, em especial com os óleos essenciais dos biomas brasileiros. Implicações para gestão: Espera-se que as associações identificadas possam promover a implementação da Aromaterapia por gestores e profissionais que atuam nos serviços do SUS, especialmente para os desfechos que apresentaram efeito positivo e potencialmente positivo.
This map presents overview evidence of the clinical effects of essential oils in humans. The search was conducted in several databases, and 73 systematic review studies were included. Main Findings: This Map collects evidence for interventions with 49 essential oils, 9 fatty vegetable oils or in 66 mixtures (synergies) and one hydrolate, with applications through inhalation, massage, bath, ingestion, or topical. Each intervention was associated with at least one of 55 health outcomes classified into 8 groups: Pain; Metabolic and Physiological Indicators; Noncommunicable Diseases; Mental Health; Infectious Diseases; Reproductive Health and Other, totaling 420 associations. The effects reported by each study included: positive, potentially positive, no effect, and inconclusive effects. Highlighting that no negative effect was reported. The essential oil most researched was Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia - 116 associations). The Roses essential oil was the second most researched (Rosa damascena - 24 associations). The interventions with Lavender essential oil demonstrated more relevant effects on Mental Health, especially anxiety disorders. Interventions with Rose essential oil the more relevant effects on outcomes related to Women's Health, especially dysmenorrhea and pain in childbirth. This Map found 333 positive effect for different health outcomes. Implications for practice: The therapeutic interventions with Aromatherapy are diverse, where the main focus is on the person, an integral and unique being, with no overlooking health outcomes. Adequate training is of paramount importance for a professional who applies Aromatherapy in health. Although Aromatherapy is a natural product, specific techniques for each type of population need to respect the method of intervention, dilution, time of use, and the frequency with which it is used. Thus, aromatherapy safe practice health will contribute even more to the results already achieved. Implications for research: Noteworthy, that there is heterogeneity in the primary clinical trials of Aromatherapy, which hampered systematizing the available evidence. Recommended, as a priority, the promotion of studies of randomized clinical trials, especially for essential oils/synergies. Besides, expanding this Map is necessary so that new publications are included, especially with essential oils from Brazilian biomes.
Subject(s)
Oils, Volatile , Aromatherapy , Therapeutic UsesABSTRACT
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has highlighted the scope of heroin dependence and need for evidence-based treatment amongst marginalised people in South Africa. Acute opioid withdrawal management without maintenance therapy carries risks of increased morbidity and mortality. Due to the high costs of methadone, Tshwane's Community Oriented Substance Use Programme (COSUP) used tramadol for opioid withdrawal management during the initial COVID-19 response. Aim: To describe demographics, route of heroin administration and medication-related experiences amongst people accessing tramadol for treatment of opioid withdrawal.Setting: Three community-based COSUP sites in Mamelodi (Tshwane, South Africa). Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered paper-based tool between April and August 2020. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse data. Results: Of the 220 service users initiated onto tramadol, almost half (n = 104, 47%) were not contactable. Fifty-eight (26%) people participated, amongst whom most were male (n = 55, 95%). Participants' median age was 32 years. Most participants injected heroin (n = 36, 62.1%). Most participants experienced at least one side effect (n = 47, 81%) with 37 (64%) experiencing two or more side effects from tramadol. Insomnia occurred most frequently (n = 26, 45%). One person without a history of seizures experienced a seizure. Opioid withdrawal symptoms were experienced by 54 participants (93%) whilst taking tramadol. Over half (n = 38, 66%) reported using less heroin whilst on tramadol. Conclusion: Tramadol reduced heroin use but was associated with withdrawal symptoms and unfavourable side effects. Findings point to the limitations of tramadol as opioid withdrawal management to retain people in care and the importance of access to first-line opioid agonists.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Tramadol , Therapeutic Uses , COVID-19 , Opioid-Related Disorders , Signs and Symptoms , Analgesics, OpioidABSTRACT
Abstract To explore the effects and mechanisms of benzoylaconitine and paeoniflorin on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats. Weight, paw swelling, arthritis index and joint pathologic changes were examined in each group after CIA induction. PGE2, IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, VEGF, MMP-3, IgG and anti-CII Ab were assessed by ELISA; STAT1 and STAT3 expressions were analyzed immunohistochemically, and the ultrastructure of synovial cells was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Therapeutic effects were determined in CIA rats via injecting benzoylaconitine and paeoniflorin, which could alleviate the degree of swelling and arthritis index (AI) and pathological lesions of the sacroiliac gland; decrease the levels of PGE2, IL-1ß, TNF-α, VEGF and IgG in serum; reduce STAT1 and STAT3 expression in the membrane tissue; and inhibit the secretion and proliferation of synovial cells. These results showed that benzoylaconitine and paeoniflorin could significantly palliate the arthritic symptoms of CIA rats, and better therapeutic effects could be achieved if the two components were used in combination
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Arthritis, Experimental/chemically induced , Therapeutic Uses , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods , Dinoprostone/adverse effects , Interleukin-6/pharmacology , Interleukin-1/pharmacology , Interleukin-10/pharmacology , Matrix Metalloproteinases , Microscopy, Electron, Transmission/methodsABSTRACT
El marcapasos es un dispositivo que se utiliza como medida de tratamiento de ciertos tipos de arritmias, mejorando así la calidad de vida de las personas que padecen de esta afección de salud. A nivel nacional no se disponen de estudios en relación a esta temática por lo que el objetivo fue Determinar las principales indicaciones y complicaciones del implante de marcapasos endocárdico percutáneo definitivo en paciente del Hospital Militar Central De El Salvador en el periodo de 2018 a diciembre de 2021, la metodología fue fundamentada en el tipo de estudio descriptivo, documental, de corte transversal la población en estudio fueron 16 pacientes con colocación de implante de marcapasos durante el tiempo del estudio, se utilizó la técnicas de revisión de expedientes auxiliándose de la ficha de revisión de expediente clínicos. Resultado que el 87.5% son mayores de 70 años, el 62.5% fueron más mujeres que hombres, el 56.25% fue por la enfermedad del nodo, no se presentaron complicaciones, por lo que la conclusiones fueron que la mayoría de marcapasos implantados son marcapasos bicameral, por indicación de enfermedad del nodo, sin complicaciones y con una instancia en su mayoría de 1 a 2 días, Por lo que la investigación certifica que el avance de la edad condiciona a la colocación de marcapasos, al igual que el sexo que son factores que se relacionan a la susceptibilidad, como lo es la enfermedad de coronaria como lo es la enfermedad del nodo y bloqueo AV de 2° y 3° grado.
The pacemaker is a device that is used as a treatment measure for certain types of arrhythmias, thus improving the quality of life of people who suffer from this health condition. At the national level, there are no studies in relation to this topic, therefore that the objective was to know the main indications and complications of the definitive percutaneous endocardial pacemaker implantation in a patient at the Central Military Hospital of El Salvador in the period from 2018 to December 2021, the methodology was based on the type of descriptive, documentary, cross-sectional and retrospective, with a study population of 16 patients with pacemaker implant placement during the study time, file review techniques were used with the help of the clinical file review sheet, resulting in 87.5% are older than 70 years, 62.5% were more women than men, 56.25% were due to node disease, it was not presented complications, so the conclusions were that the majority of implanted pacemakers are dual-chamber pacemakers, due to indication of node disease, without complications and with an instance mostly of 1 to 2 days. Therefore, the investigation certifies that the progress Age determines the placement of pacemakers, as well as sex, which are factors related to susceptibility, such as coronary artery disease, 2nd and 3rd degree AV block and nodal disease.
Subject(s)
Postoperative Complications , Therapeutic UsesABSTRACT
Abstract Liver ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is a major clinical trouble encountered in clinical practice. This study aimed to examine the therapeutic effects of silymarin (SM) plus glutathione (GSH) on hepatic IR injury using a rat model of liver IR. Fifty male rats were randomly divided into five groups, each consisting of 10 rats as follows: Sham, IR, SM-IR, GSH-IR and SM plus GSH-IR. All groups except sham were subjected to 30-min ischemia and 24-h reperfusion. The treated groups received 100 mg/kg of SM, GSH and a mixture of SM plus GSH, 60 min prior to the IR. After a period of 24 h, blood and liver samples were collected for biochemical and histopathological evaluations. Pretreatment with SM, GSH and SM plus GSH before hepatic IR significantly decreased IR-induced elevations of aminotransferases, and significantly reduced the histopathological damage scores of the liver in the late phase of IR injury. Moreover, SM plus GSH treatment prior to liver IR significantly suppressed inflammatory process and oxidative stress as demonstrated by attenuations in tumor necrosis factor-α, myeloperoxidase and the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances. These findings suggest that administration of SM plus GSH prior to liver IR may protect the liver parenchyma from the effects of an IR injury
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Silymarin/adverse effects , Reperfusion Injury/pathology , Disease Prevention , Glutathione/adverse effects , Ischemia/pathology , Wounds and Injuries , Therapeutic UsesABSTRACT
Abstract Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, inflammation, and cell death are major pathogenic mechanisms in ischemic stroke. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) has anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory effects. So, this study aimed to elucidate the effects of DMF on brain ischemia in the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model. 69 Sprague-Dawley male rats were allocated into a sham group that was just subjected to surgery stress; vehicle and DMF groups, after MCAO, received vehicle or 30 mg/kg DMF for three days. Neurological scores were evaluated every day. BBB disruption was evaluated by the extravasation of Evans blue. In addition to the measurement of brain water content, the total and infarct volume, numerical density, and the total number of neurons, non-neurons, and dead neurons in the right cortex were estimated by stereological methods. RT-PCR was done to analyze the expression levels of NF-κB and Nrf2. Although brain ischemia treatment with DMF did not have a significant effect on the infarction size, it improved neurobehavioral function, BBB disruption, cerebral edema, increased number of neurons, and expression of Nrf2. It also decreased the number of dead neurons and the expression of NF-κB. DMF beneficial effects on stroke may be mediated through both increase of the Nrf2 and decrease of NF-κB expression
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Brain Ischemia/pathology , Therapeutic Uses , Dimethyl Fumarate/adverse effects , Brain Edema/pathologyABSTRACT
Abstract Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been shown to promote the growth, proliferation, and migration of endothelial and keratinocyte cells. Chitosan has been widely used as a biopolymer in wound-healing studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro proliferative effects of chitosan/pGM-CSF complexes as well as the therapeutic role of the complexes in an in vivo rat wound model. The effect of complexes on cell proliferation and migration was examined. Wounds were made in Wistar-albino rats, and examined histopathologically. The cell proliferation and migration were increased weight ratio- and time-dependently in HaCaT and NIH-3T3 cell lines. Wound healing was significantly accelerated in rats treated with the complexes. These results showed that the delivery of pGM-CSF using chitosan complexes could play an accelerating role in the cell proliferation, migration, and wound-healing process.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Therapeutics , Wound Healing , Wounds and Injuries/chemically induced , Therapeutic Uses , Chitosan/adverse effects , In Vitro Techniques/methods , Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/pharmacology , Cell ProliferationABSTRACT
Background:Lotus arabicus L and Lotusglaber Mill. belong to the family Fabaceae, and they grow in the wild in Egypt and have different therapeutic uses in folk medicine. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical profile, antimicrobial and antiviral properties of the methanolic extracts of two Lotus spp. growing in Egypt, L. arabicus and L. glaber.Material and methods: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to identify the compounds of the extracts of two Lotus species. An MTT colorimetric assay and the disc diffusion method were performed to investigate the antiviral and antimicrobial activities of two lotus species, respectively. Results: The n-hexane and methanol extracts of L. arabicuscontained high percentages of alkane hydrocarbons, such as 5-methyloctadecane, while L. glaber contained dodecane. The major compounds in the methanol extract of L. arabicuswere hexadecanoic acid methyl ester and dodecanoic acid,2,3-bis(acetyloxy)propyl ester. The major compounds in the methanol extract of L. glaber were palmitic acid and lucenin 2. The indole alkaloid ditaine was found only in L. arabicus. This alkaloid was identified for the first time in the genus Lotus. The antimicrobial properties of the extracts of the two Lotus species showed that the n-hexane extract of both Lotus species may have potential antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis and Aspergillus flavus. Moreover, the methanolic extracts of both Lotus species have potential antiviral activity against the coxsackie B virus, but only the L. arabicus extract showed activity against the hepatitis A virus. Conclusion:Lotus arabicus might have potential antifungal or antiviral activity greater than L. glaber
Antecedentes:Lotus arabicus L y Lotus glaber Mill. pertenecen a la familia de las fabáceas y crecen en estado silvestre en Egipto y tienen diferentes usos terapéuticos en la medicina popular. Objetivos: El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar el perfil fitoquímico y las propiedades antimicrobianas de los extractos metanólicos de dos especies de Lotus que crecen en Egipto, L. arabicus y L. glaber. Material y métodos: Se utilizó la cromatografía de gases-espectrometría de masas para identificar los compuestos de los extractos de las dos especies de Lotus. Se realizó un ensayo colorimétrico MTT y el método de difusión en disco para investigar las actividades antiviral y antimicrobiana de las dos especies de Lotus, respectivamente. Resultados: Los extractos de n-hexano y metanol de L. arabicus contenían altos porcentajes de hidrocarburos alcanos, como el 5-metiloctadecano, mientras que L. glaber contenía dodecano. Los principales compuestos del extracto de metanol de L. arabicus eran el éster metílico del ácido hexadecanoico y el éster dodecanoico, 2,3-bis(acetiloxi)propilo. Los principales compuestos del extracto de metanol de L. glaber fueron el ácido palmítico y la lucenina 2. El alcaloide indólico ditaína sólo se encontró en L. arabicus. Este alcaloide fue identificado por primera vez en el género Lotus. Las propiedades antimicrobianas de los extractos de las dos especies de Lotus mostraron que el extracto n-hexano de ambas especies de Lotus puede tener una potencial actividad antifúngica contra Candidaparapsilosis y Aspergillus flavus. Además, los extractos metanólicos de ambas especies de Lotustienen una potencial actividad antiviral contra el virus coxsackie B, pero sólo el extracto de L. arabicus mostró actividad contra el virus de la hepatitis A. Conclusión: L. arabicus puede tener una potencial actividad antifúngica o antiviral mayor que L. glaber
Subject(s)
Humans , Phytochemicals , Therapeutic Uses , Anti-Infective AgentsABSTRACT
La Homeopatía es una modalidad terapéutica que se practica desde el siglo XIX, siendo reconocida por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. En Cuba, con el desarrollo de la Medicina Natural y Tradicional (MNT), el uso de la Homeopatía se ha extendido y se ha incrementado el consumo de sus medicamentos. Objetivo: Caracterizar el consumo y el cumplimiento de las Buenas Prácticas de Preparación de medicamentos homeopáticos. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal del tipo consumo, en la Farmacia Homeopática Provincial de Santiago de Cuba. Resultados: El 94,03% del total de las ventas, fue mediante recetas médicas, entre los 12 medicamentos homeopáticos más prescriptos estuvieron la Drossera, Sambucus y Belladona. La especialidad con más prescripciones fue la de Pediatría con el 53,32%, recibiéndose recetas de 12 Instituciones de salud de la provincia. Dentro de los errores detectados en las recetas sin calidad predominó en el 87,35% la omisión de las potencias y errores en la nomenclatura del medicamento. En la valoración del cumplimiento de las normas de Buenas Prácticas de Preparación se obtuvo la puntuación de 83 puntos de 100, clasificándose el cumplimiento en dicho servicio con la categoría de Bien. La dispensación de los medicamentos homeopáticos resultó ser adecuada en el 100 % de los casos. Conclusión: Se comprobó el amplio uso de esta terapéutica en el territorio. Se detectaron deficiencias en la calidad de las recetas médicas. La dispensación constituyó un factor de impacto positivo en los pacientes(AU)
Homeopathy is a therapeutic modality that has been practiced since the 19th century, been recognized by the World Health Organization. In Cuba, with the development of Natural and Traditional Medicine (NTM), the use of Homeopathy has spread and the consumption of its medicines has increased. Objective: To characterize the consumption and compliance with the Good Practices for the Preparation of homeopathic medicines. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of the consumption type was carried out in the Provincial Homeopathic Pharmacy of Santiago de Cuba. Results: 94.03% of total sales were through medical prescriptions, among the 12 most prescribed homeopathic medicines were Drossera, Sambucus and Belladonna. The specialty with the most prescriptions was Pediatrics with 53.32%, with prescriptions received from 12 health institutions in the province. Among the errors detected in the prescriptions without quality, 87.35% were due to omission of potencies and errors in the nomenclature of the drug. In the evaluation of compliance with the standards of Good Preparation Practices, a score of 83 points out of 100 was obtained, classifying compliance in this service with the category of Good. The dispensing of homeopathic medicines was adequate in 100 % of the cases. Conclusion: The wide use of this therapy in the territory was verified. Deficiencies were detected in the quality of medical prescriptions. Dispensing was a factor of positive impact on patients(AU)