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1.
Med. infant ; 31(2): 104-110, Junio 2024. Ilus, Tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, UNISALUD, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1566278

ABSTRACT

Con el advenimiento de nuevas técnicas quirúrgicas y medicaciones inmunosupresoras la sobrevida de los niños trasplantados mejoró, llegando a la adultez. La continuidad de su tratamiento requiere un proceso planificado que permita su tránsito a un sistema de salud orientado al adulto. El objeto de este trabajo es mostrar la transición a centros de adultos en una cohorte de pacientes trasplantados renales en el Hospital Garrahan, describir sus características clínicas y demográficas, su evolución, y oportunidades de mejora implementadas. Debido a cambios médicos y su abordaje desde la interdisciplina, se dividió a la población en tres periodos: era 1 (1988-1999), era 2 (2000-2009), y era 3 (2010- 2023). En la era 1, 179 adolescentes continuaron su atención médica en un centro de adultos, 212 en la era 2 y 201 en la era 3. En la era 1 el seguimiento estaba coordinado por el nefrólogo de cabecera y eran consultados los servicios de Urología, Servicio Social y Salud Mental. En la era 2, se fortaleció el trabajo en interdisciplina y aún más a partir del 2011. Surgieron centros de trasplante de adultos que recibían adolescentes y médicos dedicados a ellos en forma preferencial. En la actualidad la transición comienza a los 12 años y progresa hasta los 18. El modelo implementado es la transición directa, entre el nefrólogo pediatra y el de adultos, con varias consultas secuenciales en ambos centros. Si bien la sobrevida del paciente e injerto mejoraron, el rechazo, asociado a no adherencia, es una asignatura por mejorar (AU)


With the advent of new surgical techniques and immunosuppressive medications, the survival of transplanted children has improved, allowing them to reach adulthood. The continuity of their treatment requires a planned process that facilitates their transition to an adult-oriented healthcare system. The aim of this study was to examine the transition to adult centers in a cohort of renal transplant patients at Garrahan Hospital, describing their clinical and demographic characteristics, their evolution, and the improvement opportunities implemented. Based on medical changes and the interdisciplinary approach, the population was divided into three periods: era 1 (1988- 1999), era 2 (2000-2009), and era 3 (2010-2023). In era 1, 179 adolescents continued their medical care in an adult center, 212 in era 2, and 201 in era 3. In era 1, follow-up was coordinated by the attending nephrologist with consultations from Urology, Social Services, and Mental Health Services. In era 2, interdisciplinary work was strengthened, and even more so since 2011. Adult transplant centers were created to receive adolescents with physicians dedicated to their care on a preferential basis. Currently, the transition begins at 12 years of age and progresses up to 18. The implemented model involves direct transition between the pediatric nephrologist and the adult nephrologist, with several sequential consultations in both centers. Although patient and graft survival have improved, rejection associated with non-adherence remains an area for improvement


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Patient Care Team , Kidney Transplantation , Treatment Outcome , Transition to Adult Care/organization & administration , Transitional Care , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/psychology , Graft Rejection/prevention & control , Graft Survival , Retrospective Studies , Observational Study
2.
Prensa méd. argent ; 110(2): 89-92, 20240000. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1562857

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La evidencia muestra una relación bidireccional entre la depresión y la enfermedad coronaria. La identificación de síntomas depresivos en la consulta de rehabilitación cardiovascular (RCV) puede ser un indicador valioso. Materiales y métodos. Aquellos pacientes que presentaron síntomas depresivos (autorreportados) fueron remitidos al servicio de Salud Mental (SM), y posteriormente se compararon con un grupo de pacientes sin estos síntomas y se evaluó su impacto en variables cardiovasculares. Resultados. Se evaluaron 60 pacientes. Se observó una adherencia del 86,44% (n=51). 13 pacientes fueron remitidos al área de HM (edad media 67,08 años; DE 6,09). Hemos analizado el impacto que puede representar este trastorno, tanto en la recuperación física como en la percepción de calidad de vida. Conclusiones. Los efectos positivos de la derivación a MH complementan los beneficios de la RCV. La mejora emocional del individuo también favorece la adherencia y el cumplimiento del tratamiento rehabilitador


Introduction. Evidence shows a bidirectional relationship between depression and coronary heart disease. The identification of depressive symptoms in the cardiovascular rehabilitation (CVR) consultation can be a valuable indicator. Materials and methods. Those patients who presented depressive symptoms (self-reported) were referred to the Mental Health (MH) service, and were subsequently compared with a group of patients without these symptoms, and their impact on cardiovascular variables was evaluated. Results. 60 patients were evaluated. An adherence of 86.44% (n=51) was observed. 13 patients were referred to the MH area (mean age 67.08 years; SD 6.09). We have analyzed the impact that this disorder can represent, both on physical recovery and on the perception of quality of life. Conclusions. The positive effects of referral to MH complement the benefits of CVR. The individual's emotional improvement also favors adherence and compliance with rehabilitation treatment


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Quality of Life/psychology , Depression/therapy , Cardiac Rehabilitation/psychology , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/psychology
3.
Arq. ciências saúde UNIPAR ; 27(2): 1027-1037, Maio-Ago. 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1425176

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Descrever a importância do processo de educação em saúde reali- zado pelo enfermeiro aos pacientes hipertensos na atenção básica. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica, onde foram utilizados artigos científicos identificados nas bases de dados: SciELO, LILACS e MEDLINE. Um total de 4.427 estudos foram encon- trados, após o refinamento oito foram selecionados para compor a amostra. Resultados: A estratégia educativa em saúde tem grande efetivação no tratamento da HAS, visto que o enfermeiro vai conhecer o paciente e direcioná-lo ao tratamento adequado, monitorando seu estado de saúde e evitando possíveis agravos. Contudo, o abandono do tratamento pelo cliente é uma das maiores dificuldades enfrentadas pelo o enfermeiro. Além disso, desafios no contexto do processo de trabalho em equipe e barreiras relacionadas à estru- tura física nas unidades de saúde. Considerações finais: O enfermeiro exerce um papel importante dentro do contexto da hipertensão arterial. Trazendo a prática baseada em evi- dências como abordagem, garantindo adesão ao tratamento e o controle dos níveis pres- sóricos da HAS.


Objective: To describe the importance of the health education process carried out by nurses with hypertensive patients in primary care. Methodology: This is a bibliographic review, where scientific articles identified in the databases: SciELO, LILACS and MEDLINE were used. A total of 4,427 studies were found, after refinement, eight were selected to compose the sample. Results: The health education strategy is highly effective in the treatment of SAH, as the nurse will get to know the patient and direct him to the appropriate treatment, monitoring his health status and avoiding possible injuries. However, abandonment of treatment by the client is one of the greatest difficulties faced by the nurse. In addition, challenges in the context of the teamwork process and barriers related to the physical structure in health units. Final considerations: Nurses play an important role within the context of arterial hypertension. Bringing evidence-based practice as an approach, ensuring adherence to treatment and control of blood pressure levels in SAH.


Objetivo: Describir la importancia del proceso de educación para la salud llevado a cabo por enfermeras con pacientes hipertensos en atención primaria. Metodología: Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica, donde los artículos científicos identificados en las bases de datos: SciELO, LILACS y MEDLINE. Fueron encontrados 4.427 estudios, después del refinamiento, ocho fueron seleccionados para componer la muestra. Resultados: La estrategia de educación sanitaria es altamente eficaz en el tratamiento de la HSA, ya que la enfermera conocerá al paciente y lo dirigirá al tratamiento adecuado, monitorizando su estado de salud y evitando posibles lesiones. Sin embargo, el abandono del tratamiento por parte del cliente es una de las mayores dificultades a las que se enfrenta la enfermera. Además, los desafíos en el contexto del proceso de trabajo en equipo y las barreras relacionadas con la estructura física en las unidades de salud. Consideraciones finales: Las enfermeras desempeñan un papel importante en el contexto de la hipertensión arterial. Traer la práctica basada en la evidencia como abordaje, garantizando la adherencia al tratamiento y el control de los niveles de presión arterial en la HTA.


Subject(s)
Patients , Health Education , Primary Care Nursing/instrumentation , Hypertension/nursing , Primary Health Care , Blood Pressure , Health Strategies , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/psychology , Nursing Care
4.
Cogit. Enferm. (Online) ; 27: e82644, Curitiba: UFPR, 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1394319

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever, na perspectiva do enfermeiro, as causas de abandono das usuárias em tratamento do adenocarcinoma cervical e analisar as propostas para diminuir esse abandono. Método: o estudo é descritivo, qualitativo, do tipo investigação narrativa. Participaram sete enfermeiros assistencialistas, atuantes em uma unidade de alta complexidade oncológica, na cidade de Macapá, capital do estado do Amapá, Brasil. O estudo foi realizado no período de três a 20 de dezembro de 2019. Os dados foram submetidos à análise temática categorial. Resultados: emergiram duas categorias: principais causas de abandono das usuárias em tratamento do adenocarcinoma cervical e estratégias do enfermeiro para a diminuição do abandono do tratamento pelas usuárias. Conclusão: para favorecer o resgate das usuárias, os enfermeiros participantes propõem consulta de Enfermagem e um plano de ação multiprofissional, respeitando as singularidades de cada mulher.


ABSTRACT Objective: to describe, from the perspective of nurses, the causes of dropout of users in treatment for cervical adenocarcinoma and analyze the proposals to reduce this dropout. Method: the study is descriptive, qualitative, of narrative research type. Seven care nurses, working in a high complexity oncology unit in the city of Macapá, capital of the state of Amapá, Brazil, participated. The study was conducted in the period from December three to 20, 2019. Data were submitted to categorical thematic analysis. Results: two categories emerged: main causes of dropout of users in treatment for cervical adenocarcinoma and nurse strategies for the reduction of treatment dropout by users. Conclusion: to promote the rescue of the users, the participating nurses propose a Nursing consultation and a multi-professional action plan, respecting the singularities of each woman.


RESUMEN Objetivo: describir, desde el punto de vista del enfermero, las causas de abandono de las usuarias en el tratamiento del adenocarcinoma de cuello uterino y analizar las propuestas para disminuir dicho abandono. Método: El estudio es una investigación descriptiva, cualitativa y narrativa. Participaron siete enfermeros asistenciales, que trabajan en una unidad de oncología de alta complejidad en la ciudad de Macapá, capital del estado de Amapá, Brasil. El estudio se realizó en el periodo comprendido entre el 3 y el 20 de diciembre de 2019. Los datos se sometieron a un análisis categórico temático. Resultados: surgieron dos categorías: principales causas de abandono de las usuarias en el tratamiento del adenocarcinoma cervical y estrategias de los enfermeros para reducir el abandono del tratamiento por parte de las usuarias. Conclusión: para favorecer el resguardo de las usuarias, los enfermeros participantes proponen una consulta de Enfermería y un plan de acción multiprofesional, resaltando las singularidades de cada mujer.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Patient Dropouts/psychology , Adenocarcinoma/psychology , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/psychology , Nurses/psychology , Brazil , Adenocarcinoma/nursing , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/nursing , Qualitative Research , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/psychology , Family Support/psychology
5.
Rev. cub. inf. cienc. salud ; 33: e1912, 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1408130

ABSTRACT

La hipertensión arterial es una de las enfermedades crónicas de mayor incidencia a nivel mundial, produce una importante mortalidad y discapacidad. Este trabajo tuvo por objetivo evaluar el efecto del uso de mensajes de texto en dispositivos de telefonía móvil en la adherencia al tratamiento de hipertensión arterial. Se efectuó un estudio de intervención cuasiexperimental, de antes y después, en el cual se entrevistó a pacientes que pertenecían a un programa ambulatorio de enfermedades crónicas. Se formaron 4 grupos, uno de ellos, el grupo control. A los grupos intervenidos se les remitieron mensajes de texto (educativos/motivadores), con diferentes frecuencias de envío, por un período de 2 meses. Al término de la intervención, se pidió llenar el cuestionario Martín-Bayarre-Grau para determinar su adherencia al tratamiento antihipertensivo antes y después de la intervención. Se realizó un análisis bivariado, en el cual se comparó la variable adherencia al tratamiento, antes y después de la intervención, de los cuatro grupos del estudio. Se encontró solo una diferencia significativa en el grupo 3 (p = 0,011), al cual se le enviaron 8 mensajes al mes (2 por semana). También se comparó, después de los 2 meses, a los grupos sometidos a intervención versus el grupo control; se halló una diferencia significativa en el grupo 3 (p = 0,022). La intervención ha demostrado ser útil para mejorar la adherencia en esta población de estudio. Se obtuvo una respuesta positiva en el grupo 3, que recibió 8 mensajes al mes(AU)


Hypertension is one of the chronic diseases with the highest incidence worldwide and a cause of considerable mortality and disability. This paper aims to evaluate the effect of mobile phone text messaging on adherence to hypertension treatment. A quasi-experimental before-after intervention was conducted based on interviews with patients from a chronic disease outpatient program. Four groups were formed, one of which was the control group. The groups intervened were sent encouraging educational text messages at varying frequencies for a period of two months. At the close of the intervention, participants were asked to fill in the Martín Bayarre Grau questionnaire to determine their adherence to antihypertensive treatment before and after the intervention. A bivariate analysis was performed comparing the variable adherence to treatment before and after the intervention in the four study groups. A significant difference was only found in Group 3 (p = 0.011). This group was sent eight messages per month (two messages per week). Additionally, a comparison between the intervention groups and the control group conducted at two months found a significant difference in Group 3 (p = 0.022). The intervention proved was useful to improve adherence in the study population. A positive response was obtained in Group 3, who received eight messages per month(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Risk Factors , Cell Phone , Text Messaging , Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/methods , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/psychology , Hypertension/epidemiology
6.
Clin. biomed. res ; 42(3): 243-250, 2022.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1415646

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Glycemic decompensation in diabetes is one of the major factors for the development of chronic disease complications. Factors involved in the adequate control of diabetes include adherence to pharmacological treatment and knowledge about the disease.Methods: Cross-sectional study on the factors associated with adherence to drug treatment and knowledge about diabetes in diabetic patients treated at Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria between 2018 and 2019, based on the validated Morisky-Green test and on the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire.Results: A total of 201 patients diagnosed with diabetes were included, the majority (85.6%) of which had type 2 diabetes and were white (75.6%), with a mean age of 59.4 years. An association between insufficient knowledge about diabetes and patients with type 2 diabetes was observed. An association was found between patients with type 2 diabetes using insulin and non-adherence to drug treatment compared with patients with type 2 diabetes who did use insulin. The research also showed that non-adherence to drug treatment was associated with higher occurrence of hypoglycemia compared with patients who adhered to drug treatment.Conclusion: The data obtained in our study allows us to conclude that non-adherence to pharmacological treatment makes diabetes therapy more complicated and worsens the prognosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Diabetes Complications/complications , Medication Adherence/psychology , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/psychology , Glycemic Control/statistics & numerical data , Diabetes Mellitus/pathology , Diabetes Mellitus/drug therapy , Medication Adherence/statistics & numerical data
7.
J. bras. psiquiatr ; 70(4): 330-337, out.-dez.2021. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1350962

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Evidenciar a influência dos aspectos subjetivos na adesão ao tratamento do transtorno bipolar. MÉTODOS: Foi realizada revisão sistemática com base nas diretrizes PRISMA. A identificação dos estudos foi realizada por meio da busca nos bancos de dados PubMed, Scopus e SciELO, com base nos descritores "Bipolar Disorder" AND "Treatment Adherence and Compliance" AND "Mental Health". A busca contemplou todos os artigos publicados até o ano 2020, sem restrição de idioma. RESULTADOS: Foram localizados 743 artigos, 714 foram excluídos no processo de seleção, 29 foram lidos na íntegra e 11 foram elegíveis para a composição da amostra. A influência dos aspectos subjetivos na adesão ao tratamento foi associada (1) às atitudes resultantes das percepções do sujeito sobre o transtorno e o tratamento e (2) as atitudes por influência de pessoas próximas. Os estudos apontam para a ocorrência de atitudes negativas em ambas as esferas, tendo a má adesão ao tratamento como desfecho. Na esfera da percepção do sujeito, evidenciam-se: presença de comportamentos intencionais e não intencionais; percepção de consequências; medo dos efeitos colaterais; sentimentos negativos; falta de compreensão sobre o transtorno e negação do diagnóstico. Na esfera da influência das pessoas próximas, destacam-se a baixa qualidade da aliança terapêutica e o suporte ineficaz oferecido pela família. CONCLUSÕES: Para melhorar a adesão ao tratamento do transtorno bipolar, é salutar que os esforços terapêuticos estejam centrados na experiência particular do sujeito, na sua satisfação e na colaboração pactuada com o tratamento.


OBJECTIVE: Evidence the influence of subjective aspects on adherence to the treatment of bipolar disorder. METHODS: A systematic review was performed based on the PRISMA guidelines. The identification of studies was performed by searching the PubMed, Scopus and Scielo databases based on the descriptors "Bipolar Disorder" AND "Treatment Adherence and Compliance" AND "Mental Health". The selection included all articles published up to the year 2020 and without language restrictions. RESULTS: A total of 743 articles were found, 714 were excluded from the selection process, 29 articles were read in full and 11 were eligible for sample composition. The influence of subjective aspects on treatment adherence was associated (1) with attitudes resulting from the subject's perceptions about the disorder and treatment and (2) attitudes influenced by people close to them. Studies point to the occurrence of negative attitudes in both spheres, with poor adherence to treatment as an outcome. In the sphere of the subject's perception, they show the presence of intentional and unintentional behaviors; perception of consequences; fear of side effects; negative feelings; lack of understanding about the disorder and denial of diagnosis. In the sphere of influence of those close to them, they highlight the low quality of the therapeutic alliance and the ineffective support offered by the family. CONCLUSIONS: To improve adherence to treatment for bipolar disorder, it is beneficial that therapeutic efforts are centered on the individual's particular experience, on their satisfaction and on the agreed collaboration with the treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Bipolar Disorder/psychology , Bipolar Disorder/drug therapy , Attitude to Health , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/psychology , Social Support , Antipsychotic Agents/pharmacology , Lithium Carbonate/pharmacology
8.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 34(4): 400-408, July-Aug. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1286839

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death worldwide. There is a lack of studies addressing this issue in women and its risk factors, such as hypertension. Objective To evaluate the clinical and therapeutic profile of women with hypertension and to determine which factors are related to treatment adherence and blood pressure control. Methods Cross-sectional study of 181 hypertensive women treated at an outpatient referral clinic. Data were obtained from medical records, face-to-face interviews, and physical examination, using a standardized form. Statistical analysis was performed with prevalence ratio, chi-square and Student's t test. Significance was accepted at p<0.05. Results Most patients were mixed-race or black (91.7%) and the mean age was 66.09 years. Only 44.2% of patients had controlled blood pressure. The prevalence of stroke was 14.9%, whereas the prevalence of coronary artery disease was 19.3%. The mean number of oral antihypertensive drugs prescribed to each individual was 3.41. A history of stroke was more often found in patients with uncontrolled blood pressure (p=0.013) and in those using three or more antihypertensives (p=0.023). Eighty patients (44.2%) had high treatment adherence. Depression was more frequently reported by patients with poorer adherence to treatment (p=0.026). Conclusion Women with hypertension presented a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular events, including a significantly higher prevalence of stroke in those with uncontrolled hypertension. Self-reported depression may help identify patients at risk of nonadherence to treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Ambulatory Care/methods , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/psychology , Hypertension/prevention & control , Cross-Sectional Studies , Stroke/etiology , Depression/complications , Heart Disease Risk Factors , Hypertension/drug therapy
9.
Distúrb. comun ; 33(1): 59-67, mar. 2021. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1399941

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A falta de adesão à fonoterapia é comum na área de voz. Diversos fatores podem estar associados, porém poucos estudos se propuseram a estudar características emocionais dos pacientes. Objetivo: Verificar se o traço e estado de ansiedade, transtornos mentais comuns e sintomas vocais podem diferenciar pacientes com e sem adesão à fonoterapia em voz. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo, de campo e quantitativo. Participaram 24 pacientes, com média das idades de 47,79 (+18.83) anos, distribuídos em: Grupo de pacientes que aderiram à fonoterapia (PAF) e pacientes que não aderiram à fonoterapia na área de voz (PNAF). Foram aplicados a Escala de Sintomas vocais (ESV), Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) e Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado. Resultados: Pacientes do PAF apresentaram médias de 34.20 (+10,67) e 39,53 (+11,09) para o traço e estado de ansiedade, respectivamente. Enquanto participantes do PNAF apresentaram médias de 33.89 (+10,34) e 45,22 (+9,34), respectivamente. No que se refere ao SRQ-20, pacientes do PAF obtiveram média de 5,93 (+3,99) e o PNAF de 7,33 (+3,66). Finalmente, o grupo PAF apresentou média de 56,54 (+27,51) e o PNAF de 46,38 (+15,80) para o escore total da ESV. Não foram observadas diferenças entre os grupos para o traço e estado de ansiedade, SRQ e escore total da ESV. Conclusão: Pacientes sem adesão à fonoterapia em voz apresentam menores graus de escolaridade, de sintomas vocais e escores mais elevados de transtornos mentais comuns. Entretanto não foram fatores decisivos para diferenciá-los quanto à adesão à fonoterapia vocal.


Introduction: The lack of adherence to speech therapy is common in the voice area. Several factors may be associated, but few studies have been proposed to study patients' emotional characteristics. Purpose: To verify if trait and state of anxiety, common mental disorders and vocal symptoms may differ patients with and without adherence to voice therapy. Methods: Retrospective, field and quantitative study. The participants were 24 patients, with a mean age of 47.79 (+18.83) years, distributed in: Group of patients who adhered to speech therapy (PAST) and patients who did not adhere to speech therapy in the voice area (PNAST). The Voice Symptom Scale (VoiSS), Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) and Trait-State Anxiety Inventory were applied. Results: PAST patients had averages of 34.20 (+10.67) and 39.53 (+11.09) for the trait and state of anxiety, respectively. While PNAST patients had averages of 33.89 (+10.34) and 45.22 (+9.34), respectively. With regard to the SRQ-20, PAST patients obtained an average of 5.93 (+3.99) and the PNAST of 7.33 (+3.66). Finally, the PAST group had an average of 56.54 (+27.51) and the PNAST, of 46.38 (+15.80) for the VoiSS total score. There were no significant differences between groups for trait and state of anxiety, SRQ and total VoiSS score. Conclusion: Patients without adherence to speech therapy have lower levels of education, vocal symptoms and higher scores for common mental disorders. However, these were not decisive factors to differentiate these patients about adherence to voice therapy.


Introducción: La falta de adherencia a la terapia del habla es común en el área de la voz. Se pueden asociar varios factores, pero pocos estudios han propuesto estudiar las características emocionales de los pacientes. Objetivo: Verificar si el rasgo y el estado de ansiedad, los trastornos mentales comunes y los síntomas vocales pueden diferenciar a los pacientes con y sin adherencia a la terapia del habla en la voz. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, de campo y cuantitativo. Participaron 24 pacientes, con una edad media de 47,79 (+18,83) años, distribuidos en: Grupo de pacientes que adhirieron a la terapia del habla (PATH) y pacientes que no se adhirieron a la terapia del habla en el área de la voz (PNATH). Se aplicaron la Escala de síntomas de voz (ESV), el Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) y el Inventario de ansiedad por rasgo- estado. Resultados: los pacientes con PATH tuvieron promedios de 34.20 (+10.67) y 39.53 (+11.09) para el rasgo y el estado de ansiedad, respectivamente. Mientras que los participantes de PNATH tuvieron promedios de 33.89 (+10.34) y 45.22 (+9.34), respectivamente. Con respecto al SRQ-20, los pacientes del PATH obtuvieron un promedio de 5.93 (+3.99) y el PNATH de 7.33 (+3.66). Finalmente, el grupo PATH tuvo un promedio de 56.54 (+27.51) y el PNATH de 46.38 (+15.80) para el puntaje total de ESV. No hubo diferencias entre los grupos para el rasgo (p = 0,98) y el estado (p = 019) de ansiedad, SRQ (p = 0,4) y la puntuación total de ESV (p = 0,18). Conclusión: Los pacientes sin adherencia a la terapia del habla tienen niveles más bajos de educación, síntomas vocales y puntuaciones más altas para los trastornos mentales comunes. Sin embargo, no fueron factores decisivos para diferenciarlos con respecto a la adherencia a la terapia del habla vocal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Speech Therapy , Dysphonia/etiology , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/psychology , Voice , Retrospective Studies , Diagnostic Self Evaluation , Mental Disorders/complications
10.
Rev. cuba. salud pública ; 46(4): e1990, oct.-dic. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1156623

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El papel fundamental de un sistema de salud es responder a las necesidades de la población, lo cual implica desarrollar mecanismos que permitan una prestación integral, accesible y equitativa a sus servicios. Objetivos: Valorar las barreras de acceso a la atención de salud y la adherencia en pacientes con tuberculosis en una región de alta carga en el Perú. Métodos: Investigación de enfoque mixto, realizada en el periodo de enero a septiembre del 2018 en 120 pacientes con tuberculosis. Para el enfoque cuantitativo se realizó un estudio transversal analítico, donde se abordaron preguntas de acceso a servicios de salud utilizando el modelo de Tanahashi. La adherencia al tratamiento fue medida a través del test de Morisky-Green. Para el diseño cualitativo se utilizó la metodología de grupos focales con 30 pacientes para profundizar sus experiencias acerca de los determinantes de acceso. Resultados: La mayoría de las barreras se identificaron en las dimensiones: aceptabilidad, contacto y disponibilidad. Se encontró asociación entre la adherencia al tratamiento y los siguientes indicadores: el temor o vergüenza de atenderse en un servicio de salud, desconfianza con los equipos de salud, percepción de mala calidad de la atención, falta de conciencia de la enfermedad, efectos secundarios de los medicamentos el número y tamaño de las píldoras. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos del presente estudio sugieren la existencia de barreras contextuales y del sistema de salud que impiden el acceso a los pacientes con tuberculosis, y si estas no se tienen en consideración podrían dificultar la adherencia del tratamiento para tuberculosis. Sin embargo, conseguir actuar dentro de una lógica que privilegie una asistencia centrada en el paciente, considerando sus singularidades y autonomía frente al proceso terapéutico puede tornarse una tarea difícil para los servicios de salud donde la demanda supera los recursos y su estructura(AU)


Introduction: The fundamental role of a health system is to respond to the needs of the population, which involves developing mechanisms that enable a comprehensive, accessible and equitable delivery of its services. Objectives: Assess access barriers to health care and adherence in TB patients in a high-burden region of Peru. Methods: Mixed-approach research conducted in the period January to September 2018 in 120 TB patients. For the quantitative approach, an analytical cross-sectional study was conducted, where questions on access to health services were addressed using the Tanahashi model. Adherence to treatment was measured through the Morisky-Green test. For qualitative design, the focus group methodology with 30 patients was used to deepen in their experiences of access determinants. Results: Most barriers were identified in the following dimensions: acceptability, contact and availability. An association was found between adherence to treatment and the following indicators: the fear or shame of being attended in a health service, mistrust with health teams, perception of poor quality of care, lack of awareness of the disease, side effects of medications, the number and size of the pills. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest contextual and health system barriers that prevent access to TB patients, and if these are not taken into account, they could hinder adherence to TB treatment. However, acting within a logic that favors patient-centered care, considering its uniqueness and autonomy from the therapeutic process can become a difficult task for health services where demand exceeds the resources and their structure(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Tuberculosis/epidemiology , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/psychology , Peru , Cross-Sectional Studies
11.
Nursing (Ed. bras., Impr.) ; 23(269): 4683-4694, out.2020.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1145366

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Conhecer as vivências de usuários de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial de álcool e de drogas em Minas Gerais. Método: Pesquisa exploratória, descritiva e de abordagem qualitativa. A amostra foi composta por 18 participantes determinada pela técnica de saturação. A coleta de dados foi realizada por entrevista semiestruturada com questões norteadoras, gravadas, transcritas, e por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo, resultou em quatro categorias. Resultado: A maior dificuldade em aderir ao tratamento é o rompimento dos vínculos familiares e as fragilidades sociais. O acolhimento interfere na adesão e abandono do tratamento. Relatam ainda a falta de estrutura do ambiente coletivo e de atividades recreativas. Conclusão: Tem-se como ponto facilitador para adesão ao tratamento o acolhimento, a escuta ativa e a família. Como incipiente tem-se a infraestrutura física do local, as atividades de lazer e as oficinas terapêuticas.(AU)


Objectives: To know the experiences of users of a Psychosocial Care Center for alcohol and drugs in Minas Gerais. Method: This is an exploratory, descriptive and qualitative approach. The sample was composed by 18 participants determined by the saturation technique. The data collection was done through a semi-structured interview with four guiding questions, recorded, transcribed, and through the technique of content analysis, resulted in four categories. Results: Revealed that the greatest difficulty in adhering to treatment is the disruption of family ties correlated with social difficulties such as social exclusion and street dwelling. For most, the way in which the host occurs interferes with adherence and abandonment of treatment. They also report the lack of structure of the collective environment and recreational activities. Conclusion: Users reported as a facilitator for adherence to treatment, welcoming, active listening of professionals and the family as an essential support. It has as incipient the infrastructure of the establishment, the leisure activities and the therapeutic workshops.(AU)


Objetivos: Conocer las experiencias de los usuarios de un Centro de Atención Psicosocial para el consumo de alcohol y drogas en Minas Gerais. Método: Este es un enfoque exploratorio, descriptivo y cualitativo. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 18 participantes determinados por la técnica de saturación. La recolección de datos se realizó a través de una entrevista semiestructurada con cuatro preguntas de guía, grabadas, transcritas y mediante la técnica de análisis de contenido, que dio como resultado cuatro categorías. Resultados: Reveló que la mayor dificultad para adherirse al tratamiento es la interrupción de los lazos familiares relacionados con dificultades sociales como la exclusión social y la vivienda en la calle. Para la mayoría, la forma en que se produce el huésped interfiere con la adherencia y el abandono del tratamiento. También denuncian la falta de estructura del entorno colectivo y las actividades recreativas. Conclusión: Los usuarios informaron como facilitadores de la adherencia al tratamiento, la bienvenida y la escucha activa de los profesionales y la familia como un apoyo esencial. Tiene como incipiente la infraestructura del establecimiento, las actividades de ocio y los talleres terapéuticos.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Psychiatric Nursing , Mental Health , Drug Users , Mental Health Services , User Embracement , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/psychology
12.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 36(2): 100-108, jun. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1138541

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: La resistencia antibiótica y una inadecuada adherencia terapéutica son fenómenos que favorecen la proliferación de la tuberculosis. Los cambios sociodemográficos nos desafían a conocer la realidad actual de la enfermedad a través de antecedentes que nos permitan contextualizar un nuevo escenario. OBJETIVO: Caracterizar el perfil biopsicosocial del paciente con tuberculosis y su relación con la adherencia terapéutica. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Estudio descriptivo, transversal, correlacional. Muestra de 90 pacientes tratados en 35 Centros de Salud Familiar de los Servicios de Salud de Iquique, Metropolitano Norte, Concepción y Reloncaví. RESULTADOS: los componentes biopsicosociales como edad, antecedentes de enfermedad mental, autoestima, situación sentimental, pertenencia a grupos de riesgo, alcoholismo, drogadicción y situación de calle presentaron una relación estadísticamente significación con la adherencia terapéutica. CONCLUSIONES: La caracterización biopsicosocial del paciente con tuberculosis visibiliza nuevos factores relacionados con la adherencia que deben ser considerados para una atención interdisciplinaria.


BACKGROUND: Antibiotic resistance and inadequate therapeutic adherence are phenomena that promote the proliferation of tuberculosis. Sociodemographic changes challenge us to know the real situation of the disease and allows us to contextualize a new scenario. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the biopsychosocial profile of the patient with tuberculosis and its relationship to therapeutic adherence. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational study. Sample of 90 patients treated at 35 Family Health Centers from the following Chilean Public Health Services: Iquique, Metropolitan northern (Santiago), Concepción and Reloncaví. RESULTS: Biopsychosocial components such as age, history of mental illness, self-esteem, sentimental status, belonging to risk groups, alcoholism, drug addiction and homeless situation presented a statistically significant relationship with therapeutic adherence. CONCLUSIONS: The biopsychosocial characterization of the TB patient evidence a new adherence-related factors that should be considered for interdisciplinary care.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Tuberculosis/psychology , Tuberculosis/drug therapy , Medication Adherence/psychology , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/psychology , Self Concept , Socioeconomic Factors , Risk Groups , Ill-Housed Persons , Chile , Family Health , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Substance-Related Disorders/psychology , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Alcoholism/psychology , Medication Adherence/statistics & numerical data , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/statistics & numerical data , Correlation of Data , Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use
13.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 73(5): e20190430, 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1115340

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objectives: to verify the association between knowledge and adherence to foot self-care practices performed by patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Methods: cross-sectional, descriptive study carried out with 197 patients in basic health units located in the Northeast region of Brazil. For data collection, we used a semi-structured questionnaire that addressed issues inherent to knowledge and Diabetes Self-Care Activities. Results: we observed that patients with moderate knowledge about self-care practices were more likely to perform foot self-examination, dry the interdigital spaces, moisturize their feet with creams and oils, observe the presence of mycosis and ingrown toenail when compared to patients with insufficient knowledge. Conclusions: the patients' level of knowledge was closely related to the self-care activities carried out, which reinforces the importance of nurses working on training those on essential health care.


RESUMEN Objetivos: verificar la asociación entre conocimiento y adherencia a las prácticas de autocuidado de pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, transversal, realizado con 197 pacientes en unidades básicas de salud ubicadas en el Noreste de Brasil. Para la recopilación de datos, fue utilizado un cuestionario semiestructurado que aborda temas relacionados con el conocimiento y las actividades de autocuidado, como la diabetes. Resultados: ha observado que los pacientes con control moderado sobre las prácticas de autocuidado han tenido más probabilidades de realizar autoexamen de los pies, secar los espacios interdigitales, hidratar los pies con cremas y aceites, observar la presencia de micras y uña encarnada, en comparación a los pacientes con conocimiento insuficiente. Conclusiones: el nivel de conocimiento de los pacientes estaba estrechamente relacionado con las actividades de autocuidado realizadas, lo que refuerza la importancia del enfermero actuar en la capacitación de aquellos acerca de los cuidados esenciales con su salud.


RESUMO Objetivos: verificar a associação entre o conhecimento e a adesão às práticas de autocuidado com os pés realizadas por pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Métodos: estudo transversal, descritivo, realizado com 197 pacientes em unidades básicas de saúde localizadas na região Nordeste do Brasil. Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizado um questionário semiestruturado que abordava questões inerentes ao conhecimento e às Atividades de Autocuidado com o Diabetes. Resultados: observou-se que os pacientes com conhecimento moderado sobre as práticas de autocuidado tiveram mais chances de realizar autoexame dos pés, secar os espaços interdigitais, hidratar os pés com cremes e óleos, observar a presença de micose e unha encravada, quando comparados aos pacientes com conhecimento insuficiente. Conclusões: o nível de conhecimento dos pacientes apresentou estreita relação com as atividades de autocuidado realizadas, o que reforça a importância de o enfermeiro atuar na capacitação daqueles sobre os cuidados essenciais com sua saúde.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Podiatry/standards , Self Care/standards , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Diabetes Mellitus/psychology , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/psychology , Podiatry/statistics & numerical data , Self Care/statistics & numerical data , Self Care/methods , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Diabetes Mellitus/therapy , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/statistics & numerical data
14.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: biblio-1136732

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the level of self-referenced treatment adherence (TA) and its association with clinical and sociodemographic variables in patients with cystic fibrosis assisted at a reference center, as well as compare the level of self-referenced TA with that presumed by the multidisciplinary team. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that included children and adolescents aged between 0-20 years with cystic fibrosis. Adolescents older than 14 years or their guardians, when younger than 14 years old, were interviewed using a standardized questionnaire. Professionals from the multidisciplinary clinic filled out another form with their impressions of the patients' TA. Clinical and laboratory data were obtained in the medical records. The TA was considered satisfactory if the total adherence index (TAI) was equal or higher than 80%. Results: 53 patients were included with a median age of 112 months. The mean TAI was 83.2%. The mean TAIs for dornase alfa, pancreatic enzymes, continued use of inhaled tobramycin, vitamins supplements, nutritional supplements and dietary orientation was respectively: 86.1; 96.6; 78.6; 88.1; 51.8 and 78%. Children younger than 14 years presented better TA (p=0.021). The correlation between the self-referenced TA and the one presumed by the multidisciplinary team ranged from 0,117 to 0.402, being higher for Psychology and Nutrition professionals. Conclusions: The TAI was high particularly among children younger than 14 years. There was a positive correlation between the self-referenced TA and the one presumed by the Psychology (p=0.032) and the nutrition (p=0.012) professionals.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o grau de adesão ao tratamento (AT) autorreferida e pesquisar sua associação com variáveis clínicas e sociodemográficas em pacientes com fibrose cística (FC) de um centro de referência e comparar o grau de AT autorreferida com o presumido pela equipe multidisciplinar. Métodos: Estudo transversal, incluindo crianças e adolescentes com FC entre zero e 20 anos. Foram realizadas entrevistas com os adolescentes maiores de 14 anos ou com os responsáveis dos mais jovens, utilizando-se formulário padronizado. Profissionais do centro preencheram outro formulário com suas impressões da AT dos pacientes. Registraram-se dados clínicos por meio da revisão de prontuários. A AT foi considerada satisfatória se o índice de adesão global (IAG) fosse igual ou superior a 80%. Resultados: Foram incluídos 53 pacientes, com mediana de idade de 112 meses. O IAG médio foi de 83,2%. Os índices de adesão à terapêutica (IAT) médios para alfadornase, enzimas pancreáticas, tobramicina inalatória de uso contínuo, suplementos vitamínicos, suplementos nutricionais e orientações dietéticas foram, respectivamente, 86,1; 96,6; 78,6; 88,1; 51,8 e 78%. Crianças com idade inferior a 14 anos apresentaram melhor AT (p=0,021). As correlações entre a AT autorreferida e a presumida pelos profissionais variaram de 0,117 a 0,402, sendo maiores para a psicologia e a nutrição. Conclusões: A taxa global de AT foi elevada, principalmente para menores de 14 anos. Houve correlação positiva entre a AT autorreferida e as avaliações da psicologia (p=0,032) e da nutrição (p=0,012).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Cystic Fibrosis/therapy , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies , Age Factors , Combined Modality Therapy , Cystic Fibrosis/psychology , Self Report , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/psychology
15.
Rev. chil. salud pública ; 24(1): 11-22, 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1121586

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: Generar evidencia sobre los efectos de la posición social en la adhe-rencia terapéutica en personas con hipertensión arterial (HTA) en Colombia. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio transversal, a partir de mediciones cuan-titativas del Programa de Determinantes Sociales e Inequidades en el Control de la HTA en Colombia. Se desarrollaron análisis descriptivos e inferenciales (regresión logística) para modelar las asociaciones. RESULTADOS: Se evidenció una alta proporción de adherencia, siendo mayor para cumplimiento farmacológico y las citas (>50%). Las personas con menor educación e ingresos tienen menor posibilidad de adherirse al tratamiento farmacológico; mientras que quienes tienen mejor posición socioeconómica tienen menor posibilidad de adherirse a las citas y a las conductas saludables. Los afrocolombianos tienen menor posibilidad de adherirse al tratamiento farmacológico, a las citas y a la actividad física. DISCUSIÓN: Existe una brecha en el logro de la adherencia a tratamiento de HTA en Colombia, debido a condiciones socioeconómicas y étnica/raciales.


INTRODUCTION: To generate evidence on the effects of social position on therapeutic adherence among individuals with hypertension (HT) in Colombia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out, using quantitative data from the Social Determinants and Inequities in the Control of HT Program in Colombia. Descriptive and inferential analyses (logistic regression) were developed to model the associations. RESULTS: The prevalence of adherence was high, especially for pharmacological treat-ment and compliance with appointments (>50%). Individuals with less education and lower income are less likely to adhere to pharmacological treatment, while tho-se with higher socioeconomic status are less likely to adhere to appointments and healthy behaviors. Afro-Colombians were less likely to adhere to pharmacological treatment, appointments, and indications regarding physical activity. DISCUSSION: There is a gap in HT treatment adherence in Colombia, due to socioeco-nomic and ethnic/racial conditions


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/statistics & numerical data , Economic Status , Hypertension/psychology , Hypertension/therapy , Social Class , Exercise , Health Behavior , Ethnicity , Logistic Models , Cross-Sectional Studies , Colombia , Medication Adherence , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/psychology
16.
São Paulo med. j ; 137(6): 479-485, Nov.-Dec. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1094528

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) may lead to viral replication and development of antiretroviral resistance. OBJECTIVE: To identify the factors associated with nonadherence to ART among people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (PLWHA). DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study in a tertiary-level hospital in northeastern Brazil. METHODS: Intake of less than 90% of the antiretroviral drugs prescribed in the last week prior to the interview was defined as nonadherence. Intake was evaluated using a questionnaire. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were conducted on the study population, with estimation of the respective odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: The prevalence of nonadherence was 28.4%. Significant associations were found regarding the following variables: age less than 35 years, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, lack of medication and lack of knowledge regarding the patient's HIV status, on the part of the patient's partner or family. CONCLUSIONS: Encouragement of adherence to antiretroviral therapy is one of the fundamental pillars of treatment for HIV-infected patients. The high proportion of nonadherence (28.4%) and the predictive factors related to this indicate that it is necessary to improve patients' adherence to antiretroviral therapy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/statistics & numerical data , Medication Adherence/statistics & numerical data , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , Attitude to Health , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Demography/statistics & numerical data , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/psychology , Medication Adherence/psychology , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/psychology
17.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 72(5): 1161-1166, Sep.-Oct. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1042157

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess a specific instant messaging application as a tool of care for people living with HIV/aids, based on analysis of the interactions between nurse and patients. Method: Descriptive, quantitative study with 102 patients from two outpatient infectious disease clinics of Fortaleza, Ceará. During four months, participants received a message every 15 days, totaling eight messages, regarding: adherence to antiretroviral therapy; physical activity; social support; self-esteem; anxiety/depression; eating habits; alcohol and drugs; and sexuality. Results: There were 816 interactions, especially for dialogs about performing physical activity (27.87%), sharing of signs and symptoms (18.03%), report of engagement with treatment (9.84%) and requests of information on the intake of medicine (9.84%). Most participants showed satisfaction with the follow-up, with willingness to continue receiving messages (90.58%). Conclusion: The use of this application is a viable strategy to improve care for people with HIV by promoting instant communication.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la aplicación de mensajes instantáneos como herramienta de cuidado a las personas que viven con VIH/sida, a partir del análisis de las interacciones entre enfermero y pacientes. Método: Estudio descriptivo, cuantitativo con 102 pacientes de dos ambulatorios de infectología de Fortaleza (Ceará, Brasil). Durante cuatro meses, los participantes recibieron un mensaje cada 15 días, resultando en ocho mensajes, acerca de: adhesión a la terapia antirretroviral; actividad física; apoyo social; autoestima; ansiedad/depresión; hábitos alimentarios; alcohol y drogas; y sexualidad. Resultados: Se realizaron 816 interacciones, con destaque para los diálogos sobre la realización de actividad física (27,87%), compartimiento de señales y síntomas (18,03%), relato de compromiso con el tratamiento (9,84%) y solicitud de información acerca de la toma de medicamentos (9,84%). La mayoría de los participantes demostró satisfacción en cuanto al seguimiento, y manifestó el deseo de seguir recibiendo mensajes (90,58%). Conclusión: El uso de esta aplicación es una estrategia viable para incrementar el cuidado a las personas con VIH, por promover la comunicación instantánea.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o aplicativo de mensagens instantâneas como ferramenta de cuidado às pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids, a partir da análise das interações entre enfermeiro e pacientes. Método: Estudo descritivo, quantitativo com 102 pacientes de dois ambulatórios de infectologia de Fortaleza, Ceará. Durante quatro meses, os participantes receberam uma mensagem a cada 15 dias, totalizando oito mensagens, sobre: adesão à terapia antirretroviral; atividade física; apoio social; autoestima; ansiedade/depressão; hábitos alimentares; álcool e drogas; e sexualidade. Resultados: Houve 816 interações, com destaque para os diálogos sobre realização de atividade física (27,87%), compartilhamento de sinais e sintomas (18,03%), relato de engajamento com o tratamento (9,84%) e requisição de informações sobre tomada de medicamentos (9,84%). A maioria dos participantes demonstrou satisfação com o acompanhamento, com desejo de continuar recebendo as mensagens (90,58%). Conclusão: O uso desse aplicativo é uma estratégia viável para incrementar o cuidado às pessoas com HIV, por promover comunicação instantânea.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , HIV Infections/psychology , Text Messaging/standards , Mobile Applications/standards , Social Support , Brazil , HIV Infections/complications , Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use , Text Messaging/instrumentation , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/psychology
18.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 72(5): 1182-1188, Sep.-Oct. 2019.
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1042156

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the influence of social incentives for adherence to tuberculosis (TB) treatment. Method: Qualitative study, in which 26 primary health care professionals of São Paulo were interviewed in 2015.Their testimonies were submitted to the speech analysis technique. The theoretical reference was the social determination of the health-disease process. Ethical procedures were observed. Results: TB is related to precarious living conditions. Incentives such as the basic food basket and transportation stipends are relevant for patients' adherence to treatment, as well as to the create bonds between the patient and the health team. Final considerations: The incentives strengthened adherence to TB treatment. However, interventions in the context of public measures must transcend the remedial dimension and be guided towards the transformation of the TB situation, which means supporting processes that modify living conditions.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar la influencia de los incentivos sociales en la adhesión al tratamiento de la tuberculosis (TB). Método: Estudio cualitativo, en el que 26 profesionales de la Atención Primaria a la Salud del municipio de São Paulo fueron entrevistados en 2015, y sus testimonios fueron sometidos a la técnica de análisis de discurso. El referencial teórico fue la determinación social del proceso salud-enfermedad. Se han resguardado los procedimientos éticos. Resultados: La TB se relaciona con las condiciones precarias de la vida, siendo que los incentivos como la canasta básica y la ayuda para el transporte son relevantes para la adhesión del paciente al tratamiento, así como para el vínculo entre el paciente y el equipo de salud. Consideraciones finales: Los incentivos fortalecen la adhesión al tratamiento de la TB. Sin embargo, las intervenciones en el marco de medidas públicas deben trascender la dimensión paliativa y orientarse para transformar la situación de la TB, lo que significa apoyar procesos que modifiquen las condiciones de vida.


RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a influência de incentivos sociais na adesão ao tratamento da tuberculose (TB). Método: Estudo qualitativo, em que 26 profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde do município de São Paulo foram entrevistados em 2015, e seus depoimentos foram submetidos à técnica de análise de discurso. O referencial teórico foi a determinação social do processo saúde-doença. Os procedimentos éticos foram resguardados. Resultados: A TB está relacionada às condições precárias de vida, sendo que incentivos como a cesta básica e o vale-transporte são relevantes para a adesão do paciente ao tratamento, assim como para o vínculo entre o paciente e a equipe de saúde. Considerações finais: Os incentivos fortalecem a adesão ao tratamento da TB. Contudo, intervenções no âmbito de medidas públicas devem transcender a dimensão paliativa e orientarem-se para transformar a situação da TB, o que significa apoiar processos que modifiquem as condições de vida.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Reinforcement, Social , Social Support , Tuberculosis/therapy , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/psychology , Tuberculosis/psychology , Brazil , Interviews as Topic/methods , Directly Observed Therapy/methods , Directly Observed Therapy/standards , Qualitative Research , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/statistics & numerical data , Middle Aged , Motivation
19.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 72(5): 1295-1303, Sep.-Oct. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1042120

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the compliance to antiretroviral therapy among HIV/AIDS patients. Method: 99 HIV-positive volunteers undergoing treatment responded to a semi-structured sociodemographic interview and to a questionnaire that assessed compliance to antiretroviral treatment. Results: In the sample analyzed, 52.5% of the volunteers presented good/adequate treatment compliance, while 33.3% presented low/insufficient compliance. There was no significant difference between men and women in the questionnaire score, nor between groups with different levels of education. Conclusion: The main items of the questionnaire that contributed to good/adequate compliance were: positive impact of treatment on health and quality of life, few side effects after initiation of therapy, and positive self-evaluation of participants regarding their compliance to antiretroviral therapy. The main barriers detected for compliance to antiretroviral therapy were the lack of knowledge about current medications and the lack of information on antiretroviral therapy drugs.


RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la adhesión de pacientes con VIH/SIDA a la terapia antirretroviral. Método: 99 voluntarios portadores del virus VIH en tratamiento se sometieron a entrevista social y demográfica semiestructurada y al cuestionario de evaluación de la adhesión al tratamiento antirretroviral. Resultados: en la muestra analizada, el 52,5% de los voluntarios presentaba buena/adecuada adhesión al tratamiento, mientras que el 33,3%, baja/insuficiente. No había diferencia significativa entre hombres y mujeres en la puntuación del cuestionario, ni entre los diferentes grados de instrucción. Conclusión: Los puntos principales del cuestionario que contribuyeron a la adherencia buena/adecuada fueron: impacto positivo del tratamiento de la salud y la calidad de vida, pocos efectos colaterales al principio de la terapia y una autoevaluación positiva de los participantes relativa a la propia adhesión a la terapia antirretroviral. Las principales barreras detectadas para la baja/insuficiente adhesión a la terapia antirretroviral fueron el desconocimiento sobre los remedios en uso y la escasez de información sobre los medicamentos de la terapia antirretroviral.


RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a adesão de pacientes com HIV/AIDS à terapia antirretroviral. Método: 99 voluntários portadores do vírus HIV sob tratamento foram submetidos à entrevista social e demográfica semiestruturada e ao questionário para avaliação da adesão ao tratamento antirretroviral. Resultados: Na amostra analisada, 52,5% dos voluntários apresentaram boa/adequada adesão ao tratamento, enquanto 33,3% apresentaram baixa/insuficiente. Não houve diferença significativa entre homens e mulheres na pontuação do questionário, nem entre os diferentes graus de instrução. Conclusão: Os principais itens do questionário que contribuíram para aderência boa/adequada foram o impacto positivo do tratamento na saúde e na qualidade de vida, os poucos efeitos colaterais com o início da terapia e a autoavaliação positiva dos participantes quanto à própria adesão à terapia antirretroviral. As principais barreiras detectadas para a baixa/insuficiente adesão à terapia antirretroviral foram o desconhecimento sobre as medicações em uso e o relato de escassez de informação sobre os medicamentos da terapia antirretroviral.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/psychology , Socioeconomic Factors , HIV Infections/psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Statistics, Nonparametric , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/statistics & numerical data , Middle Aged
20.
Rev. cuba. endocrinol ; 30(2): e144, mayo.-ago. 2019.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1126433

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 constituye, a nivel mundial, un problema de salud de creciente importancia y alto impacto sanitario, social y económico. Influyen en ella diversos factores: biológicos, psicológicos, sociales. Sin embargo, a pesar de su relevancia, las variables psicosociales han sido un tema menos explorado e investigado, en comparación con el gran desarrollo y avance en el campo biomédico. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión bibliográfica sobre la problemática de los factores psicosociales presentes en la diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda electrónica, en las bases de datos PubMed, ScienceDirect, SciELO y Dialnet, abarcando el período 2008-2018. Se referencian 49 artículos, teniendo en cuenta el criterio de actualidad, relevancia y pertinencia. Conclusiones: Es importante ampliar la concepción tradicional de los factores de riesgo, a fin de considerarlos desde una perspectiva social. Se suele advertir que los pacientes presentan malestar emocional (depresión, ansiedad, angustia), pese a lo cual no hay suficiente diagnóstico ni tratamiento. La educación diabetológica no es frecuente y la adherencia terapéutica es baja. Es necesario implementar una atención integral y personalizada, donde la familia tenga un rol fundamental. La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 genera cierto grado de discriminación y estigmatización. Algunas problemáticas de los pacientes, como aquellas relativas a la sexualidad, constituyen temas poco visibilizados. Se observan diferencias por género en diversos aspectos de la enfermedad. En síntesis, la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 constituye, actualmente, un gran desafío que debe ser abordado de manera interdisciplinaria(AU)


ABSTRACT Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus constitutes, worldwide, a health problem of increasing importance and great health, social and economic impact. Various factors influence it: biological, psychological, social. However, despite their relevance, psychosocial variables have been a less explored and researched topic, compared to the ample development and advancement in the biomedical field. Objective: To carry out a literature review on the problem of psychosocial factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: An electronic search was carried out in PubMed, ScienceDirect, SciELO and Dialnet databases, covering the period 2008-2018. 49 articles are referenced, taking into account the criteria of relevance. Conclusions: It is important to extend the traditional conception of risk factors, in order to consider them from a social perspective. It is often noted that patients have emotional distress (depression, anxiety, anguish), despite which there is not enough diagnosis or treatment. Diabetes education is not frequent and therapeutic adherence is low. It is necessary to device a comprehensive and personalized attention, where the family has a fundamental role. Type 2 diabetes mellitus generates some degree of discrimination and stigmatization. Some patient issues, such as those related to sexuality, are poorly visible topics. Gender differences are observed in various aspects of the disease. In summary, type 2 diabetes mellitus is currently a great challenge that must be addressed in an interdisciplinary manner(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Stress, Psychological/etiology , Risk Factors , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/psychology , Review Literature as Topic , Databases, Bibliographic
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