Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 2.291
Filter
1.
Int. j. morphol ; 42(3): 718-727, jun. 2024. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1564598

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: Prior research on post-COVID-19 or long COVID primarily focused on the presence of SARS-CoV-2 mostly in symptomatic patients. This study aimed to investigate the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 after 1 year of asymptomatic or mild COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 infected and control K18-hACE2 transgenic mice (n=25) were studied. Moderate and severe symptomatic subjects were sacrificed after eight days, while mild or asymptomatic mice were kept in BSL-III for twelve months. Analyses included general condition, histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, transmission electron microscopy, and qRT-PCR. Lungs from the twelve-month group showed thickening of alveolar walls, with some lungs exhibiting the recruitment of inflammatory cells, the presence of SARS- CoV-2 mRNA, immunopositivity for the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, and TEM showed viruses (60-125 nm) within vesicles, indicating continued replication. Certain lung samples showed persistent SARS-CoV-2 presence in Club cells, endothelial cells, and macrophages. The eight-day group exhibited viral interstitial pneumonitis, SARS-CoV-2 immunopositivity, and mRNA. The eight-day hearts displayed viral mRNA, while the twelve-month hearts tested negative. Some asymptomatic twelve-month subjects presented reduced surfactant, basal membrane thickening, fibrosis, and mild autonomic nerve degeneration. In this study conducted on mice, findings indicate the potential for chronic persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in the lungs one year post initial mild or asymptomatic infection, which could suggest the possibility of recurrent episodes in similar human conditions. The observed thickening of alveolar walls and potential fibrotic areas in these mice may imply an increased risk of post-COVID fibrosis in humans. Furthermore, the presence of SARS-CoV-2-positive inflammatory cells in some asymptomatic murine cases could herald a progression toward ongoing inflammation and chronic lung disease in humans. Therefore, the necessity for further studies in human subjects and vigilant monitoring of high-risk human populations is underscored.


Investigaciones anteriores sobre COVID-19 o COVID prolongado se centraron principalmente en la presencia de SARS-CoV-2 principalmente en pacientes sintomáticos. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar la persistencia del SARS-CoV-2 después de 1 año de COVID-19 asintomático o leve. Se estudiaron ratones transgénicos K18-hACE2 infectados con SARS-CoV-2 y de control (n=25). Los animales con síntomas moderados y graves se sacrificaron después de ocho días, mientras que los ratones con síntomas leves o asintomáticos se mantuvieron en BSL-III durante doce meses. Los análisis incluyeron estado general, histoquímica, inmunohistoquímica, microscopía electrónica de transmisión y qRT- PCR. Los pulmones del grupo de doce meses mostraron engrosamiento de las paredes alveolares, y algunos pulmones exhibieron reclutamiento de células inflamatorias, presencia de ARNm del SARS-CoV-2, inmunopositividad para la proteína de la espícula del SARS-CoV-2 y TEM mostró virus (60 -125 nm) dentro de las vesículas, lo que indica una replicación continua. Ciertas muestras de pulmón mostraron una presencia persistente de SARS- CoV-2 en exocrinocitos bronquiolares, células endoteliales y macrófagos. El grupo de ocho días presentó neumonitis intersticial viral, inmunopositividad al SARS-CoV-2 y ARNm. Los corazones de ocho días mostraron ARNm viral, mientras que los corazones de doce meses dieron negativo. Algunos animales asintomáticos de doce meses presentaron disminución del surfactante, engrosamiento de la membrana basal, fibrosis y degeneración leve del nervio autónomo. En este estudio realizado en ratones, los hallazgos indican la posibilidad de persistencia crónica del SARS-CoV-2 en los pulmones un año después de la infección inicial leve o asintomática, lo que podría sugerir la posibilidad de episodios recurrentes en condiciones humanas similares. El engrosamiento observado de las paredes alveolares y las posibles áreas fibróticas en estos ratones puede implicar un mayor riesgo de fibrosis post-COVID en humanos. Además, la presencia de células inflamatorias positivas para SARS- CoV-2 en algunos casos murinos asintomáticos podría presagiar una progresión hacia una inflamación continua y una enfermedad pulmonar crónica en humanos. Por lo tanto, se subraya la necesidad de realizar más estudios en seres humanos y realizar un seguimiento atento de las poblaciones humanas de alto riesgo.


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Asymptomatic Infections , COVID-19/pathology , Lung/pathology , Pulmonary Fibrosis/pathology , RNA, Messenger , RNA, Viral/analysis , Immunohistochemistry , Mice, Transgenic , Weight Loss , Microscopy, Electron, Transmission , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification , COVID-19/virology , Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome/pathology , Lung/ultrastructure , Lung/virology
2.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 39(3): 396-406, 2024-04-24. fig, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1553804

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La cirugía bariátrica y metabólica (CBM) es efectiva en lograr pérdida de peso a corto plazo. Sin embargo, existe evidencia limitada en desenlaces clínicos y metabólicos a largo plazo. Métodos. Estudio longitudinal retrospectivo con pacientes llevados a baipás gástrico en Y de Roux (BGYR) o gastrectomía en manga (MG) por laparoscopia en Bogotá, D.C., Colombia, entre 2013 y 2021. El cambio de peso, control de comorbilidades y resultados metabólicos se recopilaron al inicio del estudio, 3, 6 y 12 meses después de cirugía, y anualmente hasta el quinto año. Las tasas de control de comorbilidades se evaluaron mediante la prueba Kaplan-Meier. Se utilizó un modelo de riesgos proporcionales de Cox para evaluar el efecto de covariables en la reganancia de peso. Resultados. De 1092 pacientes con CBM (71,4 % MG y 28,6 % BGYR), 67 % eran mujeres, con mediana de edad 48 años e índice de masa corporal de 35,5 Kg/m2. Después de cinco años de seguimiento, la tasa de control en diabetes mellitus fue 65,5 %, en hipertensión 56,6 % y en dislipidemia 43,6 %. La tasa de reganancia de peso fue 28 %, sin diferencias entre MG vs BGYR (p=0,482). El tiempo promedio hasta peso nadir fue 14 meses. La edad al momento de CBM fue el mejor predictor independiente de reganancia (HR=1,02, IC95% 1,01-1,04), pero con efecto clínico modesto. Conclusión. La CBM es segura y muestra beneficios a largo plazo en la pérdida de peso y control de comorbilidades en población colombiana.


Introduction. Bariatric and metabolic surgery (BMS) has shown its efficacy in achieving short-term weight loss. However, there is limited evidence regarding long-term clinical and metabolic outcomes. Methods. Retrospective longitudinal study with patients who underwent laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) interventions in Bogotá, Colombia, between 2013 and 2021. Weight change, comorbidity control, and metabolic outcomes were collected at the onset, 3-, 6-, and 12-month post-surgery, and annually up to the fifth year. Comorbidity control rates were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier test. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the effect of covariates on weight regain. Results. Of 1092 patients with BMS (71.4% SG and 28.6% RYGB), 67% were women, with a median age of 48 years, BMI 35.5 kg/m2. After five years of follow-up, the control rate in diabetes mellitus was 65.5%, in hypertension 56.6%, and dyslipidemia 43.6%. The weight regain rate was 28% with no differences between SG vs RYGB (p=0.482). The mean time to nadir weight was 14 months. Age at the time of BMS was the best independent predictor of weight regain (HR=1.02, 95%CI: 1.01-1.04), but with a modest clinical effect. Conclusion. BMS is safe and shows long-term benefits in weight loss and control of comorbidities in Colombian population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Obesity, Morbid , Gastroplasty , Comorbidity , Gastric Bypass , Weight Loss , Bariatric Surgery
3.
HSJ ; 14: 1-10, Março 2024.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1571178

ABSTRACT

Objective: To synthesize evidence involving pathophysiological and clinical-epidemiological linking mechanisms in women with breast cancer and metabolic syndrome. Method: This is a structured scoping review according to the Joanna Briggs Institute and was conducted in the PubMed, BDENF, LILACS, IBECS, CUMED, WPRIM, BINACIS, and Embase databases. This review is registered in the Open Science Framework. Result: Regarding the level of evidence of the included studies, moderate and strong evidence levels were predominant. There were no weak evidence findings in this research. The chronic inflammatory state of breast adipose tissue in patients with obesity can worsen the negative impact on cancer cells, directly affecting survival and recurrence. Unexplained weight gain or loss is associated with shorter survival in women with breast cancer, highlighting the need for specific guidance during treatment. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome is associated with the risk of breast cancer; however, massive weight loss during active disease can be associated with a worse prognosis and should therefore be prevented. Patients should be advised to maintain a stable weight during chemotherapy and to receive guidance on adequate nutrition and physical activity to increase muscle mass


Objetivo: Sintetizar as principais evidências envolvendo os mecanismos de ligação fisiopatológico e clínico-epidemiológico em mulheres com câncer de mama e a síndrome metabólica. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo estruturada conforme o Instituto Joanna Briggs, realizado nas bases de dados PubMed, BDENF, LILACS, IBECS, CUMED, WPRIM, BINACIS e Embase. Esta revisão encontra-se protocolada no Open Science Framework. Resultado: Com relação ao nível de evidência dos estudos inclusos, houve predominância para níveis fortes de evidência. Não houve achados de evidência fraca nesta pesquisa. O estado inflamatório crônico do tecido adiposo mamário em casos de obesidade pode agravar o impacto negativo nas células cancerígenas, afetando diretamente a sobrevida e recorrência. Ganho ou perda de peso inexplicável estão associados a uma menor sobrevida em mulheres com câncer de mama, sublinhando a necessidade de orientações específicas durante o tratamento. Conclusão: A síndrome metabólica esta associada ao risco de câncer de mama, entretanto, a perda maciça de peso durante a doença ativa pode ser um fator de pior prognóstico, devendo assim, ser realizada de forma preventiva. Os pacientes devem ser orientados a manter um peso estável durante a quimioterapia e receber orientações sobre alimentação adequada e atividade física em busca de aumento de massa muscular


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Therapeutics , Breast , Breast Neoplasms , Exercise , Cells , Metabolic Syndrome , Patients , Prognosis , Recurrence , Research , Science , Women , Weight Gain , Weight Loss , Adipose Tissue , Disease , Risk , PubMed , Diet , Drug Therapy , Nutritional Sciences , LILACS , Methods , Muscles , Neoplasms , Obesity
4.
REVISA (Online) ; 13(4): 1061-1068, 2024.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1578566

ABSTRACT

Objetivo:explorar como a psicanálise pode contribuir para o processo de emagrecimento, enfatizando os fatores inconscientes que influenciam o comportamento alimentar. Método:revisão integrativa de estudos recentes (2020-2023) que investigam intervenções psicanalíticas aplicadas ao tratamento de sobrepeso e obesidade. Foram consultadas as bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e PsycINFO, utilizando descritores como "psicanálise", "emagrecimento", "compulsão alimentar" e "processos inconscientes". A análise incluiu 15 estudos que abordam intervenções clínicas e teóricas, investigando como os fatores inconscientes influenciam os comportamentos alimentares. Resultados:a psicanálise, quando utilizada isoladamente ou em combinação com terapias comportamentais, pode promover mudanças emocionais e comportamentais duradouras, auxiliando no controle de peso a longo prazo. Além disso, os pacientes tratados com psicanálise demonstraram maior propensão a reconhecer e modificar os padrões inconscientes que sustentam seus comportamentos alimentares. Conclusão:destacam-se desafios e oportunidades de integrar essas abordagens no tratamento da obesidade, sugerindo que mais investigações empíricas são necessárias para avaliar sua eficácia em diferentes contextos e perfis de pacientes.


Objective: to explore how psychoanalysis can contribute to the weight loss process, emphasizing the unconscious factors that influence eating behavior. Method:this is an integrative review of recent studies (2020-2023) investigating psychoanalytic interventions applied to the treatment of overweight and obesity. Databases such as PubMed, Scielo, and PsycINFO were consulted, using descriptors like "psychoanalysis," "weight loss," "binge eating," and "unconscious processes." The analysis included 15 studies addressing clinical and theoretical interventions, examining how unconscious factors influence eating behaviors. Results:psychoanalysis, whether used alone or in combination with behavioral therapies, can promote lasting emotional and behavioral changes, aiding in long-term weight control. Furthermore, patients treated with psychoanalysis showed a greater tendency to recognize and modify the unconscious patterns that sustain their eating behaviors. Conclusion:we highlights the challenges and opportunities of integrating these approaches in obesity treatment, suggesting that more empirical investigations are needed to assess their effectiveness in different contexts and patient profiles.


Objetivo:explorar cómo el psicoanálisis puede contribuir al proceso de pérdida de peso, enfatizando los factores inconscientes que influyen en la conducta alimentaria. Método:revisión integradora de estudios recientes (2020-2023) que investigan intervenciones psicoanalíticas aplicadas al tratamiento del sobrepeso y la obesidad. Se consultaron las bases de datos PubMed, Scielo y PsycINFO, utilizando descriptores como "psicoanálisis", "pérdida de peso", "atracones" y "procesos inconscientes". El análisis incluyó 15 estudios que abordan intervenciones clínicas y teóricas, investigando cómo los factores inconscientes influyen en las conductas alimentarias. Resultados:El psicoanálisis, cuando se usa solo o en combinación con terapias conductuales, puede promover cambios emocionales y conductuales duraderos, ayudando en el control de peso a largo plazo. Además, los pacientes tratados con psicoanálisis demostraron una mayor propensión a reconocer y modificar los patrones inconscientes que subyacen a sus conductas alimentarias. Conclusión:se destacan los desafíos y oportunidades de la integración de estos enfoques en el tratamiento de la obesidad, lo que sugiere que se necesitan más investigaciones empíricas para evaluar su eficacia en diferentes contextos y perfiles de pacientes.


Subject(s)
Psychoanalysis , Weight Loss , Unconscious, Psychology
5.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 44: e261659, 2024. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1564980

ABSTRACT

Pacientes com transtornos alimentares (TAs) são considerados mais vulneráveis ao sofrimento psíquico induzido pela pandemia de Covid-19. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as repercussões do isolamento social na saúde física e mental de pacientes com diagnóstico de TAs durante o primeiro ano da pandemia de Covid-19 e investigar suas reações à mudança do atendimento presencial para o online. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória, com delineamento longitudinal. Participaram 13 pacientes do sexo feminino, com idades entre 13 e 66 anos, em seguimento ambulatorial em um serviço vinculado ao Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Os dados foram colhidos de forma remota, por meio de um formulário aplicado e reaplicado em um intervalo de seis meses. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise temática reflexiva e agrupados em quatro categorias centrais: adaptação às condições de isolamento social; repercussões emocionais ao escutar o persistente rumor da morte; qualidade da alimentação, gestão das emoções e nível de insatisfação corporal; e facilidades e barreiras percebidas na transição para o atendimento online. Os achados evidenciam marcada vulnerabilidade psicossocial, que se reflete na piora de sintomas preexistentes e no aparecimento de novos sofrimentos psíquicos, indicando a necessidade de intensificar o acompanhamento terapêutico no período pandêmico, de acordo com as adaptações requeridas.(AU)


Patients with eating disorders (EDs) are considered more vulnerable to pandemic-induced psychological distress due to COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to analyze the repercussions of social isolation on the physical and mental health of patients diagnosed with EDs during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic and to investigate their reactions to the shift from face-to-face to online care. This is a qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory research with a longitudinal design. In total, 13 female patients aged from 13 to 66 years and who were in outpatient follow-up participated in this research. Data were remotely collected using a form applied and reapplied at a six-month interval. Results were subjected to thematic reflective analysis and grouped into four central categories: Adaptation to conditions of social isolation; Emotional repercussions: listening to the persistent rumor of death; Quality of food, management of emotions, and level of body dissatisfaction; Transition to online care: perceived facilities and barriers. Results show marked psychosocial vulnerability, which is reflected in the worsening of preexisting symptoms and the emergence of new psychological suffering, indicating the need to intensify the monitoring in this period, according to the adaptations required by the pandemic scenario.(AU)


Los pacientes con trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA) están más vulnerables al sufrimiento psíquico inducido por la pandemia de la Covid-19. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar las repercusiones del aislamiento social en la salud física y mental de pacientes con diagnóstico de TCA durante el primer año de la pandemia de Covid-19 e investigar sus reacciones al cambio de la atención presencial a la online. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa, descriptiva y exploratoria, con diseño longitudinal. Participaron 13 pacientes mujeres, con edades de entre 13 y 66 años, en seguimiento en un servicio vinculado al Sistema Único de Salud (SUS). Los datos se recogieron de manera remota mediante un formulario aplicado y reaplicado en un intervalo de seis meses. Los resultados se sometieron a análisis temático reflexivo y se agruparon en cuatro categorías centrales: Adaptación a las condiciones de aislamiento social; Repercusiones emocionales en la escucha del persistente rumor de la muerte; calidad de la alimentación, gestión de las emociones y nivel de insatisfacción corporal; y facilidades y obstáculos percibidos en la transición a la atención en línea. Los resultados muestran una marcada vulnerabilidad psicosocial, que se refleja en el empeoramiento de los síntomas preexistentes y en la aparición de nuevos sufrimientos psicológicos, lo que indica la necesidad de intensificar el seguimiento, de acuerdo con las adaptaciones requeridas.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Social Isolation , Feeding and Eating Disorders , Feeding Behavior , Binge-Eating Disorder , Pandemics , COVID-19 , Anxiety , Prejudice , Psychology , Self Concept , Self Mutilation , Thinness , Beauty Culture , Vomiting , Women , Unified Health System , Weight Loss , Mental Health , Hunger , Death , Malnutrition , Diagnosis , Diet , Emotions , Food , Body Dissatisfaction , Psychological Distress , Physical Distancing , Orthorexia Nervosa , Loneliness , Obesity
6.
Rev. venez. cir ; 77(1): 44-48, 2024. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1580108

ABSTRACT

En la actualidad la cirugía bariátrica y metabólica es considerada una estrategia terapéutica con indicación formal en el manejo de la obesidad y sus comorbilidades, ya que actúa sobre el organismo no solo en términos de pérdida de peso, también impacta positivamente en el perfil metabólico del individuo, fomentando cambios que influyen directamente sobre múltiples órganos y sistemas, es por esto que el estigma de ser una cirugía para la obesidad se ha derrumbado de forma estrepitosa ante la evidencia científica que avala un cambio metabólico positivo incluso en pacientes con grados bajos de obesidad, sobrepeso y no obesos. Esto ha generado una nueva vertiente hacia el nombre de cirugía metabólica para englobar todos estos efectos y no encasillarla en el contexto solo de los obesos. Esta publicación pretende hacer un resumen breve pero bien fundamentado de los principales mecanismos de acción inducidos por estas técnicas(AU)


Currently, bariatric and metabolic surgery is considered a therapeutic strategy with formal indication in the management of obesity and its comorbidities, since it acts on the body not only in terms of weight loss, it also positively impacts the metabolic profile of the individual. , promoting changes that directly influence multiple organs and systems, which is why the stigma of being a surgery for obesity has collapsed resoundingly in the face of scientific evidence that supports a positive metabolic change even in patients with low degrees of obesity, overweight and not obese. This has generated a new trend towards the name metabolic surgery to encompass all these effects and not pigeonhole it in the context of only the obese. This publication aims to provide a brief but well-founded summary of the main mechanisms of action induced by these techniques(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Weight Loss , Bariatric Surgery , Metabolism , Obesity/complications , Patients , General Surgery , Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality , Obesity Management
7.
Rev. venez. cir ; 77(1): 57-61, 2024. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1579913

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Establecer la morbimortalidad postoperatoria de la gastrectomía vertical laparoscópica y el bypass gástrico laparoscópico en Y de Roux. Método: estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo, longitudinal. La muestra estuvo conformada por pacientes sometidos a gastrectomía vertical laparoscópica y bypass gástrico laparoscópico en la unidad de Cirugía Bariátrica del Hospital Universitario de Caracas, Venezuela, con seguimiento posterior de los mismos por parte de esta unidad. Resultados: La muestra estuvo conformada por 153 pacientes, de los cuales el 85,6 % (131) fueron sometidos a bypass gástrico laparoscópico y 14,4 % (22) a gastrectomía vertical laparoscópica. El 17,6 % eran del sexo masculino, 82,4 % del sexo femenino; el peso, talla, índice de masa corporal (IMC) y tiempo quirúrgico promedios fueron 126,9 kg, 1,6 m, 47,1 kg/m2 y 131,7 minutos, para bypass gástrico respectivamente, al comparar con el grupo de pacientes sometidos a gastrectomía vertical laparoscópica se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en peso e IMC (p<0,001). La comorbilidad más frecuente fue la hipertensión arterial (29,4 %), seguida de la resistencia a la insulina (27,5 %). No se encontraron complicaciones médicas en la serie de pacientes estudiados. Dos pacientes con bypass gástrico tuvieron fuga de la gastroyeyunoanastomosis, sin diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p = 0,83). No hubo mortalidad postoperatoria en ningún grupo. Conclusión: El bypass gástrico y la gastrectomía en manga son procedimientos seguros, siendo la gastrectomía vertical laparoscópica el procedimiento con menor tendencia a presentar complicaciones postoperatorias(AU)


Objective: To establish the postoperative morbidity and mortality of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Method: retrospective, descriptive, longitudinal study. The sample was made up of patients undergoing laparoscopic vertical gastrectomy and laparoscopic gastric bypass in the Bariatric Surgery unit of the University Hospital of Caracas, Venezuela, with subsequent follow-up by this unit. Results: The sample consisted of 153 patients, of which 85.6% (131) underwent laparoscopic gastric bypass and 14.4% (22) underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. 17.6% were male, 82.4% were female; The average weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and surgical time were 126.9 kg, 1.6 m, 47.1 kg/m2 and 131.7 minutes, for gastric bypass, respectively, when compared with the group of patients undergoing laparoscopic vertical gastrectomy, statistically significant differences were found in weight and BMI (p<0.001). The most common comorbidity was high blood pressure (29.4%), followed by insulin resistance (27.5%). No medical complications were found in the series of patients studied. Two patients with gastric bypass had gastrojejunostomy leak, without a statistically significant difference (p = 0.83). There was no postoperative mortality in any group. Conclusion: Gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy are safe procedures, with laparoscopic vertical gastrectomy being the procedure with the least tendency to present postoperative complications(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Gastric Bypass , Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality , Laparoscopy , Bariatric Surgery , Gastrectomy , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage , Body Weight , Insulin Resistance , Weight Loss , Comorbidity , Hypertension , Obesity
8.
Evid. actual. práct. ambul. (En línea) ; 27(2): e007123, 2024. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, UNISALUD, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1566910

ABSTRACT

Desde fines de 2023, la denominación hígado graso no alcohólico cambió por esteatosis hepática asociada a disfunción metabólica (MASLD, por sus iniciales en inglés), ya que el nombre anterior era considerado estigmatizante para los pacientes. No está recomendado rastrear esta entidad en la población general. Sin embargo, si por algún motivo se solicitó una ecografía y esta informa esteatosis hepática, se recomienda evaluar el riesgo de progresión a fibrosis hepática mediante el puntaje FIB-4. Los pacientes con puntaje mayor a 1,3 requieren mayor evaluación y se les solicita una elastografía transicional (Fibroscan®). El tratamiento de esta entidad apunta, en general, al descenso de peso mediante la actividad física y la dieta hipocalórica. (AU)


Since the end of 2023, the name non-alcoholic fatty liver has been changed to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), as the former denomination was considered stigmatizing for patients. It is not recommended to screen for this entity in the general population. However, if for some reason an ultrasound was performed and it reports hepatic steatosis, it is recommended to evaluate the risk of progression to liver fibrosis using the FIB-4 score. Patients with a score greater than 1.3 require further evaluation, and a transient elastography (FibroScan®) is requested. Treatment in general aims at weight loss through physical activity and a low-calorie diet. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/diagnosis , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/metabolism , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/therapy , Liver Cirrhosis/prevention & control , Primary Health Care , Pyridazines/therapeutic use , Uracil/analogs & derivatives , Uracil/therapeutic use , Biopsy , Exercise , Weight Loss , Mass Screening , Ultrasonography , Caloric Restriction , Diagnosis, Differential , Elasticity Imaging Techniques , Binge Drinking/prevention & control , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/classification , Liver Cirrhosis/diagnosis
9.
Rev. venez. cir ; 77(1): 22-27, 2024. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1579908

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Establecer la incidencia de hernias internas (HI) en pacientes sometidos a Bypass gástrico laparoscópico en Y de Roux (BGLYR), en los servicios de clínica y terapéutica quirúrgica "B" y "D" del Hospital Universitario de Caracas (HUC). Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal, retrospectivo, descriptivo. La población fueron todos los pacientes operados de BGLYR en los servicios de cátedra clínica y terapéutica quirúrgica "B" y "D" del HUC, entre enero 2013, diciembre 2018. Para obtener la muestra se utilizó un muestreo de tipo no probabilístico intencional según criterios de inclusión y exclusión, y está representada por los pacientes a los cuales se les realizó BGLYR y que presentaron posteriormente diagnóstico de HI sintomáticas. Resultados: La incidencia de HI en el periodo estudiado fue de 8,6 %, siendo el espacio de Petersen el más frecuentemente herniado, en el 51,7 %. El porcentaje de perdida de exceso de peso (PEP) promedio fue de 81,7 %. Las HI en promedio aparecieron a los 33,8 meses; y fueron más comunes, cuando el ascenso del asa alimentaria, se realizó retrocólico. Conclusiones: Estos resultados subrayan la importancia de la vigilancia y seguimiento cuidadoso de los pacientes que se someten a BGLYR para detectar y abordar tempranamente las HI. Así mismo resaltan la relevancia de seguir investigando e identificando factores de riesgo para estas complicaciones a fin de mejorar la práctica quirúrgica y los cuidados postoperatorios, con el objetivo de optimizar los resultados a largo plazo y la calidad de vida de los pacientes postbariátricos(AU)


Objective: To establish the incidence of internal hernias (IH) in patients undergoing laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) in the surgical and clinical therapeutic services "B" and "D" of the University Hospital of Caracas (UHC). Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive study was conducted. The population consisted of all patients who underwent LRYGB in the clinical and therapeutic surgical services "B" and "D" of the UHC between January 2013 and December 2018. A non-probabilistic intentional sampling was used to obtain the sample according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and it is represented by patients who underwent LRYGB and subsequently received a diagnosis of symptomatic IH. Results: The incidence of IH in the studied period was 8.6%, with the Petersen's space being the most frequently herniated, at 51.7%. The average percentage of excess weight loss (EWL) was 81.7%. IH on average appeared at 33.8 months, and they were more common when the ascent of the food loop was retrocolic. Conclusions: These results underscore the importance of vigilant and careful monitoring of patients undergoing LRYGB to early detect and address IH. They also highlight the relevance of continued research and identification of risk factors for these complications to improve surgical practices and postoperative care, aiming to optimize long-term outcomes and the quality of life of post-bariatric patients(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Gastric Bypass , Incidence , Internal Hernia , Postoperative Care , Weight Loss , Risk Factors , Bariatric Surgery
10.
Pensar mov ; 21(2): e57055, jul.-dic. 2023. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1558647

ABSTRACT

Resumen Esta ponencia examina las evidencias para la actividad física en la pérdida de peso y de adiposidad, la prevención del aumento de peso y la adiposidad, así como la recuperación de peso en adultos, y provee orientación sobre las implicaciones para los profesionales del ejercicio. La evidencia de la investigación indica que se requieren > 150 minutos, pero preferiblemente 300 minutos por semana de actividad aeróbica de intensidad al menos moderada para prevenir el aumento de peso y adiposidad, y al menos el extremo superior de esta gama de actividad para prevenir la recuperación de peso después de la pérdida de peso. Para que la pérdida de peso y adiposidad total sea significativa, se requiere un mínimo de 300 a 400 minutos por semana de actividad aeróbica de intensidad, al menos, moderada. La evidencia en torno al volumen de actividad física aeróbica requerida para reducir la adiposidad central está surgiendo, y las investigaciones apuntan a que puede ser sustancialmente menor que la que se requiere para la pérdida de peso. El impacto de la actividad física de alta intensidad y el ejercicio de resistencia para la gestión del peso es incierto. Durante las consultas para la gestión del peso, los profesionales en ejercicio deben aconsejar que se pueden lograr beneficios para la salud metabólica y cardiovascular por medio de la actividad física a cualquier peso, e independientemente del cambio de peso.


Abstract This Position Statement examines the evidence for physical activity in weight and adiposity loss, prevention of weight and adiposity gain, and in weight regain in adults, and provides guidance on implications for exercise practitioners. Research evidence indicates that >150 min but preferably 300 min per week of aerobic activity of at least moderate intensity is required to prevent weight and adiposity gain, and at least the upper end of this range of activity to prevent weight regain after weight loss. For meaningful weight and total adiposity loss, a minimum of 300-420 min per week of aerobic activity of at least moderate intensity is required. The evidence around the volume of aerobic physical activity required to reduce central adiposity is emerging, and research suggests that it may be substantially less than that required for weight loss. The impact of high-intensity physical activity and resistance exercise for weight management is uncertain. During consultations for weight management, exercise practitioners should advise that metabolic and cardiovascular health benefits can be achieved with physical activity at any weight, and irrespective of weight change.


Resumo Este documento examina as evidências da atividade física na perda de peso e adiposidade, na prevenção do ganho de peso e adiposidade e na recuperação de peso em adultos, e fornece orientações sobre as implicações para os profissionais do exercício físico. As evidências da pesquisa indicam que são necessários mais de 150 minutos, mas preferencialmente 300 minutos por semana de atividade aeróbica de intensidade moderada para evitar o ganho de peso e adiposidade, e pelo menos o extremo superior dessa gama de atividade para evitar o ganho de peso após a perda de peso. É necessário um mínimo de 300 a 400 minutos por semana de atividade aeróbica de intensidade moderada para uma perda significativa de peso e adiposidade total. Estão surgindo evidências sobre a quantidade de atividade física aeróbica necessária para reduzir a adiposidade central, e pesquisas sugerem que ela pode ser substancialmente menor do que a necessária para a perda de peso. O impacto da atividade física de alta intensidade e dos exercícios de resistência no controle de peso é incerto. Durante as consultas de controle de peso, os profissionais do exercício físico devem informar que os benefícios metabólicos e cardiovasculares à saúde podem ser obtidos por meio da atividade física em qualquer peso, independentemente da mudança de peso.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Exercise , Adiposity , Obesity Management/methods , Body Composition , Weight Loss
11.
Distúrbios Comun. (Online) ; 35(4): e60491, 31/12/2023.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1552923

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O câncer de cavidade oral constitui lesões da superfície da mucosa oral, e, devido às sequelas da doença e de seu tratamento, frequentemente ocorrem quadros de disfagia. Quando a alimentação por via oral se torna impossibilitada, é fundamental a indicação de vias alternativas de alimentação. Objetivo: verificar a ocorrência e os fatores associados ao uso de via alternativa de alimentação após câncer de língua. Método: A busca foi conduzida por dois pesquisadores independentes nas bases de dados Medline (Pubmed), LILACS, SciELO, Scopus, WEB OF SCIENCE e BIREME sem restrição de idioma e localização, no período de 2010 a 2021. Para complementar e evitar viés de risco foi realizada uma busca por literatura cinza no Google Scholar. Critérios de Seleção: A revisão sistemática foi conduzida conforme as recomendações do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Foram incluídos na pesquisa estudos que obtiveram pontuação ≥ a 6 pontos segundo o protocolo para pontuação qualitativa proposto por Pithon. Resultados: Os estudos mostram que a maioria dos indivíduos com câncer oral desenvolvem uma perda significativa de peso, necessitando de intervenção. O estágio geral da doença é um preditor significativo de perda de peso crítica em pacientes em tratamento. Conclusão: A indicação de via alternativa de alimentação após câncer de língua foi de 19,3% a 68,2%, e os fatores associados a essa indicação de VAA foram o estágio geral, cirurgia associada à terapia adjuvante, má adesão ao tratamento multidisciplinar, presença de complicações e baixa sobrevida. (AU)


Introduction: Oral cavity cancer constitutes lesions on the surface of the oral mucosa and, due to the consequences of the disease and its treatment, dysphagia often occurs. When oral feeding becomes impossible, it is essential to indicate alternative feeding routes. Objective: to verify the occurrence and factors associated with the use of an alternative feeding route after tongue cancer. Method: The search was conducted by two independent researchers in the Medline (Pubmed), LILACS, SciELO, Scopus, WEB OF SCIENCE and BIREME databases without language and location restrictions, from 2010 to 2021. To complement and to avoid risk bias, a search for gray literature on Google Scholar was performed. Selection Criteria: The systematic review was conducted in accordance with the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Studies that scored ≥ 6 points according to the protocol for qualitative scoring proposed by Pithon. Results: Studies show that most individuals with oral cancer develop significant weight loss, requiring intervention. The overall stage of the disease is a significant predictor of critical weight loss in patients undergoing treatment. Conclusion: The indication of an alternative feeding route after tongue cancer was 19.3% to 68.2%, and the factors associated with this indication of AAV were the general stage, surgery associated with adjuvant therapy, poor adherence to multidisciplinary treatment, presence of complications and poor survival. (AU)


Introducción: El cáncer de cavidad oral constituye lesiones en la superficie de la mucosa oral y, debido a las consecuencias de la enfermedad y su tratamiento, es frecuente que se presente disfagia. Cuando la alimentación oral se hace imposible, es imprescindible la indicación de vías alternativas de alimentación. Objetivo: verificar la ocurrencia y los factores asociados al uso de una vía alternativa de alimentación después del cáncer de lengua. Método: La búsqueda fue realizada por dos investigadores independientes en las bases de datos Medline (Pubmed), LILACS, SciELO, Scopus, WEB OF SCIENCE y BIREME, sin restricciones de idioma y ubicación, de 2010 a 2021. Para complementar y Evitar riesgo de sesgo, se realizó una búsqueda de literatura gris en Google Scholar. Criterios de selección: La revisión sistemática se llevó a cabo de acuerdo con las recomendaciones de Elementos de informe preferidos para revisiones sistemáticas y metanálisis (PRISMA). Los estudios que puntuaron ≥ 6 puntos según el protocolo de puntuación cualitativa propuesto por Pithon et al. (2015). Resultados: Los estudios muestran que la mayoría de las personas con cáncer oral desarrollan una pérdida de peso significativa, lo que requiere intervención. El estadio general de la enfermedad es un predictor significativo de pérdida de peso crítica en pacientes que reciben tratamiento. Conclusión: La indicación de vía alternativa de alimentación tras cáncer de lengua varió del 19,3% al 68,2%, y los factores asociados a esta indicación de AAV fueron el estadio general, cirugía asociada a terapia adyuvante, mala adherencia al tratamiento multidisciplinario, presencia de complicaciones y baja supervivencia. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Tongue Neoplasms/complications , Enteral Nutrition , Feeding Methods , Weight Loss , Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Deglutition Disorders/therapy , Nutritional Status
12.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 38(4): 642-655, 20230906. tab, fig
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1509784

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La cirugía bariátrica es una estrategia válida de tratamiento en obesidad severa. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la reducción de peso y la resolución de comorbilidades comparando dos técnicas quirúrgicas, baipás gástrico en Y de Roux y manga gástrica. Métodos. Estudio descriptivo de tipo analítico que incluyó pacientes con obesidad grados II y III. Se analizaron variables demográficas y perioperatorias, y las comorbilidades asociadas a la obesidad. La reducción del peso se evaluó con el porcentaje de pérdida del exceso de peso. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo univariado, usando medianas, rangos intercuartílicos, frecuencias y proporciones. Se usaron las pruebas de U de Mann-Whitney y Chi cuadrado para el análisis de grupos. Un valor de p<0,05 fue considerado estadísticamente significativo. Resultados. Fueron incluidos 201 pacientes. La mediana del porcentaje de pérdida del exceso de peso a 18 meses fue de 77,4 % para el grupo de baipás gástrico en Y de Roux vs 69,5 % para el grupo de manga gástrica (p=0,14). La mayoría de los pacientes presentaron resolución o mejoría de la hipertensión arterial (76 %), diabetes mellitus (80 %), dislipidemia (73 %), apnea del sueño (79 %) y artropatías (94 %), sin diferencia significativa según la técnica quirúrgica empleada. La tasa de complicaciones mayores fue del 1,9 %. No se presentó mortalidad. La mediana de seguimiento fue 28 meses. Conclusión. El baipás gástrico en Y de Roux y la manga gástrica son procedimientos muy seguros y efectivos para la reducción del exceso de peso y la resolución de las comorbilidades asociadas a la obesidad


Introduction. Bariatric surgery is a valid strategy of treatment for severe obesity. The aim of this study is to evaluate weight loss and resolution of comorbidities comparing two procedures, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy. Methods. Descriptive study of analytical type that included patients with obesity grades II and III. Demographic and perioperative variables were analyzed. The weight reduction was evaluated among others with the percentage of excess of body weight loss. Comorbidities associated with obesity were also analyzed. A univariate descriptive analysis was performed, using medians, interquartile ranges, frequencies, and proportions. The Mann-Whitney U and Chi squared tests were used for analysis of groups. A value of p <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Median follow-up was 28 months. Results. A total of 201 patients were included in the analysis. The median percentage of excess of body weight loss at 18 months was 77.4% for Roux-en-Y gastric bypass group vs 69.5% for sleeve gastrectomy group (p=0.14). The majority of patients presented resolution or improvement of hypertension (76%), diabetes mellitus (80%), dyslipidemia (73%), sleep apnea (79%), and arthropathy (94%), without significant differences according to the surgical technique used. Major complication rate was 1.9%. There was not mortality. The median follow-up was 28 months. Conclusion. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy are both very safe and effective procedures for excess weight reduction and resolution of comorbidities associated with obesity


Subject(s)
Humans , Gastric Bypass , Bariatric Surgery , Obesity, Morbid , Gastroplasty , Weight Loss , Comorbidity
13.
Femina ; 51(8): 491-496, 20230830. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1512462

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo é descrever o caso de mulher com síndrome de Meigs e apresentar a revisão narrativa sobre o tema. Paciente do sexo feminino, 30 anos, nulípara, encaminhada ao hospital por massa anexial e história prévia de drenagem de derrame pleural. Evoluiu com instabilidade hemodinâmica por derrame pleural hipertensivo à direita, sendo submetida a drenagem torácica, com citologia do líquido negativa. Após, foi submetida a laparotomia: realizada salpingo-ooforectomia esquerda. A congelação e a análise histopatológica diagnosticaram fibroma ovariano. A citologia ascítica foi negativa. CA-125 elevado, presença de derrames cavitários e exame de imagem suspeito podem mimetizar um cenário de neoplasia maligna de ovário em estágio avançado. Entretanto, na síndrome de Meigs clássica, o tratamento é cirúrgico, sendo o diagnóstico obtido por meio da análise histopatológica do tumor ovariano. O manejo da síndrome de Meigs clássica é cirúrgico e, após a remoção do tumor, o derrame pleural e a ascite desaparecem.


To describe a case of Meigs syndrome and present a narrative review of the condition. Female patient, 30 years old, nulliparous, referred to the hospital due to an adnexal mass and a previous drainage of pleural effusion. She developed hemodynamic instability due to a hypertensive right pleural effusion being submitted to chest drainage, with negative cytology of the fluid. She underwent laparotomy: Left salpingo-oophorectomy was performed and frozen section and histopathological analysis diagnosed an ovarian fibroma. Ascites cytology was negative. Elevated CA-125, presence of cavitary effusions, suspicious imaging exam can mimic a scenario of ovarian cancer at an advanced stage. However, in classical Meigs syndrome, treatment is surgical, and the diagnosis is obtained through histopathological analysis of the ovarian tumor. Classical Meigs syndrome' management is surgical. After tumor removal, pleural effusion and ascites resolve.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Meigs Syndrome/surgery , Meigs Syndrome/diagnosis , Case Reports , Weight Loss , Anorexia/complications , Women's Health , Pelvic Pain , Cough/complications , Dyspnea/complications , Fatigue/complications , Abdomen/physiopathology
14.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1536314

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El cáncer de páncreas constituye un problema de salud debido al diagnóstico tardío, su agresividad biológica y la ausencia de un tratamiento sistémico efectivo. Objetivo: Caracterizar clínica, epidemiológica, histológica y anatómicamente a pacientes con cáncer de páncreas. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de casos clínicos, en pacientes con cáncer de páncreas que acudieron al Hospital Oncológico Conrado Benítez; de Santiago de Cuba, en el período comprendido diciembre 2017 hasta diciembre 2018. El universo estuvo conformado por el total de los pacientes de ambos sexos, cuya cifra ascendió a 19 que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Resultados: No existió predominio significativo según el sexo, prevaleció el grupo de edades entre 61-70 años en un 31,6 por ciento, el 84,2 por ciento de los pacientes presentó como factor de riesgo la dieta rica en grasas y pobre en verduras y el tabaquismo, en el 63,2 por ciento coexistió la hipertensión arterial, la pérdida de peso fue el signo que sobresalió en el 79,0 por ciento. El 47,4 por ciento se les diagnosticó adenocarcinoma poco diferenciado, siendo la localización más frecuente de los tumores (31,6 por ciento) la cabeza del páncreas. Conclusiones: El cáncer de páncreas es una enfermedad maligna que se relacionada con la edad y sus síntomas se manifiestan tardíamente, se asocia con la presencia de factores de riesgo por lo que es necesario identificarlos precozmente, modificarlos y/o atenuarlos(AU)


Introduction: Pancreatic cancer constitutes a health problem due to late diagnosis, its biological aggressiveness and the absence of effective systemic treatment. Objective: To clinically, epidemiologically, histologically and anatomically characterize patients with pancreatic cancer. Methods: A descriptive study of clinical cases was carried out in patients with pancreatic cancer who attended the Conrado Benítez; Oncological Hospital of Santiago de Cuba, in the period from December 2017 to December 2018. The universe was made up of the total number of patients of both genders, which amounted to 19 meeting the inclusion criteria. Results: There was no significant predominance according to gender, the age group between 61-70 years prevailed in 31.6 percent, 84.2 percent of patients presented as risk factor the diet rich in fat and poor in vegetables and smoking, in 63.2 percent coexisted arterial hypertension, weight loss was the sign that stood out in 79.0 percent. The 47.4 percent were diagnosed with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, being the pancreatic head the most frequent location of the tumors (31.6 percent). Conclusions: Pancreatic cancer is an age-related malignant disease and its symptoms manifest late that is associated with the presence of risk factors, so it is necessary to identify them early, modify and/or attenuate them(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pancreatic Neoplasms/epidemiology , Weight Loss , Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/epidemiology , Hypertension/epidemiology , Epidemiology, Descriptive
15.
J. Health Sci. Inst ; 41(2): 93-103, apr-jun 2023. Tabelas e Gráficos
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1531225

ABSTRACT

Objetivo ­ Analisar o consumo de adoçantes dietéticos em adultos. O uso de adoçantes está sendo cada vez mais discutido em relação à segurança do seu consumo e possíveis efeitos indesejáveis, principalmente quando utilizado de forma exclusiva, sem a associação com outros métodos para a perda de peso. Metodos ­ Foi aplicado um questionário on-line de múltipla escolha constituído de 14 perguntas. O questionário foi aplicado de forma on-line no período de 25 de fevereiro de 2022 a 04 de março de 2022 mediante aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Instituição de Ensino da Universidade Paulista, sob o nº 5.172.086. Resultados ­ 21% dos entrevistados relataram consumir adoçantes para emagrecer, 67% dos entrevistados não apresentam doenças para justificar o uso. 50% dos participantes relataram preferir o adoçante Stévia, além disso 57% usam conta gotas e 26% colocam e experimentam o sabor. Os principais motivos para a mudança de um adoçante para o outro foi devido ao profissional da saúde ter recomendado, representando 26% dos entrevistados e pelo sabor ter se tornado ruim, 24%. Conclusão ­ 21% dos indivíduos fazem uso do adoçante para emagrecer; 17% dos entrevistados seguem as orientações do profissional, ressalva-se ainda que o uso dos adoçantes dietéticos foi significativamente maior entre os participantes sem nenhuma doença relacionada, seguida pela obesidade. No estudo foi possível observar que o adoçante Stévia está na preferência dos participantes com 50%, além disso 57% relatam usar por conta gotas e 26% colocam e experimentam o sabor


Objective ­ To analyze the consumption of dietary sweeteners in adults. The use of sweeteners is being increasingly discussed in relation to the safety of their consumption and possible undesirable effects, especially when used exclusively, without association with other methods for weight loss. Methods ­ An online multiple-choice questionnaire consisting of 14 questions was applied. The questionnaire was applied online from February 25, 2022 to March 4, 2022 after approval by the Research Ethics Committee of the Teaching Institution of Universidade Paulista, under number 5.172.086. Results ­ 21% of respondents reported consuming sweeteners to lose weight, 67% of respondents do not have diseases to justify their use. 50% of participants reported preferring the sweetener Stevia, in addition 57% use dropper and 26% put it on and try the flavor. The main reasons for switching from one sweetener to another were due to the health professional having recommended it, representing 26% of respondents, and the taste having become bad, 24%. Conclusion ­ 21% of individuals use the sweetener to lose weight; 17% of respondents follow the professional's guidelines, and the use of dietary sweeteners was significantly higher among participants without any related disease, followed by obesity. In the study, it was possible to observe that the sweetener Stévia is in the preference of the participants with 50%, in addition 57% report using it by dropper and 26% put it on and try the flavor.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Sweetening Agents , Weight Loss , Practice Guideline , Food Additives , Sweetening Agents/analysis
16.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; Arch. latinoam. nutr;73(1): 60-73, mar. 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1427728

ABSTRACT

The incidence of obesity and overweight in the world has been increasing in recent years due to poor diet and lack of physical activity; people suffering obesity and overweight, related with malnutrition due to excess, often resort to calorie restriction diets that are usually not very effective. In this context, intermittent fasting (IF) has become popular due to the possibilities for weight loss that it offers. This diet consists of alternating periods of fasting with unrestricted eating; however, its effectiveness and consequences are unknown to most users. This narrative review analyzes whether intermittent fasting contributes to the improvement of body and metabolic composition. The purpose of the review was to examine the available data on the contribution of intermittent fasting to the improvement of body and metabolic composition, in order to provide information and to define the parameters that condition safe achievement of its benefits. IF dieting triggers adaptive cell responses that cause a decrease in lipid oxidative stress markers in individuals with obesity and prediabetes. Metabolic alterations have been found to go hand in hand with the alteration of circadian rhythms; if IF contributes to this effect, it may assist in treating and preventing obesity and associated diseases. However, there are also disadvantages, such as the loss of lean muscle mass by wasting, and increased hypoglycemia(AU)


La incidencia de obesidad y sobrepeso en el mundo ha ido en aumento en los últimos años debido a la mala alimentación y la falta de actividad física; Las personas que padecen obesidad y sobrepeso, relacionadas con la desnutrición por exceso, suelen recurrir a dietas de restricción calórica que suelen ser poco efectivas. En este contexto, el ayuno intermitente (AI) se ha popularizado debido a las posibilidades de pérdida de peso que ofrece. Esta dieta consiste en alternar períodos de ayuno con alimentación sin restricciones; sin embargo, su eficacia y consecuencias son desconocidas para la mayoría de los usuarios. Esta revisión narrativa analiza si el ayuno intermitente contribuye a la mejora de la composición corporal y metabólica. El objetivo de la revisión fue examinar los datos disponibles sobre la contribución del ayuno intermitente a la mejora de la composición corporal y metabólica, con el fin de aportar información y definir los parámetros que condicionan la consecución segura de sus beneficios. Se ha encontrado que las alteraciones metabólicas van de la mano con la alteración de los ritmos circadianos; si AI contribuye a este efecto, puede ayudar a tratar y prevenir la obesidad y las enfermedades asociadas. Sin embargo, también existen desventajas, como la pérdida de masa muscular magra por atrofia y el aumento de la hipoglucemia(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Weight Loss , Overweight , Intermittent Fasting/adverse effects , Obesity , Prediabetic State , Body Composition , Deficiency Diseases , Delivery of Health Care , Hypoglycemia
17.
Bol. latinoam. Caribe plantas med. aromát ; 22(2): 194-203, mar. 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1555377

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated the prevalence of concomitant use of herbal products for weight loss (HPWL) and allopathic medicine. Factors associated with the prevalence, adverse reactions, and the alteration of medication adherence with the concomitant use of HPWL alone and in combination with allopathic medicine, were assessed. The study was descriptive and cross-sectional using a questionnaire conducted among people with overweight or obesity (n=662) from five cities of Central Mexico. Adherence to medications was measured using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. The prevalence of adverse reactions induced by the concomitant use of HPWL, and allopathic medicine was 25.3%. The use of HPWL affected medication adherence by 68%. There is a high prevalence (45.2%) of concomitant use of HPWL and allopathic medicine in people with overweight or obesity in Central Mexico. The concomitant use of HPWL and allopathic medicine induces adverse reactions, mainly gastrointestinal, and thus, medication adherence is affected.


Este estudio evaluó la prevalencia del uso concomitante de productos a base de hierbas para bajar de peso (HPWL) y medicina alopática. Se evaluaron los factores asociados con la prevalencia, las reacciones adversas y la alteración de la adherencia a la medicación con el uso concomitante de HPWL solo y en combinación con medicina alopática. El estudio fue descriptivo y transversal mediante un cuestionario realizado entre personas con sobrepeso u obesidad (n = 662) de cinco ciudades del centro de México. La adherencia a los medicamentos se midió mediante la Escala de adherencia a la medicación de Morisky. La prevalencia de reacciones adversas inducidas por el uso concomitante de HPWL y medicina alopática fue del 25,3%. El uso de HPWL afectó la adherencia a la medicación en un 68%. Existe una alta prevalencia (45.2%) de uso concomitante de HPWL y medicina alopática en personas con sobrepeso u obesidad en el centro de México. El uso concomitante de HPWL y medicina alopática induce reacciones adversas, principalmente gastrointestinales, y por tanto, afecta la adherencia a la medicación.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Weight Loss/drug effects , Allopathic Practices , Herbal Medicine , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Combined Modality Therapy/methods , Drug Interactions , Overweight/drug therapy , Medication Adherence , Phytotherapy/adverse effects , Medicine, Traditional , Mexico , Obesity/drug therapy
18.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 151(1): 81-100, feb. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1515424

ABSTRACT

Intermittent fasting (IF) has gained increasing scientific and general attention. Most studied forms of IF include alternate-day fasting, modified alternate-day fasting, and time-restricted eating (TRE). Several cardiometabolic effects of IF have been described in animal models and, to a lesser extent, in humans. This review analyzes the impact of IF on weight loss, glucose metabolism, blood pressure, and lipid profile in humans. A literature search was conducted in the Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. Controlled observational or interventional studies in humans, published between January 2000 and June 2021, were included. Studies comparing IF versus religious fasting were not included. Most studies indicate that the different types of IF have significant benefits on body composition, inducing weight loss and reducing fat mass. Changes in cardiometabolic parameters show more divergent results. In general, a decrease in fasting glucose and insulin levels is observed, together with an improved lipid profile associated with cardiovascular risk. High heterogeneity in study designs was observed, particularly in studies with TRE, small sample sizes, and short-term interventions. Current evidence shows that IF confers a range of cardiometabolic benefits in humans. Weight loss, improvement of glucose homeostasis and lipid profile, are observed in the three types of IF protocols evaluated.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Intermittent Fasting , Weight Loss , Fasting/physiology , Glucose/metabolism , Lipids
19.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-986803

ABSTRACT

With the increasing number of obese patients worldwide, metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) has quickly become an effective way to treat obesity and related metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, lipid abnormalities, etc. Although MBS has become an important part of general surgery, there is still controversy regarding the indications for MBS. In 1991, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) issued a statement on the surgical treatment of severe obesity and other related issues, which continues to be the standard for insurance companies, health care systems, and hospital selection of patients. The standard no longer reflects the best practice data and lacks relevance to today's modern surgeries and patient populations. After 31 years, in October 2022, the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS) and the International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO), the world's leading authorities on weight loss and metabolic surgery, jointly released new guidelines for MBS indications, based on increasing awareness of obesity and its comorbidities and the accumulation of evidence of obesity metabolic diseases. In a series of recommendations, the eligibility of patients for bariatric surgery has been expanded. Specific key updates include the following: (1) MBS is recommended for individuals with BMI≥35 kg/m2, regardless of the presence, absence, or severity of co-morbidities; (2) MBS should be considered for individuals with metabolic diseases and BMI 30.0-34.9 kg/m2; (3) the BMI threshold should be adjusted for the Asian population:: BMI≥25 kg/m2 suggest clinical obesity, and BMI ≥ 27.5 kg/m2 population should consider MBS; (4) Appropriately selected children and adolescents should be considered for MBS.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Humans , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/surgery , Bariatric Surgery , Obesity/surgery , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Weight Loss
20.
Zhongguo zhenjiu ; (12): 1229-1234, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1007470

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES@#To compare the effect of different frequency of acupoint thread-embedding on weight loss in subjects with overweight/obesity of spleen deficiency and dampness retention.@*METHODS@#A total of 126 subjects with overweight/obesity of spleen deficiency and dampness retention were randomized into a 2-week group(63 cases, 13 cases dropped out)and a 3-week group(63 cases, 11 cases dropped out, 1 case was eliminated). The two groups were treated with acupoint thread-embedding once every 2 weeks and once every 3 weeks respectively, Zhongwan(CV 12), Shuifen(CV 9), Qihai(CV 6), Guanyuan(CV 4) and bilateral Zhangmen(LR 13), Tianshu(ST 25), Liangmen(ST 21), Daheng(SP 15), Fujie(SP 14), Pishu(BL 20), Yinlingquan(SP 9)were selected. Four times were required in the two groups. Before and after treatment, follow-up after 2 months of treatment completion, the body mass index(BMI), body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, obesity degree, fat percentage(F%), skin fold thickness were observed in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#After treatment and in follow-up, the BMI, body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, obesity degree, F%, skin fold thickness in the two groups were decreased compared with those before treatment (P<0.001, P<0.01), the changes of BMI, body weight, obesity degree, F%, skin fold thickness in the 2-week group were larger than those in the 3-week group(P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.001).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The effect of acupoint thread-embedding once every 2 weeks on weight loss in subjects with overweight/obesity of spleen deficiency and dampness retention is superior to that once every 3 weeks.


Subject(s)
Humans , Acupuncture Points , Overweight/therapy , Spleen , Obesity/therapy , Body Weight , Acupuncture Therapy , Weight Loss
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL