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1.
Braz. oral res. (Online) ; 33: e085, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1019611

ABSTRACT

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunoexpression of human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) in actinic cheilitis (AC) and lower lip squamous cell carcinoma (LLSCC), and to correlate the findings with clinical (tumor size/extent, regional lymph node metastasis, and clinical stage) and histopathological (grade of epithelial dysplasia and inflammatory infiltrate for AC and histopathological grade of malignancy for LLSCC) parameters. Twenty-four AC and 48 LLSCC cases (24 with regional nodal metastasis and 24 without regional nodal metastasis) were selected. The scores of immunopositive cells for HLA-DR in the epithelial component of the lesions were assessed and the results were analyzed statistically using the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. Epithelial expression of HLA-DR was observed in only five (20.8%) cases of AC (two low-grade and three high-grade lesions), with a very low median score of immunopositivity. By contrast, expression of HLA-DR was found in most LLSCC (97.9%), with a relatively high median score of positive cells. The score of HLA-DR-positive cells tended to be higher in tumors with regional lymph node metastasis, tumors in advanced clinical stages, and low-grade tumors, but the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). In addition, there was a tendency towards higher expression of HLA-DR in highly/moderately keratinized tumors, and tumors with little/moderate nuclear pleomorphism (p > 0.05). The results suggest a potential role of HLA-DR in lip carcinogenesis, particularly in the development and progression of LLSCC. The expression of this protein can be related to the degree of cell differentiation in these tumors.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Lip Neoplasms/immunology , HLA-DR Antigens/immunology , Cheilitis/immunology , Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/immunology , Lip Neoplasms/pathology , Lip Neoplasms/secondary , Cheilitis/pathology , Neoplasm Grading , Carcinogenesis/immunology , Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/pathology , Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/secondary , Inflammation/pathology , Lymphatic Metastasis/pathology , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging
2.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 146(2): 150-159, feb. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-961372

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: The dual potential to promote tolerance or inflammation when facing self-antigens makes dendritic cells (DCs) fundamental players in autoimmunity. There is an association between smoking and DCs maturation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, ethnicity is a key factor in autoimmune disorders. Aim: To evaluate phenotypic and functional alterations of DCs obtained from Chilean patients with RA as compared to healthy controls (HC). In second term, to compare the inflammatory behaviour of DCs between smoker and non-smoker patients. Material and Methods: Monocyte-derived DCs and T-cells were obtained from blood samples isolated from 30 HC and 32 RA-patients, 14 of which were currently smokers and 18 non-smokers. Several maturation surface markers were evaluated in DCs, including HLA-DR, CD40, CD80, CD83 and CD86. Furthermore, autologous co-cultures of DCs and T-cells were carried out and then T-cell proliferation, and expansion of Th1, Th17 and Tregs were analysed. Results: Compared with HC, RA-patients displayed increased HLA-DR expression in DCs, which was manifested mainly in patients with moderate-to- high disease activity scores (DAS28). Furthermore, RA-patients presented a stronger Th17-expansion and a correlation between DAS28 and Th1-expansion. Both effects were mainly observed in patients in remission or with a low DAS28. Moreover, smoker RA-patients displayed enhanced HLA-DR and CD83 expression in DCs as well as an exacerbated Th17-expansion and a correlation between DAS28 and Th1-expansion. Conclusions: These findings suggest that smoking enhances the inflammatory behaviour of DCs and the consequent Th1 and Th17-mediated response in patients with RA


Introducción: El potencial dual que poseen para promover tolerancia o inflamación ante antígenos propios, hace de las células dendríticas (CDs) actores fundamentales en el desarrollo de autoinmunidad. Existe una asociación entre fumar y la maduración de las CDs en pacientes con artritis reumatoide (AR). No obstante, la etnicidad es un factor clave a considerar en desórdenes autoinmunes. Objetivos: Comparar las alteraciones fenotípicas y funcionales de las CDs obtenidas desde pacientes Chilenos con AR y controles sanos (CS). Además, analizamos las diferencias en el comportamiento inflamatorio que existe entre las CDs obtenidas de pacientes fumadores y CS. Materiales y Métodos: Se obtuvieron CDs derivadas de monocitos y células T desde muestras de sangre aisladas de 30 CS y 32 pacientes con AR, 14 de los cuales eran fumadores y 18 no fumadores. Se evaluaron marcadores de maduración en la superficie de las CDs: HLA-DR, CD40, CD80, CD83 y CD86. Además, se realizaron co-cultivos autólogos de células T y CDs, analizando la proliferación de células T, y la expansión de células Th1, Th17 y Tregs. Resultados: En comparación con los CS, los pacientes AR mostraron un aumento de la expresión de HLA-DR en las CDs, principalmente en los individuos con DAS28 moderado-alto. Los pacientes con AR presentaron una mayor expansión de células Th17 y una correlación entre el DAS28 y la expansión de células Th1, ambos efectos manifestados principalmente en los individuos con un DAS28 bajo o en remisión. Además, los pacientes con AR fumadores mostraron un aumento en la expresión de HLA-DR y CD83 en las CDs y una expansión de células Th17 exacerbada así como una correlación entre el DAS28 y la expansión de células Th1. Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados sugieren que fumar favorece el comportamiento inflamatorio de las CDs y en consecuencia la inducción de respuestas mediadas por células Th1 y Th17 en los pacientes Chilenos con AR.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism , Dendritic Cells/immunology , Smoking/adverse effects , Cell Proliferation/physiology , Phenotype , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/physiopathology , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology , Smoking/physiopathology , Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte/immunology , HLA-DR Antigens/immunology , Case-Control Studies , Chile , T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology , Disease Progression , Flow Cytometry , Inflammation/physiopathology , Inflammation/drug therapy
3.
Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ; (12): 554-558, 2018.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-690133

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationship between the expression of peripheral blood HLA-DR, CD4CD25 regulatory T cells, IL-17 and IL-27 with liver damage in children with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-one HCMV children with liver damage and twenty-one HCMV children without liver damage were enrolled in this study. The expression of peripheral blood HLA-DR and CD4CD25 regulatory T cells was detected by flow cytometry. Plasma levels of IL-17 and IL-27 were measured using ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The plasma levels of IL-17 and IL-27 in children with liver damage were significantly higher than in those without liver damage, while the expression of peripheral blood CD4CD25 regulatory T cells was lower than in those without liver damage (P<0.05). Plasma IL-17 and IL-27 levels were negatively correlated with the expression of peripheral blood CD4CD25 regulatory T cells (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Immune imbalance mediated by CD4CD25 regulatory T cells and over-expression of IL-17 and IL-27 may be involved in the pathogenesis of liver damage in children with HCMV infection.</p>


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant , Male , CD4 Antigens , Allergy and Immunology , Cytomegalovirus , Physiology , Cytomegalovirus Infections , Blood , Genetics , Flow Cytometry , HLA-DR Antigens , Genetics , Allergy and Immunology , Interleukin-17 , Blood , Genetics , Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit , Allergy and Immunology , Interleukins , Blood , Genetics , Liver , Wounds and Injuries , Metabolism , Liver Diseases , Blood , Allergy and Immunology , T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory , Allergy and Immunology
4.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 63(12): 1090-1099, Dec. 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-896334

ABSTRACT

Summary Previous studies have demonstrated the expression of the CD25 marker on the surface of naturally occurring T cells (Tregs) of mice, which have a self-reactive cellular profile. Recently, expression of other markers that aid in the identification of these cells has been detected in lymphocyte subtypes of individuals suffering of autoimmune and idiopathic diseases, including: CD25, CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4), HLA-DR (human leukocyte antigen) and Interleukin 10 (IL-10), opening new perspectives for a better understanding of an association between such receptors present on the cell surface and the prognosis of autoimmune diseases. The role of these molecules has already been described in the literature for the modulation of the inflammatory response in infectious and parasitic diseases. Thus, the function, phenotype and frequency of expression of the a-chain receptor of IL-2 (CD25) and IL-10 in lymphocyte subtypes were investigated. Murine models have been used to demonstrate a possible correlation between the expression of the CD25 marker (on the surface of CD4 lymphocytes) and the control of self-tolerance mechanisms. These studies provided support for the presentation of a review of the role of cells expressing IL-2, IL-10, HLA-DR and CTLA-4 receptors in the monitoring of immunosuppression in diseases classified as autoimmune, providing perspectives for understanding peripheral regulation mechanisms and the pathophysiology of these diseases in humans. In addition, a therapeutic approach based on the manipulation of the phenotype of these cells and ways of scintigraphically monitoring the manifestations of these diseases by labeling their receptors is discussed as a perspective. In this paper, we have included the description of experiments in ex vivo regulation of IL-10 and synthesis of thio-sugars and poly-sugars to produce radiopharmaceuticals for monitoring inflammation. These experiments may yield benefits for the treatment and prognosis of autoimmune diseases.


Resumo Estudos anteriores já haviam demonstrado a expressão do marcador CD25 na superfície de células T de ocorrência natural (Tregs) de camundongos, que apresentam perfil celular autorreativo. Recentemente, foi detectada, em subtipos de linfócitos de indivíduos acometidos por doenças autoimunes e de causa idiopática, a expressão de outros marcadores, que auxiliam na identificação dessas células, entre os quais: CD25, CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4), HLA-DR (human leucocyte antigen) e Interleucina 10 (IL-10), abrindo novas perspectivas para a melhor compreensão de uma associação entre esses receptores presentes na superfície celular e o prognóstico de doenças autoimunes. O papel dessas moléculas já havia sido descrito na literatura na modulação da resposta inflamatória em doenças infectoparasitárias. Dessa forma, foram investigados a função, o fenótipo e a frequência de expressão, do receptor de cadeia a da IL-2 (CD25) e de IL-10 em subtipos de linfócitos. O modelo murino tem sido utilizado para demonstrar uma possível correlação entre a expressão do marcador CD25 (na superfície de linfócitos CD4) e o controle dos mecanismos de autotolerância. Essas pesquisas forneceram suporte para apresentação de uma revisão sobre o papel das células que expressam os receptores de IL-2, IL-10, HLA-DR e CTLA-4 no monitoramento da imunossupressão, em doenças de classificação autoimune, abrindo perspectivas para o entendimento dos mecanismos de regulação periférica e sobre a fisiopatologia dessas doenças no ser humano. Além disso, é discutida como perspectiva uma abordagem terapêutica fundamentada na manipulação do fenótipo dessas células, bem como de modos de monitoramento cintilográfico das manifestações dessas doenças, por meio da marcação de seus receptores. Nestes, foram incluídas descrições das experiências em regulação ex-vivo de IL-10; de síntese de tioaçúcares e de poliaçúcares para produção de radiofármacos para monitoramento de inflamações. Essas experiências podem trazer benefícios na terapia e no prognóstico de doenças autoimunes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Autoimmune Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Autoimmunity/physiology , Interleukin-10/physiology , T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/physiology , Prognosis , Autoimmune Diseases/immunology , Autoimmune Diseases/therapy , HLA-DR Antigens , Radionuclide Imaging , CD4 Antigens/immunology , Interleukin-10/immunology , Models, Animal , Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit/immunology , CTLA-4 Antigen , Immune Tolerance , Mice
5.
Journal of Experimental Hematology ; (6): 321-325, 2016.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-360092

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the immunophenotype of leukemia promyelocytes (LP) in bone marrow of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and to explore their characteristics and significance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The immunophenotypes of leukemia cells in 43 patients with APL were analyzed by means of 4 color immunophenotypes; the cell population in which CD45 strength localized at 10(2) and the SSC strength locatized at 10(2) was defined as R3, the cell population in which CD45 strength localized at 10(3) and the SSC strength localized at 10(2) was defined as R5, moreover the ratio of positive cells >80% was defined as strong positive expression, the ratio of positive cells between 20%-80% was difined as weak positive expression, the ratio of positive cells <20% was difined as negative by gating method of CD45/SSC.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was a abnormal cell population (R3) in 79.07% cases; the immunophenotypes of R3 was cheracteried by high SSC, weaker expression of CD45, the rate of CD38, CD9 and CD13 all was 100%, moreover their bright expression (>80%) was 86.05%, 90.70% and 86.05%, respectively; the positive expression rate of CD33, CD117 and CD64 was 97.67%, 95.35% and 83.80% respectively, moreover thier bright expression was 84.04%, 69.77% and 30.23% respectively; the CD15 was weakly expressed in 39.53% cases, the CD34 and HLA-DR were weakly expression in 16.28% and 6.98% cases respectively. All the cases did not express CD116. There were 2 cell populations (R3 and R5) in 20.93% cases, the immunophenotypic features of R3 were cosistant with above mentioning, while the immunophenotypes of R5 were lower than those of R3 SSC; the fluorescence intensity of CD45 was higher, but lower than that in normal lymphycytes, the positive rate of CD9, CD13, MPO was 100%, moreover thier fluorescence intensity was high; they did not expressed CD123, CD25, CD22, CD4, CD64 and CD14. Thereby it can be concluded that the typical immunophenotypes is characterized by CD13(+) CD9(+) CD38(+) CD33(+) CD117(+) CD64(+) CD11b(-) CD34(-) HLA-DR(-) in APL. There was a special immunophenotype in the APL with basophilic granules. Conclusoin: APL has a characteristic immunophenotypic profile, whose typical immunophenotype is characterized by CD13(+) CD9(+) CD38(+) CD33(+) CD117(+) CD64(+) CD11b(-) CD34(-) HLA-DR(-). The special immunophenotype exists in the APL with basophilic granules. Flow cytometric immunophenotyping may be a useful for rapid recognition of APL and has significant for prognosis.</p>


Subject(s)
Humans , Antigens, CD , Metabolism , Cell Count , Flow Cytometry , Granulocyte Precursor Cells , Classification , HLA-DR Antigens , Metabolism , Immunophenotyping , Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute , Classification , Allergy and Immunology , Leukocyte Common Antigens , Metabolism , Prognosis
6.
Chinese journal of integrative medicine ; (12): 219-224, 2016.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-229534

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of electro-acupuncture on Zusanli (ST 36), Guanyuan (RN 4) in patients with sepsis, and explore its mechanism in term of immune regulation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this prospective randomized controlled trial, 60 patients with sepsis were randomly assigned to the control group and the intervention group equally by block randomization. Patients in the control group received routine treatment and those in the intervention group received electro-acupuncture at bilateral Zusanli and Guanyuan in addition to routine treatment, respectively. The mortality at 28 days, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE)-II score were compared to evaluate the effect, and the levels of T cell subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+) and monocytes of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR using flow cytometry were compared to explore the mechanism of this combined treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Fifty-eight patients completed the trial with 29 in each group. There was no significant difference of mortality in the 28th day between the two groups, with 5 death of 29 patients in the intervention group (17.2%) and 9 of 29 in the control group (31.0%). After treatment, APACHE-II score of both groups was significantly decreased, however, score of the intervention group was lower than the control group (13.28±7.07 vs. 17.10±5.83; P<0.01). The levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ ratio of the intervention group improved after treatment and were higher than the control group (59.71%±11.94% vs. 52.54%±11.86%; 36.46%±7.60% vs. 31.58%±10.23%; 18.40%±8.82% vs. 23.07%±7.30%; 2.38±1.14 vs. 1.54±0.80, respectively; all P<0.05). The expression of HLA-DR significantly increased after treatment in the intervention group than that in the control group (7.28%±9.26% vs. 1.27%±7.00%; P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Electro-acupuncture at Zusanli and Guanyuan could improve clinical curative effect in patients with sepsis, which might be achieved by regulation of the immune system.</p>


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Acupuncture Points , Electroacupuncture , Flow Cytometry , HLA-DR Antigens , Allergy and Immunology , Sepsis , Allergy and Immunology , Mortality , Therapeutics , T-Lymphocyte Subsets , Allergy and Immunology
7.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 110(8): 1010-1016, Dec. 2015. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-769838

ABSTRACT

T-cell based vaccines against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) generate specific responses that may limit both transmission and disease progression by controlling viral load. Broad, polyfunctional, and cytotoxic CD4+T-cell responses have been associated with control of simian immunodeficiency virus/HIV-1 replication, supporting the inclusion of CD4+ T-cell epitopes in vaccine formulations. Plasmid-encoded granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (pGM-CSF) co-administration has been shown to induce potent CD4+ T-cell responses and to promote accelerated priming and increased migration of antigen-specific CD4+ T-cells. However, no study has shown whether co-immunisation with pGM-CSF enhances the number of vaccine-induced polyfunctional CD4+ T-cells. Our group has previously developed a DNA vaccine encoding conserved, multiple human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR binding HIV-1 subtype B peptides, which elicited broad, polyfunctional and long-lived CD4+ T-cell responses. Here, we show that pGM-CSF co-immunisation improved both magnitude and quality of vaccine-induced T-cell responses, particularly by increasing proliferating CD4+ T-cells that produce simultaneously interferon-γ, tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-2. Thus, we believe that the use of pGM-CSF may be helpful for vaccine strategies focused on the activation of anti-HIV CD4+ T-cell immunity.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , AIDS Vaccines/immunology , Antigens, Viral/immunology , /immunology , Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/administration & dosage , HIV-1 , Immunity, Cellular/immunology , Vaccines, DNA/immunology , Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage , /drug effects , Cell Movement/drug effects , Cell Movement/immunology , Conserved Sequence/immunology , Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay , Flow Cytometry , Genetic Vectors , Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/immunology , HIV Infections/prevention & control , HLA-DR Antigens/immunology , Interferon-gamma/drug effects , Interferon-gamma/metabolism , /metabolism , Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects , Lymphocyte Activation/immunology , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Plasmids , Protein Binding/immunology , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/drug effects , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
8.
West China Journal of Stomatology ; (6): 141-144, 2015.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-261119

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of anti-infection treatment on the expressions of antigen-presenting-related membrane-surface molecules HLA-DR and CD86 in dendritic cells (DCs) in rabbit buccal VX2 squamous cell carcinoma tissue complicated with local inflammation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rabbit buccal VX2 squamous cell carcinoma with local inflammation models that were established by inflammation was induced by inoculation VX2 tumor, mechanical trauma, and drinking of milk with high sugar viscosity. The animals were divided into four groups. Group A (n=12): rabbit buccal VX2 squamous cell carcinoma with local inflammation, procaine penicillin was intramuscularly given, and tinidazole tablets were given by gavage for three consecutive days. Group B (n = 12): rabbit buccal VX2 squamous cell carcinoma with local inflammation, normal saline was intramuscularly given, and aspirin were given by gavage for three consecutive days. Group C (n = 12): rabbit buccal VX2 squamous cell carcinoma with local inflammation, normal saline was given intramuscularly and by gavage for three consecutive days. Group D (n = 10): rabbit buccal VX2 squamous cell carcinoma, normal saline was given intramuscularly and by gavage for three consecutive days. All the rabbits were sacrificed for collection of tumor specimens, and the expression levels of membrane-surface HLA-DR and CD86 in DCs of tumor specimens were detected viaflow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive expression rate of HLA-DR and the double positive expression rate of HLA-DR and CD86 were group A > group D > group B > group C. The positive expression rate of CD86 were group A > group D > group B and group C (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Anti-infection treatment significantly increased the expressions of HLA-DR and CD86 in DCs of rabbit buccal VX2 squamous cell carcinoma tissue complicated with local inflammation.</p>


Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Allergy and Immunology , Dendritic Cells , HLA-DR Antigens , Metabolism , Inflammation
9.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 109(8): 999-1004, 12/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-732606

ABSTRACT

The interferon (IFN)-γ response to peptides can be a useful diagnostic marker of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) latent infection. We identified promiscuous and potentially protective CD4+ T-cell epitopes from the most conserved regions of MTB antigenic proteins by scanning the MTB antigenic proteins GroEL2, phosphate-binding protein 1 precursor and 19 kDa antigen with the TEPITOPE algorithm. Seven peptide sequences predicted to bind to multiple human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR molecules were synthesised and tested with IFN-γ enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assays using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 16 Mantoux tuberculin skin test (TST)-positive and 16 TST-negative healthy donors. Eighty-eight percent of TST-positive donors responded to at least one of the peptides, compared to 25% of TST-negative donors. Each individual peptide induced IFN-γ production by PBMCs from at least 31% of the TST-positive donors. The magnitude of the response against all peptides was 182 ± 230 x 106 IFN-γ spot forming cells (SFC) among TST-positive donors and 36 ± 62 x 106 SFC among TST-negative donors (p = 0.007). The response to GroEL2 (463-477) was only observed in the TST-positive group. This combination of novel MTB CD4 T-cell epitopes should be tested in a larger cohort of individuals with latent tuberculosis (TB) to evaluate its potential to diagnose latent TB and it may be included in ELISPOT-based IFN-γ assays to identify individuals with this condition.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Middle Aged , /immunology , Epitopes/immunology , Interferon-gamma/metabolism , Latent Tuberculosis/diagnosis , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunology , Tuberculin Test , Algorithms , Antigens, Bacterial/analysis , Brazil , Bacterial Proteins/blood , Biomarkers/analysis , /metabolism , Chaperonins/blood , Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay , Epitope Mapping , Healthy Volunteers , HLA-DR Antigens/immunology , Latent Tuberculosis/immunology , Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology , Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism , Phosphate-Binding Proteins/blood
10.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 47(8): 662-669, 08/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-716275

ABSTRACT

Regulatory T (TREG) cells play an important role in maintaining immune tolerance and avoiding autoimmunity. We analyzed the expression of membrane molecules in TREG and effector T cells in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). TREG and effector T cells were analyzed for the expression of CTLA-4, PD1, CD28, CD95, GITR, HLA-DR, OX40, CD40L, and CD45RO in 26 patients with active disease, 31 with inactive disease, and 26 healthy controls. TREG cells were defined as CD25+/highCD127Ø/lowFoxP3+, and effector T cells were defined as CD25+CD127+FoxP3Ø. The ratio of TREG to effector T cells expressing GITR, PD1, HLA-DR, OX40, CD40L, and CD45RO was determined in the three groups. The frequency of TREG cells was similar in patients with SLE and controls. However, SLE patients had a decreased frequency of CTLA-4+TREG and CD28+TREG cells and an increased frequency of CD40L+TREG cells. There was a decrease in the TREG/effector-T ratio for GITR+, HLA-DR+, OX40+, and CD45RO+ cells, and an increased ratio of TREG/effector-T CD40L+ cells in patients with SLE. In addition, CD40L+TREG cell frequency correlated with the SLE disease activity index (P=0.0163). In conclusion, our findings showed several abnormalities in the expression of functionally critical surface molecules in TREG and effector T cells in SLE that may be relevant to the pathogenesis of this disease.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antigens, Surface/metabolism , Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology , T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology , Analysis of Variance , /analysis , /analysis , /analysis , /analysis , /analysis , Flow Cytometry , Forkhead Transcription Factors/analysis , Glucocorticoid-Induced TNFR-Related Protein/analysis , HLA-DR Antigens/analysis , /analysis , /analysis , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/metabolism , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/physiopathology , Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/analysis , /analysis , Statistics, Nonparametric
11.
Chinese Journal of Hematology ; (12): 98-103, 2013.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-323435

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the immunophenotypic and clinical characteristics between NPM1 mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (NPM1m(+)AML) and unmutated AML(NPM1m(-)AML) not otherwise characterized (NOS) under similar FAB subtypes constituent ratio.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Immunophenotyping and NPM1 gene mutation type-A, B and D and other leukemic related fusion genes were detected by multiparameter flow cytometry and real time RT-PCR or PCR, respectively. 104 AML patients with NPM1m(+)AML and performed immunophenotyping assay were included, 97 with NPM1m(-)AML.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were significant difference between the two groups at presentation in terms of sex, white blood count(WBC), platelet counts (PLT), blast ratio, normal karyotype ratio, WT1 expression level, FLT3-ITD mutation positive rate and remission rate of first course of induction therapy (P < 0.05). On the immunophenotype, the expression of early differentiation antigens (CD34, HLA-DR, CD117, CD38), lymphocytic antigens (CD7, CD4, CD19, CD2), myeloid and monocytic differentiation-associated antigens (CD13, CD14, CD15) were lower, and that of CD33 as well as CD123 were higher in NPM1m(+)AML patients. Among them, only CD34, HLA-DR, CD7, and CD4 positive cases were significantly lower in NPM1m(+)AML group than in NPM1m(-)AML group (P < 0.05), the rest of them had significant difference in the number of positive cells (P < 0.05). Above features were further analyzed between the M1/M2 and M4/M5 subgroups. M1/M2 cases retained the women prominent and had a higher WT1 expression level (P < 0.05). The expression of monocytic differentiation-associated antigens including HLA-DR and lymphocytic antigens were higher and that of CD117 were lower in M4/M5 subtype (P < 0.05). Among them, the positive rates of HLA-DR, CD64, CD11b, CD10, CD15, and CD4 were significantly higher in M4/M5 than in M1/M2 in NPM1m(+)AML group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The most clinical characteristics in NPM1m(+)AML patients are consistent with reports, but some immunophenotype are different to the previous reports under similar FAB subtypes constituent ratio. The major immunophenotypic features of NPM1m(+)AML patients are lower expression of progenitor, myeloid and lymphoid lineage antigens. Monocytic differentiation-associated antigens are only higher expression in M4/M5 cases when comparison with M1/M2 cases within NPM1m(+)AML group.</p>


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antigens, CD , Metabolism , HLA-DR Antigens , Allergy and Immunology , Immunophenotyping , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute , Diagnosis , Genetics , Allergy and Immunology , Mutation , Nuclear Proteins , Genetics
12.
Journal of Southern Medical University ; (12): 550-553, 2013.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-306515

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of CD33⁺ HLA-DR⁻ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the peripheral blood of patients with renal carcinoma and its correlation with the clinicopathological features of renal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-four patients with renal carcinoma treated in our hospital between June, 2011 and October, 2012 and 18 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. Flow cytometry was performed to detect CD33⁺ HLA-DR⁻ MDSCs in the peripheral blood, and its correlation with the clinicopathological features of the patients were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positivity rate of CD33⁺ HLA-DR⁻ MDSCs in the peripheral blood was significantly higher in the cancer patients than in the healthy controls [(1.91 ± 0.66)% vs (0.62 ± 0.22)%, P<0.001]. The expression levels of CD33⁺ HLA-DR⁻ MDSCs in patients with renal carcinoma showed significant differences between stage I+II [(1.46 ± 0.44)%] and stage III [(2.04 ± 0.35)%] patients (P<0.01) and between stage III and stage IV patients [(2.50 ± 0.64)%] (P<0.05), but did not differ significantly in respect of age or gender.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CD33⁺ HLA-DR⁻ MDSCs expression in the peripheral blood is associated with tumor stage and differentiation in renal carcinoma and may play an important role in predicting the prognosis and tumor immunology of renal carcinoma.</p>


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Case-Control Studies , Flow Cytometry , HLA-DR Antigens , Metabolism , Immunophenotyping , Kidney Neoplasms , Blood , Allergy and Immunology , Myeloid Cells , Cell Biology , Metabolism , Neoplasm Staging , Prognosis , Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3 , Metabolism
13.
Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine ; (12): 164-167, 2013.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-355571

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the differences of the inflammation immune state, severity, and prognosis of patients with abdominal surgical critical illness between yin consumption and yang consumption, to clarify the clinical application of yin-yang consumption theory in evaluating their inflammatory immune state, pathological severity, and prognosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and forty-five patients with abdominal surgical critical illness were recruited from Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Nankai Hospital from January 2007 to March 2010. According to syndrome typing, all patients were assigned to yang deficiency group (82 cases) and yin deficiency group (63 cases). The patient's vital signs were measured, including body temperature, pulse, respiration, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and so on. The acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) score was performed. The patients' white blood cell (WBC) count, C-reactive protein (CRP), human leukocyte antigen DR-site (HLA-DR), as well as regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg) were determined. The CU length of stay, the total hospitalization time, the hospitalization cost, and the mortality, were also statistically recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no statistical difference in gender, age, or primary disease between the two groups (P > 0.05) . The APACHE U score, the number of organ dysfunction, MAP, HLA-DR, the ICU length of stay, the total hospitalization time, and the hospitalization cost were significantly higher in yang deficiency group than in yin deficiency group (P < 0.05). But the body temperature, heart rate, respiration, WBC count, CRP, and Treg were significantly lower in yang deficiency group than in yin deficiency group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the mortality between the two groups (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>In the domain of abdominal surgical critical diseases, the differences in yang consumption and yin consumption of primary disease could help judge the severity of patient's condition and immunodissonance. Yin-yang consumption theory had stronger application value in assistant diagnosis and treatment.</p>


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , APACHE , Abdomen , General Surgery , Critical Illness , Digestive System Surgical Procedures , Mortality , HLA-DR Antigens , Hospitalization , Economics , Inflammation , Length of Stay , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Prognosis , T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory , Yang Deficiency , Diagnosis , Allergy and Immunology , Yin Deficiency , Diagnosis , Allergy and Immunology , Yin-Yang
14.
Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine ; (12): 208-213, 2013.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-355562

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the effects of Bushen Jiedu Recipe (BJR) and Jianpi Jiedu Recipe (JJR) containing plasma on dendritic cells (DCs) of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection patients under different immune states.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Recruited were 36 chronic HBV infection outpatients from First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from April 2010 to January 2011. They were assigned to the immune tolerance group (18 cases) and the immune clearance group (18 cases).Another 10 healthy subjects were recruited as the healthy control group. Their anticoagulated peripheral venous blood was respectively collected. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and further extracted for incubating DCs. The DCs were intervened by BJR and JJR containing plasma. The morphology of DCs was identified. The expressions of CD1alpha, CD80, CD86, and HLA-DR were detected. The level of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) in the supernatant was observed by ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The CD80 expression level was lower in the immune clear group than in the healthy control group before intervention (P < 0.05). The expression levels of CD80, CD86, and HLA-DR were lower in the immune tolerance group than in the healthy control group before intervention (P < 0.05).The IFN-alpha expression level was lower in the immune tolerance group and the immune clearance group than in the healthy control group before intervention (P < 0.05). The expression levels of CD80, HLA-DR, and IFN-alpha were lower in the immune tolerance group than in the immune clearance group before intervention (P < 0.05). Compared with the same group before intervention, the CD80 expression significantly increased in each treatment group (P < 0.05). After intervention the expression levels of CD80 and HLA-DR were higher in the immune tolerance group than in the immune clearance group in the same time phase, and the CD86 expression level was higher in the BJR group than in the immune clearance group in the same time phase, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The middle dose BJR and the small dose JJR both could promote the recovery of DCs in chronic HBV infection patients. Besides, BJR showed more prominent effects on the function of DCs in chronic HBV infection patients in the immune tolerance stage.</p>


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , B7-1 Antigen , Metabolism , B7-2 Antigen , Metabolism , Case-Control Studies , Dendritic Cells , Allergy and Immunology , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Therapeutic Uses , HLA-DR Antigens , Metabolism , Hepatitis B, Chronic , Blood , Drug Therapy , Allergy and Immunology , Immune Tolerance , Interferon-alpha , Metabolism , Phytotherapy , Plasma
15.
Acta cir. bras ; 27(10): 732-735, Oct. 2012. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-650564

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To compare the frequency of conjunctival HLA-DR expression (a surrogate marker for inflammation) in eyes treated with topical prostaglandin analogues versus eyes treated with other topical antiglaucomatous drugs. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma presenting indication for trabeculectomy were divided in groups according to the use or not of prostaglandin analogues. All subjects were treated with the maximum tolerated dose of antiglaucomatous drugs until the date of the surgery. At the beginning of the surgical procedure, a 5 x 5 mm biopsy of the bulbar conjunctiva was collected, incubated with monoclonal anti-HLA-DR antibody and processed for histological analysis. RESULTS: Of the 31 eyes included (31 patients), 25 were under topical prostaglandin analogues (Group 1) and six under other topical pharmacological agents (Group 2). Fourteen eyes of Group 1 (56%) and three of Group 2 (50 %) were positive for the inflammatory marker HLA-DR (P=1.0). The percentage of stained cells ranged from 15.49 to 48.09% (median: 27.61) in Group 1, and from 18.35 to 28 (median: 20.71) in Group 2, with no differences statistically significant (p=0.33). CONCLUSION: The use of prostaglandin analogues did not increase conjunctival expression of HLA-DR compared to other topical antiglaucomatous agents.


OBJETIVO: Comparar a frequência da expressão conjuntival de HLA-DR (marcador inflamatório) em olhos tratados com análogos de prostaglandinas de uso tópico com a frequência em olhos tratados com outros medicamentos. MÉTODOS: Pacientes com glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto apresentando indicação de trabeculectomia foram agrupados segundo o uso ou não de análogos de prostaglandinas. Todos os participantes foram tratados com medicação máxima tolerada até o momento da cirurgia. Ao início do procedimento cirúrgico, uma biópsia de 5 x 5 mm da conjuntiva bulbar foi coletada, incubada com anticorpo monoclonal anti-HLA-DR e processada para análise histológica RESULTADOS: Dentre os 31 olhos incluídos (31 pacientes), 25 estavam em uso de análogos de prostaglandinas (Grupo 1) e seis em uso de outros agentes antiglaucomatosos (Grupo 2). Quatorze olhos do Grupo 1 (56%) e três do Grupo 2 (50%) apresentaram positividade para o marcador HLA-DR (p=1,0). A porcentagem de células coradas variou de 15,49 a 48,09% (mediana: 27,61%) no Grupo 1 e de 18,35 a 28% (mediana: 20,71%) no Grupo 2, com diferenças não estatisticamente significativas (p=0,33). CONCLUSÃO: O uso de análogos de prostaglandinas não aumenta a expressão conjuntival de HLA-DR comparado com outros medicamentos tópicos para o tratamento de glaucoma.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Conjunctiva/drug effects , Conjunctivitis/chemically induced , Glaucoma/drug therapy , HLA-DR Antigens/analysis , Prostaglandins, Synthetic/adverse effects , Administration, Ophthalmic , Analysis of Variance , Biopsy , Biomarkers/analysis , Conjunctiva/pathology , Conjunctivitis/pathology , Glaucoma/surgery , Prostaglandins, Synthetic/therapeutic use
16.
Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ; (12): 188-191, 2012.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-320689

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the immunophenotype and its relationship with clinical characteristics in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Bone marrow or blood samples (2-3 mL) with heparin anticoagulation from 139 children with ALL were obtained, and immunophenotypes were identified by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In 139 ALL children, there were 103 cases (74.1%) of B-ALL, 24 cases (17.3%) of T-ALL, 12 cases of T/B biphenotypic (8.6% of T/BALL). In the 103 children with B-ALL, CD19 (90.3%), CD10 (83.5%) and CD20 (27.2%) were expressed as major antigens. In the 24 children with T-ALL, the major antigens were CD3 (79.2%), CD7 (66.7%) and CD5 (33.3%). In the 12 children with B/T-ALL, T-lymphoid antigens included CD7 (50.0%) and CD5 (41.7%), while the B-lymphoid antigens included CD19 (50.0%) and CD10 (33.3%). Of the 139 children with ALL, 32 cases (23.0%) showed myeloid antigen expression (My+ ALL) and the main expression antigens were CD13, CD33, CD14 and MPO. CD34 was expressed in 31 cases. CD34-positive expression (15.6%) in My+ ALL children was significantly lower than in My-ALL children (24.3%). HLA-DR was expressed in 82 of the 139 ALL children. The expression of CD10, CD34 and HLA-DR in the standard-risk, medium risk, high-risk ALL children was significantly different. There were significant differences in gender and incidence of bleeding between the My+ ALL and My-ALL groups (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Immunetyping can differentiate the sources of leukemic cells. The expression of CD10, CD34 and HLA-DR antigen is related to the clinical classification of ALL.</p>


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , HLA-DR Antigens , Immunophenotyping , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma , Allergy and Immunology
17.
Annals of Laboratory Medicine ; : 66-72, 2012.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-43984

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Introduction of the Luminex panel reactive antibody (PRA)-single antigen (SA) assay has increased the detection rates of unacceptable antigens in sensitized patients; the calculated PRA (CPRA) level represents the percentage of actual organ donors that express 1 or more of these unacceptable antigens. We developed a CPRA calculator based on the HLA frequencies in Koreans to measure sensitization levels in Korean patients. METHODS: To develop the calculator, we obtained the HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DR phenotypes of 1,622 Koreans, and compared these with previously reported frequencies in Koreans. Sera from patients awaiting kidney transplantation were tested for HLA antibodies by Luminex PRA-screen, PRA-identification (ID), and PRA-SA assays. The measured %PRA from the PRA-screen (N=55) and PRA-ID (N=71) were compared to the %CPRA for the unacceptable antigens obtained from PRA-SA. RESULTS: Phenotype frequencies used for the CPRA calculator agreed with previously reported data. The concordance rates among the 3 PRA methods for the detection of class I and class II antibodies were 76.1-81.8% (kappa, 0.519-0.636) and 72.7-83.6% (0.463-0.650), respectively. For the detection of broadly sensitized sera (>50% or >80%), the concordance rates were over 80%. In sera with 80-100% CPRA, 91.7% and 94.4% of the samples had concordant results (80-100% PRA) in the PRA-screen and PRA-ID assay, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Although further clinical studies are required to confirm the benefits of CPRA values, adoption of CPRA analysis based on HLA frequencies in Koreans may be useful for sensitization measurements and organ-allocation algorithms.


Subject(s)
Humans , Algorithms , HLA Antigens/immunology , HLA-B Antigens/immunology , HLA-DR Antigens/immunology , Histocompatibility Testing , Isoantibodies/blood , Phenotype , Republic of Korea
18.
Annals of Laboratory Medicine ; : 139-144, 2012.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-100685

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the clinical relevance of pretransplant donor-specific HLA antibodies (DSA) in renal transplantation patients who had negative T-cell cytotoxicity crossmatches. METHODS: From 328 consecutive renal transplant recipients, we selected 28 patients who had positive pretransplant (historical or at the time of transplantation) flow cytometry crossmatches, but negative T-cell cytotoxicity crossmatches at the time of transplantation. The presence of DSA and its level at the time of transplantation were retrospectively tested using Luminex single antigen assays. RESULTS: DSA was present in 16 (57.1%) of 28 patients. Biopsy-proven acute rejection (9 patients) occurred more frequently in patients with DSA than in those without DSA (56.3% vs. 0.0%; P=0.003). The positivity rate of class II DSA was significantly higher in patients with antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) than in those without AMR (100% vs. 21.7%; P=0.003). However, the positivity rate of class I DSA was not different between the two groups (40% vs. 40.9%). Among patients with class II DSA, those with AMR tended to have higher antibody levels (median fluorescence intensity, MFI) than those without AMR (16,359 vs. 5,910; P=0.056). A cut-off MFI value of 4,487 for class II DSA predicted the occurrence of AMR with good sensitivity and specificity (100% and 87.0%). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with negative T-cell cytotoxicity crossmatches, the presence of class II DSA and its level at the time of transplantation were associated with the occurrence of AMR. Pretransplant DSA measurement with Luminex single antigen assay would be useful in renal transplantation.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antibodies/immunology , Graft Rejection/immunology , HLA-DQ Antigens/immunology , HLA-DR Antigens/immunology , Histocompatibility Testing , Kidney Transplantation/immunology , T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology , Tissue Donors
19.
Chinese Medical Journal ; (24): 2340-2346, 2011.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-338548

ABSTRACT

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The frequencies of regulatory T cells (Tregs) increased over the HIV infection but its counts actually decreased. We proposed that the decrease of Treg counts may cause the reduction of inhibitory effect and thereby account for the over-activation of Tregs during HIV infection. However, it remains unknown whether Tregs are also over-activated and thereafter the activation induced death may lead to the decrease of Tregs.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tregs were defined as CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(lo/-) T cells. Eighty-one HIV-1 infected patients were enrolled in our study, and twenty-two HIV-1 seronegative donors were recruited as the control. The levels of HLA-DR on Tregs were determined by FACSAria flow cytometer.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared to HIV-1 seronegative donors, the levels of HLA-DR on CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(lo/-) Tregs were significantly increased in HIV-1 infected patients, and its increase was positively associated with viral loads (r = 0.3163, P = 0.004) and negatively with CD4 T-cell counts (r = -0.4153, P < 0.0001). In addition, significant associations between HLA-DR expression on CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(lo/-) Tregs and the percentages of HLA-DR, CD38, Ki67 expressing CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells were also identified.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HLA-DR on Tregs is a good marker for viral replication and disease progression. The over-activation of Tregs might result in the decrease of Tregs.</p>


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 , Metabolism , CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes , Allergy and Immunology , Metabolism , Cells, Cultured , Flow Cytometry , HIV Infections , Allergy and Immunology , Metabolism , HLA-DR Antigens , Metabolism , Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit , Metabolism , Interleukin-7 Receptor alpha Subunit , Metabolism , Lymphocyte Activation , Allergy and Immunology , T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory , Allergy and Immunology , Metabolism
20.
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica ; (24): 1106-1108, 2011.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-252932

ABSTRACT

Reviewing the progress on study about the major allergen of Shuanghuanglian injection in recent years, resulted in that individual differences of anaphylactic shock are closely related with HLA gene polymorphism. Basing on this, we put forward the research strategy on susceptibility gene of important allergen of Shuanghuanglian injection based on the theory of genetic fingerprints, in order to make sure about the relationship the major allergen of Shuanghuanglian injection and HLA-DRB gene polymorphism and specificity IgE antibody, and to clarify the allergic reaction loci reduced allergic reactions, which can provide the reference data for the study on mechanisms for anaphylactic reaction of Shuanghuanglian injection, and research ideas for the sensitization mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine injection study.


Subject(s)
Humans , Allergens , Anaphylaxis , Genetics , Allergy and Immunology , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genetics , HLA-DR Antigens , Genetics , HLA-DRB1 Chains , Immunoglobulin E , Allergy and Immunology , Injections , Polymorphism, Genetic , Genetics
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