[Gynecomastia support]

Called gynecomastia, the hyperplasia unilateral or bilateral, non-tumor mammary gland in men, is observed in adolescent or adult with an important psychological impact. Common condition that always requires an etiological prior to surgery. Mastectomy by periareolar incision and liposuction are often associated in this surgery. We must respect the position specific chest male in the position of the areola. 15 patients operated in service in the period from January 2006 to December 2011, there were three cases with unilateral and twelve cases with bilateral, the average age was 32 years [22-47 years]. An unsightly appearance was observed in all patients. Breast pain was observed in three patients with fear of cancer in one patient. On examination the lymph nodes was free and there were no nipple discharge. Gynecomastia stage II bilateral is the most frequent. Echo mammography was performed in all patients and was normal. Hormonal balance was: Testosterone, Estradiol, LH, FSH, liver function tests. Testicular and abdominal ultra-sonography were good. When idiopathic gynecomastia was observed, the etiological was negative in all patients. Gynecomastia is common in 30% of adults. Which causes the most common were the para-pubertal gynaecomastia, the gynecomastia acquired in adulthood, also referred to other causes such as hypogonadias, hepatic and renal failure, hyperthyroidism and the sexual ambiguity. The gynecomastia is a common reason for consultation in plastic surgery. The surgical technique is based on common principles of breast surgery adapted with some details on the thorax male. Liposuction and mastectomy are often associated. Patients were satisfied to find a male figure, leaving an clear ambivalence that can weigh in their socio-professional activity

Efficacy of DOTS strategy in treatment of respiratory tuberculosis in Gorgan, Islamic Republic of Iran

We carried out a follow-up cohort study of 260 smear-positive patients [178 on directly observed treatment, short-course [DOTS]; 82 on non-DOTS] over a 2-year period to evaluate the efficacy of the DOTS strategy in treatment of tuberculosis [TB]. All the patients had cough for > 3 weeks; 91.9% had fever, 60.8% of them with sputum; and 27.7% had a positive family history. The rate of treatment failure with DOTS was 9.0% at the end of the 2nd month and 1.7% at the beginning of the 5th month. In the control group these rates were 18.3% and 7.3% respectively. The DOTS strategy significantly increased the success rate of TB treatment [P < 0.05]

[ efficacy of DOTS strategy in treatment or failure of treatment in respiratory Tuberculosis]

Background and Objective: about 1.3 billions people are infected with Tuberculosis [TB] all over the world. There is a close relationship between the quality of TB treatment and the rate of drug resistance. The recurrence epidemy of TB and increased resistance to some drugs was the basis for the WHO to suggest the directly observed short course treatment strategy or [DOTS] strategy, for the TB patients

Materials and Methods: this research was a cohort study and aimed to evaluate the epidemiological finding, the clinical basis and strategy of DOTS on improving, and prevention from failure of treatment and was compared with non-DOTS procedure. Sample population were total of 260 smear positive patients that had been under study for a period of 2 years [1999-2000]. All of the patients were new cases. SPSS software and Fisher exact test was used to analyzed the data

Results: the rate of treatment failure in DOTS strategy in the beginning of 5th month was 1.7%, but in the control group the failure in the same period was 7.3% [P<0.05]

Conclusion: this study indicated that the DOTS strategy is substantially increasing the success rate of TB treatment