RESUMEN
Congenital esotropia is one of most common ocular disorder in children with genetic origin. Amblyopia, decreased streopsis and cosmetic problems are its complication that affect person's fate in terms of career psychological issues. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of botulinum toxin A [Dysport] injection in subconjunctival space near medial rectus insertion of both eyes for treatment of congenital esotropia. Thirty babies [aged 6-54 months] with congenital esotropia who were otherwise systemically and neurologically normal were enrolled in this study. Ten units of toxin [Dysport] were injected [under sedation] into the subconjunctival space near medial rectus insertion of both eyes. The angle of deviation was measured six times: after 3 days, 1 week, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after injection. Twelve months after injection, angle of deviation decreased from 52 +/- 17 PD to 27.8 +/- 21.29 PD in 86.3% of patients. Success of treatment achieved in 23.3% of patients [P=0.008] .In seventeen cases [56.6%] with angle of deviation
RESUMEN
Missed abortion, due to its severe complications, has both medical and surgical treatments. Because of surgical complications, medical treatment has recently more commonly used. As misoprostol [a prostaglandin E[1] analogue] has oral route formulation, low expense, ease of administration and quick effect, has been widely prescribed. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of misoprostol when given by vaginal with that given both vaginal plus oral misoprostol in the treatment of missed abortion in the first trimester. In this clinical trial, which was performed during 2007, 98 patients with missed abortion who were referred to Ahvaz Imam Khomeini and Razi hospitals were enrolled and divided into two groups with 49 patients in each. Group I was prescribed 800 micro g of vaginal misoprostol and every 12-24 hours, an additional 800 micro g was administered. Group n was prescribed 400 micro g of oral and 400 micro g of vaginal misoprostol simultaneously with additional 400 micro g of vaginal misoprostol every 8 hours. For analysis of the data ANOVA and Chi squared tests and SPSS 13 software were used. Vaginal bleeding started significantly sooner in group I than group n 4 hour and 23 minute in contrast to 7 hour and 2 minute [P< 0.05]. Group I expelled gestational products more than group 39[76/5%] in contrast to 12[23/5%] [P< 0.05]. Patients in group I had less complications including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever than the patients in group II [P<0.01]. The overall results of this study confirms the previous studies that misoprostol is an effective drug in controlling complications of first trimesters missed abortions. Furthermore vaginal route of administration is preferable method to vaginal plus oral route for treatment of missed abortion