RESUMEN
Background: to suggest South India CT diagnostic reference levels [DRLs] by collecting radiation doses for the most commonly performed CT examinations
Materials and Methods: a pilot study investigated the most frequent CT examinations. 110 CT sites were asked to complete a survey booklet to allow the recording of CT parameters for each of 3 CT examinations during a 1 year time period. Dose data such Volumetric Computed Tomography Dose Index [CTDI[v]] and Dose length product [DLP] on a minimum of 50 average-sized patients in each category were recorded to calculate a mean site CTDI[vol] and DLP value. The rounded 75[th]percentile was used to calculate a DRL for each site and the region by compiling all results. Results are compared with international DRL data
Results: data were collected for 16,500 patients. All equipment had multislice capability [2-256 slices]. DRLs are proposed using CTDI[vol] [mGy] and DLP [mGy.cm] for CT head [47 and 1041 respectively], CT chest [10 and 445 respectively], and CT abdomen [12 and 550 respectively]. These values are lower than current DRLs and comparable to other international studies. Wide variations in mean doses are noted across the region
Conclusion: baseline figures for South India CT DRLs are provided on the most frequently performed CT examinations. It was noted that there was a wide variation in mean doses among the CT scanners used during diagnosis. The differences in CT doses between CT scanner departments as well as identical scanners suggest a large potential for optimization of examinations
RESUMEN
Flavonoids which were reported as having many pharmacological activities, antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, chemoprevention activities and they possess strong antiproliferative effects related to inhibition of cell cycle progression and apoptosis induction. On the basis of this Thespesia populnea [L.] Sol. Ex Correa [Family-Malvaceae] was selected and it is having the major composition of flavonoids and the antibacterial activity of methanolic extract of Thespesia populnea flowers was investigated by agar well diffusion method. Furthermore our phytochemical studies indicated that methanolic extract of Thespesia populnea flowers contains flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and anthroquinone glycosides. Moreover the individual components were identified by thin layer chromatography and Rf value was compared with standard flavonoid quercetin. The total phenolic and flavonoid content studies were also quantified. The bacteria used for antibacterial study were Shigella flexneri [NCIM 4924], Rhodococcus terrae [NCIM 5126], Escherichiae coli [ATCC 11775], Streptococcus faecalis [NCIB 2406], Klebsiella pneumoniae [ATCC 13883],Brevibacterium luteum [NCIM 2923], Micrococcus flavum [NCIM 2376], Proteus mirabilis [NCIB 8268], Bacillus licheniformis [NCIM 2468], Micrococcus luteus [ATCC 2984], Flavobacterium devorans [NCIM 2581], Shigella sonei[ATCC 29930], Shigella boydii [ATCC 8700] and Shigella dysentriae [ATCC 13313].According to our results in the lowest tested concentration of 62.5microg/ml and 125microg/ml 7.2% of the plant extract were active, 5% active in the concentration of 250microg/ml, 75.7% active in the concentration of 500microg/ml and 92.8% active at the concentration of 1000microg/ml in a dose dependent manner