[Quantitative investigation of inpatients' medical records in training and social security hospitals in Mashhad]

Medical records should be documented according to the patients' health care to act as a lifetime documents. These documents should meet the primary and legal requirements related to patients' care. The aim of this research is Quantitative evaluation of inpatients' medical records in training and Social Security hospitals in Mashhad. This research is a descriptive-cross sectional survey. 550 of medical records were selected from each hospital with regard to the number of total medical records per year. After confirming the validity and reliability of the checklist, data gathering was performed and analyzed with SPSS statistical software. Findings of the present study showed that the admission and discharge summary forms were not existed in one of the selected medical records [%0.01]. The most deficiency was related to the vital signs form [%34.5]. The most common deficiency among clinical data elements of admission and discharge summery forms was related to the discharge program [%89.9] in addition to the results of lab tests and radiographies [%88.9]. In most cases, there was a significant difference between the completeness of data elements of medical records in training hospitals and social security hospitals. Results of the present study showed that the documentation process of medical records is performed incomplete by care providers which lead to data loosing. Therefore, providing enough educations about complete and correct documentation of medical records for care providers is advisable. In addition, it is preferable that quantitative review of medical records be performed by staffs of the medical record departments immediately after the care/event, which is called the concurrent review

causes for lack of interest to blood donation in eligible individuals, Mashhad, northeastern Iran

Donor recruitment and retention are significant problems in blood collection agencies around the world. The Aim of this study was to determine the causes of lack of interest to blood donation in eligible individuals in Mashhad, Northeast of Iran. This was a descriptive study. Cases were 1130 non-donor individuals. Participants were selected from eligible individuals in different regions of Mashhad. In this study, surveys included information about age groups, gender, residence area, marriage, education; living situation and job as background variables. Less than 30% of the cases had enough knowledge about blood donation. There was a significant relationship between location, age, education, occupation and social status with knowledge of blood donation, but there was not a correlation between gender and marital status. There are some factors which affect the decision for blood donation. There is a need to change the negative attitude by increasing the knowledge considering the individual and the social status

relative risk factors of the injuries caused by accidents in Mashhad roads in 2007

In most societies nowadays, accidents are considered as the second most probable cause of death. A big ratio of this is related to the traffic accidents. This report aims at recognizing the accidents which cause casualties around Mashhad's roads. In a case-control study, the cases were drivers who had accidents in these roads with casualties and the controls were the drivers having accidents in same locations but with no casualties. Variables were age, sex, seat belt, spontaneous combustion at the accident, trapping at the accident, falling out of the vehicle at the accident, music playing in the vehicle at the time of the accident, using cell phone, the direction of the accident, the time, smoking at the time of the accident, and the model of the vehicle in both groups. Ninety percent of the cases and 93% of the controls were able or willing to be interviewed while 16.2% and 23.4% of the cases and controls were female. The distribution of males in the case and control group was 83.8% and 76.6% respectively. The age of the case and control groups was 35.5 +/- 10.5 and 39.4 +/- 9.8 years. The use of seat belt as a safety factor was significantly more in the control group [OR=0.44]. Combustion was 21% seen in the case group at the time of the accident, but the same occurred in the control group only in 1.3% of the accidents. The trapping and falling out of the vehicle were significantly more in the case group. Fastening seat belt had a significant positive effect on reducing the injuries caused by the accidents. Age as another significant indicator showed a great influence in the danger factor caused by the road accidents which can be reduced by means of media information

Motorcycle fatal accidents in Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran

All over the world motorcycle accident are one of the major causes of road death and injury. This study aimed to determine the pattern of Motorcycle Fatal Accidents in Mashhad-Iran. This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in 2006 to analyze the epidemiological pattern of the motorcycle accident in Mashhad, North-Eastern Iran. Three hundred fifty cases of motorcycle accidents were included. Data gathering tool was a standard questionnaire. The compiled data were analyzed using SPSS11 and chi 2 test. The significance level was considered 0.05 in all statistical tests. In the time span of the study, 350 cases of motorcycle accident occurred, most of which happened at 8pm to 12pm. In 119 cases, the motorcyclist was the blameful rider. Generally, 84.2% of the motorcycle riders did not have safety helmets. About two third of blameful motorcycle riders [63.1%] were less than 25 years old. The major cause of the accidents [55.1%] was due to neglecting the Yield Right of Way. Motorcycle riders endanger pedestrian, other drivers, passengers and their own life. Paying attention to cultural and instructional issues of correct motorcycle riding and performing appropriate monitoring in traffic and transportation system such as honoring our and others safety and setting limitations on using this vehicle by the youth is of great importance

Assessing the effect of aqueous extract of the cuminum cyminm seed on the acute peripheral pain in hot plate and tail flick models in mice

Background and Purpose: Cuminum Cyminm [CC] is one of the plants whose aqueous extract is used in traditional medicine as anti-convulsive, anti-epileptic and as a tretment for some visceral pains. However, no substantial reports can be found of its effects on the peripheral pain in lab animals. Therefore, this study was condcated to determine the eefects of the IP injection of the aqueous extract of CC on the acute peripheral pain in Hot Plate [HP] and Tail Flick [TF] tests in mice

Methods and Materials: This experimental study was conducted on 56 male Albino mice [8 groups each with 7 mice] weighing 25-30 gr. 200 and 500 mg/kg of the aqueous extract of CC or saline of the volume were injected intraperitoeally 30 minutes prior to the tests. Pain measrment criteria in the TF test was the response time to the pain by raising the tail, and in the HP test the time to begin to lick the front legs or raising the rear feet

Results: The IP injection of the CC aqueous extract with the doses of 200 and 500 mg/kg significantly increasd the response time to the pain in HP and TF tests [P<0.01] in cmparison with the control groups and the group receiving saline. The efect was however more remarkable with the 500 mg/kg dose

Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that the aqueous extract of CC reduced the acute peripheral pain in the mice

[ comparative study between complementary health assurance structure and content in selected countries; and presenting a paradigm for Iran]

The boundaries of providing health services for patients is so much expanded that it is not, at least an economical cost-effective activity in the framework of the health insurances. In many countries the complementary health insurances have been used to provide these services. The aim of this study is to comparison between complementary health assurance structure and content in selected countries; and presenting a paradigm for Iran. The present study is an applied descriptive study, has been done comparatively between 1383-1384 [2003-2004]. Parameters such as management and organizations, population coverage, the criteria to choose the insurance fees, services and their reimbursement payments methods, limitations and the obligations of the services; supervision and evaluations; in countries such as USA, Germany, Slovakia, Britain, Belgium, France, Finland, Philippine, Netherlands, and Iran has been chosen based on the Gordon Model. The chosen methods are based on Delphi techniques and by using the statistical tests were analyzed. Our study results showed that the main reason of choosing the complementary insurance is the insufficient coverage of the public health insurance [89%]. The High Council for Health selected as responsible authority for approving complementary health insurances [78%], also because of decentralized organizational structure of the delivery systems for the complementary health insurances fees fixed based on actual services prices, given the competitive principle [78%]. Using insurances in terms of governmental and private complementary health insurance and creating the competition among them, could have an important role on improvement the health insurance quality, raising the level of customers' satisfactions, and finally improve the public health

[Closure of oroantral communications using a pedicled buccal fat pad graft]

The oroantral fistula is one of the complications that might occur following extraction of upper posterior teeth. The use of pedicled buccal fat pad graft has recently been considered in the treatment of oroantral fistula. The aim of this article was to evaluate using pedicled buccal fat pad flap for closure of oroantral communications. In this experimental study [case series], thirteen patients [11 male and 2 female] with oroantral communications, which either developed following the extraction of maxillary posterior teeth or odontogenic cyst removal, with an average age of 34.06 [24-52 years old], were treated with a pedicled buccal fat pad graft. Surgeries were performed under local or generalized anesthesia. All of patients were evaluated for maxillary sinus infection before and 6 months after surgery with Water's radiography. Clinical repair of wound was evaluated at the first and the second week and 6 months after the operation. Oroantral communication was treated successfully in all patients. Only one patient complained from pain and nasal obstructions six months following surgery. Pedicled buccal fat pad graft can be successfully used for closure of oroantral communication