Use of out-of-plan services by health insurance beneficiaries in Alexandria

This study examined the services obtained by the Health Insurance beneficiaries from non-health insurance physicians. Obtaining health services by Health Insurance beneficiaries from non-health insurance physicians was also examined in the present work. The study was conducted at three Health Insurance Organization [HIO] clinics in Alexandria. A pre-coded interview questionnaire was used to gather the required information from 610 randomly selected beneficiaries. The study revealed a high pattern of out-of-plan use by HIO beneficiaries, 66.6% utilized at least one out-of-plan per year. The beneficiary characteristics that are associated with the out-of-plan use were quality rating of services, perceived health status, seeking second opinion, education and the number of chronic diseases. The mean out of pocket expenditure at the last out-of-plan visit was LE 100. The implications for the Health Insurance Organization and financing of health services were discussed

Kinetic study of copper on zinc metal in ethanol-water mixtures

The cementation of copper on zinc metal in solutions at different concentrations of copper sulfate at 25C has been studied. It was found to be a first order reaction. Moreover, the rates of this reaction in 0.15 M copper sulfate solution were measured in a variety of ethanol-water media at five different temperatures [from 20 to 40C]. The correlation between the mass transfer coefficient and the dielectric constant was investigated. Also, the thermodynamic parameters of activation have been calculated. The isokinetic relationship revealed the existence of compensation effect, in which the solute/solvent interactions play an important role

Solvent effects on the rates of Aquitaine of bromopentamminecobalt [III] perchlorate in tert-butyl Alcohol-water media

The aquation kinetics of bromopentamminecobalt [III] ion has been investigated in tert-butyl alcohol-water mixtures, up to 75 percent by weight within the temperature range 40-60 degree. The variation of the thermodynamic parameters Delta G[*], Delta H[*] and Delta S[*] with the mole fraction of the organic solvent Was analyzed and is discussed. Moreover, a Delta H[*] - Delta S[*] plot is linear with a slope equal to 325 K which reveals the existence of a compensation effect due to a strong solute-solvent interaction. Finally the rate coefficients [k] are correlated with both the dielectric constant of the medium [D] and the concentration of water according to recently proposed equations